29.09.2019
Does the ending of the word change? Video lesson “Words-names of objects that do not have endings
Are there words without endings?
- Taxi. There is no ending. Even a taxi service, even 1 taxi car, even 25 such cars, is still only a taxi.
- Having peeked. One person peeked through a window or a keyhole, or a whole group peeked - just by peeking. No endings required.
- Tipsy. One person in this condition or 8 people. They are on holiday or at work. Still just tipsy.
- Cleverer. The comparative degree is considered an unchangeable form, constant. Therefore, she is smarter or he is smarter - there is no grammatical difference, which means there is no ending.
There are quite a lot of such words. I will give examples from several categories.
Indeclinable nouns- stew, tiramisu, pots, curlers, retro, magneto, lotto, graffiti, khachapuri, incognito, mashed potatoes, interviews and many others.
Abbreviations - DPRK, PRC, South Africa, CAR (Central African Republic), hydroelectric power station, university, nuclear power plant, life safety, NLO, thermal power plant, gas station, civil defense, EU, housing office, registry office, air defense, DNA, RNA, media, state district power station, CIS, SUZ, UNESCO, GULAG, STSI, GTO.
The ending is the part of the word that changes; in some words there cannot be an e. Therefore, there will be no ending in unchangeable words. Let's look at which ones exactly.
Unchangeable words that do not have any ending include:
1) Participles. Examples: looking, inhaling;
2) Indeclinable nouns, some of which are borrowed from other languages. Examples: blinds, coat, referee;
3) Indeclinable adjectives. Examples: beige, khaki, marengo, burgundy;
4) Adverbs. Examples: new, neat, fun;
5) Abbreviations. Examples: Germany, USA, Moscow State University, Russian Federation, UN.
6) Adjectives in comparative degree: faster, stronger, more active;
7) All particles, prepositions and conjunctions.
Yes, they do exist. The first thing that comes to mind is the unchangeable parts of speech - gerunds (sitting, exploding, crying), categories of state (it's time, laziness, sorry) and adverbs (bitter, sad, nowhere).
In addition, among nouns and adjectives there are indeclinables.
Indeclinable nouns - lady, jury, coat, taxi, kangaroo.
Indeclinable adjectives - beige, burgundy, khaki, electric.
Yes, there are such words, they do not decline and therefore do not have different endings. There are many such words, in different parts of speech, adverbs, participles, nouns, prepositions and small ones, that is, abbreviations and conjunctions. Lady, blinds, jury, time, pity, USA, Moscow State University, plant pots and many other words.
The so-called abbreviations do not have endings, and how can they have endings when they are abbreviated to the limit and it is difficult to even determine the gender of such complex abbreviated words like -GUM, VDNKh, VAK. Such words need to be appreciated and known.
There are words
which have endings (bucket-o, spring-a),
there are those who have null ending, or a non-materially expressed ending (day, lilac),
and those words that have no ending are words that do not change.
Here we include words of unchangeable parts of speech (adverb, gerund, preposition, conjunction, interjection)
and some words from inflectable parts of speech: indeclinable nouns. (piano, coffee) and adjectives (khaki).
Of course, in the Russian language there are many words that do not have an ending. That is, it is not zero, but it does not exist at all. At school, children often often believe that both are the same thing.
For example: the word house has a zero ending, otherwise the word would have a different form: house-a, house-u, house-e
the word metro is not here, because it is a foreign language, French.
Let's list as many words without endings as we can remember:
interview,
Among the words that do not have an ending there are also abbreviations, and again there are several examples.
In addition to the usual variable words in the Russian language, there are words without endings. These words refer to unchangeable parts of speech, such as gerunds and adverbs. But before going into details, it is necessary to define what an ending is.
The ending is one of the significant parts of the word, a morpheme, with the help of which other forms of the word are formed, under the influence of gender, number, and case. Usually the ending stands at the end of a word and is a link for sentences and phrases. In some in rare cases the ending may be in the middle. In order to highlight the ending, the word must be changed by number, case, etc. Words that do not change have no endings.
In the Russian language there are two types of parts of speech - independent and auxiliary. Interjections, particles, conjunctions and prepositions are auxiliary parts of speech; they have no lexical meaning, but only act as an addition and connection to independent parts of speech. That's why they have endings. There are words with a lexical base without an ending. For example, taxi, coffee, high. They are full-valued parts of speech, but they do not change over the course of historical circumstances and therefore have no endings. Prepositions complete these words.
To change the meaning of an unchangeable word, a dependent word is added to it, for example, black coffee - masculine, singular. This definition comes from the adjective (black) that complements the unchangeable word.
Unchangeable words also include those borrowed from other languages, for example, allegretto, rendezvous, puree. Adverbs are one of the unchangeable full-meaning words - quickly, highly. In such words, the last letter “o” is often mistakenly considered to be the ending, although this is a characteristic suffix for adverbs. The participle, like everyone else, is an unchangeable member of the sentence, because it has the grammatical connotation of an adverb: having restrained, having read.
Words ending in zero
Another example is words without an ending that, when changed, form it, for example, night, horse, door. When exposed to number, case, the ending appears - night - nights - nights, door - doors - doors. In Russian, philologists call such cases zero endings. In his initial form there is no ending.
The Old Church Slavonic language had a letter, which meant that the word had an ending when the form was changed, under the influence of cases and number. Col, table. Over time, the letter became obsolete and fell out of use, and words began to be written without it.
Words without endings in borrowed words
Borrowed words in many publishing houses are used as native words, for example, lie, safari, madam. But many such words never became full-fledged parts of the language: taxi, coat, subway. Words have vowels at the end; they are often perceived as endings. In fact, the entire word is the basis that we encounter almost every day. It is important to remember that such words do not change. Illiterate speaking: playing the piano, grandmother with a coat, a roll with coffee.
Examples of words without endings
Below are words that do not have endings:
- Magneto.
- Veto.
- Sushi.
- Variety show.
- Bungalow.
- Balance.
- Libretto.
- Milady.
- Casino.
- Pony.
- Indigo.
Words without a part of the word ending and unchangeable parts of speech that do not have an ending can be distinguished. To do this, you need to know that words with a zero ending have endings when declensions and changes in number, etc., for example, the word “piano” is unchangeable, it has no endings under any circumstances. And the word has night, with plural the ending “and” appears - night.In contact with
Ending - changeable significant part words, which form the forms of words and serve to connect words in phrases and sentences. This formative morpheme expresses the grammatical meanings of gender, person, number and case.
Not all words have an ending. Only mutable words have it. It happens that a word has an ending, but it is not visible or heard, i.e. it is not expressed in letters and sounds - it is a zero ending. In addition, the ending does not always come at the end of the word. A word can have two endings. Sometimes, to highlight the ending, you have to use phonetic transcription.
The ending is a formative morpheme that expresses the grammatical meanings of a word (gender, person, number, case), and not lexical meanings as derivational morphemes.
The ending differs from formative suffixes in the nature of the grammatical meaning it expresses.
Only changing parts of speech can have an ending(declinable, conjugated or changing according to gender and number):
- inflected nouns,
- adjectives,
- numerals,
- pronouns,
- Verbs,
- participles.
To highlight the ending, you need to change the form of the word:
- change number:
meadow () - meadow (A),
herbs (A)- herbs (s),
brave () - dared (s); - change gender for adjectives and participles:
white (th)- white (oh)- white (and I), thinking (ii)- thinking (and I), sat () — sat (A);
- case for parts of speech that are inflected: house () - house (A)- house (y), syn (ii)— syn (his)— syn (to him) ;
- verb face: write (y)- write (yeah)- write (ut) .
The part of the word that changes when changing the form of a word, it is an ending.
Ending is not part of the word, since it only has grammatical meaning.
Ends of words different parts speeches can be the same, but their endings are different, i.e. words have different morphemic structures. Examples:
- small And vision - adjective small and noun vision at the end of the word have -ies . Changing the gender of the adjective: small (s) - small (s) -small (s) , we define the changing part - the last two letters change, therefore, -ies - ending. Declining noun vision(s) - vision(s) - vision(s), determine the ending -e .
- yawning And angry - participle yawning has no ending, because it is an unchangeable word and an adjective hl(s) - evil(s) - evil(s)) has an ending -and I .
- in vain And Earth - adverb in vain has no ending, because it is an unchangeable word and a noun landl (ya) - earth (oh) - earth (y) has an ending -I .
- banner And biology - nouns banner(s) - banner(s)-banner(s) And biologist(s)-biologist(s)-biologist(s) have the same ending -i.
Attention! Second person plural verbs. The present and future numbers and forms of the imperative mood of these verbs may coincide, but have a different morphemic structure, i.e. have two options for morphemic parsing:
Execute (imperative mood, you-full-and-(those), -and- — imperative mood) second task after completing (present tense, you-full-(ite)) first.
you-let-and-(those) (imperative mood) - you-let ;
you-heal-and-(those) (second conjugation, imperative mood) - you-treat-(ite) etc.Verbs of the first conjugation have an unstressed ending -(yeah) has the same sound as the imperative mood, but is written differently:
jump out-and-(those) (command tilt) — jump out ) (first conjugation (jump), second person, plural).
With the help of endings, forms of inflected words are formed.
The ending expresses the different grammatical meanings of parts of speech:
- number and case of nouns, numerals, personal pronouns (without a preposition or with
)
noun 2nd declension, Tv.p., singular by whom?, by what? elephant( ohm), father( ohm), con( eat - gender, number, case of adjectives, participles, pronouns
- person and number for verbs in the present and future tense:
- gender and number for past tense verbs and short adjectives
In addition to distinguishing word forms, endings sometimes serve meaningful function:
bread(s) - cereals and bread(s) - products baked from flour; men are husbands, teeth are teeth, leaves are leaves.
Sometimes it's easy in the end define not only the form, but also Part of speech. For example:
In a phrase, unchangeable words are subordinate to the main word in meaning, using word order and intonation: run fast, run upstairs.
Immutable words have no endings:
Unchangeable parts of speech Examples participles seeing, hearing, collecting, washing adverbs naked, fun, better, in German, first of all, unbearable, married
indeclinable nouns (usually borrowed): cocoa, necklace, flowerpot indeclinable adjectives: khaki, burgundy, beige comparative adjectives: stronger, higher possessive pronouns denoting belonging to a third party: his, her, theirs interjections and onomatopoeias: hurray, ah! Functional parts of speech: unions though near let Attention! The absence of an ending in a word is not graphically indicated. During morphemic and word-formation analysis, you cannot put a zero ending sign! The whole word is included in the base.
Participles and adverbs are unchangeable parts of speech, so they have no endings. Don't be confused gerunds and adverbs with adjective endings. The endings of adjectives can be changed:
- doom/ A/t - dum/ A/I- gerund suffix;
- mil( and I) is the ending of an adjective that can be changed: dear, dear.
Null endings
Declined or conjugated (changeable!) parts of speech in some forms may have a zero ending.
The zero ending is not expressed by sound and is not indicated by a letter in writing. You can detect it by changing the forms of the word. If, when changing the form of a word, an ending appears, expressed in letters and sounds, then
The null ending conveys a specific grammatical meaning:table(), horse() - Im. n., masculine, second declension; clouds(), puddles(), mam() - the meaning of the plural genitive case.
When the form of such words changes, after the stem a pronounced ending appears (with sounds, letters).
Zero endings have: Examples masculine singular nouns of the 2nd declension in the nominative and accusative cases: forest() - forest(a), forest(y);
house() - house(s), house(s);
elephant() - elephant(a), elephant(y);
hero() — hero(s) [g'irOy"(a)];nouns female 3rd declension in nominative case units: mouse() - mouse(s);
night() — night(s),
network() — set(s)nouns in genitive case plural different genera: cloud() - cloud(s) - cloud(s),
fox() - fox(s) - fox(s),
soldier() - soldier(s),
windows() - window(o);
articles() - become(s) [article(s)]short adjectives and masculine singular participles: handsome() - handsome, clumsy - clumsy,
bad() — bad(a);
wounded() — wounded(s) — wounded(s),
conceived - planned(s), conceived(s);possessive adjectives in I.p. m.r. unit fox-y() - fox(i) -fox[y"(a)], shark(), wolf() (see below why this is so)
mother(), father()past tense verbs masculine singular in the indicative and subjunctive mood: sang(), sang() would - sang(a),
washed - washed;verbs of the imperative mood have singular parts: teach(), watch(), write();
numerals in the nominative and accusative cases: ten() - ten(s), ten(s)
Attention! It is necessary to distinguish between words with a zero ending and unchangeable words, because in a word with a zero ending it is indicated when morphemic parsing words, but in unchangeable words - no (no ending)!
- noun already() (already (y), already (ohm)) has a zero ending, and the adverb really - an unchangeable word and therefore has no ending.
- net()
- noun ( set(s), set(s)),
ses(th) ) - a verb where the ending is indefinite — (th),
launch(s) - verb,
five() - numeral ( heel(s)),
path() - noun ( put(s), put(s)),
though - a conjunction and an unchangeable word, so there is no ending,
let — , unchangeable word - no ending,
thinking - gerund, unchangeable word - no ending.
The ending can be inside the word:
- If a word has , then the ending is located before it, inside the stem of the word: uch (y) sya, uch (ish) Xia, having studied (ii) Xia(after the ending there is a verb -sya/-sya - the most common case); let's go (eat)-te ; in the middle of compound pronouns: How (Ouch)-either as (Wow)-either as (Wow) something, to (oh) someday.
- In some difficult words: to Komsomolsk (e)-on-Amur (e) .
Two endings in a word.
In complex words, two endings can be distinguished:
- for nouns: armchair (O)-bed () - armchair (A)-bed (And) ;
- for numerals: five () ten () - toe (And) ten (And) .
But, in complex nouns and adjectives that are written together, after the first there is a connecting vowel, and not an ending: myself- O-years () , red- O-leather (ii) .
The ending is distinguished by its sound composition
using transcription, since spelling does not reflect morphemic composition words:
- Masculine possessive adjectives in -iy:
fox(), wolf(), bear(), Where - th is a suffix and has a null ending. When declining, fluent - And - drops out of the suffix, leaving a suffix that sounds like [th’] , and in writing it is conveyed as a separator soft sign: fox(him) [fox’-y-‘(willow)], wolf(him) [wolf’-y’-(willow)], bear(him)[m’edv’ezh-y’-(willow)] - the suffix sounds in the transcription [th’] and ending.
- In the following words, the suffix -й- also appears in the sound composition of the word: guns
[roug-y’-(a)],gun [roug-y’-(o)]; sparrow ya[sparrow’-th’-(a)], sparrow yu[sparrow’-th’-(y)]
; edge, edge
[kra-y'-(u)].
Suffix -th-
persists during education related words: rifle, passerine [
sparrow'-y'-in-(y)]
. In these words and others like them (dancer, grumbler; gorge, knowledge, aspiration; May, tram etc.) not in all forms the ending is indicated by letters.
List of used literature
- Kazbek-Kazieva M.M. Preparation for Russian language Olympiads. 5-11 grades. – 4th ed. – M.J. Iris-press, 2010
- Panova E.A., Pozdnyakova A.A. Reference materials in Russian to prepare for exams. - M.: - Astrel Publishing House LLC, 2004.-462 p.
- Svetlysheva V.N. Handbook for high school students and applicants to universities / V.N. Svetlysheva. - M.: AST -PRESS SCHOOL, 2011 - ISBN 978-5-94776-742-1.
Such as root, suffix, prefix, ending. In Russian, a word may not have any of these components, except for the root. It is the main bearer of lexical meaning. The remaining parts of the word only clarify it or express its grammatical meaning. A special place in this list is occupied by endings, which are not necessary for independent words.
Independent words with endings
The parts of speech of the Russian language are divided into independent and auxiliary. The latter include conjunctions, prepositions, particles and interjections. They have no lexical meaning and act only as an addition to the meaning of independent words or to connect them in a phrase or sentence. Therefore they are unchanging and have no endings.
They consist of morphemes that can change, expressing belonging to one or another grammatical category. Most often this is the ending.
Almost all full-valued lexemes have it. The simplest structure + ending. The root is almost always unchanged. The only exceptions are complex language processes, such as the alternation of sounds. The ending always changes.
The role of the ending in a word
The ending is the minimal significant part of a word, expressing grammatical meaning and serving to connect words with each other. Full-valued words with endings can change according to cases, persons, genders, numbers and other grammatical categories. This ensures grammatically correct combinations in phrases and sentences.
The ending position in a word is absolute end. True, in the Russian language there is a verbal postfix -sya, which is located only at the end of the word. Therefore, the ending may be in front of him. But this is an exception to the rule.
To highlight the ending, you need to inflect the word into any of the known grammatical categories. For example, changing the number shows which sound will change: dog - dogs, green - green, she - they. As we see, in all these words last letter(sound, morpheme) has changed. This will be the end.
Unchangeable full-valued words
In the Russian language there are full-valued words without endings. Examples of them are known to many: high, taxi, sing. These are full-valued parts of speech, but due to historical circumstances and grammatical features they do not change, and therefore do not need endings. The grammatical connectives for these words are prepositions.
The expression of gender, number, case in such words is determined by their dependent ones. For example: green-eyed taxi- last in singular. This is evident from the adjective name, which is also in this form.
Unfortunately, not everyone knows what words without endings are in Russian. These are nouns borrowed from other languages: kangaroo, coat, Mississippi. Verb infinitives also have no endings: sing, dance, tumble. Adverbs act as full-meaning, unchanging words: high, hot, fast. The last sound -o is often called the ending, although it is a suffix characteristic of adverbs.
A special form of the verb - the gerund - also has no ending, since it incorporates some adverbs: after reading, running away.
Null endings
Also in the Russian language there are words without an ending, examples of which actually have an ending: horse, table, door, night. It appears when case or number changes: horse - horses - horses - horses, table - tables - tables - tables, night - nights, door - doors.
This phenomenon in philology is called zero ending. In its initial form it has no physical expression. In the Old Church Slavonic language, such an ending was expressed using the letter ъ, which was not readable, but indicated that this word could change: table, floor. Over time, this letter was lost, and the ending in such words ceased to be physically present.
Therefore, you should be careful when defining this morpheme in full-meaning words.
Words of foreign origin
Language interactions are an invariable part of the process of lexical enrichment. Depending on the time of borrowing a word and the activity of its use, it can be strongly integrated into the grammatical system or not very much. Long-borrowed words are already perceived by many native speakers as native: mast, accountant, telephone.
There are a number of lexemes that have never become a full-fledged part of the language: taxi, metro, kangaroo, coat, coffee.
In these words at the end there is which is perceived by many as a variable part. In fact, these are words without endings, examples of which we meet every day.
Therefore it is grammatically incorrect to say: conversation over coffee, girl with a coat, arrive by meter, by two taxis. There are no grammatical justifications for such changes in the Russian language yet. Perhaps over time they will become full-fledged variable words, but in this moment development of language, they remain in only one form.
Infinitives
To the question of whether there are words without endings in the Russian language, every philologist will answer in the affirmative. Indeed, there are also many native lexemes that do not change, and therefore do not have a whole range of grammatical categories.
First of all, these are infinitives. The system of verbal forms of the Russian language is quite extensive and diverse. The fact is that these forms can exist as independent parts of speech, while possessing the main feature - indicating an action.
Infinitives are Their main task - to carry lexical meaning: action as such without reference to the person, time and method of its implementation ( read, write, run, sing).
In this form, they can appear in sentences both as a verb and as a noun. If the infinitive has an ending, it becomes either a personal verb or a participle.
Another unchanging form of verbs - the gerund - indicates the process of performing an action and is formed not by an ending, but by a suffix characteristic of this part of speech.
Adverb
The adverb has never acted as a changing part of speech. These are precisely those words without endings, examples of which show that connections in phrases are possible without changing the grammatical category.
The role of adverbs in language is to indicate additional circumstances performing an action. Although they have a lexical meaning, in fact they do not have full independence.
For example, " slowly" or " fast" talk about the pace of performing an action. But without a verb it’s not clear what it’s about we're talking about. The same applies to any other adverb.
Therefore, it does not have the wealth of grammatical categories, like a verb or a noun, and is not required. After all, the main semantic load expresses the lexical meaning and suffix characteristic of the adverb.
Own foreign names
Among the unchangeable words, and therefore without ending, are the majority of foreign proper names: Rio de Janeiro, Mississippi, Peugeot. These words have poor prefixes, roots, endings, and suffixes.
The reason for this is the peculiarity of the system foreign language. Some moments seem quite similar to the Russian language to the uninitiated, although in fact we are faced with interlingual homonymy at the level of specific morphemes.
There is, of course, a whole array of similar words that have long entered our language and become part of its grammatical system: Sahara - Sahara, Andes - in the Andes, Rhine - on the Rhine. But in such lexemes the endings are exclusively Russian and have no relation to the native languages of these words.
Morphological richness
Philology knows many words without endings, examples of which are used daily in speech by all native speakers. The possibility of the existence of these lexemes is ensured by the richness of morphemes and their grammatical meanings.
Not only the ending can change the form of a word, but also suffixes. In addition, it is more often observed when the ending of one word acts as an indicator of grammatical categories in the second. That is, the main word requires from the addict exactly the form that is characteristic of himself: a gray coat, in a gray coat, with a gray coat, a gray coat.
In the same English language most words have no endings at all, and grammatical categories are expressed using prepositions, which causes great difficulties in learning by native speakers of Slavic languages, in which the paradigm of endings indicating one or another form of the word is quite developed.
§ 1 Words that have no endings
In this lesson we will get acquainted with words-names of objects that do not have endings. It sounds strange, but there really are words that have no endings. These words came to us from other languages. What is the ending? It's not just a letter at the end of a word! This is a variable part of a word that serves to connect words in phrases and sentences. If a word never changes in any way, then it has no ending!
For example: cinema, coat, kangaroo, subway, cafe, coffee, popsicle.
It is important to realize that the same appearance words does not mean that they are in the same form, i.e. Do not confuse unchangeable words with neuter words that have endings (glass, summer, field) and masculine words with a zero ending (elephant, camel, elk).
Let's make different sentences with the word cockatoo and check whether anything at the end of this word changes or not.
(Who?) The cockatoo had an apple for breakfast.
In this sentence, the word cockatoo is the subject and is in the singular. (prompted by the word-name of the action: if “had breakfast,” then certainly alone).
Let's change the question to the word being tested.
At the zoo I admired (who?) a cockatoo.
In the sentence, the word cockatoo is a minor member, and it is difficult to determine in what number it is used.
Now let's make a sentence where the word cockatoo is in the plural.
I saw little (who?) cockatoos.
In this sentence, the word cockatoo is a minor member and is in the plural (this is indicated by the ending of the word-name of the feature: small).
Did the appearance of the word change when the number changed? No, it hasn't changed. Did the word change when the questions changed? Also no, the word cockatoo remains.
Therefore, we can say that the word kakadu has no ending because it does not have an inflectable part of the word: nothing changes with it! And we were also convinced that although this word is in different offers looks the same, he might have different shape: different questions and different work in a sentence.
§ 2 Declension of words that have no endings
Read the poem by M. Yasnov:
A lot of cats are cats.
Lots of midges - midges.
The bull lay down by the river,
Two bulls are already bulls.
But it’s not clear to me about ponies -
The one in harness and blanket.
Here comes the pony-son,
Pony means: a lot!
Well, he is all alone...
Maybe he'll say understand,
How to understand all this?
What confuses the poet? He is confused by the fact that the word pony looks like there are several animals, but it means only one horse. The word pony is singular (this is indicated by the word-name of the action - walking); masculine(pony son).
Will the appearance of the word change if we change this word by numbers? No, it won't change: one pony, many ponies.
What will change if you ask him different questions? Nothing will change. Let's check: there is (who?) a pony; no (who?) pony; I'll give (to whom?) a pony.
We can conclude that the word pony has no ending.
So, in the Russian language there are words-names of objects that do not have endings. For example: kangaroo, pony, emu, zebu, popsicle, kino, coat and others.
List of used literature:
- Russian language: 2nd grade: Textbook: in 3 hours / N.A. Churakova; edited by M.L. Kalenchuk. – M.: Akademkniga/Textbook, 2012. – Part 1.
- Russian language: 2nd grade. Methodical manual/M.L. Kalenchuk, O.V. Malakhovskaya, N.A. Churakova - M.: Akademkniga/Textbook, 2012.
Images used:
Indeclinable nouns have no endings at all (cinema, coat, domino, jury, taxi, guru, and so on).
These are also abbreviation words, particles, conjunctions and adverbs, prepositions.
Indeclinable adjectives also have no ending.
You shouldn't look for endings in some words. And why? To answer this question, let us remember what, strictly speaking, ending is. The ending is an inflectional morpheme. It follows from this that unchangeable words cannot and do not have an ending at all.
Now let’s list the unchangeable words that we include
unyielding nouns, for example: boa, couturier, role, dandy, referee, penalty, suluguni; head of the department.
indeclinable abbreviations: VDNH, MSU, SAI, Rono;
unyielding adjectives eg: raglan sleeves, rush hour, Hindi language, khaki, mini skirt;
adverbs: above, on the right, for a long time, fun, homeward, skipping.
The forms of words also do not change:
participles- inhaling, drawing, letting go, hiding;
comparative degree of adjectives or adverbs: more fun, lower, higher, deeper.
The auxiliary parts of speech do not change: prepositions, particles, conjunctions.
The issue of the infinitive is also resolved in two ways: some believe that -t is an ending, others believe that it is a suffix indeterminate form verb. This means there is no ending in this form.
Yes, there are a lot of words without endings in the Russian language. To put it briefly and simply, this is all unchangeable words. Words that do not have inconstant features.
The logic of such a hypothesis lies in the very essence of the concept of ending. It is needed in a language solely to show the changeability of a word into different word forms, as well as to determine in contexts which grammatical form a particular word has. The endings have no other functions other than form-distinguishing ones.
Hence examples:
