How to build a two-part sentence. What does one-part sentence and two-part sentence mean?

A question in the Russian language, what is a two-part sentence, what is a one-part sentence, and how to determine it?

1. Two-part is when 2 predicates or subjects.
2. two-part - where there is a subject and a predicate
   one-part - either subject or predicate
3. Silence. one-part nominative sentence.
   There was silence, a two-part nominative sentence.
   http://books.google.com/books?id=Jgrbu6hiJEcCpg=PA61dq=PPRS SRSSRRRR+PCRRRR RRRRRRsig=yB42nQAgpP4srz4j3WIC4YPgfSg
   One-component - there are several types of them. Here is a table with examples
   http://www.distedu.ru/mirror/_rus/rus.1september.ru/2003/46/9.htm
4. DOUBLE OFFER
   constructive-syntactic type of a simple sentence, the grammatical basis of which is the combination of the two main members of the sentence, the subject and the predicate. The main variety of two-part sentences are sentences in which the connection of the main members of the sentence has a formal expression in the form of agreement between the predicate and the subject in the same categories: number, gender and person. In such sentences, the subject is in the form nominative case, and the predicate includes personal (conjugated) forms of the verb or forms of participles and adjectives; cf .: The boy is walking; The door was closed; We are leaving; Father is sick. In the absence of agreement, the connection between the subject and the predicate remains formally unexpressed and manifests itself primarily in the order of words and intonation; cf .: And she screams; Books are my passion; Our job is to learn. In such sentences, there may be fluctuations in the definition of their main members and in the very attribution of the sentence to two-part sentences. These are sentences like It is impossible to solve this problem; There were three passengers in the carriage; We have an exam tomorrow; Guests in the garden.
5. A two-part sentence has both a subject and a predicate.
   A one-part has only a subject or only a predicate. Only a subject is a nominal one-part sentence. Only the predicate is definitely personal (we can restore the subject - I, you, we, you), indefinitely personal (they, someone), impersonal (there is not and cannot be a subject, the action takes place on its own). Write, I will help!
6. must be found! if one is single-part, if more is multi-part
7. Two-part sentences are one type of simple sentence. The grammatical basis of which consists of a combination of the subject and the predicate. The main variety of two-part sentences includes subject and predicate agreement in number, gender and person
8. One-part - one main member of the sentence (either subject or predicate)
   Two-part - complete, consisting of a subject and a predicate

Sentences whose grammatical basis consists of two main members (subject and predicate) are called two-part.

Sentences whose grammatical basis consists of one main member are called one-part sentences. One-piece sentences have a complete meaning, and therefore the second main member is sometimes not needed or even impossible.

For example: In the summer I will go to the sea. Dark. It's time to go. magical night.

One-part sentences, unlike incomplete ones, are understandable out of context.

There are several types of one-part sentences:

Definitely personal
vaguely personal,
generalized personal,
impersonal,
naming (nominative).

Each of the types of one-component sentences differs in the features of the meaning and the form of expression of the main member.

Definitely personal suggestions- This one-part sentences with the main member of the predicate, conveying the actions of a certain person (the speaker or the interlocutor).

In definite personal sentences the main member is expressed by the verb in the form of 1 and 2 persons singular and plural indicative mood (in present and future tense) and in the imperative mood ; the producer of the action is defined and can be called personal pronouns of the 1st and 2nd person I , You , We , You .

For example: I love thunderstorm in early May(Tyutchev); We will endure trials patiently(Chekhov); go, take a bow fish(Pushkin).

In definite personal offers the predicate cannot be expressed by a verb in the 3rd person singular and a verb in the past tense. In such cases, the proposal does not indicate a specific person and the proposal itself is incomplete.

Compare: Do you also know Greek? - Studied a little(Ostrovsky).

Indefinitely personal sentences- these are one-part sentences with the main member of the predicate, conveying the actions of an indefinite subject.

In indefinite personal sentences the main member is expressed by the verb in the form of the 3rd person plural (present and future tenses in the indicative mood and in the imperative mood), the plural form of the past tense of the indicative mood and the analogous form of the conditional mood of the verb.

The producer of the action in these sentences is unknown or unimportant.

For example: In the house knocked stove doors(A. Tolstoy); On the streets somewhere far away shoot (Bulgakov); Would give man relax in front of the road(Sholokhov).

Generalized personal sentences

Generalized personal sentences- these are one-part sentences with the main member of the predicate, conveying the actions of a generalized subject (the action is attributed to everyone and everyone individually).

The main member in a generalized personal sentence can have the same ways of expression as in definite personal and indefinite personal sentences, but most often expressed by a 2nd person singular and plural present and future tense verb or a 3rd person plural verb.

For example: Good for bad do not change (proverb); Not very much older now respect (Ostrovsky); What sow, then and reap (proverb).

Generalized personal sentences are usually presented in proverbs, sayings, catchphrases, aphorisms.

Generalized-personal sentences also include sentences containing the author's generalization. To give a generalized meaning, instead of the 1st person verb, the speaker uses the 2nd person verb.

For example: you go out sometimes outside and wonder air transparency.

impersonal proposals

impersonal proposals- these are one-part sentences with the main member of the predicate, conveying actions or states that occur regardless of the producer of the action.

In such proposals it is impossible to substitute the subject .

The main member of an impersonal sentence may be similar in structure to a simple verbal predicate and is expressed:

1) impersonal verb, singular syntactic function which is to be the main member of impersonal one-part sentences:

For example: It's getting cold / getting colder /it will get colder .

2) a personal verb in an impersonal form:

For example: It's getting dark .

3) the verb to be and the word no in negative sentences:

For example: Winds did not have / No .

The main member, similar in structure to the compound verb predicate , may have the following expression:

1) modal or phase verb in impersonal form + infinitive:
For example: Outside the window it began to get dark .

2) the linking verb to be in the impersonal form (in the present tense in the zero form) + adverb + infinitive:
For example: It's a pity / it was a pity to leave with friends.
It's time to get ready on the road.

The main member, similar in structure to the compound nominal predicate , is expressed:

1) linking verb in impersonal form + adverb:
For example: It was a pity old man.

On the street. became freshly.

2) linking verb in impersonal form + short passive participle:

For example: In the room it was smoky .

A special group among impersonal sentences is formed by infinitive sentences .

The main member of a one-part sentence can be expressed by an infinitive that does not depend on any other member of the sentence and denotes an action that is possible or impossible, necessary, inevitable. Such sentences are called infinitive.

For example: him tomorrow be on duty. Everyone get up! I would like to go to Moscow!

Infinitive sentences have different modal values: obligation, necessity, possibility or impossibility, inevitability of action; as well as an incentive to action, a command, an order.

Infinitive sentences are divided into unconditional (Be silent!) And conditionally desirable (to read).

Denominative (nominative) sentences- these are one-part sentences that convey the meaning of being (existence, presence) of the subject of speech (thought).

The main member in the nominative sentence can be expressed by a noun in the nominative case and a quantitative-nominal combination .

For example: Night, Street, flashlight, pharmacy .Senseless and dull light (Block); Three wars, three hungry pores, what the century has awarded(Soloukhin).

Descriptive sentences may include demonstrative particles out , Here , and for the introduction of emotional evaluation - exclamation particles WellAnd , Which , like this :

For example: Which weather! Well rain! Like this storm!

The distributors of the nominal sentence can be agreed and inconsistent definitions:
For example: Late autumn .

If the distributor is a circumstance of place, time, then such sentences can be interpreted as two-part incomplete:
For example: Soon autumn . (Compare: Soon autumn will come .)
On the street rain . (Compare: On the street it's raining .)

Denominative (nominative) sentences can have the following subspecies:

1) Self-existential sentences expressing the idea of ​​the existence of a phenomenon, object, time.
For example: April 22 years old. blue. The snow melted.

2) Demonstrative existential sentences. The basic meaning of beingness is complicated by the meaning of indication.
For example: Here mill.

3) Estimated-existential (Dominance of assessment).
For example: Well day! Ah yes...! And character! + particles well, then, also to me, but also.

An evaluative noun can act as the main member ( beauty . Nonsense .)

4) desirable-existential (particles only, if only).
For example: If only health. Not just death. If happiness.

5) incentive (incentive-desirable: Attention ! Good afternoon ! and incentive-imperative: Fire ! and so on.).

It is necessary to distinguish constructions from nominative sentences that coincide in form with them.

The nominative case in the role of a simple name (name, inscription). They can be called properly-named - there is absolutely no meaning of beingness.
For example: "War and Peace".

The nominative case in the function of a predicate two-part sentence ( Who is he? Familiar.)

The nominative case of the topic can be attributed to isolated nominative ones, but in terms of content they do not have the meaning of beingness, they do not perform a communicative function, they form a syntactic unity only in combination with a subsequent construction.
For example: Moscow. How much has merged in this sound for the Russian heart ... Autumn. I especially love this time of year.

The opposition of two-part and one-part sentences is connected with the number of members included in the grammatical basis.

Two-part sentences contain two the main members are the subject and the predicate.

The boy is running; The earth is round.

One-part sentences contain one main member (subject or predicate).

Evening; It's evening.

Types of one-part sentences

Notes.

1) Negative impersonal sentences ( No money; There is not a cloud in the sky) are monosyllabic only when negation is expressed. If the construction is made affirmative, the sentence becomes two-part: the form genitive will change to the nominative case (cf.: No money. - Have money ; There is not a cloud in the sky. - There are clouds in the sky).

2) A number of researchers form the genitive case in negative impersonal sentences ( No money ; There is not a cloud in the sky) considers part of the predicate. In school textbooks, this form is usually parsed as an addition.

3) Infinitive sentences ( Be silent! Be thunder!) are classified as impersonal by a number of researchers. They are also discussed in the school textbook. But infinitive sentences differ from impersonal ones in meaning. The main part of impersonal sentences denotes an action that arises and proceeds independently of the agent. In infinitive sentences, the person is encouraged to take active action ( Be silent!); the inevitability or desirability of active action is noted ( Be thunder! To go to the sea!).

4) Nominative (nominative) sentences are classified by many researchers as two-part with a zero link.

Note!

1) In negative impersonal sentences with an addition in the form of the genitive case with an intensifying particle neither ( There is not a cloud in the sky; I don't have a dime) the predicate is often omitted (cf.: The sky is clear; I don't have a dime).

In this case, we can talk about one-component and at the same time incomplete sentence(with the predicate omitted).

2) The main meaning of denominative (nominative) sentences ( Night) is the statement of being (presence, existence) of objects and phenomena. These constructions are possible only if the phenomenon is correlated with the present time. When changing tense or mood, the sentence becomes two-part with the predicate to be.

Wed: It was night ; There will be night; Let there be night; It would be night.

3) Nominative (nominative) sentences cannot contain circumstances, since this minor member usually correlates with the predicate (and there is no predicate in nominal (nominative) sentences). If the sentence contains a subject and a circumstance ( Pharmacy- (Where?) around the corner; I- (Where?) to the window), then it is more expedient to analyze such sentences as two-part incomplete ones - with an omitted predicate.

Wed: The pharmacy is/is located around the corner; I rushed/ran to the window.

Wed: I am walking/following you.

Plan for parsing a one-part sentence

1. Determine the type of one-part sentence.
2. Specify those grammatical features the main member, which allow the proposal to be attributed to this type of one-component sentences.

Sample parsing

Show off, city of Petrov(Pushkin).

The offer is one-part (definitely personal). Predicate show off expressed by the verb in the second person of the imperative mood.

Fire lit in the kitchen(Sholokhov).

The sentence is one-part (indefinitely personal). Predicate lit expressed by the verb in the plural past tense.

With an affectionate word and melt the stone(proverb).

The offer is one-sided. In form - definitely personal: predicate melt expressed by the verb in the second person of the future tense; by meaning - generalized-personal: the action of the verb-predicate refers to any acting person(cf.: With a kind word and a stone will melt any / anyone).

Smelled wonderfully fishy(Kuprin).

The offer is one-part (impersonal). Predicate smelled expressed by the verb in the impersonal form (past tense, singular, neuter gender).

soft moonlight(stagnant).

The offer is one-part (named). Main member - subject light- expressed by a noun in the nominative case.

The opposition of two-part and one-part sentences is connected with the number of members included in the grammatical basis.

Two-part sentences contain two the main members are the subject and the predicate.

The boy is running; The earth is round.

One-part sentences contain one main member (subject or predicate).

Evening; It's evening.

Types of one-part sentences

Notes.

1) Negative impersonal sentences ( No money; There is not a cloud in the sky) are monosyllabic only when negation is expressed. If the construction is made affirmative, the sentence becomes two-part: the form of the genitive case will change to the form of the nominative case (cf .: No money. - Have money ; There is not a cloud in the sky. - There are clouds in the sky).

2) A number of researchers form the genitive case in negative impersonal sentences ( No money ; There is not a cloud in the sky) considers part of the predicate. In school textbooks, this form is usually parsed as an addition.

3) Infinitive sentences ( Be silent! Be thunder!) are classified as impersonal by a number of researchers. They are also discussed in the school textbook. But infinitive sentences differ from impersonal ones in meaning. The main part of impersonal sentences denotes an action that arises and proceeds independently of the agent. In infinitive sentences, the person is encouraged to take active action ( Be silent!); the inevitability or desirability of active action is noted ( Be thunder! To go to the sea!).

4) Nominative (nominative) sentences are classified by many researchers as two-part with a zero link.

Note!

1) In negative impersonal sentences with an addition in the form of the genitive case with an intensifying particle neither ( There is not a cloud in the sky; I don't have a dime) the predicate is often omitted (cf.: The sky is clear; I don't have a dime).

In this case, we can talk about a one-part and at the same time incomplete sentence (with an omitted predicate).

2) The main meaning of denominative (nominative) sentences ( Night) is the statement of being (presence, existence) of objects and phenomena. These constructions are possible only if the phenomenon is correlated with the present time. When changing tense or mood, the sentence becomes two-part with the predicate to be.

Wed: It was night ; There will be night; Let there be night; It would be night.

3) Nominative (nominative) sentences cannot contain circumstances, since this minor member usually correlates with the predicate (and there is no predicate in nominal (nominative) sentences). If the sentence contains a subject and a circumstance ( Pharmacy- (Where?) around the corner; I- (Where?) to the window), then it is more expedient to analyze such sentences as two-part incomplete ones - with an omitted predicate.

Wed: The pharmacy is/is located around the corner; I rushed/ran to the window.

Wed: I am walking/following you.

Plan for parsing a one-part sentence

1. Determine the type of one-part sentence.
2. Indicate those grammatical features of the main member that make it possible to attribute the sentence to this particular type of one-component sentences.

Sample parsing

Show off, city of Petrov(Pushkin).

The offer is one-part (definitely personal). Predicate show off expressed by the verb in the second person of the imperative mood.

Fire lit in the kitchen(Sholokhov).

The sentence is one-part (indefinitely personal). Predicate lit expressed by the verb in the plural past tense.

With a gentle word you will melt the stone(proverb).

The offer is one-sided. In form - definitely personal: predicate melt expressed by the verb in the second person of the future tense; in meaning - generalized-personal: the action of the verb-predicate refers to any actor (cf .: With a kind word and a stone will melt any / anyone).

Smelled wonderfully fishy(Kuprin).

The offer is one-part (impersonal). Predicate smelled expressed by the verb in the impersonal form (past tense, singular, neuter).

soft moonlight(stagnant).

The offer is one-part (named). Main member - subject light- expressed by a noun in the nominative case.

Grade 8 Russian Language Time_______

Lesson topic: One-part and two-part sentences

Lesson Objectives:

the ability to find two-part and one-part sentences in the text;

development of speech skills;

education of aesthetic taste.

Tasks:

deepen knowledge about the types of one-part sentences;

be able to find two-part and one-part sentences in texts;

develop attention, memory, logical thinking, the ability to compare, classify, generalize;

arouse interest in the lessons of the Russian language, in independent work.

Lesson type - a lesson in improving knowledge, skills and abilities.

Equipment: interactive board

During the classes

1. Organizational moment

introduction teachers

Guys, let's welcome our guests. Now smile and touch your palms to each other, and give each other a sense of confidence that we will succeed with you today (well done guys) and now sit down. Today we have an unusual lesson. As you can see, we have many guests. I hope that today's lesson will bring us the joy of communication, fill the hearts of our guests with warm, kind feelings. Each Russian lesson is an achievement of the secrets of one of the great languages ​​of the world. I hope this lesson will be a discovery for us.

Before we get started, let's divide into 2 groups. I have on the table stickers, come and take it. Please gather in groups by color, yellow is the first group, Blue colour- the second group. Now choose a team speaker. Here we are divided into groups, and now tell me what they mean? (blue is a symbol of good luck, the color of heaven and eternity, the color of kindness, the color of our flag, i.e. blue means well-being, tranquility of peace and unity) (yellow is the color of gold, wealth, the color of the sun and warmth, it is the source of life and energy, i.e. the color of liveliness, brightness and joyful perception of life, and also guys, this is the favorite color of our President Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev)

Teacher. Gives a task. Call situation.

What do you think the girl did?

Students. Divide combinations of words into phrases and sentences.

Teacher. How did you determine that there are phrases in one table and sentences in the other?

Students. There are punctuation marks, intonation and semantic completeness, it has a grammatical basis.

Exercise. 1 Restore the linguistic test by inserting the necessary words. (group work)

The grammatical basis of a sentence is ___________________.

The members of the sentence are _____________ and the predicate.

Indicates an action, _______, the state of an object;

Identifies the subject of speech.

To the questions: What makes the subject of speech? What is the subject of speech? What it is? Who is it? - the main member of the proposal answers _________

Questions: Who? What? What does the offer say? What is the proposal about? - the main member of the sentence answers _______

The predicate can be expressed by the verb, _________ and ____________

Most often, the subject can be expressed by a noun or ___________

Task 2 Research by cards (minigroups)
Consider these offers carefully. Think about how they can be divided into two groups.

In the summer, the guys rested in the camp. I love classical music.

Dry leaves rustled underfoot. The plane's landing was announced on the radio.

I didn't open for a long time. I can not sleep.

Sad rain falls from the clouds to the ground. What a night!

Teacher: On what basis did you divide them?

Students: The principles of separation are the composition of the basis of proposals. (Emphasize grammatical foundations)

Teacher. Which sentences were easy to work with and which ones were difficult? What caused the difficulty?

Students. The rest of the sentences caused difficulties, since they do not have one member of either the subject or the predicate.

Teacher. And if a sentence has both a subject and a predicate, what do we call such a sentence?

Draw a parallel - and if one?

Well done, you're right!

Try to define yourself theme and goals our lesson.

Topic: Two-part and one-part sentences.

Target:learn aboutidentify the difference between one-part and two-part sentences.

II. Primary consolidation of knowledge.

Independent work (Individual work with an interactive test (5 people)
Updating knowledge with the help of a table.

Let's take a look guys, what is the highlight of these proposals?

Some proposals have both main clauses, and other proposals have only one main clause. So, today we will talk most of the time about one-part sentences and two-part sentences.

By the presence of grammatical foundations simple sentences divided into two-part and one-part. Bipartite sentences are called, the grammatical basis of which consists of two members - the subject and the predicate: Winter came .

In one-part sentences, the grammatical basis consists of one main member:Spring. It got colder in the evening.

staging problematic issue Lesson: "What is the difference between one-part sentences and two-part sentences?"

3. Exercise 138str.84. (in oral form)

- Determine which sentences are two-part and which are one-part

(1-5 pr.)

I II. Fixing the material.

Task 3 "Mosaic".

Collect sentences and underline the grammatical basis, do it in writing

1. Morning, has come, winter (It has come winter morning)

2. First, the street falls on the snow (The first snow falls on the street).

3. snowy, winter, frosty. (Frosty, snowy winter).

4. Music, I love, classical. (I love classical music).

What is this offer? (one-part and two-part sentences)

Task 5. "Designer"

Change one-part sentences into two-part sentences.

I love a thunderstorm in early May. - I love a thunderstorm in early May.

Winter.- The long-awaited winter has come

Bright sun.- Shines bright sun

Task 5. "Selective dictation."

I will read the sentences, and you should write down only the grammatical basis.

The caravan stopped at the pass. It was chilly in the evening. Snowflakes slowly fell on damp earth. It's drizzling since morning. Polar explorers sent two polar bears to the zoo. Feel the pleasant freshness of a summer morning. We sit down at the fire.

Task 6. Sort by members of the proposal. Describe this proposal.

We were looking forward to the onset of winter.

Change a one-part sentence into a two-part sentence. Wonderful music.

Task 5. "Guess the word"

This is a neuter word, what it means reflects life in its own way.

Its entire history is the history of people, their lives and struggles.

It is the mirror of life.

There are many types of it.

In Kazakh it is ө ner.

In English it is art.

So this word is art.

« Art is the eternal joyful and good symbol of striving

a person to goodness, to joy and perfection, ”wrote the famous German writer Thomas. Mann.

What associations do you have when you hear this word?

Task 6. Work in groups. Building a cluster.

Here is a piece of paper for you to write the associated words.

1. Write the words in three languages.

2. Compose one sentence at a time and emphasize the grammatical basis.

music painting theater sculpture cinema literature

Name these words three languages

literature - ә debiet - literature

music - ә n, ә uen -music

cinema - cinema - cinema

theater - theater - theater

painting - mimensuret salu - draw

sculpture - mү sіn - sculpture

architecture - sә fly ө nerі - architecture

Compose one proposal.

Music decorates our life.

Today at the lesson there was an interesting quiz about painting.

Painting helps a person to reveal his soul.

Art means the comprehension of reality by the master, the reflection of his external and inner peace, which ultimately gives a product that brings aesthetic satisfaction, not only to the creator himself, but also to society.

IV . Homework. Summing up the lesson.

Lesson reflection.

If you understand everything, then choose a red apple, if something is not clear to you, choose a green apple.

V . Reflection.Grading

Each student is invited to fill out a card and put a mark on himself.

Are you satisfied with how the lesson went?

Were you interested?

Have you managed to acquire new knowledge?

Were you active in class?

You will be happy to do homework?

Was the teacher attentive to you?

Have you managed to show your knowledge?

I thank you for your diligence, conscientious performance of tasks. Thanks to our guests for coming to us.