Successes of modern natural science. Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (RANE) Klevtsov Gennady Vsevolodovich

In 2015, the Academy of Natural Sciences celebrated its 20th anniversary.

Over the years, the Academy has passed important stages of its development. Today the Academy is one of the most famous, authoritative and dynamically developing public scientific and organizational structures in Russia.

The Academy of Natural Sciences was registered in 1995 at the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation in Moscow.

The main goals of the Academy are:

• promoting the development of science, education and culture in Russia;
• assistance in organizing and coordinating fundamental and applied scientific research;
• promotion of international cooperation in the field of science, education and culture, integration of Russian scientists into the world scientific community.

As part of the tasks set for the Academy, large-scale research is constantly being carried out regarding the development of the theoretical base in the field of fundamental sciences and the development of fundamentally new technologies on its basis. Scientific, methodological and informational support for economic, educational and social reforms is being carried out, comprehensive research territory of Russia, promising methods of development and effective use natural resources, and programs are being implemented to preserve and improve the health of the population of the Russian Federation.

Sphere scientific interests The Academy has long gone beyond natural sciences (natural science), not only Russian scientists, but also scientists from near and far abroad countries cooperate with the Academy. Many periodicals of the Academy are published in English and are of undoubted interest to foreign readers. In this regard, the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences de facto turned into « International Association scientists, teachers and specialists".

Organizational and publishing projects of the Academy are now being implemented on a contractual basis by numerous public and commercial organizations.

The Academy constantly conducts active editorial and publishing activities, the development and implementation of programs for the preparation and publication of scientific journals, monographs, encyclopedias in various areas scientific knowledge. Hundreds of scientific monographs published by the Academy are available on the website of the electronic scientific library of the RANH in free access (http://www.monographies.ru/)　 .

The publishing house "Academy of Natural History" publishes seventeen all-Russian and international journals with a high impact factor of the RSCI ().

Journal "Fundamental Research" (http://fundamental-research.ru/), journal "Uspekhi modern natural science"(http://natural-sciences.ru/), journal "Modern science-intensive technologies" (http://top-technologies.ru/), journal "Modern problems of science and education" (http://science-education. ru/) are included in the current List of peer-reviewed scientific publications (HAC RF).

An important publishing and information project is the creation of the first annually republished all-Russian encyclopedia "SCIENTISTS OF RUSSIA" (http://www.famous-scientists.ru/), which includes biographies of about 15,000 prominent scientists and specialists. The formation of the information base of the encyclopedia undoubtedly contributes to a significant expansion of both scientific contacts and the awareness of the country's scientific community about the development of science in various regions of Russia.

The constantly updated encyclopedia "RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC SCHOOLS" introduces the reader to the founders of the leading scientific schools in Russia (http://www.famous-scientists.ru/school/).

One of the basic areas of work is the holding of international exhibitions of scientific and educational literature (), as well as participation with its own pavilion in the largest publishing exhibitions and salons (VDNH, EXPOCENTER, International Salon of Education, Paris Book Fair, etc.)

The Academy of Natural Sciences pays great attention to the research work of students and young scientists. Annually held international multidisciplinary "Student Scientific Forums" provide participation in publications and discussions to thousands of students (http://www.scienceforum.ru/).

Every year, the Academy of Natural History holds hundreds of scientific forums of various levels (). Electronic conferences have gained particular popularity, the topics of which can be declared by any specialist ().

The websites of the Academy of Natural History are visited daily by more than one hundred thousand specialists.

The solemn meeting dedicated to the Anniversary of the Academy was held on May 21, 2015 at the Central House of Scientists in Moscow.

We invite you and your colleagues to apply for membership in the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences www.rae.ru.

Membership in the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences is represented by:
adviser
professor at the Academy
corresponding member of the Academy
full member of the Academy.

1. The academic title of Professor of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences is awarded to candidates of science who have at least 3 years of experience in scientific and pedagogical activity after defending a Ph.D. holders of an academic degree) with at least 10 years of managerial experience in order to recognize their achievements in professional, scientific and pedagogical activities and stimulate the development of innovative processes. The academic title of professor of RAE is awarded for:
creation of scientific and practical developments that have an effective impact on the socio-economic development of the region or the Russian Federation;
development of author's programs or teaching aids for educational institutions that have passed practical testing;
active participation in innovative processes, experimental work;
introduction of new technologies, knowledge, management systems
The academic title Professor of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences is awarded to foreign scientists who have a PhD degree and work experience of at least 7 years

2. Corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Natural Science may be scientists (HAVING THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF SCIENCE) who have made a significant contribution to the development of domestic science.

3. A full member of the Academy can be scientists (having the degree of Doctor of Science, the academic title of professor, previously elected a corresponding member of the RANH and having a Diploma of a corresponding member of the RANH), who have contributed outstanding contribution in the development of domestic science.

Admission to full members of the Academy is made by decision of the RANH Session by secret ballot by a simple majority of the RANJ members participating in the Session.

To enter the Academy, you must send e-mail until September 25, 2013 the following documents:
Questionnaire.
Statement.
Certificate of scientific and organizational activities (rules of registration in the attachment).
Scanned copies of diplomas of academic degree and title.

See documents in attached files.

At the request of the scientific secretary, additional documents (copies of patents, lists of published works, monographs, textbooks, etc.)

The decision of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (RAE) on admission is sent within 14 days by e-mail.

The solemn ceremony of awarding diplomas confirming your membership in the Academy is planned on September 26-30, 2013 during the AUTUMN SESSION of PARA. Venue of events: Sochi, Chernomorskaya, 3, hotel "Pearl".

Registration of participants on September 25 from 16.00 to 18.00 and September 26 from 9.00 to 18.00 at the address: Sochi, Chernomorskaya, 3, Zhemchuzhina.

Everyone is invited to RANH scientific events.

In the program of the Autumn Session of RANH:
Discussion of the work plan of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences for the 1st half of 2014
Information of the President Ledvanov Mikhail Yurievich on the work of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences
Elections of full members of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (presence of the applicant is obligatory)*
Election of Honorary Doctors of Science (doctor of science, Honoris causa) as part of the V SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE "INTERNATIONAL SYSTEMS OF CERTIFICATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND PEDAGOGICAL STAFF"
Presentation of documents Gold medal "For innovative work in the field of higher education" As part of the implementation of the national program of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences "GOLD FUND OF NATIONAL SCIENCE". Presentation to the Laureates of the International exhibition-presentation of educational and methodical publications of the DIPLOMA OF THE WINNER OF THE INTERNATIONAL BOOK EXHIBITION from the Series "FUNDAMENTAL SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS"
Solemn presentation of award documents to the Order of LABORE ET SCIENTIA - WORK AND KNOWLEDGE
As part of the International Exhibition-Presentation teaching aids from the series "GOLDEN FUND OF NATIONAL SCIENCE" holding the competition "BEST EDUCATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PUBLICATION IN THE INDUSTRY". Presentation of the laureate diploma to the winners of the competition
Within the framework of the national program of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences "Golden Fund of National Science" and in accordance with the decision of the Commission for the awards of the "European Scientific and Industrial Consortium", the presentation of the Gold medal Gold medal "European Quality"
Presentation of medals by V.I. Vernadsky, A. Nobel, N.I. Vavilov
Presentation of certificates and badges to applicants for honorary titles of the RANH: "Honored Worker of Science and Education", "Honored Worker of Science and Education", "Founder of the Scientific School"
The heads of scientific and pedagogical teams, heads of departments were awarded the "GOLDEN DEPARTMENT OF RUSSIA" from the "GOLDEN FUND OF NATIONAL SCIENCE" series for their contribution to the development of Russian education
Presentation of Anniversary silver badges "Professor of RAE", "Corresponding Member of RAE", "Academician of RAE"
Presentation of the Jubilee silver badge"M.D"
As part of the professional competition for manufacturers of high-tech products in the nomination "Best Information Project", the presentation of the "NATIONAL QUALITY CERTIFICATE of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences"
Presentation of the encyclopedias "SCIENTISTS OF RUSSIA" (vol. 9, 2013), "RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC SCHOOLS" (vol. 6, 2013)
Presentation of diplomas to newly admitted members of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences
Holding the IX INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE "PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF UNIVERSITY SCIENCE AND EDUCATION". You can find the conference program and financial terms of participation on the website: http://congressinform.ru/
Holding the XVII International SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE "INNOVATIVE MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES"
Holding the XVIII INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION-PRESENTATION OF EDUCATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS (textbooks, teaching aids, monographs, electronic publications, educational films and programs)

Humiliating others is a much worse kind of pride
than exalt yourself beyond merit.

Yes, Izotov strongly disliked Professor Svechnikov. Doesn't calm down, bites again. This time, the list of merits of the master of domestic illusion, published on the SSTU website, was chosen as a weak point. The next attack of the Novgorodian, undertaken, of course, from the most noble motives, testifies to two points. Firstly, our guardian for the legal purity of domestic illusion was also concerned about the moral purity of domestic science. Such a multifaceted civic position cannot but delight. I hope, having dealt with distortions in science, he will then put an end to corruption and organized crime ... Secondly, the confrontation has moved to a qualitatively new level - now, instead of insults and frankly slanderous attacks, Izotov unleashed a war of compromising evidence. Well, there is progress. This “civilized” way of settling personal scores and eliminating competitors is actively practiced by politicians, it seems that the time has come for magicians to take it into service ...

In general, it is gratifying that the attacks of the Novgorodian are becoming restrained, gradually transforming from vicious libels into more or less acceptable criticism, albeit poorly substantiated. I will say more, to a certain extent I am even grateful to Izotov for the new "revealing" article. Of course, not in terms of the author's explicit intention to sully the honor of a respected person, but in relation to the topic he raised, a topical and very sensitive one - the topic of vanity. This vice, like rust, corrodes not only science, but also many other areas. Alas, the illusionary community is not left out.

A separate publication will be devoted to the problem of vanity in illusion, and today I will try to wash away the dirt that Izotov once again threw at Vladimir Serafimovich.

II. The dubious glory of RAE and the analogy with the Union of Illusionists

The love of science is the love of truth,
so honesty is basic
virtue of the scientist.

I must say right away that I have long known about the election of Professor Svechnikov as a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (RANH) and awarding him the Nobel medal, however, I only learned that SSTU published this information on its website from an Izotov article. I admit that I was somewhat annoyed by the revealed fact and even sent a message to Vladimir Serafimovich with notes of reproach.

Now he is visiting his daughter in the United States and, being surrounded by a loving family, is in a very good mood. The mouse fussing around the award seemed to amuse him greatly. In response to my remark, he answered with a laugh, they say, whether there will be more when Izotov finds out that recently RAE has introduced him to the order " Through Labor and Knowledge". In general, indeed, you will not get bored with this RAE. Perhaps here it is necessary to tell in more detail about RAE. What is this organization like and why are its signs of attention arousing suspicion?

The Russian Academy of Natural Sciences is a typical example of the so-called public academies of sciences. In Russia there are only six state academies of sciences and a lot of public ones. Their list, however, is far from complete, can be found on Wikipedia. This is the origin of public academies. Shortly before the collapse of the Soviet Union, domestic science, weakened during the years of mediocre Gorbachev's rule, was subjected to an even more severe test. Taking advantage of the agony of a dying power, inventive fellow scientists, in contrast to the USSR Academy of Sciences, established their own, public one. This is how the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (RANS) arose, and five years later its clone, the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (RAE and RANS are united not only by a similar name, they even have similar symbols). It would seem that what is wrong with alternative scientific associations? Practice, however, has shown that there are plenty of problems. Streams of pseudo-scientists and undisguised charlatans, eager to get the title of academicians, instantly flooded the new formations, turning them into a vanity fair. Pseudoscience, like a weed, began to clog traditional education, and young scientists have to break through the obstacles of obscurantists and grabbers. Worse than that, many do not even try to break through - they succumb to temptation and get stuck in a swamp of falsehood. The Internet is literally teeming with scandalous publications on this issue, so I will not expand further. Here are just a few links:

It may seem that expressing my rejection of RAE, I pour water on the Izotov mill. This is only partly true. The fact is that with public academies of sciences, everything is far from being so simple. Like most social phenomena, it is wrong to depict them only in black paint. But first things first.

At the end of June last year, Professor Svechnikov sent me two scans. The first is a letter on awarding him the Nobel medal (see at the top of the page - the image is opened by clicking the left mouse button), the second is a diploma on conferring the “academic title” of a corresponding member of the RANH.

Vladimir Serafimovich was somewhat puzzled by the increased attention paid to him by RAE and shared with me his doubts as to whether it would be expedient to supplement his biographical pages (including on Magickpedia) with this title and award. Here are two final phrases from our long Skype conversation:

Svechnikov Vladimir: Andrew, you don't have to post anything. I'll figure it out. The fact is that they really have VAK magazines! And a lot of conferences. And they came to me themselves, after my publication in their magazine. And all the initiative came from them. But you really wait. Thank you.

Andrey Fedorov: As far as I understand, they have only one VAK magazine. These are the same "Basic Research". And they act exactly like RSI. Attract all who have weight and name. Here's the ultimate goal is not clear to me yet, but I think that somehow they plan to draw money. Either from members or from the state. Or maybe from here and there...

As you can see, last year Vladimir Serafimovich and I drew attention to the similarities between the tactics of the RAE and the Union of Illusionists.

Judge for yourself. Public academies of sciences were originally created as a counterbalance to the USSR Academy of Sciences and its successor, the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS). At the same time, the thesis about stagnation in Soviet science, old farts-academicians, and so on was actively exaggerated. The Koroblevsko-Izotov Union of Illusionists also began to form in defiance of the Russian Association of Illusionists (RAI), exuding a similar slander. On the eve of the 30th anniversary of the Moscow Club of Magicians (MKF, now RAI), the so-called initiative group for the creation of the SI published a populist appeal that mixes modern Russian illusion with mud:

One of the once most beloved genres in Russia - illusion - is now almost forgotten. The level of a few shows and performances is far behind the world trends, both in terms of professional performance and interest for the audience. The bright names of talented magicians have not been heard for a long time. There are practically no prerequisites for their appearance, there is no development, the unique masters of the illusion genre leave, almost without leaving a new shift!

But the main similarity between the public academies of sciences and the SI lies in the uniform personnel policy. Both join their ranks, cultivating vanity. The first offer controversial "academic titles" and awards, the second tempt "responsible positions" in their paper organization. Some magicians really took the bait, but then realized who they were dealing with and left the Illusionist Union. Undoubtedly, it was not a momentary impulse, but a balanced decision, because a clear conscience is more valuable than a dubious title on a business card...

III. Is everything so bad at the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences?

There is no bad without good.

So why is black paint alone not enough to depict RAE and similar structures?

The fact is that along with adventurers and charlatans, such as the developers of the theory of torsion fields, quite decent people are part of the public academies of sciences. The image of a solid organization requires just such members. The more of them, the better. World-famous scientists are of particular value. In order to get them into their ranks, the leadership of public academies is even ready to incur costs, realizing that in the future the costs will pay off handsomely due to the mass character that the big name of the newly-made academician will provide.

Many conscientious members of public academies perceive the received titles and awards as a kind of advance. Subsequently, they gradually return it by publishing their works, participating in conferences and symposiums held under the auspices of the academies. As for members like Grigory Grabovoi, who have irrevocably discredited themselves in the eyes of the public, they can be painlessly excluded from the membership, because they have already made their financial injections in the form of contributions and payment for titles, and the money is not refundable.

This is how organizations with a dubious past gradually "cleanse themselves" and gain recognition. If in the 1990s the public academies of sciences were a collection of terry obscurantism, then twenty years later the situation has improved significantly. Along with the distribution of badges and "academic titles", large-scale events are held, and truly important and topical problems are considered.

A small digression. It is curious that the analogy between public academies and the Union of Illusionists (SI) works at this stage as well. Despite the current populism, aggressive rhetoric and vain attempts by the SI to raise its own importance by attracting big names, it cannot be ruled out that over time the virtual organization will still be able to transform into a really functioning association of magicians. True, this will happen only after people reach out there for the sake of cultural and professional values, and not for the sake of fake titles, when paper art develops into stage art, and the leadership passes into the hands of those who prefer business to idle talk. Theoretically, such a prospect is not excluded. In the end, the Izotovs and others like him, they are not eternal ... Maybe it was precisely this outcome that the leaders of the RAI counted on, including when, in response to unfriendly, and sometimes openly hostile actions on the part of representatives of the SI board, they showed wise restraint, and during the Open competitions of the RAI they even showed public signs of respect to the head of the SI S.I. Koroblev...

However, back to RAE. She like her elder sister Ryan, has changed a lot. Today, many educational institutions and prominent representatives of Russian science approve of the activities of public academies and do not shy away from their titles. The Saratov Polytechnic University is among the universities that recognize RANH and RANS. So, the first vice-rector of SSTU Alexander Alexandrovich Sytnik is an academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, which is openly reported on the university website:

For services in science and education A.A. Sytnik was noted: in 1996 - by being elected a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences; in 1999 he was elected an academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences.

So, put yourself in the place of Professor Svechnikov. On the one hand, the immediate superiors, who, by their own example, assert the legitimacy of public academies, on the other, some annoying Novgorod spiteful critic, who, you see, does not like the awards and titles of RAE ... Which side would you listen to?

Undoubtedly, the priority will be given to the authorities. In addition, Vladimir Serafimovich was very attracted by the potential opportunity to travel to Sochi in September 2012 for the awards ceremony. And who would refuse such a fabulous freebie?! After all, this is a chance to look at the pre-Olympic city, plunge into the gentle sea and meet an old friend. Here is another excerpt from our correspondence:

Svechnikov Vladimir: Let's wait a while. I should receive a medal in the fall at the Academy session in Sochi. There I will talk to the members of the presidium and try to understand the essence of this academy. On the one hand, VAK journals, international conferences, electronic publications, medals, titles, etc. But on the other hand, everything you sent. I have read this before, and hesitated for a long time whether to accept membership. But colleagues at our university assured me that all this is quoted and everything is in order. In general, let's wait.

Alas, visiting sessions of the RANH do not provide free participation of nominees. Public academies are not designed for such altruism. SSTU was also not eager to pay, in fact, a resort trip. As a result, Vladimir Serafimovich lost interest in the award and did not go to the presentation. Later, the medal was sent to him by mail. This year, probably, they will send an order. We decided not to publish information about the title and medal of RANH on magicpedia ...

Then everything was simple and routine. The certification of the teaching staff of SSTU took place, following which Professor Svechnikov continued his teaching activities at the Department of Natural and Technosphere Safety, and the system administrator of the university website posted information on the network that became an annoying factor for Izotov. Recently, Vladimir Serafimovich himself, in a soft, intelligent manner, outlined his attitude to titles and awards. Of course, his story is an unaddressed rebuke to the poisonous spit from Novgorod.

Now you know everything and I am sure you will be able to give your own assessment of the actions of both Professor Svechnikov and his detractor Izotov. Who among them should be ashamed and who should apologize for immoral behavior?

In general, it is symptomatic that Izotov himself speaks about morality. After a series of "highly ethical" actions, his moralizing looks, to put it mildly, ridiculous.

The fate of this appeal is curious. When Vladimir Serafimovich criticized it to the nines and sent his comments to Sergei Koroblev, the original text was hastily redrawn in accordance with the comments. Thus, Professor Svechnikov involuntarily acted as a proofreader. And what do we have? Instead of gratitude for the work done proactively, Deputy Chairman of the Board SI Izotov is trying to dump the respected professor in the mud. It's not going well... Everyone has long understood that Izotov is taking revenge on Svechnikov, but it's not clear why. And maybe here lies the solution? Surely Izotov himself was the author of the illiterate original version of the appeal, from which no stone was left unturned after the intervention of Vladimir Serafimovich?

Please note that in the case of Professor Svechnikov, the initiative to award the Alfred Nobel medal did not come from him. In other words, it was not Vladimir Serafimovich who needed the academy, but the academy needed him. Is it not because the Novgorodian is raging that RAE is trying to drag into its nets the “mediocrity” of Svechnikov, and not the “brilliant inventor” Izotov at all? What nevertheless moved the dirty Izotov pen, a thirst for justice or banal envy?

The plan of conferences and sessions of RANH is interesting. They are held annually in the Velvet season in Sochi, Thailand, Emirates or anywhere in Europe. It is not difficult to guess that leaders of various stripes willingly flock to such events. Mostly those who actually manage finances. In fact, for them, these conferences become a cover for additional vacation at public expense. Oh, those science scammers!

P.S. Thank you Alexander Vinokurov for not allowing me to use your resource to accommodate Izotovskie attacks on Vladimir Serafimovich. Let the spiteful critic spit on his own site and the SI forum. There's a better place for a spittoon...

Comments

After all, everything is clearer than clear!))) Mr. Izotov - Alfred is our Nobel, VS is the same mathematician. Search a woman.)))

RAE is a sharashkin office. For a real scientist to be in Paradise is a shame.
The most disgusting thing is that the diplomas they issue in English contain spelling errors. In order to close RAE and RANS. What are they needed for? After all, there is a RAS in fact!

As a published author in the publications of RAE, I agree with a share of criticism here, but not with a share. How much more, I don't know yet.
As for the medals, I agree with a greater share, although I myself have one.
Here is how it was. On June 27, 2016 I received the following message.
“As part of the implementation of these decisions of the RANH Presidium, your scientific article
"RETHINKING EXPLANATIONS OF THE MOST COMMON PROCESSES"
(published in the journal "International Journal of Applied and fundamental research"Issue No. 5-2 / 2015. pp. 213-218) was selected for presentation and discussion at the Moscow International Salon of Education 2016.
You, as a participant of the Salon, can order the sending of the “Diploma of the participant of the Moscow International Salon of Education 2016” and the “gold” Medal of the Salon”.
Since the article is very interesting - in it I present in detail with graphics a very small part of the obvious and specific absurdities in modern physics and the way to correct them. And he considered the medal well deserved.
Here is a link to this issue - http://www.rae.ru/upfs/pdf/2015/2015_05_2.pdf
And on May 18, on the 17th, I received next letter which says -
– “Your scientific article
"What is electric current and thermal energy and how one of them can be transferred to the other and back" (published in the journal "International Journal of Applied and Basic Research" 2016. - No. 4-2. - P. 352-355) selected for presentation and discussions at the Moscow International Salon of Education 2017”.
And they also offered to redeem the gold medal.
Although I consider this article to be quite a breakthrough, I refused the medal, believing that it had become more of a source of income for them.
And now about the main thing.
The term "cabal" to a greater extent can be attributed to the Russian Academy of Sciences. They do not look at the essence and arguments. They are allowed only information that they themselves adhere to. And if you point out inconsistencies and obvious nonsense in textbooks, then silence in response
Do not believe that there are no mistakes in modern physics? I can give many examples. Here is one of the latest that I found and for which I have a CLEAR explanation.
We delve into! We refer to radio waves as electromagnetic, since we receive them using electrical alternating current.
But! If we ask ourselves the question - what do they consist of, then in response we can read - from photons.
We look - what is written about photons in Wikipedia.
Photon is an elementary particle, a quantum of electromagnetic radiation.
If the first is clear to us, then the second meaning for most, if not all, raises many questions.
Further we read that there is a photon - a carrier of electromagnetic interaction. And then it is said that a photon is a massless particle that can exist in a vacuum only moving at the speed of light.
And that the electric charge of the photon is also zero.
And now let's ask a question. How can a particle carry electromagnetic radiation if it does not have an electric charge?
Alas! Modern physics has no answer to this question. Maybe the answer lies in the essence of the term - charge? We open WIKI and see what modern physics understands by the term charge. Reading. Charge is physical quantity, which is the source of the field through which the interaction of particles with this characteristic is carried out.
We turn on the mind, and we understand that we do not understand anything.
Something that it may be on the physical level, we do not know, but it has a magnitude and is carried by something that does not have it.
Think about it! We have interpretations of basic concepts that do not fit with each other!
And I see the root of all mistakes in the following mistake, which was made two hundred years ago.
We delve into! If we want to read something about caloric, then, looking on the Internet, we find the following.
For example here - https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/bse/139118/Teplorod
"Teplorod
hypothetical thermal matter (weightless liquid), the presence of which in bodies in the 18-19 centuries tried to explain the observed thermal phenomena (heating of bodies, heat transfer, thermal expansion, thermal equilibrium, etc.)”.
Similar information here - https://kartaslov.ru/meaning-words/caloric
"Teplorod (tracing paper from the Greek φλογιστός - flame), Phlogiston - according to the views common in the 18th - early 19th centuries, a weightless fluid that is present in every body and is the cause of thermal phenomena."
In other sources, the information is not much different from the above.
Note that caloric everywhere (in all sources) is initially referred to as a weightless fluid.
But! In fact (which was simply or deliberately forgotten), the elements of caloric were initially rewarded with the forces of interaction between themselves and other elements of matter. That is, in the initial conditions, the elements of caloric (hereinafter ET) were presumably given the repulsive forces between themselves and the forces of attraction to other elements.
Presumably because any theory starts with some kind of assumption.
Let us now analyze what logically follows from this assumption.
That is, we will do what scientists should have done before.
So, if ET, which are in the structure of each atom and molecule of any body, interact with other elements of matter and ET inside this body, then this means that they must experience some interaction (at least the smallest) with those different ( i.e. other) elements of matter and those ETs that are in other bodies. If there is a body nearby, in which the composition is similar to ET, then in the relationship of these bodies, neither the forces of attraction nor the forces of repulsion can manifest themselves in any way.
In other words, there is a balance of forces between these bodies.
Another thing is if their composition with ET between bodies varies greatly.
And then it is necessary to compare the interactions of atoms with ET on the surface of the earth with what is hidden under the earth's crust. Recalling the existence of volcanoes and geysers, it should be noted that under the earth's crust, i.e. in the hot core of the Earth, there is a huge amount of ET.
Therefore, if ETs located in the structure of an atom or molecule of any body have repulsive forces from each other, then they must experience to some extent repulsive forces from those ETs that are under the earth's crust.
This means that with the given initial data, ET, interacting with what is inside the earth, cannot be weightless fluids in principle!
The stronger this or that interaction of the ET of a particular atom or molecule with the earth and the closer or farther from the earth they are, the greater or less the strength of their interaction with the earth.
Over time, after the "caloric" was rejected, most likely, no one returned to the analysis of its properties at the level of specific forces.
Consequently, at one time, a poorly performed analysis of the properties of ET led to the fact that its true properties were not considered and revealed in full. Or rather, they were completely distorted!
Since the members of the Russian Academy of Sciences do not even want to enter into correspondence with me, I considered it necessary to publish where my work is accepted.
Moreover, on YouTube (like Yuri Sopov) I post my lectures. The questions that appeared here and much more there have clear answers.
Those who want to support or object to me in a personal can do this - [email protected]

Thank you, Yuri Vasilyevich, for your lengthy comment.
The text presented by you is a clear and very accurate description of RAE and its scientific contingent. Good luck in your search for phlogiston, caloric and others like them.

It smacks of sarcasm, but thanks anyway for the wish, although I'm not looking for either phlogiston or caloric in the form in which it appears in all scientific and other literature. What I have already done binds caloric and graviton into a single element, and therefore it cannot
to be a weightless fluid. And with the resulting element, I have explanations (not to mention many of the most common physical processes) even unambiguity where modern physics promotes dualism. And this is far from laughter, especially sarcastic.

Thanks again, Yuri Vasilyevich. I am glad that your insight extends not only to the microcosm, but also to the typology of laughter. You are absolutely right. Sarcastic laughter is out of place here. There must be some Homeric laughter here... ;)