How can broken glass be used in human life and the national economy? Disposal of plastic (PVC) and wooden windows What to do with window glass

Instruction

There are less and less newspapers and plastic bottles in modern garbage containers - this direction of the processing industry is developing most actively, effectively solving the problem of recycling plastic and paper waste.

However, many types of household and industrial waste are not recycled. Broken glass is one of these types of waste, moreover, it is actually eternal waste. The glass will stay where we left it without breaking down for hundreds of years. If we were talking only about household glass waste, the problem would be less global, but there are also industrial waste the same type. A fifth of all garbage in landfills is. That is why researchers are actively working on the possibilities of glass recycling.

Laminated double glazing is mounted with a laminated glass surface inside the house, because many accidents occur due to a crash. This protects the occupants from cuts in the event of an impact on the glass and makes it even more difficult for a burglary to penetrate the first sheet of glass prior to attacking the laminated glass composition. Installed in a suitable chassis, that is, strong enough.

Decorative fences will be sealed in masonry. The distance between the rods should not exceed about ten centimeters. Between 13 and 20% of the total heat loss from your home occurs through poorly insulated windows and doors. Thus, updating all your windows can significantly reduce energy consumption. It is also advantageous with acoustic and aesthetic point vision and will appreciate your kindness in the long run.

One of the leading directions reuse broken glass is the manufacture of building mixtures. Glass is crushed and then added to concrete mixes. Concrete with such a filling acquires new physical and mechanical characteristics, allowing it to withstand critical loads and the impact of an aggressive environment. Another advantage of the technology is the efficiency of the processing process, the final material is not only effective in its characteristics, but also cheap. It makes industrial enterprises to open points for the reception of glass and glass containers on the territory. It is possible to hand over glass in any volume and form. Moreover, get some amount in accordance with the weight of the accepted waste.

The right questions to ask yourself

If your ventilation system is not working, it can lead to permanent damage or even mold. Make sure the work you are doing does not require a prior announcement at your City Hall. When you live in condominiums, you may be subject to certain restrictions. your trustee.

Four glass wall installation methods

• Air exchange in your home.
• The new window has better air tightness than the old window.
• Therefore, it changes the ventilation of your home.
• Therefore, it is important to provide suitable air intakes.
• This system maintains your brightness.
• It provides excellent thermal and acoustic insulation.

Factories involved in the processing of broken glass work with industrial volumes of cullet. It is obvious that surrender household waste such a plan on the site of the processor is unlikely. That is why they are actively developing small companies engaged in the collection and accumulation of one or another type of secondary raw materials for their subsequent sale to processing companies. Similar companies currently exist in most major cities their network is constantly expanding. Any type of glass can be handed over to the collection points of such companies - from glass containers to windows.

A tree, sometimes the only thing that certain rules of joint ownership are allowed to, related or not close to secret sites. Its real advantages are its rigidity and insensitivity to bad weather. You can take advantage of each of the materials by choosing mixed joinery. Aluminum for its weather resistance and virtually maintenance free, the wood located inside transfers heat. However, its cost remains high.

What type of glazing to choose?

Of course, double glazing is preferred. Double glazing allows. Reduce the effect of a cold wall Reduce condensation on windows Avoid heat loss through windows. Having found ourselves among different glazing, consider three factors. As an important criterion, it is equivalent to the amount of solar energy through which the glass passes and enters the building. The higher it is, the more the window lets in the free sun of the sun inside your house in winter. However, in the summer, with solar protection, you will be able to limit any overheating in your home. Light transmission is also between 0 and reflects the amount of light passing through the glazing. The higher it is, the more natural light will let in your window. . To choose the right glazing, it is important to combine three factors depending on the orientation of each window.

You can check the availability and address of the nearest company of this profile in the administration of your district - assemblers and processing plants, mainly - private firms, but a mandatory rule for them is the passage of state accreditation.

You can also contact the management company, which, if it does not collect household waste itself (for example, does not have a permit for this type of activity), then in any case must organize a contract with a third-party company. Usually, once or twice a month, a truck arrives on the territory of the microdistrict, which receives glass from citizens. In order to save money, many housing departments and HOAs deal with the situation differently: they install containers for collecting waste on their own territory. You can throw away glass there at any time and without restrictions.

Certificates that guarantee product quality

Tax credit file. Upgrading your glass improves your comfort as well as the environment. Windows make a big contribution to the insulation of a home. Indeed, when they are waterproof, it is a consequence of causing heat loss to the home. You will be unpleasantly surprised that your heating bill has increased.

Before installing or installing windows, it is very important to consider certain factors. For example, the type of opening, glazing or material. She accompanies you throughout your project. Installing and installing windows. Before installing the window, you must first select the material. 4 solutions are available.

Replacing a window block is a responsible event. In addition to deciding on the choice of the type of new construction and the manufacturer, it is also necessary to foresee how the windows to be replaced will be disposed of, depending on the type, plastic, wood or aluminum.

Cost and prices

The question is how much does the service cost? Call us now! Let us know the price and rates and organize the process!

We must know that all his solutions are equal. In addition, you can place your own window. But he must be a very good master. You will get many benefits. Firstly, the installation of the window is very fast. It will take 1 hour to install the window.

Our window installation services

With a professional to maneuver, the quality of the pose won't be a problem. Indeed, you have confidence in a job well done. Using a professional will also be cheaper. The financial benefits are huge. Double glazing - Triple glazing - Filler window - Safety glazing - Glazed facades.

Why you should use Unimove services

The dismantled window structures and glass are quite bulky, and it is impossible to simply take them to the waste collection site by public utilities workers. There is a provision on administrative responsibility for such actions.

The violator will have to pay:

In addition, it has many benefits. In addition, it offers very good warmth- and soundproofing. It is easy to maintain and 100% recyclable. Then remove windows from new windows. Place the new frame on top of the old one and adjust it properly. Use clips to hold. Tighten the adjusting cylinders. Use wood screws to secure the knot in the holes. Make sure the window openers are securely closed. Then cover the screw heads.

Installation and installation of aluminum window

Aluminum window is part of the materials used for windows. It is highly regarded for its aesthetic qualities and is available in many shades. In addition, it is a recyclable material that has a long service life. Indeed, it does not rust and is resistant to rain. To install aluminum windows, remove the doors of the new window in aluminum profiles and fix the window in accordance with the installation technology by screwing or implanting with a traditional seal. Then adjust the frame well and secure it with plastic spacers on the fork.

• a significant amount of a fine - from 5000 rubles,
• cargo handling,
• cargo handling,
• removal to the place of disposal.

And this is only if it is not decided that the violator did not cause damage to the environment by his actions. The latter circumstance will significantly increase the amount of the fine. The very fact of the need to go to the authorities, compiling explanatory notes, collecting characteristics from the place of residence, work - activities that require time, material costs and strong nerves.

Drill the frame 20mm below the top rail holes with 8mm wood. Also make a hole in the concrete with a concrete wood diameter of 8mm. Insert screws and dowels into the holes. Then tighten the screws by placing the caps. Then open the doors instead.

Installation and installation of double glazed windows

Fold the window and then use spray foam to apply the final seal. Installing double glazed windows allows you to replace old windows with new ones with reinforced insulation. This method has many advantages. Indeed, this allows you to significantly reduce your heating bill and its energy consumption. To install a double glazed window, you must first measure the opening of your window. Check plumb and level. Then preparatory work is needed. The hinges of the first holes must be removed.

Do not experiment, contact our service.

Stages of work

• Preparing the premises for the start of work.
• If necessary, we will provide film materials to protect interior items from construction dust.
• Dismantling.
• Restoration of a window opening.
• Garbage collection.
• Means for packaging construction waste, their packaging.
• Taking out the trash to the street.
• Transport for its export.
• Loading an old window unit into a car body.
• Delivery of garbage to the place of disposal.
• Disposal.

Our workers will be happy to help you with the implementation of any stage. In addition, you, as a client, determine the time of the work yourself.

Clean frame and remove lacquer or lacquer deposits. Close the holes with wood pulp. Then put the new window in the frame. Remove it and then place the frame and install it vertically into the hole. Use long screws to nail it to the original window frame. You should check out the new doors and close the window. Using a gun and silicone caulk, mask the gaps between the new frame and the old frame inside and out. Make the sealant smooth and place new covers.

The checkers are insistent that you come to the neck in moments of relaxation or even worse when you are sleeping. The infiltration of water in every constant rain and cold during the winter is often enough to create people's awareness that there is a problem to solve the problem, and that is old windows.

The client will receive a document proving that his window was disposed of by our company. It serves as a defense against accusations from public utilities.

In every room, whether it is residential or working, it is necessary to periodically replace the windows. Like any other structures, window frames have their own service life and after its expiration they lose their functionality, they begin to let in sounds, dust, smells from the street, and cease to retain heat.

Recycling old windows is not only a time-consuming process, but also a dirty one. After each dismantled frame, at least 20 kilograms of debris remains. Do not throw it into the garbage chute, on passenger car it is also inconvenient to export, especially if there is more than one frame to be replaced.

Note! The dismantled remains of window frames are considered, and it is impossible to leave them in the same place where ordinary household garbage is taken out. How to properly dispose of construction waste and where to take it out so as not to get a fine, read the link above.

If you have not concluded an agreement with the management company on the removal of construction waste, old windows cannot simply be left near the garbage bins. You can always find out about the existence of an agreement with the management company. If the Criminal Code is not engaged in the export of construction waste, it makes sense to conclude an export agreement with the company that will install new ones. Sometimes this service is provided at no extra charge.

It is also possible to transport dismantled frames and garbage to a landfill on your own, but it is often impractical: in the process of dragging weights, a person unaccustomed to such work can tear his back and injure himself. There is also a high chance of damaging or dirtying a personal car, and searching for a dump and driving to it can turn into a long wander or end in nothing at all if it turns out that the dump found works only under contracts with large companies, and there’s no way to “throw” your old windows on them it is forbidden.

Features of recycling wooden windows

Environmental friendliness and the ability of wood to “breathe” remain one of the most significant advantages, so wooden frames continue to be installed now. But not too high-quality wooden structures become unusable much earlier than plastic ones.

The cracks that appear in the tree are filled with dirt and dust, the old paint is coming off, the glass is not sitting tightly - all this means that it is time for the old wooden window to landfill.

Wooden frames can be used for firewood for a summer residence, and a greenhouse can be made from window panes. It is important not to overlook one point here: frames affected by fungus or mold are not suitable for heating residential premises or cooking over an open fire. Therefore, the disposal of wooden windows with suspicious black spots should take place away from utility and residential buildings.

Features of recycling plastic (PVC) windows

The widespread replacement of wooden frames with windows made of metal-plastic profiles began with us relatively recently, so most plastic windows have not yet expired. Due to the greater uniformity and inertness of plastic as a material, such windows last longer than wooden ones - their service life can reach half a century. Accessories, of course, deteriorate much faster, but for that it is a consumable.

Utilization of plastic windows may be required due to mechanical damage to the frame or redevelopment in the room. How, then, to be with the old? There are several options.

1. "Lazy". Order the removal of garbage and old plastic windows from the company that will install new windows for you. The contract concluded with the company for the removal of construction waste will relieve you of responsibility for further fate window structures. Cons - Additional charges may apply.
2. "Green". More effort will be needed: you need to find PVC plastic collection points in your city. You will have to bring windows to the drop-off point at your own expense, but you will be calmer knowing that your frames will not be dumped as dead weight at the landfill, but will be recycled.
3. "Fresh". It may happen that you need to replace an almost new window. Let's say a month ago it was delivered to you, but you suddenly realized that instead of a blank frame you want a folding one. This is solved by calling the company that installed the window: if there is no damage, they will simply take it away, and they can even make a discount on something else.
4. "Country". Call your gardening friends, neighbors and relatives, if anyone needs frames and glass on their hundred square meters. They are suitable for both residential buildings, verandas and greenhouses. But it will have to be dismantled carefully - broken applications are unlikely to be found.

Video

"How are they?" How the recycling process (collection, crushing, remelting) of PVC frames in Germany is shown in the following video:

Window glass recycling

Broken windows can be taken to a recycling center. Everything is more interesting with whole ones: you can post an ad on Avito or another similar site where summer residents, aquarists or framing masters may be interested in your glasses.

Note! You can find out how PVC windows are recycled in your city and where you can get rid of window glass using the recycling map created by Greenpeace: http://recyclemap.ru.

Who is responsible for the removal and disposal of old windows

Typically, recycling companies work closely with window and balcony glazing agencies. This may be a structural unit of the company itself, or it may be a third-party organization - in any case, the first thing to do is to request the contacts of the utilizers from the installers.

To compare prices and pickup conditions, you can use the web search. Any office that takes out construction waste also takes out windows, you just need to choose the right one.

How is recycling

Plastic structures are either left in landfills or melted into recycled plastic by pyrolysis. From such plastic they make, for example, ebbs for new windows, consumables, accessories.

Wooden frames are most often burned - to generate useful energy in large landfills (for heating boilers, in the process of biogas production, and so on), or simply destroyed by fire.

Glass in the same way can be stacked at the landfill, or it can be melted down and serve as material for new window panes, bottles and other utensils.

The easiest way to get rid of old frames is to shift the trouble to the installer or recyclers. If your conscience does not allow you to take an active part in littering the planet - hand it over for processing, it will definitely not be worse for anyone. It is easiest for owners of summer cottages, where windows will always come in handy.

Glass to order is an indispensable material in the production of tableware, building materials, furniture and interior items. However, glass has one big drawback - it is very fragile and crumbles easily. Large and small fragments have sharp edges that are easy to cut. Once inside the human body, glass fragments can cause bleeding, and glass dust that settles in the lungs remains there forever and leads to serious illness. Due to the great danger to human health, the disposal of glass fragments has certain difficulties.

Glass practically does not decompose in natural natural conditions, since the main component in its manufacture is sand.

What can be done with broken glass, and how can it be properly disposed of or recycled without causing damage to the environment?

If the volumes of broken glass are small and you have creative potential, you can use fragments to decorate the interior. Shards of flat glass are suitable for making stained glass windows. For their coloring, you can use stained glass paints or colored adhesive film. From small fragments you can make a mosaic and decorate a vase or flower pot. At the same time, one must not forget about safety precautions when working with glass.

The use of broken glass to decorate the garden in the form of mosaic borders is not recommended, as the glass may eventually crumble from the bonding base and fall into the ground. Some also advise burying glass shards around the perimeter of a garden area or using it as filler when building a house foundation, as this is an effective way to control moles and rats. But these ways of using broken glass also carry a serious potential threat to humans.

The best way to use broken glass in construction is to crush it and add it to the cement mortar. Glass fragments for grinding can be loaded into a concrete mixer by adding water, sand and gravel. This method of processing cullet makes it possible to produce small glass chips with rounded edges, which will serve as excellent thermal insulation during the construction of the foundation, and also increase the strength of concrete. Processed glass chips can be an alternative to sand and gravel.

The same method of processing broken glass in a concrete mixer is also suitable for obtaining the so-called sea glass. This glass occurs naturally in sea ​​coasts. It has good decorative properties and smooth edges on the entire surface. This allows the wide use of "sea glass" for the manufacture of jewelry and mosaics of any type.

If the volumes of cullet are large (usually in construction and in the production of window structures), then it is best to hand over glass fragments to cullet dealers. Firms that buy up broken glass then resell it to glass factories.

Custom glass can be 100% recycled, saving Natural resources. Recycled glass can replace up to 95% of raw materials in the glass industry. Each ton of recycled glass allows you to save a little less than a ton of natural materials used in its manufacture. Energy costs in the production of raw glass are reduced by 2–3% for every 10% cullet in the material's recipe. At the same time, recycled glass is a much cheaper raw material than natural components. Thus, glass recycling is a very environmentally friendly process.

Another option for using broken glass in large volumes is the manufacture of glass tiles. Glass fragments are crushed in a crusher, mixed with dyes and polyester resin, then poured into special molds of various sizes and textures. When pouring glass, a vacuum is created to eliminate air bubbles in the finished tile. The resulting facing tiles can be used for finishing kitchens, bathrooms and even exterior facades of houses. This technology for the manufacture of glass tiles - good idea for small and medium-sized businesses, since the cost of raw materials and equipment is low, and the cost of its imported counterparts is quite high.

If you apply the creative potential of each person, then broken glass is an indispensable material in all kinds of products. folk art, starting from building materials, where broken glass can be added to concrete for greater strength, they can also be added to all kinds of panels, cinder concrete, and can also be used in the decoration of facades, with all kinds of decorative and applied products, because broken glass powder in in combination with glue or various varnishes with the addition of color, it can be a good stained glass material, and if you also heat it up, you will get all kinds of lamps interspersed with glass and plastic.

Also, broken glass to order can be used to develop the psychophysiological capabilities of a person, for example, small broken glass can be consumed to train walking barefoot. And you can also use them in the beds so that the grass does not grow, falling asleep the territory.

Conclusion: broken glass is by and large the sand from which this glass is made, so where sand is used, broken glass can also be used.

source

Recycling of glass products and waste protects the environment, saves natural resources and reduces the cost of producing new products.

Waste glass has no place in landfills, because they are useful recyclable materials that go to production of hundreds of varieties of products.

Glass in natural conditions does not lose its properties for many centuries. Its recycling significantly reduces the cost of glass production.

The material can be completely recycled without any waste. Getting glass is also easy - our landfills are literally littered with it.
The savings here are as follows:

• one ton of recycled glass containers is equivalent to 700 kg of sand, 250 kg of limestone and 200 kg of soda combined;
• 10% of used cullet is minus 2-3% of energy costs.

Due to glass waste, the total landfill area is increasing by 10,000 hectares annually. So recycling can also save a lot of land resources.

In addition to being remelted, glass containers, cullet and crushed glass can be used in a wide variety of applications, including for thermal insulation, building a foundation, and even decorating a home.

Unlike Western countries in Russia, there are still few factories involved in the processing of glass products. Besides, they use very little cullet. It accounts for less than 10% of all processed products.

Unbroken glass is also recycled a little - only about 20%. The rest of the packaging is taken to landfills. But in modern Europe with its high culture of separate waste disposal, this figure exceeds 90%.

Not so long ago, things were better in our country - in Soviet times thanks to the correct operation of the collection points, more than 80% of glass containers were recycled.

Glass is processed like this:

1. First, glass recyclables are cleaned - lids and corks, various foreign impurities are removed.
2. Then it is dried and crushed into microscopic crumbs.
3. After that, a blowing agent and special “additives” (sand, limestone) are added to the glass powder to improve its properties and prepare it for heat treatment.
4. After “preparation”, the secondary glass is placed in special molds and sent to a high-temperature furnace. They cook it there. Important point. Remelting recycled glass requires a lower temperature (+1300-1500) than in the case of "primary" raw materials. This makes production cheaper.
5. After remelting, new cans and bottles are formed.
6. At the end, the container is annealed to make it stronger.

The technology is relatively simple, and most importantly, it significantly cheaper than glass production from scratch.

Highly porous foam glass is most often produced from recycled cullet, which is widely used in construction for thermal insulation.

Recycled glass also used for production:

• fiberglass - raw materials for the manufacture of glass fiber, chopped fiber, rovings;
• liquid glass - silicate glue with waterproof properties;
• fine-grained variety of concrete with anti-corrosion binding properties;
• material for facing and covering surfaces (tiles, glass tiles);
• mastics and paints and varnishes;
• abrasives;
• water filters;
• glass containers, as well as small items like beads;
• ceramic sanitary ware.

Dropping glass is easy. Today there are reception points in most cities and towns with a population of more than 20,000 people. They accept:

• drink bottles;
• banks of various shapes.

Beakers, flasks and other vessels used in industry and medicine at the point of collection for security reasons may not take.

Glass containers are divided into several categories:

1. cullet, bottles and jars of non-standard shape - with filters or too small. They are waiting for a meltdown. A bottle is considered cullet if it has even a small chip or crack.
2. Unbeaten. Such containers can be disinfected, cleaned and reused for their intended purpose.

The approximate price at the collection points at the glass containers is as follows:

• a bottle of beer costs around 10-50 kopecks;
• vodka half-liter bottle - 1 ruble;
• three-liter jar - 2 rubles.

You can earn 300-500 rubles on the sale of cullet. for 100 kg.

Glass recycling is a profitable business. Business is subsidized by the state and quickly pays for itself.

The starting capital required to open a conventional glass processing plant does not exceed 1,500,000 rubles.

This market is still undersaturated, many niches on it are empty. Clients are easy to find . They can become:

• construction companies;
• manufacturers of plumbing and windows;
• canning and distilleries.

Approximate processing plant costs the following:

• obtaining all permits - 100,000 rubles;
• working plant for waste processing - 800,000 rubles;
• rent and arrangement of workshops and warehouses - 100,000 rubles;
• communal apartment, taxes, purchase of glass, salary - 300,000 rubles.

Products can be sold for approx. for 2000 rubles. per ton.

It is realistic to produce up to 300 tons of products per month with the above-mentioned costs. The net profit in such scenarios will be approximately 175,000 rubles, and one and a half million investments will pay off in just 9 months.

The level of profitability that can be achieved in a short time is from 10% to 18%.

In addition to recycling, you can also simply collect glass by opening a collection point. But it will take good publicity otherwise it is difficult to count on normal profits.

Glass recyclables can be purchased:

• at the point of collection of glass containers, or open your own;
• in a distillery or window manufacturing plant; they usually have special containers where rejected products are dumped.
• on landfills; in many subjects of the Russian Federation it can be obtained there for a nominal fee.

Raw materials can be obtained if installed on city streets special waste containers for glass. Municipal authorities are usually only happy about this. You can also organize a glass container collection point yourself.

Glass containers do not have to be recycled.

It can be turned into beautiful and useful crafts:

• chandeliers and candlesticks;
• vases, flower pots and flower beds;
• cups, jugs;
• shelves, whatnots and even chairs;
• home and exterior decorations;

Cans and bottles can be used for this.

Glass bottles can be effectively used in the economy and construction:

• create from them fences for front gardens and small fences separating garden or garden paths from plants;
• use in the drainage layer of the tracks;
• to create from them the foundation for small buildings, like a barn;
• apply in masonry walls.

throw away glass uneconomical and unreasonable. This harms the environment and speaks of a low level of economic culture.

With a competent approach, glass waste can make good money and at the same time protect nature.

source

The history of glass began six thousand years ago in Ancient Egypt and, apparently, will continue indefinitely. Glass is used everywhere - it is in every home, every car, used in the manufacture of electronic devices, in laboratories, offices, shops. And, of course, a person with poor eyesight is forced to look at the world through glasses all the time. In other words, you can't do without glass. But if we go beyond the scope of necessity, then the application of this unique material can be found even in the arrangement of garden paths. There are two fundamentally different approaches to the issue.

This approach implies, first of all, savings. That is, the path in the country is most likely done with your own hands from improvised materials. To this is added country ingenuity and its own design. The only glass material suitable for laying the track in this case is a bottle. More precisely, a lot of bottles. Where to get them is a task for that very country ingenuity, but let's see how to make the path itself or lay out the original pattern.

First of all, you need to mark the future path or figure. Then, in its place, select soil to a depth approximately corresponding to the height of the bottle. We set the bottles with the bottom to the top, close, filling the gaps between them with earth. After installing a couple of rows, you need to spill the cracks with water so that the earth settles, and add more. After a few good rains, the earth will sink even more, and then you can add sand on top. Of course, it is better not to drop heavy objects on such a path.

This option implies the primacy of aesthetics. The financial side of the issue plays a secondary role. To date, the easiest way to create a beautiful glass path is to fill it with special glass gravel. This is not broken glass, but a material produced under industrial conditions, the granules of which do not have sharp edges and chips, that is, you can safely walk barefoot along such a path.

The cost of glass chips is from $1 to $25 per kg. To backfill a track 10 m long and 0.7 m wide, more than 200 kg of this material will be needed, there is no time for savings. But the effect can be amazing! With well-organized lighting on the site, a shining path will become the main decoration of the yard and garden.

A path is made of glass rubble quickly and easily, just like from rubble or other similar material. First, marking is carried out and the soil is removed to a depth of 10-15 cm. It is convenient to use geotextiles for the bottom layer. It will prevent subsidence of rubble, erosion of the path, and will not allow weeds to germinate. Glass rubble is poured over the geotextile with a layer of about 2.5 cm. And the glass path is ready! A border for such a design can serve as a series of small pebbles of arbitrary shape, which will be in harmony with the surface and give it a complete look.

Larger glass chips are most often used for garden decoration and in combination with other materials.

In addition to these two ways to equip a glass path, there are others. With good financial opportunity some design bureaus may offer you other options, up to custom-made special glass tiles for laying the track.

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Good afternoon, dear masters!

Help advice: what can be done with broken glass? Fragments of different sizes and shapes, transparent, thickness - 3 mm (accumulated in the country for many years). It's time to throw it away, but the hand does not rise.

Mosaic can be done if color.

Oksana! Could you specify in which area you would like to apply it?

mosaic.. ornaments. ?? or decor for giving .. or. or.

I think it will be faster advice)))

I have never worked with glass ..))) but as I understand it, you want to “tinker” with it (I’m speaking kindly! I’m just not capable of such feats ..)

The first thing that came to my mind is that you can sand the sharp edges and, if the size allows, make coasters for glasses and maybe even something to decorate (stick on) .. for example, appliqués made of fabric (.) or leather .. what is at hand I think that my version of skins and glue wherever possible! oh, you would have my mother as an adviser - that’s who doesn’t lose anything in the country, she would quickly attach everything to you!

It definitely won't melt in a fire! The glass will crack and pieces may fly off! It's dangerous, don't do it. I saw interesting garden elements (benches, flower girls) made of cement and bottles.

Oksana, thank you very much. But it seems to me that I have seen melted bottles somewhere, of such an amorphous, crumbled form. How do they do it?

Such tricks with glass require a muffle furnace. The temperature in the fire is not high enough.

Since we have children, all broken glass is taken to a landfill. My husband wanted to add broken glass to the foundation of the greenhouse, but I forbade him - the cement will crumble and wash out over time and sharp corners will be scratched, and if you need to disassemble it, you will suffer.

But the advice with a concrete mixer is excellent))) where to get it.

Hope, thanks for your comment. I agree with you completely about the foundation.

Somewhere I saw a vase pasted over with broken glass. And the photo frames, they were plump, apparently some kind of clay and pieces of colored glass were pressed into it. I liked both, very beautiful and not difficult to manufacture. Oh, and I also saw a huge dragonfly sitting on the slope of the roof in the photo of some dacha group. And her wings are somehow assembled from fragments of colored glass. Awesome thing, all the glasses play in the sun, radiance for the whole dacha.

Glass is pressed into the clay, and then fired, or what? Will glass melt, clay harden? It's also a whole technology. In any case, thanks a lot for the idea.

Never throw glass into a fire! And then how it will crack and scatter in all directions. It won’t seem enough who will stand next to you

Are you serious? And if you make a small depression under the fire, dig a little, put a lot of branches, set fire to it. Let him crack.

Seriously quite! And the hole won't help. Yes, and the fire will not melt the glass when, not that degree.

My girlfriend at the dacha poured cement in front of the porch and pressed the glass into it. I even posted an abstract drawing, very beautiful. And she designed the flower beds like that. Made a border and decorated with glass.

Will they pop up over time? That's the trouble, it's scary to get hurt: the children will mess around - you won't keep track! Here's how to bring it to such a state, as the glass "sharpened", smooth come across on the sea?

"like the sea"- skin. and then if there is a stream nearby there in a woven bag for a month or two or three. I do not remember where, but I read about this method

. By the way! making "sea glass" is a whole business! they sell very well, especially if you first make a hole for the pendant (I saw it on import sites and cost a lot.)

Skinning. How? It will tear the skin! And there is no stream nearby!

Well, I told you about what I read))))

I only understand fur skins

Thank you very much, Angelica!

At my dacha, the borders near the flower beds are made of a concrete roller, pasted over with pebbles on top. Pebbles fall off the water. Cement was diluted with building glue and still gradually collapses. Glass, due to the smoothness of the surface, will have less adhesion than pebbles. I don't think it will be a solid build.

I think so too, Tatyana Mikhailovna. Although, maybe there is a tool that we do not know about.

Oksana, transparent glass can be made colored simply by coating it on one side with aerosol automotive paints, after wrapping it. And then apply for decoration. These paints adhere well enough to glass. Only it is impossible to burn the field of this.

You can glue the glass into the cement mortar with the painted side down, which means that the outside will be a smooth, unpainted surface. The painted side will be visible through the glass and the paint will be inside. So you can keep the color and paint for a long time.

Logically. Thanks, Svetlana.

Alas, the glass is transparent, not colored. I would just do it with him. I would have crushed it - I would have crushed it further to small pieces and used it in the manner of gravel in a solution, biting this concrete somewhere for work. Honestly. Just "zakatalaba in the solution" - having utilized with the benefit of the case. I'll explain why. Firstly- glass is not colored, i.e., less decorative. Secondly, if you paint it, no matter what paint it is, sooner or later under the influence external factors will climb - fade, etc. And, the most important factor Will this glass be worth your effort? It definitely won’t work on all sorts of paths - etc. - it rains, etc. - the solution will wash out over time, if you put something on top with glass - sharp edges will begin to appear - do you need it? Pebbles, etc. are better for this. So, use it as a reinforcing agent for the solution. And do not throw away - and it will come in handy. I don’t advise you to suffer anymore - you will only lose your precious time (during which you would knit something of your splendor), efforts, and the effect of decor with simple glass will not justify these efforts. So you can do something with your glass, but you don’t need to.

Oksana, thanks for the advice.

You are right, Oksana Petrash for all 100. But I also understand Oksana Kostikova very much. I myself have three boxes of broken tiles in my dacha, waiting for something. Hamstering is not curable!

That's for sure! But, I threw the tiles out of the kitchen. True, I tried to polish the drawing with a grinding machine, “update”. There is nowhere to store it in the apartment (repair), but in the country, of course, I would have found a box, and she would have waited in the wings. some years.

OKSANA GLASS MELTS IN A SPECIAL FURNACE FOR FUSING - PLEASURE IS EXPENSIVE))) IT IS NOT POSSIBLE IN A FIRE - I TRIED IN THE OVEN - I READ THAT PEOPLE SUCCESS SOMETHING, BUT Alas. I MADE A MOSAIC ON THE WINDOW FROM SIMPLE GLASSES - CUT IT OUT, GRIND IT BY HAND, THEN I PAINTED WITH STAINED GLASS PAINT AND STICKED - THIS IS CRAZY WORK. YOU WERE ADVISED TO PAINT WITH AEROSOL PAINT AND ON CEMENT OR GLUE YOU CAN DECORATE ANYTHING BY LAYING AN INCOMPLETE PATTERN.

Nelly, many thanks for responding and sharing your experience.

We do not throw away broken ceramics or glass at home. It turns out amazingly beautiful walls (or sections of walls) - a kitchen, a bathroom, and if you have your own house - what a scope for flying! Glass: in our ordinary apartment, when we decided to make 3 out of 2 rooms (separate the bedroom), a wall-partition-stained-glass window appeared (non-colored can be easily painted, as advised above), very simple in execution, then windows were added in the toilet, pantry and kitchen . the effect is amazing when illuminated by the sun or the light is on (multi-colored highlights - you can’t take your eyes off)!.

Make up the glass, stick it on the desired format of ordinary glass, paste it. Sorry I can't attach a photo here.

And we have a dacha neighbor burying broken glass around the perimeter of the site - an excellent remedy for moles! And our molehills on solar panels- do not save. The old grandfather way turned out to be more effective.

And if later you want to plant a hedge along the fence, what should you do with glass?

If there is no time to mess with it, then it is better to give it to someone or throw it away from sin so that no one gets hurt.

And it is better to give someone who will make you some kind of masterpiece from this glass that will please your eye and the eyes of your loved ones.

Lada, I'm already thinking about it. Tomorrow I'll go to the country, I'll take a picture, how much it is and what size, I'll post pictures. Maybe one of the girls will pick it up.

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The topic of waste disposal is very relevant today, and I want to pay attention to glass containers. Its share in urban dumps, as well as in spontaneous dumps in forests, is very significant. This is due to the elementary lack of awareness of the population about the benefits of adding broken glass to concrete solutions. It has been scientifically proven that the addition of broken glass significantly increases the strength of concrete.

So, it took us at least a thousand bottles to concrete the roof of the garage. Picked them up right on the street. If summer residents knew about the benefits of broken glass, then the percentage of bottles in trash cans would be significantly reduced.

The addition of broken glass creates a reliable waterproofing and prolongs the life of the concrete. But you need to take precautions when breaking bottles. You need to wear goggles and hit in a container, in a bucket for example. It is most convenient to grind glass between two bricks.

Please pay attention to this issue. You just need to inform the population, talk to them, explain the inadmissibility of throwing away, for example, batteries with food waste, and so on. It's all about good organization.

Tatiana Lanskaya

Northern summer resident: I have never heard of a roof being concreted in this way, but everything related to the foundation, steps, home-made garden tiles, etc. quite fair. So far, here is some prefabricated everyday experience:

1. "From personal experience I know that any glass containers and even broken glass can be used in the manufacture of floors on the ground. For this, a special hole is dug with a depth of not more than 20 centimeters. Then it is covered with any glass. In this case, all broken glass acts as a filler. The floor itself is laid on top of the glass. Do not forget that in this case, glass containers can become the most reliable protection against various living creatures, for example, from moles. Empty bottles can replace even the highest quality insulation. Previously, in the construction of country houses, only empty bottles. They were laid in continuous layers under the floor. They were also used when laying out a concrete blind area.

2. “The only, somewhat acceptable and in a safe way use of broken glass in construction, I would call its use in the drainage layer under the foundations. That is, you can pour pre-crushed glass together with sand and gravel into a pillow for pouring the foundation. Why is it undesirable to use it as a filler in concrete solutions (instead of crushed stone)? Because glass, unlike crushed stone, is smooth, therefore, its adhesion to the cement-sand mixture will be insufficient. Thus, the resulting concrete will be weaker than that made on the basis of pure crushed stone.

3. “It is possible to dispose of cullet, using for laying the foundation, using binders, in the form of a solution with the addition of 1 part of M400 cement, 2 portions of sand and one part of cullet. The bottles must be carefully broken so that their fragments, such as the neck, do not remain intact, which may not be filled with a solution, so that reliable foundation strength will not be achieved. And from whole bottles, foaming each neck, you can build a fence. So, you should not throw away such an economical and environmentally friendly building material.”

4. “We also found a lot of glass containers in our country house. When the bathhouse was being set up, a neighbor advised to cover the underground under the bathhouse with empty glass bottles, having previously dug a hole in the form of a cone. Here on the slopes of this cone and lay out the bottles with their necks down, simply drowning them in the ground. What gives such a device: firstly, water flows down and does not accumulate under the floor, as a result, the wooden floor is less prone to rotting, and secondly, the glass heats up when we heat the bathhouse and retains heat for a long time - the floors in the bathhouse become warmer " .

5. “Indeed, glass containers are often used in construction, if any. If you have the desire and a sufficient amount of time, and perhaps most importantly, patience, then it can be mixed with screenings and poured into concrete. Most importantly, glass containers must first be crushed very well. The unground version for use in concrete is not a good option. For grinding, as an option, you can use a concrete mixer necessarily filled with water, so that glass fragments do not fly out of it when turning.

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Glass - amazing stuff, which arose thousands of years ago from molten sand in the mouth of a volcano, is now used in many areas of human life. Designers and architects are happy to use this aesthetic, environmentally friendly and functional building material in their projects, creating expressive “mirror-glass” buildings. Designers have also found the use of glass in landscape design.

Glass crushed stone is widely used in the arrangement of drainage systems, as backfills when laying slabs for pavements, as well as backfilling soil sinuses near stone walls. Due to its decorative qualities, glass is often used to decorate flower beds and garden paths. The glass fragments used to decorate the site, of course, do not have sharp edges.

Glass fragments and decorative sand are made in special glass grinders by intense crushing and friction, in which sharp edges are simply erased.

The main advantage of glass is its ability to refract light, thanks to which the compositions created from it shimmer and "play" in the sun's rays. Glass is perfectly combined with plants and at the same time does not cause any harm to them, since it is a chemically inert material.

The key benefit of this inorganic backfill is its long service life. It does not crumble, does not fade and retains an attractive appearance over several seasons.

The paths covered with glass chips look amazing at any time of the day, mysteriously gleaming in the first rays of the sun, playing with all the colors of the rainbow at noon and solemnly sparkling against the background of the setting sun.

One of good examples A successful application of glass rubble in the design of the territory is the work of landscape architect Andy Kao. In one of his projects, "Glass Garden in Echo Park", he designed garden paths with crushed bottle glass. Brown, and terraces - with transparent granules of green and blue hues. The grainy glass surface successfully emphasizes the unusual texture of winding paths, ponds and flower beds with exotic plants.

Depending on the weather and time of day, the appearance of glass granules changes. But still, glass scattering on the paths looks most attractive after rain.

Glass elements of landscape design go well with natural environment, thanks to which a stunning effect of the penetration of "artificial" into "natural" is created.

The Italian landscape designer Pino Signoretto used large glass blocks to decorate garden paths, laying out retaining walls from them.

Glass paths are able to fit perfectly into the surrounding landscape. Visually linking different parts of the garden, they create a single picturesque picture.

Out of season, glass covers are an excellent substitute for flowers, and during the season they serve as a pleasant addition to them.

When making the tracks, melted glass fragments with a diameter of 0.3-5 millimeters are used, which can be purchased in specialized stores. On average, the cost of such dumping varies in the range from $ 1-25 per kilogram. When choosing a material for filling, it is better to give preference to colored glass chips, since colorless fragments can simply “get lost” against the background of the lush colors of the garden.

The only drawback of the material is that it is very problematic to remove wood litter and accumulated debris from the surface.

Colored glass granules are better to decorate the tracks placed on open area and not under the canopy of trees

The device of the track from glass granules takes place in several stages:

1. Markup. With the help of a rope and wooden pegs, we outline the contours of the future track.
2. Digging a pit. On a site with a marked border, we remove the top layer of soil 10-15 centimeters deep, forming the so-called bed.
3. Geotextile laying. We carefully tamp the bottom of the pit and cover it with non-woven material, which will prevent glass granules from “sagging” into the ground and slow down the germination of weeds.
4. Filling decoration. On the prepared base we pour a layer 2.5-3 centimeters thick of glass gravel.

Crushed glass filling tends to silt over time. The reason for this is its mixing with fine particles of sand and soil. A layer of geotextile will help prevent silting and prolong the life of the backfill.

Although a scattering of glass pellets acts as a mulch, retaining moisture and driving away snails, it cannot completely protect the surface from weeds.

Treating the top layer of turf with a chemical herbicide such as Hurricane, Tornado or Roundup will help prevent weeds from growing through the backfill on the surface of the path.

If the garden path sags a little over time, then just add a second layer of granules. Caring for such a path consists only in periodically raking glass pieces with a rake.

A more economical option for arranging paths involves the use of old glass bottles.

Stained glass bottles can serve as the basis for filling the surface of the tracks, as well as creating original bumpers.

Creating an interesting pattern on the bottle path is quite simple:

1. With the help of pegs, we outline the boundaries of the future track.
2. We dig a ditch along the outlined contour with a shovel, deepening half a bayonet.
3. We fill the dug trench by 2/3 with a layer of dry sand.
4. We lay out the pattern by pressing the bottles into the sand with their necks down.

When arranging the path, the bottles should be pressed into the sand so that the result is a flat surface. When composing patterns, experiment with colors and shapes - the more shades you use, the more colorful the track will turn out. Having laid out the pattern, the voids between the bottles should be filled with soil or sand.

To give the laid out path the most even surface, take a flat board and lay it on the pattern laid out from bottle bottoms. Walk around the board a few times. This will evenly distribute the load over the entire surface.

An excellent frame for glass paths will be low flower beds of drought-resistant plants and succulents. These plants are able to benefit from the proximity to glass and are not afraid to get burned from a lot of glare.

As a curb for such paths, small stones of arbitrary shape, laid out in rows, can also act. They will perfectly harmonize with the surface and give the track a complete look.

Thanks to such luxurious paths, even the most unremarkable area can be transformed into glass multicolor.

Great if there is an opportunity to highlight the glass surface. With well-organized lighting, the path flickering in the rays of street lamps will become a real dominant of the landscape.

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Obtaining various types of building materials based on natural and technogenic glasses makes it possible to completely utilize cullet.

The issue of developing compositions and technologies for obtaining building materials based on industrial and household waste for many years, and especially in Lately, excites the minds of researchers working in the field of building materials. Binding materials, concretes and products using various slags, sludges, ashes, wood chips, as well as construction wastes generated during the demolition and reconstruction of buildings and structures have already been used. But the researchers don't stop there. After all, the relevance of the development of compositions and materials with their use is dictated not only by environmental, but also by economic factors.

IN last years Along with the already known and traditional in a certain sense waste, the disposal of unsorted cullet of artificial (technogenic) glass or cullet is of particular interest. The fact is that the marriage or broken glass formed during production is in most cases reused by the same factories. Such glass has a stable (within the framework of this technology) chemical composition and is used in the process of batch melting. Unsorted cullet of various types of glass (window, container, optical, etc.) has a fairly wide range of chemical composition. Plus, foreign impurities are possible, the ingress of which into the raw mixture is not permissible if it is desirable to obtain glass with a certain composition or quality. Therefore, unsorted cullet, which is formed in huge quantities in dumps and landfills, still does not find proper use.

It should be noted that from an environmental point of view, glass is considered the most difficult waste to dispose of. It is not subject to destruction under the influence of water, atmosphere, solar radiation, frost. In addition, glass is a corrosion-resistant material that does not collapse under the influence of an overwhelming amount of strong and weak organic, mineral and bioacids, salts, as well as fungi and bacteria. Therefore, if organic waste (paper, food waste etc.) completely decompose after 1-3 years, polymeric materials - after 5-20 years, then glass, like steel, can be preserved without much damage for tens and even hundreds of years.

Volumes of unused cullet, according to the Institute secondary resources, amounted to more than 2.5 million tons in 2000. One by one only Krasnoyarsk Territory more than 1650 tons have accumulated in the dumps. Among the variety of urban waste, cullet occupies one of the leading places, more than 20% of the total.

Many leading research centers in Russia, the CIS countries and abroad have been actively working in the field of cullet recycling in recent years. So, for example, in the USA, $444 million (!)

For more than fifteen years at the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (former MISI) at the Department of Technology of Finishing and Insulating Materials (TOIM), inventors Yu.P. Gorlov, A.P. Merkin, V.Yu. Burov, B.M. Rumyantsev are developing compositions and technologies for obtaining various types of building materials based on natural and man-made glasses. These materials do not involve the use of traditional binders (such as cement, lime, gypsum) or aggregates and allow complete recycling of cullet.

The energy-saving technology for manufacturing materials based on cullet is extremely simple, does not require special equipment, and allows organizing production on free areas of existing construction industry enterprises without significant capital investments.

After sorting, crushing, grinding and dispersing into fractions, glass can be considered fully prepared for the production of building materials. Fractions of cullet more than 5 mm are used in concrete as a coarse aggregate, fine fractions (less than 5 mm) are used as fine aggregate sand, and finely ground powder is used as a binder.

Since cullet, when mixed with water, does not exhibit astringent properties, in order for the hydration reaction to begin, it is necessary to use an activator in the form of a compound alkali metal. In an alkaline environment, cullet is hydrated with the formation of silicic acids, which, upon reaching certain values ​​of the acidity of the medium, begin to turn into a gel. And the gel, being compacted, solidifies large and small aggregate fractions. The result is a dense, strong and durable silicate conglomerate - glass concrete.

Curing of materials made on the basis of cullet can occur both under normal temperature and humidity conditions at 20 ° C, and at temperatures of 40-50 ° C under air-dry conditions, and to give them special desired properties - under conditions of heat and moisture treatment at 85 ± 5e C or at elevated temperatures 300-400°C.

Author's certificates and patents have been obtained for the compositions of binder compositions, concrete mixtures, as well as the method for producing porous concrete (A.S. 1073208, 1112724, application for Pat. 2001135106).

Glass cullet materials meet the relevant requirements current GOSTs. Moreover, they are not inferior in their general construction and functional properties to modern similar materials based on traditional binders. And in a number of indicators, such as biostability, thermal conductivity, acid resistance, they even surpass them.

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broken fragments can be poured into the foundation.

to make double-glazed windows of their bullshit glass is probably not an option - just like shop windows - the glass is old, jarred, crooked, etc.

glass processing - HZ - not at all in the subject.

you can make greenhouses, you just need to come up with something like double-glazed windows, but again, too much material will go to the frames - polycarbonate is better.

you can try glass mosaics, but you still have to polish the old glass.

you can polish glass, wash and make windows for baths and saunas - there you can mat both surfaces, although I don’t know how it’s done.
frost glass and do crafts.

They draw on glass.
Microscope slides are also made somehow.

Aquariums can be glued! It's not common, but it's expensive.
You can stir up glass tables, shelves, but it's easier and cheaper from new glass.

Grandmothers make windows in villages - a penny
Making greenhouses for grandmothers in the villages is really a penny.

Sandblasted glass.

Glass used in double-glazed windows - M1, i.e. per 1 sq.m. no more than one joint is allowed, and then, barely distinguishable. And from the USSR, M4 and worse remained in our windows. Even during vertical standing, the glass may slightly deform. And it is about 3-3.5 mm, when 4 mm is used in double-glazed windows.
You can’t even talk about any glasses for a microscope - it must be perfectly even!

How less people reached, the more solid it looks, and the more serious the expression on the face.

I have been working in the glass industry (manufacturing) for over 10 years. I can authoritatively state - if in tons, then only a battle, an almost flourishing glass factory will tear off with its hands, and a non-thriving glass cullet will produce itself: icon_mrgreen: All other processing methods will simply be unprofitable, as mentioned above.

Good afternoon, I want to start processing glass (a lot of broken dishes, glasses, bottles, etc.), that is, buy a crusher and sell crushed raw materials., tell me how profitable and in demand it will be? Thank you in advance.

if this is colored glass, then you have almost a treasure in your hands, you don’t need to sell it as a battle.

here's an idea for you. processing technology is simple and primitive. in stores, Chinese imitation is expensive. also on aliexpress

this is the only way I know of to recycle glass, other than selling it to a factory for a penny.

You can sell to designers for remelting as a battle (even if whole), or carry out design orders yourself

no, there are a lot of complications.

firstly, they themselves know where to take the fight.

secondly, glass from different manufacturers from different batches, after sintering and remelting, it often just bursts

therefore, none of them will simply take a mixed battle for these purposes

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Glass is an amazing material that appeared many years ago from molten sand in the crater of a volcano. Even today, landscape designers and architects often use it in their compositions.

Glass rubble, as a rule, is used when equipping drainage systems. It is also used as backfilling of soil sinuses near stone walls. In addition, glass rubble is often used as a decorative material for decorating garden paths and decorating flower beds. Glass particles used for decoration do not have sharp corners.

Colored glass fragments and decorative sand are made in glass grinders. In them, intensive crushing and friction of glass occurs, as a result of which sharp edges are erased and smooth pieces of material are obtained.

The main advantage of glass is the refraction of light. Due to the refraction of light, glass compositions shimmer beautifully and “play” in the sun. Glass can harmonize perfectly with different types plants without harming them. A feature of glass is that it has a long service life, does not fade, does not crumble and looks attractive for several seasons.

The paths, which are covered with glass chips, look amazing at any time of the day. In the sun, the glass pieces gleam in different colors, giving the garden a certain personality.

Walkways made of glass can perfectly fit into the exterior of your garden plot. By visually linking different parts of the garden, paths can create a cohesive picture.

Type 1 - Crushed glass backfill. For the design of garden paths, melted glass fragments are used, the size of which is 0.3-5 mm. Such fragments can be bought in specialized stores. The price of such dumping is in the range of 1-25 dollars per kilogram. When choosing material for backfilling, you should give preference to colored glass chips, because against the backdrop of a colorful garden, colorless pieces of glass can be dull and do not stand out. The disadvantage of this material is that it is difficult to remove debris from the surface of such a backfill.

Paths that are located in an open area, not under trees, are best decorated with multi-colored glass granules. You can equip the path with multi-colored glass granules as follows:

Crushed glass dumping may eventually become silted due to mixing with soil and sand. In order to prevent silting, geotextiles are laid. It is also able to retain moisture and repel snails, but it is not able to prevent weeds from sprouting.

When the track sags over time, a second layer of granules should be poured.

Type 2 - "Second life" for glass bottles. A cheaper option to equip paths is to use old glass bottles to decorate it. Colored glass bottles can decorate not only garden paths, but also become the basis of original bumpers. Creating a beautiful pattern on the path is easy:

• Mark the boundaries of the track using pegs. Dig a ditch with a shovel.
• Fill the trench that was dug by 2/3 with sand.
• Lay out the pattern using bottles, pressing them into the sand with their necks down. Press the bottles in so that they are the same height. In addition, you can experiment with colors and shapes. The more shades of bottles, the more colorful the track will be.
• The void between the bottles should be filled with sand or soil.

To make the bottle path even, you can put a board on it and walk, then the load will be evenly distributed over the surface.

Thanks to such amazing paths made of colored glass, even the most nondescript area will look great. With the right arrangement of lanterns, the paths will sparkle and fit perfectly into the landscape of your garden plot.

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Every year, tons of garbage are left in suburban areas. Often they "settle" in neighboring ravines and on the edges of forests. How to organize country life in such a way as to leave behind a minimum of waste and not harm the environment?

We all strive for perfect order in our suburban estates, creating there "paradise" for work and leisure. But not all summer residents are conscious and strictly observe the commandment that nature must be loved and protected from pollution by household waste.

There is no need to look far for examples of a soulless and disregard for forests, ravines and fields turned into landfills by summer residents. It is enough to drive a few tens of kilometers from major cities to see this mess with your own eyes. How to benefit from household waste, we will tell in the article.

Almost every summer resident is wondering what to do with plant and household waste so as not to pollute his site? Not all gardening associations are equipped with containers for collecting garbage, which is regularly taken out. Many irresponsible landowners, despite the prohibitions of the environmental police, got the hang of littering with rotten vegetables and fruits, tops, cut tree branches and out of order household appliances nearby forests, ravines and fields. This is a crime not only in relation to nature, but also to ourselves, to our health.

But even the garbage that remained on the site after construction work can always be used in personal households:

• pieces of concrete will be an excellent base for a blind area around the house or garden path. They can also be used to create a concrete base for a stove, fireplace or car platform;
• broken brick, which remained unclaimed during the construction process, can be used as a decor for a flower bed, on paths in the garden or near the house;
• formwork boards, cleaned of cement chips, will be used in the construction of a greenhouse or a compost pit crate;
• sawdust with shavings will perform the function of mulch in flowerbeds and beds. They can also be used as one of the mineral components of the compost;
• broken glass, if there are no appropriate containers on an individual plot or in a horticultural cooperative, it is advisable to collect and take it to the city for disposal;
• metal rods and fittings can be used as supports or guides near flower and berry bushes;
• it is good to tie bushes of red and black currants with aluminum or steel wire;
• it is advisable to ignite old nails, paint cans or canned food on a fire, and then bury them under apple trees as a metal-containing fertilizer.

Broken brick paths look natural and reliable

The harvest of tomatoes and cucumbers mainly takes place at the end of summer. Both of these plants are susceptible to phytophthora infection, so sending their tops to the compost pit is quite risky, since you can infect the ripening substrate with the infection.

Sometimes vegetable tops are used to create warm beds.

In order not to burden yourself with the removal of tops to a landfill, it is advisable to spread the grass in a sunny clearing, let it dry and burn it in late September or early October. And the resulting ash should be used in the next summer season to feed the vegetation.

As for rotten apples and their rotting in compost pits, there is no consensus among summer residents. Some argue that fallen fruits can be placed in compost heaps, others advise burying them separately somewhere in remote corners of the garden. However, neither the first nor the second gardeners ever complained that the soil in which tens or even hundreds of kilograms of apples had rotted began to bear fruit worse or turned out to be infected with microbes.

The compost bin is versatile dumpster us your area

Each gardener has the right to independently decide how to deal with excess perishable fruit in the harvest year.

Sawn branches of trees and shrubs can also be used. Thin branches, if dried a little, can be burned at the stake, and the ashes can be used as fertilizer for the soil.

Thicker branches will make excellent fuel for home stoves or fireplaces. When burned, they emit a pleasant fruity odor. Having carefully cut the branches into equal parts, it is advisable to put them in a woodpile for several months so that they dry out. Freshly cut branches of apple and pear trees burn slowly.

From a piece of an old trunk you can make a bird feeder

Tall and even branches can be used in country needs in the form of props for various shrubs. The sawing process is, of course, a laborious task, but a good and thoughtful owner cannot do without it.

Leaf fall in summer cottages begins in late September - early October. It usually rains during these months, and it is not always possible to burn dry leaves.

To give it a chance to dry, lay out the leaves, leaving them for the winter under canopies, and they will not get wet.

Dry foliage in itself is an excellent fertilizer and insulates plantings.

With the onset of spring, last year's foliage should be burned in a well-equipped fire pit or in an old metal barrel. Ashes will be an excellent "spring" fertilizer.

Compost pits are designed to rot plant and food waste. It is desirable to build them in shady corners of the garden, on the borders of the plots, since annoying insects always circle around rotting vegetation: wasps, flies and mosquitoes.

To avoid conflicts with neighbors due to the “clouds” of insects and the smell of decay, it has become fashionable to cover compost pits with frames entwined with vines or other climbing ornamental plants.

It is better to strengthen the bottom of the pit with a clay base or put a thick plastic film on the ground. The crate can be made from boards or from slate sheets (i.e. the same household waste).

Layers of grass clippings, sawdust with shavings, weeds, food waste, eggshells, rotten fruit, bird droppings, or large feces should be stored in a compost sandwich. cattle: cows, goats, horses.

The collected waste should be watered regularly to accelerate the decomposition of biological products. In spring, the soil formed in the compost pit will be an excellent fertilizer for beds and fertilizing fruit trees and shrubs.

Neat fence for garden beds plastic bottles

We have already learned how to make various decorative "curiosities" from empty plastic bottles that adorn our gardens. Juice and beer bottles, half buried in the ground, are used to line flowerbeds and beds, and bottles filled with water have become a replacement for cobblestones and serve to hold removable plastic wrap or spunbond over various plantings in windy weather.

In order not to turn the neighborhood into a scrap metal dump, think about how you can use leaky bathtubs or leaky pots, non-working refrigerators or washing machines on the farm.

Children's locker from a non-working refrigerator

Craftsmen skillfully turn refrigerators into stoves for burning garbage or heating country houses. Washing machines become original lockers or bedside tables, repainted pots are buried in the ground and flowers are planted in them, mini-ponds are equipped in the bathtubs. The metal base at the same time saturates the earth with iron.

On the outskirts of many villages in the Czech Republic, Poland, Germany, you can often see feeders filled with hay for forest animals: roe deer, goats, elk or deer. Local peasants deliberately mow their possessions in the summer, but they do not destroy the hay, but carefully store it until winter, when our smaller brothers have hungry times.

Maintaining a non-waste country economy is beneficial and cost-effective for every zealous owner. After all, this is how we do not litter the environment, protect nature and live in harmony with it.

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To diversify the landscape design of the cottage, you can make a pretty garden path or picturesque fence for a flower bed. At the same time, it is not necessary to use expensive building materials - a sharp-witted summer resident will come to the aid of various improvised things that can be given a second life.

One of these affordable and original materials for a track or an elegant border are ordinary glass bottles from under wine, champagne or beer. Let's look at the strengths and weak sides glass containers, as well as options for laying a glass path or fence.

• Main positive quality- this is the cheapness and availability of such material. Finding empty bottles is not difficult, and using them is much more profitable than buying expensive paving stones, stone or clinker.
• The next advantage: glass bottles go well with any natural elements of the country landscape, especially with grass and flowers. The combination of glass and plants is considered the most successful type of penetration of artificial material into the natural environment.
• At the same time, glass absolutely does not harm the local flora and is safe for health, as it is an environmentally friendly and chemically inert substance.
• It is also important that glass bottles are decorative, transparent and very aesthetic, they can refract or reflect light in an interesting way.
• Another advantage is the functionality of glass containers: bottles are durable, do not fade or fade over time, are not afraid of rain or frost, and retain their appearance for a long time. The strength of bottles, especially from champagne, is also very decent: in combination with cement, they even build greenhouses and small houses!
• Finally, this is a fairly simple and reliable installation of a glass path or frame. In addition, if necessary, one or two bottles can always be easily replaced.

• Glass is a rather fragile thing, so you can not drop heavy objects on top of it. If the glass breaks, you can get hurt. By the way, you can gently mow the grass near the bottles without problems, they will not crack from this.
• It should also be remembered that the glass surface conducts heat, heats up from the sun, although this is not critical.
• Another disadvantage is that the bottles can get dirty, for example, after rain, but they are easily washed out of the hose during watering.
• Sometimes a weed grows right between the bottles, then it is difficult to get it out of there. This is where herbicides come in handy.
• As for the seasonal factor (sometimes after the winter the bottles can “disperse” due to subsidence of the soil), then with the correct packing of the container, this problem can be avoided or the fence can be quickly corrected.

To start choose bottles similar in texture and size. Champagne or wine bottles are best suited for these purposes, although beer containers will also work. Usually bottles of the same color are selected, but if necessary, they can be spray-painted or filled with bulk material of the desired shade. Perhaps you would like a set of multi-colored bottles more, thanks to which you can create an interesting pattern.

It should be noted that, unlike the curb, the track will need a relatively large amount of source material. For example, the diameter of a champagne bottle in the wide part is about 8.5 cm. Taking into account the gaps of about 1.0-2.0 cm, about 100 pieces are needed per 1 sq.m of the path. such a container. The diameter of a half-liter beer container is on average 6.8 cm, respectively, 140-150 units will go to the "square" of the area. containers.

Mark the perimeter of your future path using pegs and twine for this, and if the path is planned to be winding, then use a rubber hose. The optimal width of the path in the garden or between flower beds is 50-70 cm.

Now along the marked contour dig a ditch approximately to the height of the glass containers, almost to the bottoms, but so that they eventually protrude a little (by several centimeters) above the horizon.

Tamp well and level the base. In a dug trench, pour some small gravel to the bottom, compress everything and level it. Then up to half or up to 2/3 of the groove fill in a layer of soil or sand, only while dry, so that it is easier to “screw” the bottles.

For extra strength fill bottles with fine gravel or sand.

After push bottles upside down, for which you can gently knock them out with a rubber mallet or mallet. Leave the gaps small or even put the container back to back. Make sure that the top of the bottles is in the same plane, for which use a small, flat board.

Having installed the bottles, slightly pour the bedding in the gaps and along the edges with water, then carefully tamp all the cracks with a stick. Fill the remaining gaps tightly with sand or earth again, pour the bedding again, wait until it settles, compress everything, and then add it to the top.

Instead of sand, the upper gaps between the bottoms can be covered with a layer of fine gravel or decorative pebbles, it will be very beautiful.

Alternative. From above, the gaps between the bottles, as well as along the edges, can be grabbed with cement mortar. Although this is more laborious, it is also the most reliable glass path forming method, and the weeds will not annoy.

The work process is similar, only a small formwork from the boards is also needed. In this case, the gaps between the bottles can be taken more - up to 2-4 cm. After the initial instillation, leveling the bottles and tamping the filling, the gaps between the bottoms are filled with a solution of sand and liquid cement in a ratio of 3: 1. You can add 1 part of ceramic tile adhesive to this mixture.

In a flower bed, along the path or between the beds, it looks very nice small elegant fence made of glass bottles. It is especially beautiful if lush greenery grows inside such a frame.

Unlike paths, bottles for a fence or curb are not dug in to the bottom, but about half.

As a rule, the edging is formed from vertically dug bottles in one row (less often in two), while the trench is dug with a depth of no more than half the bayonet of a shovel.

For the usual fencing of the garden, lawn or flower garden it is enough to simply "by eye" dig the bottles into the soil or into the sandy backfill. A groove is dug up to half the height of the glass container along the contour of the flower bed, bottles are placed one at a time tightly to each other, then soil or sand is gradually poured on both sides, everything is carefully rammed. The land must be cleared, without weeds. Bottles for the fence can be placed in one even row, or you can alternate them: set the first bottle higher, the second a little lower, digging it deeper, and so on.

And here the curb along the edges of the walking path can be grabbed for mortar. First, mark out such a fence using pegs and twine, then align the container along the cord. It will be more convenient to first fill the prepared groove with cement, but not to the brim, wait until it sets a little, then carefully set the bottles. The container must be plugged or filled with loose material so that the solution does not get inside.

According to another method, the bottles are dug into the ground one by one up to half the groove (a quarter of the height of the container), and then cement is then poured along the edges of the trench.

glass bottle border best suited for a regular dirt path, for a green lawn alley, or for any path in the form of an infill, such as sand or fine gravel.

Any glass utensil looks beautiful if you fill it with tinted sand with pieces of foil, small pebbles or colored gravel. This is a very nice design decision, especially if the bottles are colorless. So you add the necessary color to the fence, and from the outside your flower bed will look very, very original. Bottles can also be easily painted if desired.

There is another highlight - put bottles upside down. At the same time, they can be dug in not only vertically, but also at a slight slope. Just for this, pick up neat identical plugs for containers. It is recommended to tie the top of the necks around the entire perimeter with a colored rope or even a metal chain.

We wish you creative inspiration and successful work in the country!

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Glass recycling is an important industry in waste disposal, necessary to protect the environment and conserve natural resources. However, in Russia this area is poorly developed and most of the glass is not processed. About why it is necessary to carry out the processing of glass waste and how this processing is done, this article.

Hand over glass bottles, cullet to collection points for further processing necessary for a number of reasons:

1. Glass is not biodegradable. A simple glass soda bottle has a decomposition time of 1000 years or more. It is clear that without the disposal and recycling of glass, our entire planet would be completely filled with glass waste in a short period.
2. Glass products are fragile, broken glass that gets into the environment poses a threat to both animals and people.
3. Soil contaminated with glass is unfavorable for vegetation growth.
4. Reuse of glass containers and cullet saves natural (exhaustible and non-renewable) resources. So, for example, the use of 10% cullet helps save gas by 3%. If a person engaged in the production of glass products uses only broken glass in his enterprise, he will thereby reduce gas consumption by 30%.
5. In Russia, a relatively small share of glass waste is recycled. But even this amount of recycled waste saves about 10,000 hectares of land that could turn into huge landfills.
6. Glass containers and cullet are fully recyclable materials, that is, glass recycling is waste-free, which is extremely important for protecting the environment from the negative impact of industrial and other enterprises.
7. Apart from natural gas, the reuse of this kind of waste allows you to save more than 1 ton of such materials used in the production as limestone, soda, sand.
8. People who hand over glass containers to collection points receive money for this.

Important! Glass recycling is necessary, first of all, to protect our ecology, to save natural resources and to produce cheaper glass products and materials.

The main types of recyclable glass waste include:

1. Glass containers: glass jars and bottles. Usually people collect bottles and hand them over to specialized points that receive glass. Then the glass containers are processed in order to reuse. At the same time, it is washed, treated with disinfectant solutions, after which the glass container can again be used as a container for drinks.
2. Cullet - broken glass containers.

Glass cullet is classified according to color. For example, green cullet (GS), colorless cullet (BS), brown (KS), etc.

Note! All glass materials of different products are produced on the basis of the same substances (as mentioned earlier, sand, soda, lime are used). However, various impurities are added to a number of glass products (for example, windows, light bulbs), the surface of many products is also treated with various special coatings. For this reason, only the glass of bottles and cans can be recycled.

Recycling glass at home is feasible, but it requires some time and effort. Such recycling implies, first of all, the processing of whole glass containers for reuse. To do this, it is necessary to thoroughly rinse the glass containers, treat them with disinfectants available at home or specially purchased in the store, after which rinse the treated containers with clean running water with special care. After these steps, cans and bottles can be reused without any harm to health.

An interesting question is how to dispose of glass at home.

Broken glass can be processed independently. However, this will take much more time. Let's take an example.

At home, glass can be processed into tiles (with enough glass material). For the manufacture of tiles, only three components are needed: glass, dyes and binders. Glass (cullet) must be crushed, then dyes should be added to the glass mass to obtain the desired color of the tile and a binder, then pour the mixture into desired shape and leave to harden for a while, after which the tile will be ready for use. This tile is best suited for bathroom and kitchen walls.

Utilization and processing of cullet is a step-by-step process consisting of the following main stages:

• glass waste collection;
• transportation of collected waste to a glass processing plant;
• separation, purification from various impurities, waste washing;
• grinding glass on special equipment, grinding small pieces into powder;
• packaging of produced glass powder for subsequent use.

Recycling glass bottles (or rather, defective and broken bottles) directly at the glass container production plant itself is a competent and rational waste disposal. Let's see how this process is carried out.

1. Stage one. Separation from cullet of all non-glass components. Grinding the battle and separating the remaining metal parts with the help of magnets. Separation of plastic and paper components from the crushed mixture in vacuum processes.
2. Stage two. Sending the resulting mixture for the secondary production of containers. The cullet is added to the feedstock (lime, soda, etc.), then the mixture is stirred and converted (at 1500 o C) into a glass fraction.
3. Stage three. Pouring glass mass into molding containers, blowing new bottles.

The quality of this recycled bottle corresponds to the quality of a bottle made from 100% fresh raw materials. The use of cullet in the production of glass containers significantly saves energy.

Large glass processing plants in Russia: RSK company (in St. Petersburg, Yaroslavl and other cities), Utility, etc.

Modern fairly wealthy enterprises use such basic glass processing equipment as:

• automatic systems that sort cullet by color and shade;
• containers for sorted fighting;
• sinks for dirty fighting with paper remnants;
• different types of filter sieves;
• electromagnetic and vacuum equipment;
• crushers;
• belt conveyor;
• packaging systems.

Glass containers and cullet are usually accepted by collection points located in most Russian cities. Such points are organized individual entrepreneurs, since glass is a recyclable material that is profitable to sell to factories for the manufacture of glass products. Also, containers and cullet are accepted by the companies involved in glass processing and/or production of glass products.

Perhaps, everyone once thought about how much crushed glass costs as a recyclable.

Glass containers and cullet are bought by many companies for further use as a secondary raw material. Glass prices in our country are low. So, for 1 bottle you can get from 10 kopecks to 2 rubles. The fight can be sold on average for 3000 - 4000 rubles per 1 ton, depending on the type.

On glass waste you can build great business. Such waste can be used by entrepreneurs in the production of sanitary ware from ceramics, bricks, glass powders, fine-grained concrete, heat insulators, etc. At the same time, it is not necessary to create a large enterprise, you can open a mini-factory for the manufacture of products from cullet. An actual business idea is the production of tiles from glass waste.

How to properly organize a glass waste recycling business, how this processing should be carried out, is described in the next video.

Glass processing in Russia is a very urgent problem today. The amount of waste is constantly increasing, and the development of glass processing industries is poorly carried out. Therefore, a glass waste recycling business can be a solution to this difficult environmental and economic challenge.

Thus, the processing of glass containers and cullet is not only an activity aimed at protecting our ecology, but also promising business, for the development of which it is necessary, among other things, governmental support. As a business, glass waste recycling is profitable and sustainable if managed properly.

Glass to order is an indispensable material in the production of dishes, building materials, furniture and interior items. However, glass has one big drawback - it is very fragile and crumbles easily. Large and small fragments have sharp edges that are easy to cut. Once inside the human body, glass fragments can cause bleeding, and glass dust that settles in the lungs remains there forever and leads to serious illness. Due to the great danger to human health, the disposal of glass fragments has certain difficulties.

Glass practically does not decompose in natural conditions, since the main component in its manufacture is sand.

What can be done with broken glass, and how can it be properly disposed of or recycled without causing damage to the environment?

If the volumes of broken glass are small and you have creative potential, you can use fragments to decorate the interior. Shards of flat glass are suitable for making stained glass windows. For their coloring, you can use stained glass paints or colored adhesive film. From small fragments, you can make a mosaic and decorate a vase or flower pot with them. At the same time, one must not forget about safety precautions when working with glass.

The use of broken glass to decorate the garden in the form of mosaic borders is not recommended, as the glass may eventually crumble from the bonding base and fall into the ground. Some also advise burying glass shards around the perimeter of a garden area or using it as filler when building a house foundation, as this is an effective way to control moles and rats. But these ways of using broken glass also carry a serious potential threat to humans.

The best way to use broken glass in construction is to crush it and add it to the cement mortar. Glass fragments for grinding can be loaded into a concrete mixer by adding water, sand and gravel. This method of processing cullet makes it possible to produce small glass chips with rounded edges, which will serve as excellent thermal insulation during the construction of the foundation, and also increase the strength of concrete. Processed glass chips can be an alternative to sand and gravel.

The same method of processing broken glass in a concrete mixer is also suitable for obtaining the so-called sea glass. In its natural form, this glass is found on sea coasts. It has good decorative properties and smooth edges on the entire surface. This allows the wide use of "sea glass" for the manufacture of jewelry and mosaics of any type.

If the volumes of cullet are large (usually in construction and in the production of window structures), then it is best to hand over glass fragments to cullet dealers. Firms that buy up broken glass then resell it to glass factories.

Custom glass can be 100% recycled, saving natural resources. Recycled glass can replace up to 95% of raw materials in the glass industry. Each ton of recycled glass allows you to save a little less than a ton of natural materials used in its manufacture. Energy costs in the production of raw glass are reduced by 2–3% for every 10% cullet in the material's recipe. At the same time, recycled glass is a much cheaper raw material than natural components. Thus, glass recycling is a very environmentally friendly process.

Another option for using broken glass in large volumes is the manufacture of glass tiles. Glass fragments are crushed in a crusher, mixed with dyes and polyester resin, then poured into special molds of various sizes and textures. When pouring glass, a vacuum is created to eliminate air bubbles in the finished tile. The resulting facing tiles can be used for finishing kitchens, bathrooms and even exterior facades of houses. This glass tile manufacturing technology is a good idea for small and medium-sized businesses, since the cost of raw materials and equipment is low, and the cost of its imported counterparts is quite high.

If you apply the creativity of each person, then broken glass is an indispensable material in all kinds of folk art products, ranging from building materials, where broken glass can be added to concrete for greater strength, they can also be added to all kinds of panels, cinder concrete, and can also be used when decorating facades, with all kinds of decorative and applied products, because broken glass powder in combination with glue or various varnishes with the addition of color can be a good stained glass material, and if you also heat it up, you will get all kinds of lamps interspersed glass and plastics.

Also, broken glass to order can be used to develop the psychophysiological capabilities of a person, for example, small broken glass can be consumed to train walking barefoot. And you can also use them in the beds so that the grass does not grow, falling asleep the territory.

Conclusion: broken glass is by and large the sand from which this glass is made, so where sand is used, broken glass can also be used.

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Household and industrial waste is not recycled. Broken glass is one of these types of waste, moreover, it is actually eternal waste. The glass will stay where we left it without breaking down for hundreds of years. If we were talking only about household glass waste, the problem would be less global, but there are also industrial waste of the same type. A fifth of all garbage in landfills is. That is why researchers are actively working on the possibilities of glass recycling.

One of the leading areas for the recycling of broken glass is building mixtures. Glass is crushed and then added to concrete mixes. Concrete with such a filling acquires new physical and mechanical properties, allowing it to withstand critical loads and the effects of an aggressive environment. Another advantage of the technology is the efficiency of the processing process, the final material is not only effective in its characteristics, but also cheap. This forces industrial enterprises to open points for receiving glass and on the territory. It is possible to hand over glass in any volume and form. Moreover, get some amount in accordance with the weight of the accepted waste.

Factories involved in the processing of broken glass work with industrial volumes of cullet. Obviously, the delivery of such a plan to the processor's site is unlikely. That is why small companies are beginning to actively develop, collecting and accumulating one or another type of secondary raw materials for their subsequent sale to processing companies. Such companies currently exist in most major cities, and their network is constantly expanding. Any type of glass can be handed over to the collection points of such companies - from glass containers to windows.

You can clarify the presence and address of the nearest company of this profile in the administration of your district - assemblers and processing enterprises, mainly private firms, but a mandatory rule for them is to pass state accreditation.

You can also contact a company that, if it does not collect household waste itself (for example, does not have a permit for this type of activity), then in any case must arrange a contract with a third-party company. Usually, once or twice a month, a truck arrives on the territory of the microdistrict, which receives glass from citizens. In order to save money, many housing departments and HOAs deal with the situation differently: they install containers for collecting waste on their own territory. You can throw away glass there at any time and without restrictions.