18.10.2019
Pioneer organization encyclopedia of our childhood. Pioneer organization encyclopedia of our childhood In what year was the Komsomol founded
First, the boys and girls read the Solemn Promise aloud. After which one of the invitees or communists tied each of them a red tie, symbolizing with its three ends the connection of three communist generations, and presented a pioneer badge of the same color with a portrait of Lenin. The holiday was completed with the gesture of the newly minted pioneer with his hand raised diagonally above his head in a cap, and a kind of password with the words “Be prepared! Always ready!". Those who were not lucky enough to become a pioneer in April received their chance on the holiday of May 19. But only without any special celebrations and speeches.
Squads and units
Having become a pioneer, an ordinary school unit immediately turned into a detachment, led by a counselor from among the high school students and, as a rule, bearing the name of some pioneer hero or simply a deceased hero of one of the wars of the 20th century. For example, Pavlik Morozov, or the “Young Guard” Oleg Koshevoy, who was killed with his fists. The detachment was divided into units. And the totality of all school detachments was called a squad. The main activities of the pioneers, in addition to good studies and preparation for joining the Komsomol, were considered to be participation in the “Timurov movement” and subbotniks, collecting waste paper and scrap metal. A pioneer could leave the ranks of the organization only in two cases: after reaching 14 years of age and joining the Komsomol, or upon expulsion for “D” marks and hooliganism.Pioneer Day
By the way, the holiday celebrated on May 19 and which at birth received the name “Day of the All-Union Pioneer Organization named after V.I. Lenin” could become such on another day. But the first attempt made in 1918 to create Soviet Russia, following the example of the American Scouts, groups of young communists, was not very successful. The Civil War began in the country, and the Bolsheviks had no time for the small detachments of their underage followers.The second attempt, which occurred in November 1921, turned out to be more viable. After the decision was made to create a children's political organization, which initially bore the name of the Roman slave and gladiator Spartacus, several “Spartacus” groups appeared in Moscow, using previously unseen symbols - red ties and five-pointed stars. On May 7 of the same year, the first pioneer bonfire burned in one of the capital’s parks. And 12 days later, the All-Russian Komsomol Conference, which later became the Komsomol Congress, decided to create an organization in the country consisting of pioneer detachments. In the same year, composer Sergei Kaidan-Deshkin and poet Alexander Zharov wrote a song with the words “Raise your bonfires, blue nights! We are pioneers - children of workers,” and it immediately received the status of an anthem.
Related article
“Only those who love work are called Octobermen!” The words of this simple song, dedicated to primary school students of Soviet times, are probably known to many who proudly wore a five-pointed star in childhood. And who had no idea that he was part of a mass political organization. But it is unlikely that they all remember as well who and how received them in October and presented them with a badge with a portrait of young Lenin.
In October - November
The first perplexing question that a foreign researcher of the history of children and youth could ask political movements Soviet Union, sounds like this: “Why exactly?” And there is a certain logic in this. After all, the ceremonial presentation of stars was usually timed to coincide with the festive Soviet date of November 7, the day of the October Revolution.The answer to the foreigner lies precisely in the mentioned name of the Russian revolution of 1917. November 7, when the famous gunshot of the cruiser Aurora was fired in Petrograd, was October 25 according to the old style. And it was precisely for this “calendar” reason that the revolution began to be called “October”. And from 1923-1924, junior schoolchildren in Soviet schools, so that they would not forget about the most important event for the country, began to be called “Octobers.” It is curious that at first only the most worthy children born in 1917 were accepted into the October. But in last USSR Everyone who studied in the first grade was enrolled in them.
Ruby star
The current generation of young people can probably be a little jealous of their “” from the past. After all, the adoption ceremony in October was a truly grandiose holiday for seven-eight-year-old children. They began to prepare for it and for future entry into the pioneers in advance; from the first days of school they learned poetry and the rules of conduct and laws approved by the Komsomol Central Committee that led the school organizations. Such, for example, as “Octobers - truthful and courageous, dexterous and skillful”; “Octobers are friendly guys, they read and draw, play and sing, they live happily”; “Octobers strive to become young pioneers” and others.The procedure for receiving symbols of the October movement - beautiful five-pointed ruby-colored stars, which usually took place in a school sports or assembly hall, was also unusual for Soviet children. From the center of which the curly-haired boy Volodya Ulyanov looked attentively at the children and the world. He is also the future leader of the October Revolution, Vladimir Lenin. Badges, the first certificates and red flags in their lives were presented to the October soldiers, and at the same time they were given farewell words by the pioneers and Komsomol members who became their leaders. By the way, the first Soviet Octobrists had stars made of fabric and sewn them on the left side of their shirts.
Under the sign of the hammer and sickle
The day after the ceremonial reception, the newly minted Octobers, their classroom teacher and the counselors held the first meeting, at which the so-called “stars” or “fives” were formed. In other words, groups of schoolchildren of five people, each of whom had his own position and responsibilities - commander, librarian, orderly, sportsman, florist. The group leader and his assistant, who helped the sponsored not only in preparing to join the pioneers, but also in organizing all public events, were named in honor state emblem Hammer and sickle countries. The All-Union week preceding Lenin’s birthday (April 22) was considered the most important for the Octobrists. It was necessary to meet her with excellent grades in studies and behavior and active participation in the “Lenin Readings” held on the 22nd of every month.Komsomol (All-Union Lenin Committee of the Youth Union), or simply Komsomol, was the largest youth political organization in the Soviet Union. He was considered a direct reserve of the Communist Party, training for it, among other things, leading personnel. Any action of Komsomol members was subject to mandatory approval from the “senior comrades.” And one party recommendation for becoming a member of the Komsomol was even equal to two Komsomol recommendations.
How many orders does the Komsomol have?
In Soviet times, it was declared that any citizen of the country from 14 to 28 years old could become a member of the Komsomol. In reality, everything was not so simple. In fact, admission to Komsomol volunteers was carried out only after a very serious check of the candidate for compliance with the high, as was then considered, rank of a young communist. The first thing that was required of an applicant for a Komsomol ticket was to write an application to his organization and justify it with the desire to build a “bright communist future” precisely as part of the Komsomol. An important appendix to the application were two recommendations from with at least ten months of experience, or one, but from a member of the CPSU.The next stage of admission was consideration of the application in the primary Komsomol organization, for example, in an educational institution or in a company. She could either approve it or reject it for some reason. Those whose applications were ultimately approved, and they were the majority, especially at the end of the socialist era, were invited on a certain day to the Komsomol district committee or to the Komsomol committee of a military unit for an interview. However, it was not too complicated and usually consisted of several template questions and assumed equally template and “correct” ones. Future Komsomol members were examined on their knowledge of the Komsomol Charter and asked to tell why they wanted to join the organization. In addition, they were asked to name the number state awards from the Komsomol (there were six of them; half of them were the Order of Lenin, three more were the Order of the Red, Red Banner of Labor and the October Revolution), remember the names of the leaders of the country and the Komsomol, as well as the most important Soviet dates.
Two-kopeck contribution
After passing the interview, the prospect usually already knew whether he was accepted. And soon he received from the committee secretary a brand new red badge with a portrait of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin and a Komsomol card of the same color with his photograph and boxes for marking the payment of monthly contributions. Schoolchildren, students and those called up for compulsory military service paid two kopecks (the cost of two boxes of matches or a daily newspaper). For those who worked, the contribution was one percent of their salary. They were collected by the Komsomol organizer of the primary organization, and he also stamped them. Failure to pay dues was one of the grounds for exclusion from the Komsomol - along with immoral behavior, drunkenness, parasitism, violations of discipline, a criminal record and other things that were called negative phenomena and were subject to deserved criticism.By the way, expulsion from the Komsomol, as well as refusal to join it, was not so harmless. In the future, it often affected the content of the characteristics for admission to a university or Good work. A fairly serious sanction for a non-party person, that is, who was not a member of the CPSU or the Komsomol, was, for example, the refusal of the district party committee commission to allow travel abroad. Naturally, a person who had not previously received a Komsomol card could not join the only political party. And, that means making a good career.
Born in October
All the years of its existence, the Komsomol was proud of being the same age as the October Revolution. In fact, in October 1917, only disunited youth unions called “socialist” were created in Russia. The official date of the creation of the Komsomol is October 29, 1918, when the First All-Russian Congress of Unions of Workers' and Peasants' Youth opened in Moscow. Efim Tsetlin, who was shot in 1937 as an “enemy of the people,” was elected leader of the Soviet Komsomol at this congress. In the same 1937-1939 years, Tsetlin’s sad fate was shared by five more pre-war Komsomol leaders. And in general, of the entire first seven main Komsomol members of the USSR, only Alexander Milchakov, who served 17 years in the camps, died by natural causes.Video on the topic
Komsomol - a mass patriotic organization Soviet youth. There are no other examples in history of a youth movement that, over the years of its existence, has reached more than 160 million people and could boast of real achievements. The Civil War, five-year labor plans, heroism during the Great Patriotic War, virgin lands, Komsomol shock construction projects - all this is the Komsomol. The birth of the Komsomol is not an act imposed from above, it is the unification of the energy and heat of the hearts of young people who dream of being useful to their Motherland.
Background
The initiator and ideologist of the organizational completion of attempts to create numerous youth groups was V.I. Lenin. And they were created even before the revolution. At first, youth primary groups were formed within the party and united workers and students. It was the students who were the most revolutionary class of that time. During the period of Dual Power (February-October 1917), when history could have turned either towards the bourgeois or towards the socialist system, N.K. Krupskaya and V.I. Lenin developed a program of revolutionary youth associations.
IN major cities organizations were created that became the basis for creating a structure on an all-Russian scale. For example, SSRM (Union of Socialist working youth) in Petrograd, approaching the birthday of the Komsomol.
Congress of Workers' and Peasants' Youth
At the height of the Civil War (1918), the first congress of delegates from scattered youth organizations throughout the country took place in Moscow. 176 people came from everywhere: from territories captured by the White Guards, as well as by the German army (Ukraine, Poland); from the separated Finland and the self-proclaimed Baltic republics, as well as from Japanese-occupied Vladivostok. They were united by the desire to create a new power built on the principles of justice. The opening day of the congress (October 29) will go down in history as the birthday of the Komsomol, which united more than 22 thousand people.
In the adopted charter and program all-Russian organization it was said that it was independent, but acted under the leadership of the Communist Party, which determined its ideological orientation. The main speaker was Lazar Abramovich Shatskin, the author of the program. His name is little known in the country, because within a few years he would be shot for being accused of Trotskyism. Like many other first secretaries of the Central Committee who headed the organization up to
Symbols of RKSM
The lists of delegates to the first congress were not preserved even in the archives. Subsequently, the task arose of identifying membership in an organization called RKSM (Russian Communist Youth Union). Already in 1919, Komsomol tickets appeared. In conditions civil war, during which the Central Committee announced three mobilizations, they were kept and protected at the cost of life. A little later the first icons appeared. Their release, at first in insufficient quantities, was carried out by the Komsomol itself. The birth of the Komsomol was immortalized with four letters RKSM against the background of a flag with a star. Badges were also awarded to the best representatives of the organization.
Since 1922, a new uniform form was approved with the abbreviation KIM, meaning youth. The form would also change in 1947, acquiring its final form only in 1956. It will already be awarded to everyone joining the ranks of the organization along with a Komsomol card.
Komsomol tasks
In 1920, the Civil War was still ongoing, but it became clear that the Red Army was winning. This posed serious tasks for the Bolshevik Party to restore the destroyed economy, create the country’s energy base and create a new society. The state needed competent personnel, so 2.10. 1920 at the next (IIIrd) Komsomol congress V.I. made a speech. Lenin, who defined the mission of the newly created organization: to study communism. It already consisted of 482 thousand people.
In the year the Komsomol was born, it was important to win, but now it was necessary to form the generation that was to live in different social conditions. The military front was to be replaced by a labor front. Grandiose achievements in the pre-war years became possible thanks to the participation of working youth in collectivization, Komsomol construction sites, patronage of the general education system, the movement of “thousanders” (who fulfilled the plan 1000%) and obtaining a higher vocational education(workers' faculties). Many Western analysts believed that the success of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War became possible thanks to the education of a person of a new formation, putting the interests of the country above personal ones, in which the Komsomol succeeded.
The birth of the Komsomol: the name of V. I. Lenin
In January 1924, the country was shocked by the news of the death of V.I. Lenin, the leader of the world proletariat and leader of the country. In the summer of the same year, the VI Congress of the RKSM took place, at which the issue of naming the Komsomol after V.I. Lenin was decided. The address spoke of a firm determination to live, fight and work like Lenin. His book “Tasks of Youth Unions” became a reference book for every Komsomol member.
The birthday of the Leninist Komsomol (12.07) added the letter “L” to the abbreviation of the organization’s name, and over the next two years it was called RLKSM.
Status of an all-Union organization
The date is considered to be December 30, 1922, when four republics became part of the union state: the RSFSR, the Byelorussian SSR, the Ukrainian SSR and the Transcaucasian SFSR. The Komsomol organization received all-Union status in 1926 at the VII Congress. The birthday of the USSR Komsomol is March 11, while the Komsomol of all union republics was preserved. This structure existed until the Komsomol was alive. The birth of the Komsomol in 1918 ended with its self-dissolution in September 1991, which was associated with the collapse of the Union. Despite the emergence of organizations that consider themselves the legal successors of the Komsomol - the Komsomol of the Russian Federation, the RKSM, the RKSM (b), such a mass structure no longer exists in the history of the country. In 1977, its members were 36 million people, almost the entire population of the country from 14 to 28 years old.
The Komsomol organization, celebrating its 90th anniversary on October 29, ended its existence almost 20 years ago, but its anniversary is celebrated on a grand scale throughout the country.
All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union (VLKSM) - youth social political organization, created at the 1st All-Russian Congress of Unions of Workers' and Peasants' Youth on October 29 - November 4, 1918.
The congress united disparate youth unions into an all-Russian organization with a single center, working under the leadership of the Russian Communist Party. At the congress, the basic principles of the program and the charter of the Russian Communist Youth Union (RCYU) were adopted. The theses approved by the congress stated: “The Union sets itself the goal of spreading the ideas of communism and involving worker and peasant youth in the active construction of Soviet Russia.”
In July 1924, RKSM was named after V.I. Lenin and it became known as the Russian Leninist Communist Youth Union (RLKSM). In connection with the formation of the USSR (1922), the Komsomol in March 1926 was renamed the All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union (VLKSM).
From the Komsomol Charter: “The Komsomol is an amateur public organization, uniting in its ranks the broad masses of advanced Soviet youth. Komsomol is an active assistant and reserve of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. True to Lenin’s precepts, the Komsomol helps the party educate youth in the spirit of communism, involve them in the practical construction of a new society, and prepare the generation comprehensively developed people who will live, work and manage public affairs under communism. The Komsomol works under the leadership of the Communist Party and is an active implementer of party directives in all areas of communist construction.”
According to the Komsomol Charter, boys and girls aged 14 to 28 were accepted into the Komsomol. Primary organizations of the Komsomol were created at enterprises, collective farms, state farms, educational institutions, institutions, units Soviet army and the fleet. The highest governing body of the Komsomol is the All-Union Congress; directed all the work of the Union between congresses Central Committee Komsomol, which elects the Bureau and Secretariat.
The history of the Komsomol was inextricably linked with the history of the USSR. Komsomol members were active participants in the Civil War of 1918-1920 in the ranks of the Red Army. In commemoration of military merits, the Komsomol in 1928 was awarded the order Red Banner.
For his initiative in socialist competition, the Komsomol was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor in 1931.
For outstanding services to the Motherland at the front and in the rear during the Great Patriotic War 3.5 thousand Komsomol members were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, 3.5 million Komsomol members were awarded orders and medals; The Komsomol was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1945.
For the work that the Komsomol put into restoring what was destroyed by the Nazi invaders National economy, Komsomol in 1948 was awarded the second Order of Lenin.
Behind Active participation in the development of virgin and fallow lands of the Komsomol in 1956 he was awarded the third Order of Lenin.
In 1968, in connection with the 50th anniversary Lenin Komsomol Komsomol was awarded the Order of the October Revolution.
Over the entire history of the Komsomol, more than 200 million people passed through its ranks.
In September 1991, the XXII Extraordinary Congress of the Komsomol considered exhausted political role Komsomol as a federation of communist youth unions and announced the self-dissolution of the organization.
The material was prepared based on information from open sources
After the victory of the October Revolution, red children's organizations, groups and associations arose in various cities. On May 19, 1922, the 2nd All-Russian Komsomol Conference decided to create pioneer detachments everywhere.
In the first years of Soviet power, pioneers helped street children and fought against illiteracy, collected books and set up libraries, studied in technical circles, cared for animals, went on geological hikes, nature study expeditions, collected medicinal plants. The pioneers worked on collective farms, in the fields, guarded crops and collective farm property, wrote letters to newspapers or to the relevant authorities about violations that they noticed around them.
"AiF" recalls how in Soviet time Octoberists, pioneers and those who could become Komsomol members were accepted.
From what class were you accepted into October?
Schoolchildren in grades 1–3 became Octobrists, united on a voluntary basis into groups under the school’s pioneer squad. The groups were led by counselors from among the school's pioneers or Komsomol members. In these groups, children prepared to join the All-Union Pioneer Organization named after V.I. Lenin.
Upon joining the ranks of the Octobrists, children were given a badge - a five-pointed star with a child's portrait of Lenin. The symbol was the red October flag.
In honor of the victory of the October Revolution, since 1923, schoolchildren were called “Octobers.” The Octobrists were united into stars (analogous to the pioneer unit) - October 5 and also the “sickle” and “hammer” - the leader of the star and his assistant. In an asterisk, an October child could occupy one of the positions - commander, florist, orderly, librarian or sportsman.
In the last decades of Soviet power, all students were accepted in October primary school, usually already in first grade.
Who were accepted as pioneers?
The pioneer organization accepted schoolchildren aged 9 to 14 years. Formally, admission was carried out on a voluntary basis. The selection of candidates was made by open voting at a meeting of the pioneer detachment (usually corresponding to the class) or at the highest - at the school level - pioneer body: the Council of the squad.
A student joining a pioneer organization gave a solemn promise of a pioneer of the Soviet Union at the pioneer assembly (the text of the promise in the 1980s could be seen on the back cover school notebooks). A communist, Komsomol member or senior pioneer presented the newcomer with a red pioneer tie and a pioneer badge. Pioneer tie was a symbol of belonging to the pioneer organization, a part of its banner. The three ends of the tie symbolized the unbreakable connection of three generations: communists, Komsomol members and pioneers; the pioneer was obliged to take care of his tie and protect it.
The greeting of the pioneers was a salute - a hand raised slightly above the head demonstrated that the pioneer was putting public interest above personal ones. "Be ready!" - the leader called on the pioneers and heard in response: “Always ready!”
As a rule, pioneers were accepted into a solemn atmosphere during communist holidays in memorable historical and revolutionary places, for example on April 22 near the monument to V.I. Lenin.
Punishments were applied to members of the organization who violated the Laws of the Pioneers of the Soviet Union: discussion at a meeting of the unit, detachment, or squad council; comment; exception warning; as a last resort - exclusion from the pioneer organization. They could be expelled from the pioneers for unsatisfactory behavior and hooliganism.
Collecting scrap metal and waste paper and other types of socially useful work, helping elementary school students, participating in military sports “Zarnitsa”, classes in clubs and, of course, excellent studies - this is what the pioneer’s everyday life was filled with.
How did you become a Komsomol member?
They became Komsomol members at the age of 14. The reception was carried out individually. To apply, you needed a recommendation from a communist or two Komsomol members with at least 10 months of experience. After this, the application could be accepted for consideration by the school Komsomol organization, or it could not be accepted if the submitter was not considered a worthy figure.
Those whose application was accepted were scheduled for an interview with the Komsomol committee (council of Komsomol members) and a representative of the district committee. To pass the interview, you had to memorize the Komsomol charter, the names of the key leaders of the Komsomol and the party, important dates and the main thing is to answer the question: “Why do you want to become a Komsomol member?”
Any of the committee members could ask a tricky question during the trial stage. If the candidate successfully passed the interview, he was given a Komsomol card, which documented the payment of dues. Schoolchildren and students paid 2 kopecks. per month, working - one percent of salary.
You could be expelled from the Komsomol for sloppiness, going to church, or for non-payment membership fees, for family troubles. Expulsion from the organization threatened the lack of good prospects and career in the future. The former Komsomol member did not have the right to join the party, go abroad, and in some cases he was threatened with dismissal from his job.
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Komsomol was mass organization, which had a colossal influence in all spheres of life: industry and economics, education and science, culture and art, sports, leisure activities.
What is Komsomol?
Komsomol (short for “Communist Youth Union”), full name - All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union (VLKSM) - a political youth organization in the USSR.
The initiator of the creation and the main ideologist of the Komsomol organization was V.I. Lenin. The tasks of the Youth Unions, read out to them at the III All-Russian Komsomol Congress in October 1920, became the fundamental ideological document of the Komsomol.
Two hundred million Soviet citizens had Komsomol membership cards. Every institution and enterprise necessarily had a primary Komsomol organization. By the beginning of the 1970s, 131 Komsomol newspapers were published with a one-time circulation of 16.6 million copies, including one all-Union newspaper - “ TVNZ", Komsomol magazines and the publishing house "Young Guard" were founded.
The origins of the Komsomol
October 29, 1918 is the date of the creation of the Komsomol. This was preceded by the February Revolution of 1917, which contributed to an increase in the socio-political activity of young people in various cities of Russia. Unions of working youth began to appear in the country.
In the fall of 1918, from October 29 to November 4, the All-Russian Congress of Unions of Workers' and Peasants' Youth was held in Moscow, at which the unions were united into one general organization- Russian Communist Youth Union. The Congress proclaimed the RKSM and adopted the Program and Charter of the Union. They stated that the Komsomol is an independent organization. The Union aimed political education youth, their involvement in economic and state construction.
In October 1918, 22,100 people joined the RKSM. Two years later, by the Third Congress, the Komsomol had 482,000 members.
Under the leadership of Komsomol in 1922, a children's political organization was created - the All-Russian, and later the All-Union Pioneer Organization. One of the main initiators of the creation of the pioneers was N.P. Chaplin, General Secretary of the Komsomol Central Committee (1924-1928).
The first Komsomol breast badges appeared in 1922. In the center of the badge was the inscription KIM (Communist Youth International), in 1945 it was replaced by the abbreviation Komsomol, and the badges acquired their final form (with the profile of V.I. Lenin) only in 1958.
In 1924, RKSM was named after V.I. Lenin - Russian Leninist Communist Youth Union (RLKSM). Two years later it was renamed the All-Union Leninist Communist Youth Union (VLKSM).
Komsomol awards
On February 20, 1928, in commemoration of military merits for unparalleled heroism during the civil war and foreign intervention, the Soviet government awarded the Komsomol the Order of the Red Banner.
On January 21, 1931, for the initiative shown in the cause of shock work and socialist competition, which ensured the successful implementation of the first five-year plan for the development of the country's national economy, the Soviet government awarded the Komsomol the Order of the Red Banner of Labor.
On June 14, 1945, for outstanding services to the Motherland during the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union against Nazi Germany, for great work in educating Soviet youth in the spirit of selfless devotion to the socialist Fatherland, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR awarded the Komsomol the Order of Lenin.
On October 28, 1948, for outstanding services to the Motherland in the communist education of Soviet youth and active participation in socialist construction, in connection with the 30th anniversary of the founding of the Komsomol, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR awarded the Komsomol the second Order of Lenin.
On November 5, 1956, for the selfless and fruitful work of Komsomol members, Soviet boys and girls in the successful development of virgin lands, the Komsomol was awarded the Order of Lenin.
On October 25, 1968, for outstanding services in the formation and strengthening of Soviet power, for fruitful work in educating the younger generation in the spirit of devotion to the behests of V.I. Lenin and in connection with the 50th anniversary of the Komsomol, he was awarded the Order of the October Revolution.
Komsomol and war
In 1941, there were more than 10 million Komsomol members in the USSR. Before the war, about 1 million members of the Komsomol became “Voroshilov Riflemen”, more than 5 million passed the standards for military specialties. They became the “Young Guard” and the “Young Avengers”. 3.5 thousand became Heroes of the Soviet Union, 3.5 million were awarded orders and medals. Special units of the Komsomol girls, there were more than 200 thousand machine gunners, snipers and specialists in other specialties in their ranks. For their military services in the fight against the Nazi invaders, 100 thousand girls were awarded orders and medals, 58 of whom received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
Komsomol is......
Almost all students were accepted into the Komsomol secondary schools. The Komsomol directed and assigned people to work on “Komsomol vouchers” and implemented a housing program. On the initiative of the Komsomol, two-year evening schools for the illiterate were created in the country, and a new mass form of technical training for workers appeared - the technical minimum.
The Komsomol became not just massive, but practically universal.
Belonging to the Komsomol was taken into account everywhere - after all, more active, advanced and proven youth joined the Komsomol, which made it a mass and even super-mass organization.
The Komsomol movement is a bright page in history; millions of young people of the Soviet Union went through the Komsomol school. For many decades, the Komsomol badge was an indispensable attribute of active life position and a source of pride, because Komsomol members have always been at the center of the most significant events in the history of the country and people.
