Black Sea in mid-June. Water temperature in the Black Sea. Coastal water temperature

Black Sea full of unsolved secrets and mysteries. Starting from the history of origin and ending with incredible data today, the depths of the Black Sea hide an incredible layer of interesting scientific discoveries. Consider the scientific evidence that the Black Sea is a nascent ocean!

The mystery of the origin of the reservoir is revealed by several theories of the origin of the Black Sea. According to historians, the Black Sea could be part of both divided into separate bodies of water ancient ocean Tethys, and the largest freshwater lake in the world.

Today, the Black Sea washes the shores of six countries: Ukraine, Russia, Romania, Turkey, Bulgaria and Georgia (including its historical region - Abkhazia).

The pond enters the pool Atlantic Ocean.

  • Area – 422000 square kilometers;
  • Coastline – 3400 kilometers;
  • The largest island is Dzharylgach;
  • Cloudiness over the sea is 60% per year.

Black Sea water temperature map

Climate and water temperature in the Black Sea

The climate of the Black Sea is mostly continental . But there are coasts that are within the Mediterranean subtropical climate. This is the Caucasian and Crimean part of the coast. The Crimean Mountains protect the sea from cold northern winds. Moreover, the wind from the southwest also brings additional heat and moisture to the Black Sea region.

But, for example, in the Novorossiysk region the mountains are already lower, so a strong wind from the north (the so-called “bora”) has a significant impact on sea ​​coast. Locals They call it "Nord-East".

Most cyclones form in Atlantic Ocean, they are the ones who bring storms, strong storms at sea and bad weather on the coast.

Cyclones that flow into the Black Sea from the south are usually rare. More often, this is a series of 5-6 cyclones in a row.

Warm, wet winters and dry summers are the characteristics of the weather on the main part of the Black Sea coast. On the northwestern and western shores the climate is steppe. There are often fogs there - about 80-90 days a year. On east coast to Tuapse - the climate is humid subtropics. In the south - relatively Cold winter and wet summers.

Coastal water temperature

The water in the Black Sea warms up unevenly along the entire coast. This is influenced by him big square, geographical location and bottom topography

Considering the geographical location of the reservoir in mid-latitudes, the angle of incidence of the sun's rays and the amount of heat received as a result, the Black Sea is quite warm. In winter, the water does not freeze (except for the narrow edge of the coast during extremely low temperatures V different years), its minimum temperature at depth does not fall below +8°C.

Bulgaria

The first tourists come to Bulgaria in May (water temperature no more than +17°C). The Black Sea here warms up significantly only by mid-June. The maximum season lasts until mid-September. The peculiarity of the Bulgarian coast is that the water here heats up quickly, but also cools down just as quickly. In July – maximum +27°C. On the northern coast, cold currents can “ruin the weather”, due to which the water cannot warm up for a long time. In August, thunderstorms are possible, and daylight hours are shortened; the water warms up to a maximum of +25°C. On southern resorts You can also swim in the fall – in Burgas and Sozopol it’s about +25°C in September. At the beginning of October in the south the maximum is +22°C, and in Varna the water warms up even less - to about +18°C. In mid-October, the season closes along the entire coast - the water temperature of +15°C does not allow swimming.

Türkiye

The Turkish coast is washed by the Black Sea from the north. Swimming season breaks out here traditionally - in June. It is noteworthy that the Turks themselves, widely promoting the Mediterranean coast, or the Aegean Sea, for tourists, vacation precisely on the Black Sea coast, where it is not so hot and the water is cooler. Maximum +25°C at the beginning of the season and +27°C at the height of summer. At the same time, it is not so hot - there is greenery everywhere - this is facilitated by the humid climate.

Ukraine

The Black Sea coast of Ukraine covers three mainland regions - Kherson, Nikolaev and Odessa, as well as the Crimea Peninsula. The season starts in June, sometimes at the end of May with a water temperature of +18°C. The most warm water- off the southern coast of Crimea. In July-August, near the mainland the water is about +25+26°C. The sea can warm up to its maximum off the coast of Yalta in early August up to +28°C.

Russia

The Black Sea coast in Russia is warming rather unevenly. The maximum water temperature is observed in the area of ​​Sochi and Gelendzhik – up to +24+25°C. The season lasts from mid-June to the end of August.

Georgia

In Georgia, you can swim in the Black Sea even in autumn. In different years, the water temperature allowed the season to be extended until mid-October. Most tourists come in July-August, but it will be more comfortable in May and September. At the beginning of the season the sea warms up to +20°C, by the end of June it is already +24+25°C. Until the end of September - beginning of October, warm water remains - up to +26°C.

The warmest point on the Black Sea coast is Abkhazian Gagra in Georgia.

Romania

The beach season in Romania starts approximately like in Ukraine – at the beginning of June and lasts until the beginning of September. But the sea is warming up gradually. average temperature summer season +23+25°C. In some years in July the water warms up to +27°C. But cold currents can sharply reduce the temperature comfortable for swimming, even to +9°C.

Features of the sea

Ancient peoples called the sea “inhospitable” due to its turbulent nature, later renaming it the Black Sea. Why the sea received such a name also remains a mystery. One version is that anchors lowered to depths became covered over time with a thick layer of black plaque due to the high concentration of hydrogen sulfide. By the way, the Black Sea is an exceptional body of water in the world where such an amount of this substance is present - more than 90% of the total volume, which is more than three billion tons! As a result, there is practically no life below 150-200 meters, which is why the reservoir is called “ sea ​​of ​​the dead depths."

It’s not for nothing that ancient peoples called the sea “inhospitable” - storms of incredible strength rage here. Both ancient galleys and huge ships repeatedly fell victim to the elements. At the bottom of the Black Sea lie untold riches of sunken ships. Eg, English ship"Black Prince" of 1854 (on board which was more than 500 thousand gold coins - that's 65 million dollars), as well as the Turkish "Capitania" (which carried several tons of silver in its holds).

In the Black Sea, deep mixing of water occurs at a speed of 15 meters per year, which is 3000 cubic meters per year. Thus, complete renewal of the hydrogen sulfide layer occurs in 100-130 years. And according to the latest data - even for 60-80 years.

The reservoir, moreover, is also called one of the most powerful methane reservoirs.

One interesting fact was dated 1927. On September 11 there was a powerful earthquake. Lighthouse keepers on the Crimean Peninsula noticed a strange phenomenon: 55 kilometers from the coast, the horizon above the sea was burning, pillars of fire reaching 800 meters! The fire on the water was preceded by three explosions. Later this phenomenon was explained by the ignition of methane, allegedly due to the movement lithospheric plates the substance at depth simply detonated. Another theory explains the fire by lightning striking deep methane that escaped. These facts have never received any real scientific substantiation.

The Black Sea depression, in which the Black Sea is located, is an earthquake-prone region. One and a half dozen geological faults are a great danger of strong earthquakes. The shock force of waves in the Black Sea can be impressive. For example, in 1931, on the South Coast (near Simeiz), a wave tore off the “Monk” rock and broke it into three parts.

Typical wave heights in the Black Sea do not exceed several meters. But there is evidence of giant waves, most likely caused by underwater earthquakes, that reached 14 meters. Although, scientific data indicate: the Black Sea is too small in area to “give birth” to real ocean tsunamis. But the latest data from geophysicists is as follows: over the past 2500 years, about 50 cases of marine “tsunamis” have occurred in the Black Sea. Destructive waves up to 8 meters high washed away the ancient cities of Panticapaeum and Dioscuria.

Black Sea in autumn and winter

Autumn It is considered a “velvet” season for holidaymakers who visited the South Coast and the Caucasian coast in September-October.

In winter, the sea is often stormy, as it is constantly covered by cyclones, one after another. The strongest wind along the entire coast is in January.

In winter, part of the Siberian anticyclone creates persistent northeastern winds, the famous Black Sea “north-easters”. The peculiarity of this wind is that it occurs mainly in winter period. At the same time, the air temperature is usually about 20 degrees below zero. Sometimes the bora is accompanied by heavy snowfall. Severe icing creates big problems for sailors, because almost all sea spray is so severe frost, freeze instantly, covering ships and cranes in ports with a thick crust of ice. “Bora” in Novorossiysk lasts up to 40-50 days a year.

In Novorossiysk, “Nord-Ost” is strong winds northeast direction, reaching speeds of 40 meters per second. Gusts can even reach 80 meters per second. The most dangerous thing is speed fluctuations. The wind can start blowing at first at a speed of 10, and after a minute - at a speed of 60 m/sec. There have been cases when the wind overturned railway cars.

In winter, snow lies almost all along the coast. The coastal part in the area of ​​Odessa, the Kerch Strait freezes, in very harsh winters– Even the Bosphorus is covered in ice.

There is a river in the Black Sea. It was discovered not long ago. This is a kind of underwater current that goes through the Bosphorus from Marmara to the Black Sea, and then along the Black Sea trench 35 meters deep along the bottom for more than a kilometer.

Black Sea in spring and summer

In spring, so-called “fen” blow from the sea - dry warm air from the mountains You can watch this in Sochi. When the hair dryer starts blowing, the air humidity very quickly drops to 10-12%.

Spring is a time of unstable weather both over the sea and in the area of ​​its coastal resorts.

In summer, the Azores anticyclone operates over the Black Sea. In July-August the lowest wind speed is observed over the coast. The sea in summer is warm and gentle at all resorts. The water temperature reaches a maximum of +27+28 degrees.

Tornadoes - this phenomenon is present in the Black Sea. IN last years the frequency of their occurrence has increased. Such atmospheric vortices most often occur in spring and summer.

Holidays on the Black Sea

Most popular resorts

The Black Sea is a continuous resort area. The most popular places for beach holiday along the entire length - these are Ukrainian Odessa, Yalta, Russian Anapa, Gelendzhik and Tuapse, Turkish Trabzon, Sinop and Samsun, Bulgarian Golden Sands and Albena, Georgian Batumi, Romanian Constanta.

According to some estimates, the depths of the Black Sea hide considerable reserves of precious metals - more than 500 thousand tons of silver and 250 thousand tons of gold. Some Black Sea countries, such as Türkiye and Bulgaria, are engaged in its extraction.

Black Sea by country

  • Ukraine. On the southern coast of Crimea, which is the main resort area of ​​Ukraine, the climate is rather dry, sub-Mediterranean. Season: May to September. Warm water – about three months. But there are storms and the rise of hydrogen sulfide from the depths, which leads to a sharp drop in water temperature from +26 to +13 degrees. Most popular resorts: coastline South Coast (Yalta, Alushta, Sudak, Alupka, Evpatoria), Odessa, Iron Port, Lazurnoe, Skadovsk in the Kherson region, Koblevo in the Nikolaev region, Zatoka and Kurortnoye in the Odessa region. The mainland part of the coast is represented by wide sandy beaches, in the Odessa region there are 25-meter picturesque cliffs, on the South Coast near Yalta there are pebble beaches with clear transparent sea ​​water, but with a large influx of tourists. The warmest water in the Ukrainian part of the sea is the Yalta region and the very south of the Odessa region - in the Kurortny and Zatoka area.
  • Russia. On Black Sea coast humid. Heat air in summer and high humidity create unfavourable conditions for people with pulmonary diseases. The main resorts on the Black Sea remain Sochi (recreation center, very developed infrastructure), Gelendzhik (beautiful nature, picturesque sandy beaches, there is a safari park, oceanarium, dolphinarium), Anapa (mild climate, budget holiday) and Tuapse (beautiful coast, but the resort is also an industrial center).
  • Romania. The country cannot boast of a long coastline, but there is also a resort area. It is located near the port city of Constanta. Mamaia and Eforia are the main health centers. There are also some small ones tourist places like Costinesti, Jupiter, Mangalia.
  • Türkiye. On the coast of Turkey, the climate is humid. Türkiye has been well able to take advantage of the benefits of nature and geographical location on the Black Sea coast, with one and a half thousand kilometers of coastline. Not as famous as Antalya, but also not so crowded with tourists, the resorts of Turkey - on the Black Sea these are Abana, Samsun, Trabzon, Yakakent, Rize and almost a dozen other places. These resorts are mainly designed for tourists from Ukraine and Russia - they are relatively inexpensive. By 2024, Turkey plans to improve its infrastructure and improve its coastline in order to take first place among the Black Sea countries in terms of tourist recreation in its section of the Black Sea.
  • Bulgaria. The Black Sea coast is dominated by a dry climate similar to the Crimean one. Among the main resorts are Golden Sands (first place in all ratings, gorgeous beaches, all types of entertainment, water parks, national park), Sozopol (a budget place, but have a nice rest, historical component), Albena (a place for families with children, a gentle entrance to the sea, a lot of entertainment for all ages).
  • Georgia. The climate is subtropical. Therefore, the resorts located here are incredibly warm in weather and water temperature. The main tourist spots are Batumi (the most developed infrastructure and services), Kobuleti (with a healing microclimate), Cape Verde (almost tropical climate; There is Botanical Garden with kiwi and bananas), Kvariati ( best beaches Georgia, the cleanest sea; there is a diving center), Sarpi (picturesque nature - the sea borders on rocks, very clean water).

Ecology and the future

Due to global warming, one of the most big problems in the Black Sea it is algae. They have so filled the sea that they not only cause significant problems for investors investing in the development of the tourism industry, but also cause harm to the environment. For the last six years, the coast of Odessa has especially suffered from the “piles” of algae in August. In addition, the water regularly “blooms” due to elevated temperature water.

Another issue is the increase in water temperature levels. Scientists have calculated that the average water temperature in the Black Sea will rise by 4 degrees by the end of this century. This could become trigger many problems. In the area of ​​the Odessa port, hydrobiologists have already found spores of bacteria not native to this region, which are still in a dormant state, but an increase in sea temperature can lead to irreversible consequences. In addition, the rapana brought to the Black Sea have already taken root very well and feed on mussels, the number of which is falling catastrophically due to increased water temperatures and decreased oxygen. Another problem is rising sea levels. In the next 50 years, flooding of many coastal areas may become a serious issue. In particular, Ukrainian Kherson may disappear from the face of the earth, and Crimea may become a separate island.

Today in Crimea there is beautiful, sunny weather, in the second half of the day short-term rains are expected in places, with an air temperature of +20C. The average air temperature in Crimean resorts in early June ranges from +21 °C up to +30 °C. The coastal waters of the Black Sea in some places of Crimea warmed up to +23 +24°C.

The Red Sea, located in a tectonic depression between the Arabian Peninsula and Africa, is considered the warmest. Temperature sea ​​water in the popular Egyptian resort of Hurghada in the Red Sea today, June 9, is +26.8°C, with an air temperature of +40°C. Agree, it is difficult for a person accustomed to a more temperate climate to endure such heat.

Much easier to move summer heat on the shores of the Black Sea, in the resorts of Crimea, the Caucasus, and in Odessa, which is why they are very popular among Russians. Hotels in Odessa and Sevastopol are ready to receive and comfortably accommodate thousands of vacationers.

How long does it take for a person to regain his strength from the exhausting rhythm? modern life saturated with prolonged sitting at the computer, sometimes unnecessary communication on the Internet, physical inactivity? Crimean doctors are concerned about the trend of reducing treatment time in sanatoriums. Many experts believe that this fact of reducing treatment time negatively affects the results of treatment, and sometimes undermines the authority of treatment methods. Experts believe that the approach in each case should be individual, and much depends on the health status of the person arriving at the sanatorium clinic. For one, maybe a week is enough, but for another, a second course of treatment will be needed. Climatologists who offer balneological treatment as a preventive measure against diseases adhere to the rule of staying at the resort for 18 days. At Crimean resorts they not only treat vacationers, but also teach them to be healthy!


the 9th of June The water temperature in the Black Sea pleases vacationers in Kerch and Evpatoria most of all.
The warmest water in the sea today is off the coast of Kerch, water thermometers show +23 +24°C, almost like in Egyptian Hurghada!

The sea is a little cooler off the coast Evpatoria +21.5°С, in Black Sea +20.2°С.

Sea water temperature on the westernmost cape of Crimea Tarkhankut +19°C, also in Mezhvodny +19°C

The Black Sea off the coast of Sevastopol is now +21.8°C

The sea in the area of ​​the Khersones lighthouse warmed up to +20.6°С

In Yalta, sea water is slightly cooler +19°C, in Alushta +20°C , in Sudak +20°C. In Alupka, sea water is only +18°C degrees.

Sea water temperature off the coast of Feodosia and Koktebel +18.8°С

As before, the sea water off the coast of Odessa remains cool +19°C.

On Azov coast sea ​​water temperature: in Mariupol +23.4°С, in Berdyansk +23.1°С, in Genechesk +22.1°С, in Ilyichevsk +19.4°С

Water temperature in June in the Black Sea - details

June - first summer month. The water temperature in the Black Sea gradually increases in June. So, if the average water temperature at the beginning is +20°C, then the average water temperature at the end in the Black Sea is +23°C.

The average air temperature in the Black Sea in June is 22°C.

Water temperature in June in the Black Sea in different years

The day with the coldest sea in the Black Sea was in 2019. The average sea water temperature was only +15.7°C. It was June 1, 2019

Happy day warm sea was in the Black Sea in 2018. The average sea water temperature reached +27.4°C. It was June 30, 2018

The water temperature for every day in June in the Black Sea in different years is presented in the graph below:

Average sea water temperature in June in the Black Sea

The coldest sea in the Black Sea was in 2019. The average sea water temperature was only +19.9°C.

The warmest sea in the Black Sea happened in 2012. The average sea water temperature reached +22.7°C.

Schedule average monthly temperature sea ​​water in the Black Sea in June for different years clearly demonstrates this:

Records for water temperature in the Black Sea in June

Monitors sea water temperature in the Black Sea since 2010. And, I must say, water temperature records happen quite often. Almost every day at one resort or another the water is either the coldest or the warmest. Below are data on the minimum and maximum sea water temperatures in the Black Sea in June.

Holidays on the shores of the Black Sea considered one of the most popular among Russians. But what month is the best time to go there so that you can lie on the beach, and most importantly, swim in the sea itself?

The water temperature in January differs depending on the resort, but almost everywhere the situation is similar. No matter where you go, you are unlikely to be able to swim, since maximum value recorded in the Gulf of Mersin, and it is only 13 degrees above zero.

In Anapa, Tuapse and Gelendzhik, the Black Sea water temperature in January ranges from 9 to 11 degrees, in Yalta it is a couple of degrees lower. The most cold water in January in Odessa - only 4 degrees.

In February, the indicators do not change better side, the temperature becomes two to three degrees lower. In March the situation persists, so swimming is still prohibited.

At the beginning of April, the temperature of the Black Sea is similar to March, but by the end of the month the water warms up almost everywhere up to 13-14 degrees above zero.

In May in the Gulf of Mersin, despite the fact that the temperature in winter was higher than in other places, is a maximum of 20 degrees Celsius, while the Black Sea in the area of ​​​​Gelendzhik, Anapa and Tuapse warms up to 21 degrees. In Yalta and Odessa - 18-20 degrees at the end of the month.

But with the onset of summer, the thermometer creeps up. The warmest water is in Yalta - 25 degrees, a little cooler in Gelendzhik and Anapa, and in Tuapse temperature is unstable: During June it can vary from 19 to 25 degrees. The average temperature of the Black Sea in June is 23 degrees.

In July, the water in Russian resorts can warm up to 27 degrees, and in the Gulf of Mersin - up to 28 above zero. In Odessa - 23-25 ​​degrees Celsius. At the end of August, the Black Sea begins to warm up more slowly, so the temperature drops by about two degrees.

In September you can still swim, although, for example, in the Gulf of Mersin the temperature of the Black Sea is 23-24 degrees, and in Russian resorts it drops to 21 degrees. In Yalta, the water is still warmed up to 24 degrees above zero, but by the end of the month it cools down to twenty. In October it is only 18 degrees. Most low rate in Odessa- 15-17 degrees, in other Black Sea resorts it is heated to 21 degrees Celsius.

In November The warmest water is in the Gulf of Mersin, Yalta and Gelendzhik, but in cooler waters it is about 15 degrees above zero. About the same temperature on Golden Sands. The coldest place is in the Black Sea off the coast of Odessa: the water temperature drops up to 10 degrees.

With the coming of winter water temperature in the Black Sea may drop below ten degrees. This situation is observed in Odessa and Golden Sands. In the Gulf of Mersin maximum temperature in December- 12-14 degrees, and at other resorts the average is 11 degrees above zero. .



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