Article digest. Digest as a form of providing information in various areas of social and scientific communications. Meaning of the word digest

Digest is a publication containing summary publications for a certain period in an abbreviated and systematized form, short review periodical press; in a broad sense - a thematic collection of fragments from materials belonging to different sources.

The ancient origins of the digest

Digests began to exist in ancient Rome. In 530-533 n. e. in Byzantium, under Emperor Justinian I, Digests, or Pandects (Digesta, or Pandectae), were compiled - extensive systematic collections of excerpts from the writings of Roman lawyers, which had the force of law and were the main part of Roman civil law in modern name"Code of civil law" ("Corpus iuris civilis"). Thus, the Digests contributed to the formation of the theory of law, the development of Roman jurisprudence.

The method of short, systematic presentations was also widely used in theology. Based on the writings of John Chrysostom, a book was written in the Old Slavonic language "Golden Jet" (c. 1461), consisting of the most complete edition of 136 articles.

According to principle modern digest the third oldest monument of the Old Russian manuscript after the Ostromirov Gospel and the Novgorod Codex was written - the first Svyatoslav's Izbornik (1073) and the second Svyatoslav's Izbornik (1076), compiled for Prince Svyatoslav Yaroslavich. Unlike the first book, the second contained not only excerpts from the teachings of the Church Fathers, but also extracts from biblical and narrative literature, collections of sayings, etc. The Catechism, a book in the form of questions and answers, which is a summary of Christian doctrine, belongs to a similar type of publication.

Distribution of modern digests

In the XVII-XVIII centuries. publications similar to digests were widely distributed - “chimes” (from the Dutch courant - newspaper) - the first hand-written newspapers of a political nature, compiled in the Embassy Prikaz based on Dutch and German newspapers and other foreign printed materials. Since the 18th century the digest includes not only a brief review of the press, but also handwritten or printed statements of other documents, which are called extracts, notes, excerpts and are published under the corresponding titles - “Extract”, “Anmerkungen”, “Auszuge”, etc.

The term "digest" entered the literature only in the twentieth century. Currently, a digest means a type of periodical publication (newspaper, magazine, etc.), consisting entirely of reprints, fragments or alterations of artistic, journalistic, scientific works, which, due to their simplified form, are available to readers. In this function, the digest is often adjacent to mass literature.

First digest

The first and still one of the most popular digests is the monthly American magazine Readers Digest, founded in 1922 by David and Leela Wallace, after L. Wallace decided to collect a selection of favorite articles published in different monthly publications and combine them in one magazine.

The word digest comes from English digest, which means - summary.

Exchange of experience

UDC 655.4 + 001: 002.56 LBC 76.17 + 73

DIGEST AS A PRODUCT OF INFORMATION ACTIVITY © Z.V. Vakhrameeva, I.V. Kurbangaleeva, 2008

Department of the State Public Scientific and Technical Library of the Siberian Branch Russian Academy Sciences 630090, Novosibirsk, Akademika M.A. Lavrentiev, 6

The experience of the Department of the State Public Scientific and Technical Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in preparing the “Press Digest on the problems of Russian science».

Key words: digest, State Public Scientific and Technical Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, information support.

Theoretical and methodological foundations for the preparation of digests

B.A. Lapshov in his article "The Digest Library - an Understanding Tool for a Man of Business". Here is what he writes in this work:

1 Digest (English digest - a summary): 1) a type of journal reprinting materials from other publications in an abbreviated and, as a rule, simplified form; 2) a mass publication containing a brief adapted summary of popular works fiction(New encyclopedic Dictionary. - M .: Bolshaya grew up. encycle. : RIPOL classic, 2004. - S. 308).

Digest - (English digest - summary) periodical, reprinting materials from other publications in an abbreviated form. Weekly || About a TV or radio program that repeats the most interesting entries with a common theme. Musical, sports house (Modern Dictionary Russian language / ch. ed. S. A. Kuznetsov. -SPb. : Norint, 2004. - S. 147).

Digest - a publication or its section, which summarizes the content of publications of many periodicals in order to give an idea of ​​​​all the most interesting that has found a place in the press for a certain period (Library Encyclopedia / Russian State Library - M .: Pashkov House, 2007. - P. 337).

Digest abstract - a method of compressed presentation of the source text, tuned to the characteristics of an individual cognitive activity in order to increase its effectiveness (Vershinina, G. N. Studying IFRS: digest abstract: prepr. / G. N. Vershinina, D. V. Vershinin, M. V. Lychagin. - Novosibirsk: IEOPP SB RAS: SibUPK, 2005. - P. 6).

Digest - definitions on the web:

A publication in which the content of the most interesting publications for a certain period is condensed (www.classm.ru/ dictionary/);

1) a cheap book containing a short, adapted summary of the text of any content; 2) a concise review of periodicals or other printed publications (rifma.com.ru/ Lito-11 .htm), etc.

“Historically, the digest arose and took shape as an informational genre of a utilitarian nature, the purpose of which was to extract from primary sources only such objective (from the reader’s point of view) information that was needed for a specific case.

Suffice it to recall, for example, that one of the early Christian theologians Tertullian called the Gospel of Luke “Digestum Luke”, as if emphasizing that Luke was not an eyewitness, but only a companion of the apostles, who summarized the stories about Jesus to preach the teachings of Christ.

Another example is the "Digesta" of the Byzantine emperor Justinian - a collection of extracts from the works of famous Roman jurists who compiled his "Code", which later formed the basis of European jurisprudence.

In the late Middle Ages, the digest genre was widely used by the church in compiling short versions of the lives of saints, various kinds of chronographs, and other educational literature. Apparently, two main forms of the scientific digest of the New Age arose from here - extracts and abstracts.

Extracts, i.e., brief summaries of the main facts and ideas of the source, were used mainly on an individual basis. So, it is known, for example, that Charles Darwin had a whole library of his own extracts from the books he read.

In the USSR, to the greatest extent, the original purpose of the digest was answered, perhaps, by the abstracts of foreign sources that became widely distributed among Soviet social scientists, largely replacing the “Western” humanitarian literature that was inaccessible to them due to the language barrier and ideological prohibitions.

With the advent of perestroika and the subsequent transition of Russia to the implementation of large-scale economic and political reform the need for knowledge about the modern market and the practices of advanced democracies has increased dramatically. ... The urgent need to obtain, albeit secondary, but reliable information, so to speak, “first-hand” could not but revive the digest in its most ancient utilitarian form, originally intended for anyone who can read.”

B.A. Lapshov introduces the term "digest-summary" (from the Latin "konspectus" - review, review, essay), calling it a new kind of old information genre. What it has in common with the classical digest is, first of all, the utility of its function - to convey to the reader only the main facts and ideas contained in the source. What is new for our time in the digest abstract is that, in contrast to the annotation, "abstract" and scientific abstract intended for a specialist, it is designed specifically for a non-specialist, for a reader who does not own special terminology and does not have the skill of reading thick "scientific" books, but who feels the need to obtain information from a specific source in one or another special field of knowledge.

Currently, the digest is considered as one of the forms of information folding, a type of its analytical and synthetic processing. In libraries, the digest is used in the field of factual services, and its function, like references, tables, articles in reference books and encyclopedias, abstracts, summaries, abstract reviews, is the orientation of consumers of information in the information flow, the most accurate reflection of the facto-conceptographic content of primary documents.

Currently, there are a huge number of digests on the Internet intended for the widest target audience. First of all, these are various press digests focused on a specific topic: economic, political, cultural, sports, music, etc. There are many event digests that also have a thematic principle of information selection. There are digests of documents, primarily regulatory and legislative. There were mailing-digests.

When compiling digests, the normalized folding technique is used, as a result of which the physical volume of the document changes, but at the same time its information content does not decrease. Extraction is used as the main method, i.e., extracting from the document the most valuable citations in terms of semantics. Development information technologies allowed to create digests in electronic form.

The digesting procedure can be described as a sequence of the following steps:

1. Mandatory specification of the user request.

2. Its semantic deployment and presentation in the form of an open (i.e. supplemented) local faceted (multi-aspect) rubricator.

3. Identification of information, during which this rubricator is used as a search prescription.

4. Choice of clotting depth. Depending on the significance of the found material, its relevance to the subject of the request, the completeness of the coverage of the problem of interest to the user, the digest can reflect both the text of the original source in full and its fragments, as well as an abstract or mention (link) of the source.

5. Extraction process (extraction of text fragments).

6. Referencing.

7. Grouping of material.

8. Drawing up an auxiliary apparatus (table of contents, tables, etc.).

In its final form, the digest is a secondary document built on the basis of numerous primary ones (the list of which is necessarily attached), but in the logic of the user, not the authors of the messages, and with a degree of detail corresponding to the needs of the reader.

Digest consumers can be:

1. Leaders of all ranks. The higher the rank of the leader, the more versatile his information needs. Their formation is affected by the cultural and economic profile of the region and the administrative and official position of the leader. The head, having a certain basic training, shows a great professional interest in information in his specialty.

2. Specialists employed in various industries National economy, sciences, cultures, doctors, economists, teachers, agronomists, livestock specialists, etc.

3. Entrepreneurs. Each of them is interested in information about the market, pricing, taxes, duties, etc.

4. Students of higher and secondary special educational institutions, students of vocational schools and secondary schools.

Process for preparing and presenting information to managers different levels management of science and technology stands out as an independent and very important direction in the sphere of information service.

Despite the variety of genres of digests (Radio Scheme Digest, Digest of Foreign and Russian Real Estate, Reader's Digest, Fermer digest magazine, Technological Digest, etc.), their structure fits within certain limits. This primarily applies to digests published in printed form.

The digest structure is as follows:

1. Title page.

3. Preface (from the compiler).

4. Main text, usually divided into sections and subsections.

5. List of used literature.

6. Applications.

Experience in creating a press digest on topical issues of Russian science in the Department of the State Public Scientific and Technical Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

The State Public Scientific and Technical Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPSL SB RAS) has experience in creating various types of digests. Thus, since 1993, the library has been publishing the Business Review digest, which was intended to promptly inform about current news in the field of business economic information. It was compiled on the basis of viewing, selection and analysis of a wide range of sources of scientific, technical, economic, market and commercial information and a significant repertoire of periodicals entering the State Public Scientific and Technical Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The digest was distributed by subscription to libraries, businesses, organizations and individual subscribers.

Another digest - "The Digest of the Press on the Problems of Russian Science" - since 2000, by order of the Presidium of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, has been published by the Department of the State Public Scientific and Technical Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It is intended to inform members of the Presidium of the SB RAS, members of the SB RAS in Moscow, directors of institutes of the Novosibirsk Scientific Center, employees of the Presidium staff about publications in periodicals on science and related problems.

The main sections of the digest: science (general issues), SB RAS, education, Siberia, natural resources, energy, ecology, economy of Siberia and Russia as a whole, foreign press about Russian science. At the end of the issue, the table of contents of the general scientific Russian journals available in the fund of the Department of the State Public Scientific and Technical Library is given, as they become available.

In the section "Science. General Issues” publishes publications on issues of academic, university, branch Russian science in general, with the exception of publications of the SB RAS. Articles about the problems of foreign science can be selectively selected, information about the anniversaries of prominent scientists is also included.

Articles about specific achievements and problems of branch sciences are placed in the relevant subsections: physics, biology (genetics), space, computer technology, archeology, paleontology, etc., depending on the availability of material. The subsection “Medicine” provides information on new advanced treatment technologies, the creation of new medicines, interesting recommendations for the preservation and promotion of health.

"SO RAS". This is the main section of the digest containing articles on all areas of science development and various aspects of the activities of scientific centers of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Here

publications of leading scientists of the SB RAS on topical issues science in general and Siberian science in particular, articles about the scientific achievements of the institutes of the Siberian Branch, new discoveries and developments. It also provides information about the anniversaries of famous scientists of the SB RAS, published in the central and local periodicals. Materials dedicated to the anniversaries of the founders of the SB RAS are allocated to a separate section and contain publications from all sources, including "Science in Siberia". At the end of the section, the table of contents of the newspaper "Science in Siberia" for the given period is given.

A special issue of the digest was prepared for the 50th anniversary of the SB RAS. It includes articles by prominent scientists of the Siberian Branch for 1956-2007, reflecting the stages of formation and development of a unique scientific center (there is also electronic version this issue http://www.prometeus.nsc.ru/science/sbras50/index.ssi), as well as publications about the SB RAS in the electronic foreign press for 1998-2007.

"Education". Here you can find information about the problems of higher education, anniversaries of Siberian and leading metropolitan universities, information about nominal scholarships, etc. The section also includes articles on global issues high school ( new system education, new programs, interesting information about the schools of Akademgorodok).

"Siberia". This section contains publications on economic, scientific, technical, demographic problems of cities included in the Siberian federal district, as well as information about the work of the interregional association for economic cooperation "Siberian Agreement", the Council of the Siberian Federal District, reports on visits of Russian politicians and foreign delegations.

« Natural resources. Energy. This includes articles about all the resources of Siberia, global energy issues in Siberia and Russia as a whole.

Similarly, there is a selection of material in the section " Sustainable development. Ecology”, which contains information about the water problems of Siberia (rivers, lakes, drinking water), environmental pollution, life safety.

The section "Russia" contains publications of leading scientists on economic and demographic problems of Russia's development, social problems population.

The section "Foreign press" includes articles of foreign (English and French) publications devoted to the problems and achievements of modern Russian science, issues of international scientific cooperation, significant dates and historical events V scientific life Russia. Articles are given in the original language with a brief summary in Russian. Here,

The layout of the digest is prepared by the employees of the Department of the State Public Scientific and Technical Library (the technological process is presented in Appendix 1). Its average volume is 90-100 pages. The Digest is published twice a month (the issue is timed to coincide with the meetings of the Presidium of the SB RAS) and is distributed according to the list approved by the office of the Presidium.

To prepare the digest, a number of central and local newspapers are scanned daily, a total of about 40 titles (Appendix 2). In order to avoid duplication of publications from different newspapers on the same topic, the selection is carried out on the basis of the importance of the newspaper (priority for the central editions) and authorship.

Returning to the content of the digest, it should be mentioned that one of its sections - "Foreign Press" exists not only in printed form, but also in electronic form. Materials for it are selected from various English-speaking (since 2004 also French-speaking) sources posted on the Internet. Information is searched for by keywords related to the concept of “Russian science”, for example, “russian scientists”, “rus-sian science”, “russian researchers”, “scientifiques russes”, “chercheurs russes”, etc. Particular attention is paid to current areas of science (physics, energy, space, biomedicine, ecology), as well as advanced technologies related to them. Materials are collected on the Internet on the websites of socio-political and scientific journals, newspapers, news agencies. Some of the materials are selected from the subscription to the newsletter from the English and French versions of the Google search engine.

After studying the websites of foreign news agencies, the most useful addresses and pages for preparing materials were identified. Specialized servers were found containing news in all areas of science and technology. Now, Google News, EurekAlert, Alphagalileo, Innovations Report, Futura Science, PhysOrg, Cordis are of the greatest interest in terms of their capabilities and content of materials.

The search for information is also carried out directly on the websites of foreign newspapers: Washington Post, New York Times, Daily Telegraph, Jerusalem Post, Chicago Tribune, Le Monde, Liberation. Often, a search requires registration on the newspaper's website, and the search itself should be carried out regularly, otherwise articles may no longer be provided free of charge. From this point of view, database searches are more convenient and require less time.

It should be noted that replenishment information resources Internet is going high

at a fast pace and finding the right information in a huge information flow can be difficult, but at the same time it allows you to find more and more useful addresses.

The electronic version of the foreign part of the digest has been published on the website of the Department of the State Public Scientific and Technical Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences since February 1998 under the title "Russian Science and the World" http://www.prometeus.nsc. en/science/scidig/. The preparation of the electronic form takes place simultaneously with the printed form, but is posted on the Department's website once a month. As of December 2007, 119 issues have been prepared in 197 files. All material is divided into years and months. Each issue consists of a table of contents and articles, accompanied by a brief summary in Russian. The source of information and the date of publication of the article on the Internet are also indicated. On average, there are 10-12 articles per issue.

The possibilities of information technology - the availability of electronic documents, the relative ease of scanning texts, as well as the skills of creating a database, combined with the accumulated experience of bibliography, made it possible to move from compiling a digest in a traditional form to creating its electronic version. This work started in 2007.

Since sections of the Russian and foreign press have various sources information (in the first case, these are primarily printed publications, and in the second - electronic resources Internet), the technology of their preparation is different. Materials for the foreign part of the digest are collected on the Internet and prepared in Word, after which they are printed out for layout; The electronic version is completely created in HTML format. The materials of the Russian part initially exist only in paper form(only recently it began to include materials from the Internet) and in a much larger volume, so the finished pages of the layout are scanned, processed in the program Adobe Photoshop and converted to the .djvu format in the Djvu Solo 3.1 program (which allows you to reduce the size of the document in kilobytes, and subsequently make it easier to navigate through the digest).

Summing up, it can be argued that the experience of creating a press digest by the Department of the State Public Scientific and Technical Library of the SB RAS is positive - the digest has been published stably for more than 10 years, during this time its volume and circulation have significantly increased, and the design has improved. The press digest has proven itself as a form of DOR (Differentiated Guidance Assurance), providing an on-the-fly source of up-to-date information on the most important issues modern science, and its further development and improvement are seen in this direction.

Bibliography

1. Lapshov, B. A. Digest-library - a tool of understanding for a person of business // Teoriya i praktika sobschestv.-nauch. inform. - 1990. - Issue. 10. - S. 148-155.

2. Blumenau, D. I. Information and information service. - L.: Nauka, 1989. - S. 180.

3. Blumenau, D. I. Information analysis/synthesis for the formation of secondary documents. - St. Petersburg. : Profession, 2002. - S. 26-28.

4. Minkina, V. A. Finding the deserved: reference and bibliographic service using network information resources // Information and bibliographic service: history and state of the art. - SPb., 2003. - Issue. 1. -S. 113-114.

5. Vasilchik, L. R. Digest in the system of business information // Patent and Market Information in the Conditions of Market Formation. - Novosibirsk, 1995. -S. 190-198.

Annex 1

Technological process preparation of the layout of the "Press Digest on the Problems of Russian Science"

1 Viewing newspapers and magazines, selecting materials, editing and systematizing the selected material

2 Photocopying

3 Creating an original layout

3.1 Cutting, layout, gluing

3.2 Working with Internet resources

3.2.1 Viewing, selection of materials

3.2.2 Creation of a brief annotation of each article in Russian (translation from English and French) - for the section "Foreign press"

3.2.3 Creating a file and printing in a given format

3.2.4 Designing the content of the current issues of the newspaper "Science in Siberia" - creating a file, formatting, printing

3.3 Final preparation of the issue for printing

3.3.1 Writing short abstracts of articles for the table of contents

3.3.2 Computer dialing of the table of contents

3.3.3 Design of the title page

Annex 2

List of newspapers and magazines viewed for selection of publications in the digest (repertoire for 2007)

Arguments and Facts

Business for everyone

Vedomosti

Gazette of the Novosibirsk Regional Council of Deputies

In modern sources the term "digest" is defined in different ways:

1.« periodical, printing (usually in abbreviated form) materials from other publications; a summary of a work of art”; “a brief, concise summary of any information, messages, etc.»;

2. Digest (from lat. digest -summary ) are fragments of the texts of many documents (quotes, excerpts, summaries, less often abstracts), selected on a specific topic that is not provided with generalizing publications, and which are in the field of interests of real or potential readers.

The main function of the digest– convey to the reader only the main ideas and facts that are contained in the source. Digests can contain analytical reviews, statistical data, fragments of texts of publications, official and normative documents selected on a specific topic, etc. Each fragment extracted from the text is accompanied by a link to the description of the document as a whole.

Digests are characterized by: the narrowness of the subject, the difference in aspects of the consideration of the problem, the discrepancy between the points of view of various authors, etc. When selecting material, both book, periodicals, and Internet publications are viewed.

Digest Submission Form timely and relevant. It allows you to get acquainted with the latest novelties of the topic being studied, as well as with an array of documents, with a minimum expenditure of time.

Purpose: Digests are created when new directions in research and development emerge on topical issues of science and public life, with an increased and stable interest of various user groups, but there is no generalizing work.

Achieving this goal requires solving the following tasks:

1.Acquaintance with the content of the primary document.

2. Identification of the main directions of the topic in the text of the document.

3. Choice in accordance with a given list of topics required for inclusion in the digest;

4. Compilation of a digest based on selected fragments from the text of the primary document.

Digest Structure

The digest structure is as follows:

1. Title page.

3. Preface (from the compiler) or appeal (to readers).

4. The main text, usually divided into sections and subsections.

5. List of used literature.

6. Applications.

In our case the digest structure looks like this:

Title of the book (incl. year of publication and a brief history spelling)

The key theme of the book and its main sections

Main ideas (theses, provisions)

Brief summary of one of the chapters (paragraphs)

What new did you learn? (Actual material: figures, data, experiments)

Application possibilities

3. Applications: Illustrative material

(optional), glossary of basic terms (if necessary)

Information transformation methods

IN quality main method used extraction, those. extracting from the document the most valuable quotations in terms of semantics. Also, when compiling digests, the normalized folding technique is used, as a result of which the physical volume of the document changes, but at the same time its information content does not decrease.

STAGES OF COMPILING THE DIGEST

Preparatory stage

1. Prospect plan development

Prospect plan- the main document that defines the direction of work on the digest. Prospect plan necessary to clearly and clearly present the future edition. Timely see all miscalculations and eliminate them. The prospectus outlines detailed content future digest. Unlike the digest, information is given in it briefly, following the sequence of the main publication. In it, as well as in the main edition, there are several stages. Prospect plan - a miniature of the main edition. Helps to efficiently and rationally organize future work.

The main task of the initial stage- Establishment of the target and reader's destination. To do this, you must perform the following operations:

1.1. Set target (for what) and readership (for whom) destination of the future digest. Exist different approaches to the classification of readers. You can proceed from their age, general education or special training. Of particular interest is the structure based on the professional activity of readers, their official status.

The main groups of consumers of bibliographic information:

1.Leaders of all ranks. The higher the rank of the leader, the more versatile his information needs. Their formation is affected by the cultural and economic profile of the region and the administrative position of the leader. The head, having a certain basic training, shows a great professional interest in information in his specialty.

2.Specialists employed in various sectors of the national economy, sciences, cultures, doctors, economists, teachers, agronomists, livestock specialists, etc.

3.Entrepreneurs. Each of them is interested in information about the market, pricing, taxes, duties, etc.

4.students higher and secondary specialized educational institutions, students of vocational schools and secondary schools.

Target and reader address is formed quite specifically: one should avoid such vague definitions as “the manual is intended for a wide circle of readers”, “the manual will be useful to everyone who is interested in the past and present of their native land”. An attempt to prepare a manual that would simultaneously aim to help science and “everyone interested in this problem” is erroneous.

In addition to the main one, other groups of readers are also indicated who may benefit from the information contained in the manual.

1.2. Select and study a topic. The topic is studied from the point of view of novelty, relevance, readers' interest in it, availability of literature. It should be socially significant, meet the real and potential needs of library users. The compiler needs to understand the main problem related to the topic. The topic can be considered from all or some sides, to capture or not to capture the adjacent branches of knowledge, to consider the issue only in a theoretical, practical or historical context.

. Digest Structure . The digest structure is as follows:

1. Title page

3. Foreword (from the compiler)

4. The main text, of course, is divided into sections, subsections, paragraphs

5. List of used literature

6. Applications (illustrated material - tables, graphs, diagrams that reveal the main text)

7 Glossary of basic terms (if necessary)

. Information transformation methods . Extraction is used as the main method, that is, the removal from the document of the most semantically valuable quotes

Also, when compiling digests, the method of normalized folding is used, as a result of which the physical volume of the document changes, but at the same time its information content does not decrease.

Consider the main steps in compiling a digest (see Table 72):

. Table 72 . BASIC. STAGES. COMPILING THE DIGEST

Digest formatting requirements

Abstracts extended to three pages are submitted to the conference - digests of reports that will be published in the collection of conference materials.

For publication in the collection of conference proceedings, digests are accepted that have not been previously published, and also not provided to another journal for consideration and publication.

The material to be sent must be typed in a text editor Microsoft Word (2003–2007), DOC format, without headers and footers; schemes, figures and tables placed in the text should be in the appropriate place, and not at the end of the digest.

Page settings: top and bottom margins - 2.5 cm, left and right margins - 2.0 cm. Font Times New Roman 10 pt. Paragraph - 0.5 cm. Line spacing - single. The volume of the digest is two or three full pages along with an annotation and literature.

The text of the digest should contain the following elements:

- posing the problem general view and its connection with important scientific and practical problems;

– analysis of previous studies and publications in which the solution of this problem has begun, on which the author relies; highlighting previously unresolved parts of the general problem to which the digest is dedicated;

– formulation of the purpose of the work;

- presentation of the main material of the study with the rationale for the obtained scientific results, with the presentation of the obtained graphs, diagrams, etc.;

– conclusions from this study and prospects for further work in this direction.

Digest structure:

- UDC index (in the upper left corner of the page), indent 0.5 cm, Times New font
Roman 10 pt);

– title of the digest (centered, Times New Roman 10 pt, bold, all capital letters, spacing before and after – 6 pt; without hyphens, abbreviations and abbreviations);

– initials, surnames of all authors (located after the title of the digest, left-aligned; indent 0.5 cm, a space must be placed between initials; two or more surnames are allowed in one line if the authors are from the same organization, Times New Roman font 10 pt, bold);

- from a new line, the full name of the organization, indent 0.5 cm;

- from a new line postal address and e-mail (Times New Roman font 10 pt, indent 0.5 cm);

- the author's summary (abstract) (7-10 lines) should have the same structure as the main text of the digest, be concise and logically complete part of the document, independent of the main text; the abstract should contain the following elements: introduction, goals and objectives, methods, results, practical significance, conclusions; keywords (no more than five words, one line) (Times New Roman font 10 pt; the phrase " Keywords» – bold);

– one line after the annotation, the main text of the digest, which should contain the following elements: relevance of the work, MATERIAL AND RESEARCH RESULTS, CONCLUSIONS; each section must begin with a paragraph, the title of the section is written in capital letters; digest formatting - in two columns with a gap of 1 cm, justified alignment, Times New Roman font 10 pt, automatic hyphenation);

– drawings are submitted in black and white or in shades of gray. The axes on the charts should have an explanatory name (Fig. 1).

Figure 1 - Figure title

Drawings cannot be created using the built-in functions of the MS Word editor; only drawings in standard formats (JPEG, TIFF, etc.) or those implemented in MS Visio can be inserted. Center alignment, empty line before the picture and after the picture name;

– formulas are typed only in the MS Equation Editor and are numbered with Arabic numerals in brackets on the right. Indexes are only in Latin letters. Dimensions are shown on
rice. 2, the format of symbols and styles in the MS Equation Editor is shown in fig. 3. All variables are described in the text above or immediately after the above formula:

- bibliography (LITERATURE) - a numbered list of references as they are mentioned in the digest, one line after the main text of the digest, the word LITERATURE - in capital letters in the center ( );

- after the bibliography - the title of the digest in English, the interval before and after - 6 pt; initials, surnames of authors; Information about authors; abstract with keywords on English language issued according to the same requirements as in the original language;

- one line after the abstract in English - bibliography (REFERENCES) - is given, completely repeating the list of references, regardless of whether it contains foreign sources ( reference list template ); links are made in accordance with the rules of the Harvard standard;

The last page of the digest must be at least 75% complete.

An electronic version of the digest is sent to the address of the editorial board E-mail: ic*****@*** with an indication of the scientific heading for further review and editing. The authors are responsible for the content of the material.

Digest review: The purpose of peer review is to present the digest in accordance with scientific and editorial requirements, to exclude methodological errors and falsifications.

Digests submitted to the editorial office are reviewed by specialists with a Ph.D. or Doctor of Science degree in the specialty of the scientific subject of digests. The reviewers give a reasoned opinion about the expediency of publishing the digest. If the digest does not meet the requirements or scientific topics, it is sent to the author with comments.