Types of connection parallel serial homogeneous. NGN with multiple clauses: examples

Lectures #10-11

Polynomial complex sentences (with several subordinate clauses)

Punctuation marks in complex sentences

Plan

1. Polynomial NGN with clauses related to one main:

a) homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses;

b) heterogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

2. Polynomial SPP with sequential subordination.

3. Punctuation marks in NGN.

4. Parsing polynomial SPP.

Literature

1. Valgina N.S Syntax of the modern Russian language: [Textbook. for universities on special "Journalism"] / N.S. Valgin. – M.: graduate School, 1991. - 431 p.

2. Beloshapkova V.A. Modern Russian language: Syntax / V.A. Beloshapkova, V.N. Belousov, E.A. Bryzgunov. – M.: Azbukovnik, 2002. – 295 p.

3. Pospelov N.S. Complex sentence and its structural types / N.S. Pospelov // Questions of linguistics. - 1959. - No. 2. – pp. 19-27

Complex sentences may have not one, but several subordinate clauses.

Complex sentences with two or more subordinate clauses are two main types:

1) all subordinate clauses are attached directly to the main sentence (homogeneous and heterogeneous, that is, parallel subordination);

2) the first subordinate clause is attached to the main clause, the second - to the first subordinate clause, etc. (successive subordination).

I. Clauses that are attached directly to the main clause can be homogeneous and heterogeneous.

Complex sentences with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

With this subordination, all subordinate clauses refer to one word in the main part or to the entire main clause, answer the same question and belong to the same type of subordinate clauses. Homogeneous subordinate clauses can be connected with each other coordinating conjunctions or unionless (only with the help of intonation). The connections of homogeneous clauses with the main clause and between themselves resemble the connections of homogeneous members of the sentence.

For example:

[I came to you with greetings tell What?], (that the sun has risen), (that it trembled with hot light on the sheets). (A. Fet.)

[That , (who lives the real life), (who has been accustomed to poetry since childhood),forever believes in the life-giving, full of reason Russian language]. (N. Zabolotsky.)

[At the end of May, the young bear was drawn to her relatives. places which? ], ( where she was born) And ( where the months of childhood were so memorable).

In a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination, the second subordinate clause may not have a subordinating conjunction.

For example: ( If there is water) And ( there won't be any fish in it), [I don't trust water]. (M. Prishvin.) [ Let's shudder], (if suddenly a bird flies) or ( elk trumpets in the distance). (Yu. Drunina.)

2. Complex sentences with heterogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses (or with parallel subordination). With such subordination, the subordinate clauses include:

a) to different words the main sentence or one part to the whole main, and the other to one of its words;

b) to one word or to the entire main clause, but they answer different questions and are different types of subordinate clauses.

For example: ( When in my hands A new book ), [I feel], (that something living, speaking, wonderful came into my life). (M. Gorky.)

(If we turn to the best examples prose), [then we will make sure], (that they are full of genuine poetry). (K. Paustovsky.)

[From the world (which is called children's), door leading to space], (where they dine and drink tea) (Chekhov).

II. Complex sentences with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses.

This type of complex sentences with two or more subordinate clauses includes those in which subordinate clauses form a chain: the first clause refers to the main clause (subordinate clause of the 1st degree), the second clause refers to the clause of the 1st degree (subordinate clause of the 2nd degree), etc.

For example: [ Young Cossacks rode vaguely and held back tears], (because they were afraid of their father), (who was also somewhat embarrassed), (though I tried not to show it). (N. Gogol)

The specificity of the subordinate parts in this case is that each of them is subordinate in relation to the previous one and main in relation to the next one.

For example: Often in autumn I would closely watch falling leaves to catch that imperceptible split second when a leaf separates from a branch and begins to fall to the ground.(Paustovsky).

At successive subordination one clause can be inside another; in this case, there may be two subordinating unions nearby: what and if, what and when, what and since, etc.

For example: [ The water crashed so scary], (What, (when the soldiers ran below), raging streams were already flying after them) (M. Bulgakov).

There are also complex sentences with a combined type of subordination of subordinate clauses.

For example: ( When the chaise left the yard), [he (Chichikov) looked back and saw], (that Sobakevich was still standing on the porch and, as it seemed, was peering, wanting to know), (where the guest will go). (Gogol)

This is a complex sentence with parallel and sequential subordination of subordinate clauses.

Lesson: "Types of subordination of subordinate clauses"

Lesson Objectives : teach to determine the type of subordination in a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses; to form the ability to correctly punctuate the sentences of the specified structure.

Lesson objectives :

Educational:

Expand students' understanding of complex sentences, types of subordination;

Repeat and deepen information about the syntax of a complex sentence;

Repeat the types of subordinate clauses;

To form the skills and abilities of competent writing;

To consolidate knowledge of terms, to teach participation in a conversation, the construction of a statement.

Developing:

Develop the ability to systematize, analyze;

Develop attention and speech logical thinking;

Develop skills of working in small groups (in pairs and in a group);

Educational:

Raise the need for knowledge;

Cultivate love for your native language.

Lesson progress:

1. Organizational moment .

Guys, we continue to work with you to prepare for the exam. Today we have a new topic of the lesson, it is connected with complex sentences. We will introduce you to new types of syntactic constructions.

Look carefully at task 13 of one of the GIA options. It sounds like this:

13. Among sentences 8 - 12, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

Answer: __________________________________________. (On the desk)

Try to formulate the theme of the lesson on your own.

The topic of the lesson is: "Types of subordination of subordinate clauses"

What are our goals and objectives?

Learn to determine the type of subordination in a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses; to form the ability to correctly punctuate the sentences of the specified structure.

We write down the number and topic of the lesson in the GIA notebook.

Before starting to study new topic Let's do a repetition.

2. Spelling warm-up (Test for everyone followed by verification)

Each of you has a test with tasks - to indicate words with an alternating vowel in the root. You need to find a word in each task, highlight the root and explain what determines the spelling of this vowel in the root. (Time - 3 minutes)

1. Indicate the word with an alternating vowel in the root:

1. thicket ( -roS- - o, -raST-, -raSH)

2. dew

3. measurement

4. belated

The spelling of a vowel fundamentally depends on what consonants follow it: laG- - a, -loZh- - o: expound - expound; -roS- - oh, -raST-, -raSH- - a: I grew up - I grow, I will grow.

Exceptions: sprout, usurer, Rostov, Rostislav, industry.

2. Specify a word with an alternating vowel in the root:

1. wholeheartedly

2. wade (-e-/-and-:)

3. proceed

4. thin out

The spelling of a vowel depends on the suffix following the root.

Ber- - -bira-: I will remove - I remove

Der- - -dira-: run away - run away

Mer- - world-: die - die

Per- - -pira-: lock - lock

Ter- - -tira-: wipe - wipe

Brilliant- - -blista-: shine - shine

Stel- - -steel-: lay - cover

Burned- - -burned-: lit - ignite

3. Specify a word with an alternating vowel in the root:

1. naked,

2. dedicate

3. hit

4. plain ( equal- - -even-) Roots in which the spelling of a vowel depends on the meaning.

-equal- - is written in words meaning equality:Solve the equation.

Rovn- - in words meaning something even, i.e. smooth, straight Smooth out the folds.

3.Syntactic warm-up.

1 task (oral)

1.Replace the phrase built on the basis of agreement with a synonymous phrase with the connection control.

Management agreement.

bookstore (bookstore), plank shed (board shed), in a crystal vase (in a crystal vase), evening coolness (coolness of the evening), goose flock (flock of geese).

2. Replace the phrase built on the basis of the adjacency with a synonymous phrase with the connection control.

Connection to control.

treat humorously (treat with humor), shrank sadly (shrunk with longing), look frightened (look with fear), solidly ruled (ruled with solidity)

3. Replace the phrase built on the basis of control with a synonymous phrase with an adjacency relation.

Adjacency management.

ate with greed (ate greedily), sat down for dinner (sat down to dine), got out with dexterity (got out dexterously), speaks with joy (says joyfully)

4. Replace the phrase built on the basis of control with a synonymous phrase with the linkage agreement.

Management for approval.

Krylov's fable (Krylov's fable),painting exhibition (art exhibition), war years (war years), strawberry in the meadow (meadow strawberry)

2 task (on sheets, the proposal is written on the board, one works at the board)

- Write down the complex subordination of the sentence, highlight the grammatical foundations, indicate the boundaries, determine the type of the subordinate clause.

[ View him was like that ], (as if somebody offended ).(definitive)

[ X ], (what ...)

[ It was night ],(When I went out to the street from home), (where in the circle of loved ones read your story) because I trusted their literary taste)

(1 subordinate clause - attributive, 2 - attributive, 3 - explanatory)

Which? What? Why?

[ X ], (when ...) , (where ..), (because ....)

How are these offers different? (in the 1st one subordinate clause, in the 2nd three clauses.

Conclusion: A complex sentence can have one or more subordinate clauses.

4. Learning a new topic

Let's do the research. Recall the material on physics "Types of connection of conductors"

What types of conductor connections are there? (Serial and Parallel)

How are conductors connected? serial connection? (series-connected receivers electric current follow each other, an example is a Christmas tree garland).

How are conductors connected in parallel?

(All conductors are connected at two points - nodes. With a parallel connection, the beginnings of all conductors are connected to one point of the electrical circuit, and the ends to another).

We have noted such phenomena as serial and parallel subordination. The Russian language also has such phenomena.

We noted that in a complex sentence there can be several subordinate clauses. In this case, it is important to understand how all parts of a complex sentence are interconnected, what is subordinate to what.

Possiblethree types of subordination of subordinate clauses :

1) consistent submission,

2) parallel subordination,

3) homogeneous subordination.

1. Consistent submission

With sequential subordination, a chain of sentences is formed: the first clause is subordinate to the main clause, the second clause is subordinate to the first clause, and so on. With this type of subordination, each subordinate clause is the main one for the subsequent subordinate clause.

Consider (All suggestions on the board)

[ I'm afraid ], (What Anna be late for the exam), (which should start early in the morning). (1 subordinate clause - explanatory, 2 - attributive)

Scheme: [ ... ], (conjunction that ...), (union word which ...).

what? Which?

[X], (what…) , (which…)

(Sequential, if part of the chain or sentence is removed, the electrical circuit, the semantic and grammatical integrity of the sentence is violated)

With sequential subordination, the subordinate clause related to the main one is called the subordinate clause of the first degree, and the next subordinate clause is called the subordinate clause of the second degree, etc.

2. Parallel subordination

If one main clause includes subordinate clauses different types, then a parallel subordination is formed. With this type of subordination, both subordinate clauses belong to the same main one. It is important that these clauses are of different types, and they answer different questions.

(When the teacher came in), [the guys stood up], (to greet her).

(1 - time, 2 - goals)

Scheme: (union word when ...), [ ... ], (union to ...).

When? For what purpose?

(when ...), [ X ], (to ...)

(Parallel, if part of the chain or sentence is removed, the electrical circuit is not broken, and the semantic and grammatical integrity of the sentence)

3. Homogeneous submission

If the subordinate clausesare sentences of the same type Andrefer to the same member of the main clause or to the entire main clause as a whole , then a homogeneous subordination is formed. With homogeneous subordination, subordinate clausesanswer the same question .

[ I suddenly felt ], (How tension subsided ) And How it became easy in my soul). (both subordinate explanatory clauses)

Scheme: [ ... ], (conjunction as ...) and (conjunction as ...).

What ?

[X] ,(like..) and (like..)

Subordinate explanatory sentences are similar to homogeneous members of the sentence, they are connected with each other by the union and. Both subordinate clauses refer to the member of the sentence in the main clause. There is no comma between them.

5. Anchoring

Row work. Complete the task: put punctuation marks, determine the type of subordination of subordinate clauses

1 row. He rushed at the deer and pulled the rope,Bye not convincedWhat the animals are standing.

How long? In what?

[...stretched], (until... not convinced ), ( What… )

Sequential submission

2 row. Now,When deer were cut off from the willow cape,When he averted the greatest danger for the herd, Arsin gradually calmed down ...

When?

[ ..., (when ...), (when ...) ... calmed down]

Homogeneous submission

3 row. When has begun coniferous forest he immediately felthow much the wind is weaker here.

When? What?

(When ... started), [... felt], (how much ...)

Parallel subordination

6. Educational assessment - cognitive activity

FI

tasks

total

Exercise 1.

1) Arsin had no choice but to start pulling off the tarpaulin wanderings filled with water and swollen like logs, soaking through with moisture.2) When it became quite warm in the hut, Taya went out so that he could be left alone and be able to dry his linen shirt and trousers.

Task 2 . Among the sentences, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses. Enter the offer number. Write your answer on the score sheet.

1). There was still no movement of ice, and the banks remained narrow and shallow: even from here it was noticeable that the water barely reached the belly of the animals. 2) Deer calves, just born, minced next to some women.3) Arsin saw how hesitantly the kids started swimming, how strenuously the whelps snorted, making a signal to follow them.

Task 3. Among the sentences, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. Enter the offer number. Write your answer on the score sheet.

1) The gurgle of water under the hooves grew louder, and Arsin realized that a rather large herd was being transported to the island, moving faster and faster. 2) To make sure of this, he decided to climb up the stairs, built to view the surroundings even when they were building a hut with his father. 3) They stuffed a dozen strong cross-beams onto two larches standing next to each other - they got a reliable structure that had been serving regularly for almost five decades ... (according to R. Rugin)

Task 4. Among the sentences, find a complex sentence with parallel subordination of subordinate clauses. Enter the offer number. Write your answer on the score sheet.

1) He could not say how long he dragged on the heavy skins, where he was going. 2) I came to my senses only on the bank of the wide Meleksimsky litter, about twenty kilometers from the former place. 3) I raised my head: the sun was already approaching noon ... (according to R. Rugin)

The assignments are checked against the teacher's checklist and assessment sheets.

7. Lesson summary

Let's summarize the lesson:

What are the ways of subordinating subordinate clauses in a complex sentence?

Why do you need to know the NGN groups according to the method of subordination?

(To punctuate in NGN with several subordinate clauses, complete test exam tasks)

8. Homework:

1. Specify WBS with homogeneous subordination.

A) They write to me that you, melting your anxiety, are very sad about me, that you often go to the road in an old-fashioned shabby hustle.

B) The closer the boat approaches, the brighter the night seemed to him, although anyone would call this darkness pitch-black.

C) I want you to hear how my living voice yearns.

2. Determine the type of subordination of subordinate clauses.

When the first warmth came, there was not a day since my very early childhood so that I don't go to play in the near garden of the medical academy.

A) uniform.

B) Parallel (heterogeneous).

B) consecutive.

3. Find an NGN with several clauses.

A) Only rooks, grown old in the steppe, calmly hovered over the grass, or indifferently, not paying attention to anything, pecked the stale earth with their beaks.

B) Quietly, as only animals can, the bear was sitting near a motionless human figure, barely visible on the slope of a snowdrift.

C) No matter how excited she was, she could not help answering that the Germans did not have anti-aircraft artillery here.

4. Specify WBS with daisy chaining.

A) As long as we burn with freedom, as long as our hearts are alive for honor, my friend, we will devote our souls to the fatherland beautiful impulses!

B) The night was so black that in the first minutes, until the eyes got used to it, they had to grope for the way.

C) When all the units were again drawn to the highway, the news came that the commander was wounded in the head.

5. Specify WBS with homogeneous subordination.

A) I went to a stop where there was no one, because the bus had just left.

B) The question is not who is to blame, but the question is what to do now.

C) Something happened that Davydov could not forget for a long time and that from time to time made him shudder.

NGN with multiple clauses

A table with examples will help determine which types are divided into

complex sentences with three or more predicative parts.

Should be remembered

good helper in the development of SPP with several subordinate clauses - exercises, the implementation of which will help to consolidate the acquired knowledge.

In this case, it is better to act according to the algorithm:

Select all means of communication, not forgetting about compound or used conjunctions. Establish semantic connections between the parts: to do this, first find the main one, then ask a question (s) from it to the subordinate (s).

Build a diagram, showing on it with arrows the dependence of parts on each other, put punctuation marks in it. Move commas into the written sentence.

Thus, attentiveness in the construction and analysis (including punctuation) of a complex sentence - NGN with several specific clauses - and reliance on the above features of this syntactic construction will ensure the correct execution of the proposed tasks.

Exercises on the topic " NGN with several clauses "

Exercise 1.DEFINE THE TYPE OF SUBMISSION IN NGN:

1. A hero is a person who, at a decisive moment, does what needs to be done in the interests of human society.

2. In order to develop character, one must cultivate will in oneself, since a person without will is a toy in the hands of every rogue.

3. In order not to impoverish one's life, in order to be happy, a person must be able to understand the other.

4. When you see a person whose face is distorted with anger, you just need to smile.

5. In the morning, Repin hurried to the studio and literally tortured himself with creativity, because he was an unparalleled worker and was even ashamed of the passion for work that forced him to give all his strength to the canvases from dawn to dusk.

6. It used to happen that you enter the room, which was located under his workshop, you hear the clatter of his senile feet, because after each stroke he leaves to look at his canvas.

7. It is not known what Prishvin would have done in his life if he had remained an agronomist.

9. From people who have just put down the Prishvin book I read, I heard several times that his books are "real witchcraft."

10. In the silence, it was clearly heard how a man groaned and how hard the crust crunched under the feet of a bear, which was driven out of the forest by an unusual rumble and crackle.

Exercise 2. Determine the type of subordination of subordinate clauses in the NGN.

1. In order to imagine Vera's life, he had to travel back a quarter of a century back to the time when he was a student, thin, mobile.
2. When everyone went out to dinner and she was left alone with Ulyasha, Zhenya remembered everything in detail.
3. They were sitting at one of the windows, which were so dusty, prim and huge that they seemed to be some kind of institutions made of bottle glass, where you can’t stay in a hat.
4. And in the morning she began to ask questions about what Motovilikha was and what they did there at night.
5. Before telling about my journey to the “land of fearless birds”, I would like to explain why I decided to go from the center of the mental life of our country to the wilds.
6. When Zhenya later recalled that day on Osinskaya Street, where they then lived, he seemed to her always sad.
7. It was said in the corps that his irresistible ferocity was tamed by the general's quiet, like an angel, whom none of the cadets saw, because she was constantly ill.
8. Pierre, who was fondled and celebrated when he was the best suitor Russian Empire after his marriage, he lost much in the opinion of society.
9. And dad read a note that last night the seismic station of the observatory noted small tremors in our city, a consequence of a distant earthquake, the epicenter of which is located on the Asian coast of the Black Sea in Turkey, where several villages were destroyed.
10. He is glad that he has returned and that he will meet this day with his comrades.
11. Accompanied by a telephonist with a cable reel and two messengers, they ended up at the top when the sun was already approaching the horizon and its first rays were trying to break through the sky covered with clouds and a veil of smoke.
12. Zvyagintsev could not understand where he was, although he knew the area well.
13. He painfully tried to remember what these places looked like before, in order to orient himself.
14. They [the old men] said that when the tunnel was finished, it was necessary to transfer the wagons to Bek-Tash.
15. Artemiev confirmed that the leading surgeon of the medical battalion is still the same as he was under Serpilin.
16. Having reported to the general everything that was needed, he went into his room, in which, having returned a long time ago and waiting for him, Prince Galtsin was sitting.
17. We calculated that if we go along the path, we will go to the Naina River to the Koreans.
18. And, of course, they did not notice that on one of the pages of this newspaper is printed the very poem that Byron mentally recited.

Answers to exercise No. 2 on the topic "Types of subordination of subordinate clauses in the composition of NGN".

1. parallel
2. homogeneous
3. sequential
4. homogeneous
5. parallel
6. sequential
7. sequential
8. sequential
9.consecutive
10. homogeneous
11. homogeneous
12. parallel
13. parallel
14. sequential
15. sequential
16. parallel
17. sequential
18. sequential

Test on the topic "Complex sentence with several subordinate clauses"

1. In which complex sentence is there consistent subordination between the main and subordinate clauses?

1) The more a person knows, the more he sees the poetry of the earth where a person with meager knowledge will never find it.

2) Savrasov looked to us from another world, where giant sorcerers live and from where it is impossible to leave with impunity for a long time.

3) It began to slightly press on the whiskey, as it presses on the head when you circle for a long time on a carousel.

4) I was born in a forest farm and spent part of my childhood in dense forests, where bears walk along impassable portages and swamps, and wolves drag in packs.

2. In which complex sentence is there a homogeneous subordination between the main and subordinate clauses?

1) He gently kissed his wife and went into the room where his paints, brushes, canvas were waiting for him - everything without which he could not imagine a single day of life.

2) From the Kremlin wall, on which Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich stands, you can see how rowers are exhausted, struggling with the current.

3) One could hear the Neva splashing uneasily nearby and a wet flag humming somewhere above the rooftops.

4) When this conversation was going on, in the next room there was a rural miller, whom Ivan Kolymet called to Kurbsky's estate to grind grain.

3. In which complex sentence is there a heterogeneous (parallel) subordination between the main and subordinate clauses?

1) Everything that the company had to do in the dark, Ryumin not only knew consistently, but also saw in that sharpened ray of light that was centered in his mind.

2) Although there is an inscription above the gate that the building is under state protection, no one is guarding it.

3) Ignatius Khvostov told his comrades about who Trajan was and what cruel persecutions he subjected the first Christians to.

4) It is not known whether the yacht was built before Peter's first arrival by Bazhenin, or whether it was presented to the Russian Tsar by Dutch merchants.

4. Explain the placement of a comma and a dash in a complex sentence.

But for the villages to fall,

So that the fields are empty -

We are blessed

The king of heaven gave hardly! (A. K. Tolstoy).

1. A comma separates subordinate clauses of a sentence, and a dash separates two homogeneous clauses from the main clause.

2. A comma separates the subordinate clauses of the sentence, and a dash separates the homogeneous clauses in front of the main part, since when reading between them, a significant pause is made (for the purpose of intonational emphasis on the clauses).

5. With the help of what sign are homogeneous subordinate clauses separated in the structure of a polynomial complex sentence?

There was that hour before the night, when the outlines, lines, colors, distances are erased when else daylight gets confused, inextricably linked, with the night (M. Sholokhov).

1. Comma.

2. Semicolon, since homogeneous clauses are common: yes homogeneous members and isolated turnover.

6. What type of subordination is presented in a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses?

I don't know if the grace will touch My painfully sinful soul, Will it succeed in resurrecting and rising. Will spiritual fainting go away? (F. Tyutchev).

1. Homogeneous subordination.

2. Heterogeneous subordination.

7. Do I need a comma at the junction of two subordinating conjunctions in a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses? How many commas should be in this sentence?

Fyodor expected that when he saw not a reproduction, but a canvas which the hand of Surikov himself touched, he should deafen him, take his breath, then he should dream at night (V. Tendryakov).

1. A comma is needed; just seven commas.

2. No comma needed; just six commas.

8. Determine the type of subordination in a polynomial complex sentence.

At this time, it is usually indecent for ladies to go, because the Russian people love to express themselves in such harsh expressions, which they probably will not hear even in the theater (N. Gogol).

1. Heterogeneous subordination.

2. Consistent submission.

9. Determine the types of subordinate clauses in a polynomial complex sentence. What type of subordination is presented in a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses?

And so that the children would not tease the beggars, he [Nosopyr] pretended to be a cow doctor, carried a canvas bag with a red cross on his side, where he kept a chisel for chopping hooves and dry bunches of St. John's wort grass (V. Belov).

1. Heterogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses: the subordinate clause of the goal and the subordinate clause are attached to the main part.

2. Heterogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses: the subordinate clause of the goal and the clause of the place are attached to the main part.

10. How many parts does this complex sentence with several subordinate clauses consist of and what type of subordination is presented in it?

The next day, Sanin was still in bed, like Emil already, in a festive dress, with a cane in his hand and heavily oiled, burst into his room and announced that Herr Klüber would immediately arrive with a carriage, that the weather promised to be amazing, that they everything is ready, but that mother will not go, because her head aches again (I. Turgenev).

1. The proposal contains eight parts; homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses is presented.

2. The proposal contains seven parts; mixed subordination of subordinate clauses is presented.

11. What type of subordination is presented in a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses? Explain why only one comma is used in the sentence.

When winter came and the garden and the house were covered with snow, a wolf howl was heard at night (A. N. Tolstoy).

1. A sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses.

2. A sentence with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

12. Analyze complex sentences. Select simple parts, set their number. Determine the nature of the relationship between them.

At times, Maria was ready to believe that some ancient artist miraculously guessed that the girl Maria would one day appear in the world, and in advance created her a portrait in bas-relief of a mysterious, enchanted palace, which was supposed to remain untouchable underground for centuries (V. Bryusov) .

1. The proposal consists of four parts, connected by mixed subordination.

2. The sentence consists of five parts, connected by a homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

13. Analyze complex polynomial sentences with a subordinate relationship. Set the method of connection between the subordinate and main parts, name the type of subordinate.

Since Chekhov had no novels, it seemed obvious that he had nothing to do with Dostoevsky, Turgenev, or Goncharov (M. Gromov).

1. The subordinate part of the cause is attached to the main part by means of a semantic causal union because; the subordinate explanatory clause is attached to the main part through the functional union what; the polynomial presents a heterogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

2. A sentence with consistent subordination of subordinate clauses; the subordinate part of the cause is attached to the main part with a semantic causal union since; the subordinate explanatory clause is attached to the main part with a functional union that.

14. How many commas should be placed in a complex sentence with several subordinate clauses? Name the type of subordination of subordinate parts to the main one.

In the middle of the day, a cow was released into the field so that she would walk at will and so that she would feel better (A. Platonov).

1. One comma; homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

2. Two commas; heterogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

15. Name the type of subordinate clauses, set the method of connection of the subordinate and main parts.

The fog lasted for a long time, until eleven o'clock, until some kind of force was found that lifted it up (V. Rasputin).

1. Offer with mixed submission; the clause of time is attached to the main part with a semantic temporary union until, the attributive clause is attached to the main part with the allied word which.

2. Offer with consistent submission; the clause of time is attached to the main part with a semantic temporary union until, the attributive clause is attached to the main part with the allied word which.

16. Do I need a comma at the junction of two unions - coordinating and subordinating? How many commas should be included in this complex sentence?

That night, Chubarev also did not go to bed, and when he finally escorted everyone out of the office and looked at his watch, he only shrugged his shoulders (P. Proskurin).

1. No comma needed; two commas.

2. A comma is needed; three commas.

3. A comma is needed; five commas.

17. Determine the type of subordination in a polynomial complex sentence. Do I need a comma before the union And?

When burdocks rustle in the ravine

And a bunch of yellow-red rowan droops,

I compose funny poems

About life perishable, perishable and beautiful (A. Akhmatova).

1. Heterogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses; a comma is needed.

2. Homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses; comma is not needed.

Complex sentence with several subordinate clauses (answers)

1. 3)
2. 3)
3. 1)
4. 2)
5. 2)
6. 1)
7. 1)
8. 2)
9. 1)
10. 2)
11. 2)
12. 1)
13. 1)
14. 1)
15. 2)
16. 1)
17. 2)

Parallel subordination of subordinate clauses is one of three types of subordination of secondary (or dependent) parts in each type. Each type has its own subtleties and tricks, knowing which you can easily determine this type.

Homogeneous, sequential and parallel subordination of subordinate clauses

All three types characterize the order in which the answer to the question posed from the main part of the sentence occurs. It is worth noting that there can be (and most often happens) several accessory parts and they can stand both in front of the main part and after it.

Homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses is such subordination when all minor parts answer the same question. As a rule, such clauses have one common union or For example: "Mom told me that everything would be fine and that she would buy me a doll." In this case, one common union "what" can be seen. However, there are also cases when the union is omitted, but it is implied. An example is the following sentence: "Nastya noticed that he was looking at her and he had a blush on his cheeks." In this version, the union is omitted, but the meaning remains the same. It is very important to clearly see this omitted conjunction, as such sentences are often found on the exam.

Sequential subordination of subordinate clauses is such a subordination when minor members answer the question of their "predecessor", That is, questions are asked from each part of the sentence to the subsequent member. For example: “I am sure that if I get an excellent score, then I will get into a good educational institution". The sequence is clearly expressed here: I am sure (of what?), that ..., then (what will happen?).

Parallel subordination of subordinate clauses is a type of subordination when the secondary parts belong to one They do not answer one question, but together they explain the meaning of the main statement. It is desirable to make schemes of this kind in order not to make a mistake in determining the type. So, submissions: "When the cat jumped out of the window, Masha pretended that nothing terrible had happened." So, the main part is the middle of the sentence (and from it you can ask a question both to the first subordinate clause and to the second one): Masha pretended (when?) And (what happened then?). It should be noted that a simple difficult sentence will not contain any of the above types of subordination. As a rule, they are built only on between parts.

Thus, we can conclude that in a complex sentence, dependent parts have three types of attachment: homogeneous, sequential and parallel subordination of subordinate clauses. Each type defines a dependency on the main member and a relationship with the same minor parts. To correctly determine this type, it is enough just to correctly ask a question and draw diagrams of complex sentences, marking these very questions with arrows. After a visual drawing, everything will immediately become clear.

Grechishnikova Marina Anatolievna,

teacher of Russian language and literature

MBOU "Secondary School No. 2" p.g.t. Urengoy

Complex sentences with several subordinate clauses. Types of submission.

Preparation for GIA. Task B8.

Target - systematize students' knowledge on the topic, improve their skills in working with tests and texts in preparation for the GIA

Lesson objectives:

Educational

• improve the ability to distinguish between types of subordination in a complex sentence;
• to acquaint with the work of Yuri Afanasiev.

Educational

• develop syntactic skills;
• develop writing skills;
• develop skills in working with tests (tasks A1 - B9).

Educational

• cultivate love for native land respect for the culture of the peoples of the North inhabiting Yamal;
• to educate a thinking reader on the works of Yamal writers.

Lesson equipment:

• computer;
• interactive board;
• textbook;
• notebooks;
• handouts (tests, texts).

During the classes

1. Language warm-up

1. Read the text - an excerpt from Yuri Afanasyev's story "Two Spruces" (print the texts for each student or project them onto the board).

1. Because of the storm, the tugboat settled in the backwater. 2. Time was in a hurry. 3. For almost a week, Eduk and Oksana traveled by channels to the village on the Kaldanka. 4. Almost a week is the time. 5. And in life for Eduk there was one moment. 6. During these days, he learned about the world as much as the most ancient old man could not have known. 7. The world, it turns out, is very big, restless. 8. Like animals in the taiga, all sorts of people inhabit it. 9. Everyone has a lot of worries. 10. But the most incredible thing was for Eduk to hear that there are lands where people all year round go almost without clothes. 11. Just think, imagine yourself in the Arctic without clothes, even if not in winter, even in summer (?!). 12. However, he could not distrust Oksana either. 13. Their relationship was so close, her eyes understood him so deeply that he was afraid of his bad thoughts. 14. “What? Eduk thought. “Why not intermarry, be your own person in a warm, satisfying village?”

15. And then the village suddenly appeared because of the melted cape. 16. Scattered along the ridge, the houses on the slope huddled like chickens. 17. Among them, a church towered like a capercaillie, reddishly shining with larch logs.18. And further behind the village, spiky firs stuck out like a scallop. 19. The faint smell of warm bread was dizzy. 20. This smell Educ could distinguish from a great distance. 21. You can’t confuse him with anything ...

1. Find dialect words in the text, replace them with stylistically neutral synonyms.

Kaldanka (in project 3) – boat

Uval (in project 16) - hill, slope

1. Find comparisons in paragraph 2. Write down the numbers of sentences with comparisons.

16 - like chickens

17 - capercaillie (a form of instrumental case)

18 - scalloped (a form of instrumental case)

1. Write the sentence number with an introductory word.

1. Write down the grammar bases from sentences 7, 12, 20

7 - the world is big, restless

12 - he could not help but believe

20 - Educ could distinguish

1. Determine the type of subordination in the phrase "animals in the taiga" (sentence 8). Replace this phrase with a synonymous agreement with a subordinate relationship.

Communication - management; taiga animals

1. Determine the type of subordination in the phrase "restless world" (sentence 7). Replace this phrase with a synonymous subordinating relationship management.

Coordination; peace without peace

1. Write down the numbers of complex sentences.

6, 10, 13

1. Knowledge update

Write out sentence 10 from the text.

But the most incredible thing for Eduk was to hear that there are lands where people walk almost without clothes all year round.

Build an outline of this sentence: [ === ], (what === ____), (where ____ ===).

Determine the type of subordination (sequential).

What types of subordination in a complex sentence do you know? (Memo, Appendix 1).

Give examples.

1. Anchoring

1. Determine the type of submission. Fill in the table (Appendix 2). Orally comment on the answer. Print tables with sample sentences for each student. Graduates fill out only 2 columns.

1. Perform text compression. From sentences 6-8 (an excerpt from the story "Two Spruces"), make 1 complex subordinate with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses.

What is this type of text compression called? (Simplification - merging several sentences into one).

1. Among the sentences given below, find the NGN with sequential subordination of clauses:

1. Not understanding the road, he fled to the forest-tundra, ran towards the Urals. 2. Run to the point of exhaustion. 3. He was afraid to stop. 4. He felt that if he stopped, he would be torn apart from the inside. 5. The heart will not stand. 6. And he ran, ran on the impassability, splashing bitterness and resentment out of himself.

Answer: 4

1. Using the text of the story, there were Yu. Afanasyev “Two Spruces”, continue the sentences so that you get a SPP with different types subordination:

Sequential: I can’t say how old these fir trees are ... .. (which grow on the banks of the Ob).

Homogeneous : We were brought together by loneliness or the expectation of the morning when the village wakes up with a fishing sweat, the mooing of cows, a breath of fresh wind, .... (when the oystercatcher snipe announces the beginning of the day with a wooden shamanic trill.

Parallel (non-uniform): When the headman smiles, it seems .... (that he is ready to swallow you like a small fish).

1. Testing. Part B8. Presentation (it is better to conduct a lesson with a mobile computer class so that each graduate can independently work with tests. If this is not possible, tasks can be printed for each student).

1. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) Many went not to explore the North and live in Yamal, but to earn money. (2) Didn’t it come from here: I worked for 15 years, gave “all my strength” to the wild North - return me to my place, give me everything. (3) And they gave and kissed goodbye, and the “silent” were more and more thrown into the darkness, as if they had been sentenced in advance: they couldn’t grow cadres from local people. (4) In the second and third generations, the children of the dispossessed were not given passports.

(5) “Yamal received the third blow with the beginning of oil and gas development. (6) Now the organizers themselves do not know why the cities were built, what to do with the population.”

2. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with parallel (heterogeneous) subordination. Write the number of this offer.

(1) With the closure of navigation, it is practically forbidden to set nets on the Ob. (2) But every year the nets are set up, and it is impossible for a fish inspector with a pick to remove all of them. (3) How many holes do you need to cut?! (4) For ordering recreational fishing appropriate in individual cases apply licensed fishing according to the experience of the Guryev residents. (5) This experience is justified with a small by-catch valuable breeds fish, which in no way negatively affects the reproduction of fish stocks, and in autumn on smooth sands, when the latter leave the fishermen, migrating to their winter quarters.

(6) We must take into account that northern fishing autumn, in the wind, in icy water is not an easy pleasure.

3. Among sentences 1-5, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) Profitability of licensed fishing is not only in the collection of funds, part of which should go to the development of fishing, the main thing is in the education of the person himself. (2) If you want to fish, work on cleaning livestock, plant a few bushes to strengthen the banks of spawning rivers, and do your part to save juveniles. (3) Anyone who took a fish but did not give it back, who violated the rules of fishing, may be expelled from society or temporarily suspended from fishing. (4) It seems that amateur fishermen at their place of residence will more jealously monitor their site, and will also help in the fight against malicious poaching. (5) The opening of cases of the latter is still insignificant.

4. Among sentences 1-7, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) Poachers. (2) Who are they? (3) Of course, people. (4) But these are people who consciously go to harm nature. (5) And what about the rest, who love their Ob, who, for one reason or another, fall into violators? (6) Doesn't the word poacher offend his ears? (7) So far, such a difference is not visible, and only because not all of them are used in the organization of recreational fishing.

5. Among sentences 1-5, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) In the last days of the passing leap year the stocky log houses in the village pressed even more tightly to the ground from the weight of the snow on the roofs. (2) The old office building, unable to withstand such a load, leaned on the neighboring fence, but proudly and cockily a flag flutters on a spruce pole, all covered with clay and it is not known when and by whom it was hoisted there. (3) The flag glorified the still indestructible and mighty Union, when for the second year in the yard there was a completely different political weather. (4) But the people of Yamalsk have not changed morally and in their actions. (5) A peeling slogan still hung on the pediment of the office, which called on fishermen and fisherwomen to work hard and give one more percentage in excess of the plan, because the fate of the Motherland depends on this percentage.

6. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with parallel subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) “Now there will be a “zhik”!” - Styopka explained to his mentor, who, with migraine pain, perceived the children's noise and was impatiently waiting for her watch to end. (2) Where she came from, Styopka did not know. (3) But how could he be interested that some go to the Far North to build, others to work out the northern experience for retirement, for a coefficient. (4) But the teacher of the boarding school in the village was noticed by her unsociableness, did not trust the cleanliness of the yagushki and malitsa, was wary of visiting the families of the tundra dwellers. (5) It is not easy to gather reindeer herders and fishermen to a boarding school for a parent meeting, but coming to your home - chum - is revered. (6) And if the teacher began to speak, moreover, in their native language, then he became no less than a ruma - a friend to whom, on occasion, a gift should be made.

7. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) The blizzard howled louder and angrier, but the voices in the plague, lit from the outside by several electric bulbs, could be heard far away. (2) Before Chuprov had time to throw back the canopy, a man in a mask splashed a full ladle into his collar ice water. (3) “Well, jokes,” Styopka gasped. (4) The host liked the joke, and this trick added noise and fun to all the guests.

(5) How did he not foresee all the consequences? (6) After all, he should have known that he was invited and taken as a hostage to One-Eyed, that if necessary and to please the owner, the purveyor was taken to the village.

8. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) He had known a brood of wolves since last year, and now four one-year-old puppies were also practicing in a snowstorm. (2) As they cut all the weakened deer with a knife, their corpses turned black in the snow. (3) In some places, the wolverine tried: jumping from tree to tree, she gnawed her throat, drank blood, and left the animal like that ...

(4) Khunzi no longer thought about Zyryanov's promises - with one hundred percent safety of the deer, transfer thirty percent to him. (5) This whole market is not for him. (6) The only thing he thought about now was that no one could take away the snow, the sky, the air, the tundra where he walks.

9. Among sentences 1-6, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) Hunzi went to the wolf unarmed, only with this stick-shovel. (2) He had neither fear nor malice against the wolf. (3) What he dreamed is gone. (4) Hunzi, peering at the trail, saw that he was trying to jump over the ravine, but he was careful of a large snow drift, that he sat, turned around and again moved straight.

(5) Finally Khunzi saw a wolf on the opposite bank of the Yugan river. (6) The floodplain was snow-covered two or three meters deep - you won’t run across so easily ...

10. Among sentences 1-5, find a complex sentence with sequential subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

(1) The deer carries the shepherd farther and farther away. (2) With such a deer and unarmed, it is not scary to ride. (3) How can a shepherd not rejoice over deer, how can he not sing a song about them! (4) Narasyuh, tell us about the blue wind of the shaking and about the minyruva deer, the holy deer, who for all his life does not know what a team is. (5) Tell me how Minruv put the sun on his horns, and how, on a quiet night, the stars ring like bells in their ears from a quick run ...

Answers

1. Reflection. Summing up the lesson.

• What new did you learn in the lesson?
• How to find complex sentences with different types of subordination?
• What is the difference between homogeneous subordination and parallel subordination?
• What problems are raised by Yu.N. Afanasiev in his works?
• Which lexical features can be noted in the texts used in the lesson? (Dialect words, an abundance of means of expression, especially comparisons).
• Have you noticed syntactic features works of Yamal writers? ( Simple sentences, introductory words, inversion).

1. Differentiated homework assignment (optional).

1. Prepare a presentation of 20 slides on the topic “Preparation for the GIA. B8 "(Performance in groups is possible).
2. Develop a memo for memorizing theoretical material on the topic.
3. Make a table to systematize knowledge on the topic and memorize theoretical material.
4. Solve several options for tasks B8 from the collection of preparation for the GIA.

Bibliography

1. Gosteva Yu.N., Vasiliev I.P., Egoraeva G.T. GIA 2014. Russian language. Grade 9 30 standard options test tasks and preparation for the implementation of part 3 (C) / Yu.N. Gosteva, I.P. Vasiliev, G.T. Egoraev. - M .: Publishing house "Exam", 2014.
2. Lvova S.I. GIA 2014. Russian language: training tasks: Grade 9 / S.I. Lvova, T.I. Zamuraeva. – M.: Eksmo, 2013.
3. Nazarova T.N. GIA. Workshop on the Russian language: preparation for the tasks of part B / T.N. Nazarova, E.N. Violin. - M .: Publishing house "Exam", 2014.
4. Russian language. 9th grade. Preparation for GIA-2013: teaching aid/ Ed. ON THE. Senina. - Rostov n / a: Legion, 2012.
5. Khaustova D.A. Russian language. Preparation for the GIA (writing summary). Versatile materials with guidelines, decisions and answers / D.A. Khaustov. - 3rd ed., revised. and additional - M .: Publishing house "Exam", 2012.

Internet resources

1. Gubkinskaya centralized library system.http://www.gublibrary.ru
2. Afanasiev Yu.N. Tundra rhythms. Once stepping on a rake. Two firs. Corporate information and library portal of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.http://libraries-yanao.ru

Annex 1.

REMINDER

TYPES OF SUBMISSION

A complex sentence can have two or more subordinate clauses. The relationship of such subordinate clauses among themselves determines the type of subordination.

1. Parallel submission

At parallel subordination to one main are heterogeneous subordinate clauses that answer different questions:

Reason, (despite what?), even if it is oppressed and neglected, in the end always prevails (why?), because it is impossible to live without it (A. France).

2. Homogeneous submission

With homogeneous subordination, subordinate clauses are of the same type, answer the same question and refer to the same member of the main clause or to the entire main clause as a whole. Between themselves, homogeneous subordinate clauses are connected by a coordinating or union-free connection:

Yegorushka saw (what?), how little by little the sky darkened and darkness descended on the earth (what?), how the stars lit up one after another (A. Chekhov).

3. Consistent submission

With sequential subordination, the main clause is subject to the subordinate clause (subordinate clause of the first degree), which, in turn, is subject to the next subordinate clause (subordinate clause of the second degree), etc. (parts form a chain). With such a connection, each subordinate part becomes the main one in relation to the next, but the original main part only one remains: which considered to be the progenitor people, therefore it is to him that the greatest number of legends is devoted.

Historical experience proves that all attempts “jumping over” some stages of culture is no good don't bring that only scrupulous Job on the restoration of historical memory, "childhood and youth" of the people let him go on the main road of world culture and come to a sense of the spiritual fullness of being.

If you apply to foreign literature, then with confidence we can say that the fairy-tale hero R. Rugin has long been known already in the vastness of Europe from France to Russia.

To become masters of your destiny , Khanty and other small peoples of Siberiawill have to overcomemany obstacles, which modernity has prepared for them.

Task keeping traditions is complicated by the fact that many Russian speaking young hunters who don't see the point learn native language prefer learn English instead.

It is significant that the deer plays less significant in Khanty mythology role than in the legends of the Nenets, although also appears in the legends.

Roman Rugin is also a wrestler for the rights of the people which addresses to the mind of his reader and states the facts, and the poet who calls out to the hearts of people and their emotions.

The writer often comes to accept"referencing the past" to compel Khanty reader to look at his past, to move forward, to build the future.