Awarded with the order mother heroine. Rules for receiving the Mother Heroine award and the Order of Parental Glory. What are the benefits and rights of modern mothers-heroines

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In everyday life and in the means mass media periodically you can meet the expression "mother-heroine", but what does this expression mean? What does it take to deserve this high title and how many children does the mother of the heroine have in Russia in 2019?

basic information

To begin with, let's make a reservation: the title "Mother Heroine" together with the order of the same name existed in the USSR, but in modern Russia there is no such title. If you have heard this term, then you should know: we are talking either about those awarded with a Soviet award, or about the colorful name of a mother of many children, which does not have an official status.

So, are awards for large families a thing of the past? Of course not. To encourage mothers in their hard work of giving birth and raising children, there is an order " parental glory”and the medal of the Order of Parental Glory, which, however, are Russian counterparts rather than the “Mother Heroine”, but the Soviet Order of “Maternal Glory” and the Medal of Motherhood, respectively.

The first awards of the parental order in the Russian Federation took place in January 2009.

Legislation

Main legal acts regulating the status and grounds for awarding the above awards are decrees of the President of the Russian Federation. The first of them is called "On measures to improve the state award system of the Russian Federation" (has the number 1099, adopted on September 7, 2010). It contains the main body of information about the country's award system.

Also, some information about the Order of Parental Glory, for example, about the amount of a one-time monetary incentive, is contained in decree number 775 dated May 13, 2008, “On the Establishment of the Order of Parental Glory”.

Background

In the Soviet Union, the title "Mother Heroine" appeared in the summer of 1944. The country needed to make up for the hardest multimillion-dollar human losses of the Great Patriotic War and the government decided to create a special award for mothers.

It should be noted that this was not the first national history award for merit in raising children. In 1913 in Russian Empire the insignia of the Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Princess Olga, who were to be encouraged by women for various merits, including the upbringing of heroic children who accomplished heroic deeds worthy of perpetuation.

Interestingly, the design of the insignia of the modern parental order is inspired by the aforementioned imperial insignia.

First woman to receive the award

The first award took place in the autumn of 1944 - the title was awarded to Aleksakhina Anna Savelyevna, the mother of 12 children, 8 of whom fought on the fronts of the Second World War, which took the lives of four of them. The award ceremony took place in the Kremlin. Today, the order "Mother Heroine" number 1 is stored in the State historical museum, where he was transferred by the children of Anna Savelyevna.

There is a legend that they initially wanted to assign the first rank to a communist, but among the members of the party they could not find a woman who would meet the requirements of the Statute.

As a result, Aleksakhina, who was not a member of the CPSU (b), became the first to be awarded. When a commission from Moscow was supposed to visit the woman, it turned out that she was living in a barracks in terrible conditions. By order of the district committee authorities, on the eve of this visit, furniture was brought to her. After the capital's auditors left the village of Anna Savelyevna, the "gifts" were returned back to the district committee.

Nevertheless, a year later, the mother-heroine's family was given two rooms, which was a significant encouragement for the difficult post-war years.

The last decrees on awarding the order were signed in 1991. Over the entire history of its existence, about 431 thousand women had the right to decorate their breasts with a golden star on a block with the inscription "Mother Heroine".

Under what conditions was the title awarded?

Returning to the Soviet award, it should be noted that a woman could be awarded it under a number of conditions:

1. She gave birth to and raised at least 10 children (children who were adopted or adopted are also taken into account).
2. Himself younger child turned a year old.
3. All children are alive (including children who died or went missing while performing military duty, protecting public order, socialist property, or saving the life of another person).

The awardee was awarded the order of the same name and the Diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

How many children should be in a family

I must say that in addition to the order "Mother Heroine" there were two more Soviet awards, which marked mothers of many children:

• Order "Maternal Glory";
• maternity medal.

The Order of Maternal Glory had three degrees, and was awarded to mothers who gave birth and raised:

• 9 children - 1 degree;
• 8 children - 2nd degree;
• 7 children - 3rd degree.

The maternity medal had two degrees, and was awarded to mothers who gave birth and raised:

• 6 children - 1 degree;
• 5 children - 2nd degree.

What privileges are awarded

If we talk about the modern Order of Parental Glory, then in addition to the signs of the order, one of the parents or adoptive parents awarded by him receives a lump sum, which currently amounts to 100 thousand rubles.

In addition, modern mother-heroines receive the following preferences in the Russian Federation:

• care allowance. It can be paid for one and a half years. When calculating it, the woman's earnings over the past two years will be important;
• possibility of early retirement. Having reached the age of 50, mother of many children who has at least 15 years of insurance experience may receive this benefit;
• part-time;
• discount on payment for services related to housing and communal services. The size of such a discount ranges from 30-50%;
• discount on payment for telephone services;
• free vouchers to sanatoriums;
• benefits related to preschool and school education. Among them are the right to priority admission to kindergarten, to receive free three meals a day at school and free school and sports uniforms;
• free trips to cultural institutions. The latter refers to theaters, museums and cinemas;
• free travel to public transport. This is a benefit for families with at least five children.

Action algorithm

To be rewarded state award for the upbringing of children, citizens of the Russian Federation must comply with a number of conditions:

• give birth (or adopt) and raise 7 children;
• children must be citizens of the Russian Federation;
• the 7th child must reach the age of three;
• all children must be alive (including children who died or went missing while performing military duty, protecting public order or saving the life of another person);
• comply with the social plan;
• take care of the health of your children;
• give children a proper education;
• develop children spiritually and morally;
• conform to the values ​​of traditional marriage and set an example for other families.

Package of documents

The set of documents required to receive the order and medal of the order may change, so it is better to find out the exact information in the authority social protection population at the place of residence.

As a rule, the following is attached to the relevant application:

• certificates from organizations in which the persons nominated for the award work, containing information about the length of service and positions held;
• an award list containing information about the registration of marriage, place of residence and employment of persons presented for the award;
• information from the guardianship and guardianship authorities on the living conditions of children in the family;
• information about the achievements of family members - state or sports awards, diplomas for academic success or extracurricular activities;
• documents on adoption or adoption;
• coordination with various authorities, including education, health and social protection authorities;
• intelligence law enforcement about maintaining public order.

Such an impressive package of documents should remove all doubts about whether the family is worthy of being awarded an honorary order. For the award process, it will be important to establish that the children of the recipients not only live in proper conditions, receive food and medical care, but also comprehensively developed.

What does the medal look like?

The medal of the Order of Parental Glory is similar to the order in terms of the reasons for awarding it, with the exception of the number of children born and raised - 4 in the case of a medal.

Order of "Parental Glory" and its medal has important difference from its Soviet counterparts - it is awarded to both parents, and not just the mother, moreover, male and female signs orders and medals are different. In the case of an order, the awardee is also awarded a sign that is not intended to be worn on clothing. It is assumed that he should take a place of honor in the house of an exemplary family.

Who can't claim

Parents are not eligible for the above awards:

• who have a criminal record;
• who have ever been deprived of parental rights;
• who were limited in their rights in relation to children;
• who gave at least one of the children for state support.

At the first stage, the local authorities or the social protection authority decide on the nomination for the award. This is done by special commissions, which, after one month, send the submission for approval to the head of the subject of the Russian Federation. He, in turn, approves it, sending it to the President of the Russian Federation for consideration.

You can talk endlessly about the role of mother in human life. Many autobiographical stories confirm this significant role. Not only to give birth, support, but also to educate a worthy citizen of the state is not an easy task.

USSR medals

Not every woman and Soviet years, and is now awarded the title of "Mother Heroine". One of the categories of "Medals of the USSR" - the medal of motherhood appeared in 1944 thanks to the Decree of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. This date coincided with Orthodox holiday family, who modern Russia regained relevance. In addition to the medal of motherhood, the title of “Mother Heroine” was awarded, a system of awards extraordinary for the union of 15 republics. In the early 1940s, this honor was awarded to Soviet women who gave life and education to five or more children.

Awards classification

In the case of a woman giving birth to five children, she was entitled to the award "Medal of Maternity 2nd Degree". Those who have 7-9 children were awarded the Order of Maternal Glory of the third, second, first degrees. Provided that the woman gave birth and raised 6 children - "Medal of motherhood of the 1st degree."

The peak of the mother's feat was proclaimed the birth of ten babies or more. In such cases, the Soviet woman was awarded the Order "Mother Heroine" with the assignment of the honorary title of the same name. The authors of the art projects of orders for mothers were:

1. N.N. Zhukov (project of the USSR medal - "Medal of Motherhood").
2. I.I. Dubasov ("Maternal Glory").
3. I.A. Ganf is the author of the order "Mother Heroine".

Orders for mother-heroines

The order "Mother Heroine" was a convex five-pointed star against the background of silver rays. The Order of Maternal Glory has an oval shape and a silver tint. A red banner with the words "Maternal Glory" and the number of the degree flutters on the upper section. In the left sector - a woman with a child and roses. Below the banner - an enamel shield white color with the words "USSR". The metal block is made in the form of a bow, painted with white enamel with a blue stripe. Order of the second degree of bright blue.

The Order of "Maternal Glory" had 3 degrees. Simultaneously with the assignment of these awards, a system of measures came into force. This was to help women maternity leave, single mothers. A lot of funds were directed to the establishment of benefits and allowances, lump-sum payments, the protection of childhood and motherhood, the creation of a network of kindergartens, schools, etc.

Mothers are heroes. Who are they

The title of "Mother Heroine" was awarded for the first time on October 27, 1944. This title was awarded to 14 Soviet women. Mom-heroine No. 1 was A.S. Aleksakhin. All her eight sons were at the front, 4 of them died, 2 died of wounds, having already come from the front. The second order bearer was the Tula housewife M.M. Ryzhkov. Of her ten children, 7 were in the war - six sons and a daughter.

A resident of the city on the Neva, S.V. Ignatieva, also deserved the title of “Mother Heroine”. Four sons of Serafima Vasilievna fought for their Motherland. 3 daughters remained in the besieged city. The entire Ignatiev family worked at the defense enterprise of the besieged city. All 7 children were awarded "For the Defense of Leningrad".

Few people know that A.A. Derevevskaya. She is the only mother-heroine in the USSR who raised 48 children! And the basis of the family was not kinship, but love and compassion. While the First World War She worked in a hospital. There, her fate brought her together with the Red Guard Emelya Derevsky. Soon they got married, but Emelyan was shot by the White Guards.

In 1918, young Alexandra became a foster mother. Her adopted firstborn was ten-year-old Timothy, the brother of her late husband. The second adopted baby was also a boy, Derevskaya picked him up right on the street. The baby lay wrapped in swaddling clothes near the body of the dead mother. The autobiography of the Derevsky family, like a mirror, reflected everything tragic events experienced by the Soviet state for half a century. In the interval between civil war and war with Nazi Germany Derevskaya Alexandra raised 14 children.

In the period 1941-1945. 17 Leningrad orphans and 18 children from other parts of the USSR acquired a new parental home. In 1950, 36 children were brought up in the Derevsky house. All children from the Derevsky family grew up good people. The legendary mother-heroine died in 1959, she was 57 years old. The following epitaph is engraved on her grave: "You are our conscience, our prayer is mother."

The last time in history the title was awarded to heroine mothers on November 14, 1991 (by decree of President M.S. Gorbachev). Medals of the USSR (medal of motherhood of the first and second degrees) also went down in history. In just 47 years, 431,000 mothers have been awarded this order.

In the 90s in Russia they were awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland or the Order of Friendship. In 2009, the Order of Parental Glory was established. They are awarded to parents raising 4 or more children.

Nothing compares to the emotions a mother experiences when a baby is born. In order to support parents and provide them with some benefits, at the state level, a mother heroine award is provided for mothers who have given birth to 4 babies.

In the last century, it was considered normal for a family to have more than 5 children. Often, especially in villages, it was about 10 boys and girls at once, who were born to one woman. Of course, it was not easy to constantly feed so many kids, especially in view of the lack of a full-fledged diet and quality things, but many families succeeded.

To support such parents, in 1944 the Order "Mother Heroine" appeared in the USSR. Such an award was given only to those mothers who gave birth to 10 or more boys and girls, in gratitude for their birth and worthy upbringing.

It was believed that every mother raising a large number of babies should have such a title in order to increase the demographic level and birth rate in the country. After all, these figures decreased significantly during the Great Patriotic War due to the death of many people who did not have time to become parents before war time.

Women who are raising 10 or more minors could count not only on receiving the relevant diploma, but also on a number of benefits. For example, such a mother receives various benefits, discounts on utility bills.

The description of such an award suggests that a mother could receive such a title not only for the birth of her babies, but also for the adoption of children from the maternity hospital. At the same time, a diploma was issued only if, at the time of delivery, younger son or the daughter was not older than 1 year, and all other minors were alive at that time.

After the collapse Soviet Union this benefit has been abolished.

The modern analogue of "Parental Glory"

The Order of the times of the USSR "Mother Heroine" was abolished simultaneously with the collapse of the Union and the transition to new legislation, therefore, in Russia, in 2019, it does not work.

In 2008, Presidential Decree No. 775 established a new Order of Parental Glory, which only parents with many children can count on. The first award took place at the beginning of 2009, for success in raising children.

What does it mean to receive the status of "Parental Glory" from the Soviet Order of the "Mother of the Heroine"? Now the award can be given to both parents who are raising 4 or more kids in their family at once. It also provides for additional delivery of certificates to such families and a lump sum payment in the amount of 50,000 rubles.

Parents can also receive additional status, raising 7 or more children. This is the order and its miniature copy, which can be worn on solemn occasions. "Mother's Glory" looks like a silk ribbon bow, and a similar award for the father of children is a pentagonal block.

Many people think that in Soviet time persons awarded an honorary title could count on receiving more benefits, for example, receiving their own living space, good payments for the maintenance of minors. Now the legislation Russian Federation nothing of the kind is provided. In some regions, local authorities still give such families some benefits, for example:

1. Benefits for paying utility bills or reimbursement of money spent);
2. Providing an extraordinary place in a kindergarten;
3. Trips for children to resorts.

How many children do you need to have to get a title

How to get a parenting award a large number minors in the family? The type of award and the possibility of receiving it directly depends on how many children are being raised in the family.

1. Mother's medal of 1st and 2nd degree is given for raising 6 and 5 children;
2. The Order of Maternal Glory 1-3 degrees is given for the birth of 7 to 9 babies.

New to the opportunity to receive this award in 2019 is the rigorous selection of families that can qualify for such a title. Now it is not enough that there are many children in the family, the number of which is enough to have such a sign.

Under the requirements set forth in Executive Order 1099, parents who meet the following conditions are eligible to receive the award:

1. Parents are married;
2. Parents created favorable conditions for kids;
3. Proper care for all adopted children as if they were your own;
4. The youngest child in the family must be at least 3 years old;
5. The family must have adopted children under the age of 5 years.

Since the state has limited the number of persons who can count on receiving such a benefit, the regions have also limited the ability to claim such an award. So, for example, in some regions, only 2 families a year can apply for such a sign.

What benefits can you expect

If in Soviet times the Order "Mother Heroine" provided for the possibility of receiving various benefits and benefits, then The law does not provide for this.

Now families are given the opportunity to receive only those benefits that are provided for by regional legislation: extraordinary places in kindergartens, compensation for utility bills.

On this moment a draft law is being considered that provides for payments and benefits for holders of the Parental Glory award. It is planned that such have the right to:

1. Receiving an allowance in the amount of one for holders of a 3rd degree medal;
2. Payment of 7 times the amount for single mothers as a social pension;
3. Reducing the amount of utility bills;
4. Preferential admission of children to universities.

A large family will only be eligible for such benefits if the youngest in the family is already 1 year old. Moreover, each parent must have the citizenship of the Russian Federation.

To date, the status of the mother of the heroine is assigned to women who have raised ten or more children. It is worth noting that at the time of obtaining the status, the youngest child in the family must be at least one year old.

Together with this status, a mother of many children can receive the "Medal of Motherhood" award and two orders "Maternal Glory" and "Mother Heroine".

The status of "Mother heroine" is the most highest degree distinction, which is assigned to those who have given birth or adopted at least ten children. Upon obtaining the status, the following categories of children are taken into account:

• officially adopted, according to the current legal order;
• children who died or went missing in the defense of the country or in the course of hostilities.

This also includes persons who performed their civic duty in connection with the rescue human life and the protection of socialist property and law and order.

Benefits and rewards for mothers of large families

Since 2009, they have received the Order of Parental Glory. This award is given to both parents with many children, provided they raise four or more children. Moreover, in addition to the award, parents are entitled to financial assistance in the amount of fifty thousand rubles.

In some cases, families are provided with separate apartments and monthly child allowances. In addition to these payments and awards, mothers of heroines are entitled to the following benefits:

1. . Paid over a year and a half. Its size depends on the amount of earnings of the woman for the last two years.
2. Opportunity for early retirement. This benefit has been provided since 2002. The pension is calculated when a woman reaches the age of 50 years. In this case, the minimum insurance period must be fifteen years. In the absence of the specified length of service, the accrual of a pension is carried out on a general basis.
3. Establishment of a part-time job. Under the law, a mother with many children has the right to work in this mode (Article 93 of the Labor Code).
4. Payment for housing and communal services. Families with many children are provided with a discount on utility bills. The size of this discount averages 30-50%. In addition, a 50% discount on phone payments is provided.
5. Educational for children from large families. First of all, children preschool age shall be entitled to priority acceptance in kindergarten. Also, children in preschool and school institutions are supposed to free meals three times a day. In addition, children are given free school and sports uniforms every year.
6. Transport benefits. Families with many children are provided with free travel on public transport, with the exception of taxis. Parents who are raising more than five children are entitled to receive a compensation payment for travel in public public transport.
7. Monthly provision of tickets for trips to museums, exhibitions, cinema, theaters, etc. Also, every year, families are issued free vouchers for holidays in sanatoriums and resorts.

Since 2008, the heroine's mothers have the right to open a kindergarten at home. At the same time, they receive the status of an educator and the newly formed institution joins the regular kindergarten, which will continue to monitor the work of the new mini-kindergarten.

Became a teacher, receives a corresponding entry in work book and accumulate work experience. In this case, a woman is paid a salary of up to ten thousand rubles. It should be noted that this benefit is provided to citizens living in Moscow.

An interesting video about the heroine's mother:

The procedure for obtaining the status of mother-heroine

As mentioned above, both parents can receive the reward for raising children, as they jointly take part in the upbringing process. Before assigning status, guardianship authorities must check large family to meet the following requirements:

• compliance of the family with the social plan;
• ensuring the development of children, both in the spiritual and moral spheres;
• maintaining a proper lifestyle;
• health care;
• education for children;
• setting an example for other families in educating and maintaining the values ​​of traditional marriage.

If all the above criteria are met, the Order of Parental Glory will be issued to the family only when the fourth child in the family turns three years old. All other children must still be alive.

The state can also take into account the dead children, but only on condition that the death occurred as a result of military service or the performance of civic duty. To obtain the status of mother-heroine and the order, parents must collect a certain package, the composition of which they can find out at the local department of social protection of the population.

At the same time, large families must pass all the checks that are carried out by the guardianship and guardianship authorities.

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Mom is the best and most tender word. Mom is the closest native person. For every mother, it is already a great reward when her baby says the first "mom". There are women who have five or six children, and some even more. And these mothers of many children receive an award not only from their babies, but also from the state.

The title of "mother-heroine" in the USSR

In the USSR, the title of mother-heroine was given to women who raised ten or more children. It was also called the order, which was awarded to mothers of many children. The assignment of the title of mother-heroine occurred if a woman gave birth and raised ten or more children, in addition, at the time of awarding the title, the youngest child should be one year old and all other children of this woman should be alive. They also paid attention to the presence of adopted children, and children who died or went missing for various reasons.

The most important goal, when creating this order, was to celebrate the merits of the mother in the birth, and especially in the upbringing of children. So, we figured out how they received the title of mother-heroine in the USSR, and now we will pay attention to the present.

Mother heroine in Russia

To date, the order "Mother Heroine" in Russia has been replaced by the order "Parental Glory". Four or more - that's how many children the modern "mother-heroine" has. Only now the Order of Parental Glory is awarded to two parents. Unlike the USSR, the order was added certificate of honor and monetary reward.

How many children should a mother-heroine have?

Parents who are raising seven or more children also receive a sign of the order and its miniature copy, which they can wear to solemn events.

Of course, the order in the USSR gave more opportunities and benefits. The main advantage was getting apartments and child benefits in big size. It is impossible to say what benefits the mother-heroine has in Russia, because there are none. True, there are regions where mothers with many children are more fortunate, there are benefits for paying utility bills, they allocate trips to the resort for parents or children, they can allocate a place in a kindergarten without a queue.

Today in Russia there is a decision on the entry into force of a new law that provides for benefits large families. The law contains the following points:

• depending on the number of children, payments from one subsistence minimum to seven times the minimum;
• utility bills;
• benefits for admission to universities;
• provision of minibuses;
• provision of land;
• assistance in obtaining loans for the purchase of housing.

The conditions for these privileges are that the youngest child must be one year old, parents and all children must be citizens of Russia.

Mother heroine in Ukraine

In Ukraine, the title of mother-heroine is awarded if a woman has given birth and raised five or more children up to the age of eight, adopted children are also taken into account. At the same time, attention is paid to the personal contribution to the upbringing of children, the creation of favorable living conditions, the education of children, the development of their creative abilities, the formation of spiritual and moral values.

In Ukraine, mothers with many children are paid one-time assistance ten times the living wage. The mother-heroine, who, due to little or no work experience at all, is not entitled to a pension, receives social assistance in a hundred percentage living wage. In addition to all this, a mother-heroine or a woman who gave birth and raised five or more children up to the age of six, receive a pension for services to the motherland. It is paid as an addition to the main amount of the pension, in the amount of one-fourth of the subsistence minimum.

Families with many children and heroine mothers who have unfavorable housing conditions are entitled to priority housing. Even if the children in the family are eighteen years old, the woman is not removed from the queue until she receives housing.

Giving birth and raising many children is a very big and hard work, but at the same time, there is nothing more important and necessary than children.

Related articles:

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 8, 1944, it was established that a mother who gave birth and raised ten children was awarded the highest degree of distinction - the title of “Mother Heroine”. The regulation on the honorary title “Mother Heroine” and the Order “Mother Heroine” were approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of August 18, 1944.

Regulations on the title "Mother-heroine".

The title “Mother Heroine” is the highest degree of distinction and is awarded to mothers who have given birth and raised ten or more children.

The title of “Mother Heroine” is awarded upon reaching last child the age of one year and if there are other children of this mother alive.

When conferring the title of “Mother Heroine”, children are also taken into account:

• adopted by the mother in the manner prescribed by law;
• dead or missing in the defense of the USSR or in the performance of other duties military service or when fulfilling the duty of a citizen of the USSR to save human life, to protect socialist property and socialist law and order, as well as those who died as a result of injury, concussion, injury or disease received under the indicated circumstances, or as a result of an industrial injury or occupational disease.

Mothers who have been awarded the title “Mother Heroine” are awarded the Order “Mother Heroine” and a Diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

The Order “Mother-Heroine” is worn by the awarded on the left side of the chest and, if the recipient has other orders and medals, is placed above them

.

Description of the order "Mother-heroine".

The badge of the Order “Mother Heroine” is a golden convex five-pointed star against the background of silver rays diverging in the form of a five-pointed star, the ends of which are placed between the ends of the golden star.

The size of the order between the opposite ends of the silver shtral star is 28 mm. The height of the order together with the block is 46 mm.

As of September 18, 1975, the gold content in the order is 4.5 ± 0.4402 g, the silver content is 11.525 ± 0.974 g. The fineness of gold is 950. The total weight of the order is 17.5573 ± 1.75 g.

The sign of the order is connected with the help of an eyelet and a link with a curly metal plate covered with red enamel. On the plate there is a convex inscription “Mother is a heroine”. The edges of the plate and the inscription are gilded. The plate has reverse side a pin for attaching the order to clothing.

History of the order "Mother-heroine".

The title of “Mother Heroine” is the highest distinction of the Soviet Union, established for women for their merits in the birth and upbringing of children.

For the first time in Russian history, a special award was introduced for mothers: the Order of the Mother Heroine. It is noteworthy that this title was established during the Great Patriotic War, which claimed the lives of millions of Soviet people. Most of the men who died at the fronts were young and middle-aged. The country's population has declined significantly. The introduction of the title “Mother Heroine” and the order of the same name emphasized how urgently the country needed young people at that time, a new generation of builders of communism.

The first assignment of the honorary title "Mother Heroine" was made by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 27, 1944. Among the fourteen women awarded the title of “Mother Heroine” by this Decree, the Order “Mother Heroine” No. 1

and Diploma of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces No. 1 were awarded to Anna Savelyevna Aleksakhina, a resident of the village of Mamontovka, Moscow Region, who raised 12 children. During the war, eight of her sons went to the front, four of them died. The award was presented to her in the Kremlin on November 1, 1944,.

According to some unverified reports, they wanted to give the first issue of the order "Mother Heroine" to a woman - a communist. However, members of the CPSU were not found among the candidates for the high rank. I had to give Order No. 1 to the non-party Aleksakhina. She lived in a barracks. When the authorities came from Moscow to meet with a mother of many children, the day before, furniture was brought from the district committee to her barracks. After the departure of the commission, the furniture was taken back to the district committee.

As of 1983, about 371,000 awards were made by the order "Mother Heroine".

The last in the history of the USSR, the assignment of the title "Mother Heroine" took place in accordance with the Decree of the President of the USSR of November 14, 1991. The high award was given to women living in the RSFSR, Ukraine, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Kazakh SSR and the Republic of Tajikistan.

As of January 1, 1995, approximately 431,000 women have been awarded the Order of the Mother Heroine.

Features and varieties of the order.

The badge of the order itself consists of two parts. The first, main part is a pentagonal shtral figure made of silver. The second part is a five-pointed star made of gold. The golden star is attached to the silver shtral figure with three rivets. The third part of the order can be considered a silver gilded figurative pendant block covered with red enamel with the inscription “MOTHER-HEROINE”. The block on the reverse side has a pin for attaching to clothes and is attached to the badge of the order by means of a connecting ring.

The reverse of the badge of the order is smooth. There are three rivets on the reverse (they hold the applied gold star). The rivets are located around the geometric center of the order (at 12, 5 and 7 o'clock on the dial). In the center of the order, between the rivets, there is a two-line stamp “MINT”.

The number of the order is horizontally below the hallmark.

The following variants of the Order of the Mother Heroine can be distinguished, differing in the features of the execution of the stigma and serial number.

• Option 1. stigma Mint applied with a punch. The digits of the number are applied with a engraver by hand. The minimum known number is 51, the maximum is 38753.

• Variety 1. The mark of the Mint is large. The length of the word "COIN" is approximately 9 mm, the height of both lines of the hallmark is approximately 3.9 - 4.1 mm. This variety is typical for early signs with numbers up to approximately 9500 - 11000.

• Variety 2. The mint mark is small. The length of the word "COIN" is approximately 5 - 6 mm, the height of both lines of the hallmark is approximately 2.4 - 2.9 mm. This type of hallmark is mainly found in the number range 10000 - 31000. It is interesting to note that in almost all instances of this variety the serial number is placed not under the rivets (as in other "Mother Heroine" orders), but above them (10851, 11110, 11395 , 11538, 11688, 12162, 12548, 12798, 13132, 13381, 15897, 16582, 16612, 17323, 17819, 18178, 18349, 19660, 23470, 23518, 23963) либо между ними (20739, 21226, 21977, 28722, 29287 , 29797).

• Variety 3. Mint stamp medium. The length of the word "COIN" is approximately 7.2 - 7.5 mm, the height of both lines of the hallmark is approximately 3 mm. This type of stamp is mainly found in the number range 30000 - 39000.

The authors of the site noted differences in the location of the rivets in the orders "Mother Heroine" (Option 1). Depending on the distance between the lower rivets, the following sub-options can be distinguished for the first version of the order.

• Sub-option A. 6,5 mm. The only known number for this option – 351.

Sub-option B. Distance between bottom rivets 7,2 mm.

mother heroine how many children

Order numbers are approximately in the range up to 3000. Sub-option C. Distance between bottom rivets 5,4 mm. Order numbers are approximately in the range of 5000 - 10000. Sub-option D. Distance between bottom rivets 8,8 mm. Order numbers are approximately in the range 11000 - 40000.

• Option 2. The stamp of the Mint is made in raised letters. The digits of the number are applied with a engraver by hand. The minimum known number is 38959, the maximum is 90347.

• Variety 1. Mint stamp medium.

• Variety 2. The mark of the Mint is large.

• Variety 3. Mint stamp small.

(!) The above division into varieties is very conditional. Such a division is based on only one feature - the length of the word "COIN". However, the height of both lines of the stamp is also not the same. This value can be determined both by the height of the letters themselves and by the distance between the top and bottom lines of the stamp. In addition to the overall dimensions of the stamp, the differences in the stamp are also clearly visible when comparing the configuration of individual letters. So, for example, when comparing signs with a large hallmark, it was noted that the dash above the letter Y can have a horizontal arrangement (No. 59347) or vertical arrangement(No. 62479). Some differences were also noted when comparing the letters M and D. Thus, there are much more variations of the stamp. However, it is not yet possible to identify strict patterns to create a clear and easy-to-perceive classification. Perhaps this will be done later after analyzing several dozen signs of the second option.

• Option 3. The stamp of the Mint is made in raised letters. The digits of the number are applied using a rotating tool. The minimum known number is 91243, the maximum is 454259.

The authors of the site noted differences in the structure of the obverse of the shtral star of the "Mother Heroine" order. In the photo on the left, Order No. 58022 has a regular rounded recess in the center of the star. In the photo on the right, Order No. 144719 does not have such a recess.

State Duma deputies ask the President to revive the honorary title "Mother Heroine", which existed during the Soviet era to emphasize the special role of the mother in society.

In particular, six deputies came forward with the initiative: the author of the initiative Mikhail Serdyuk And Alexey Kazakov (« Fair Russia"), United Russia Mariya Kozhevnikova, Valery Trapeznikov, Magomed Selimkhanov, Valery Yakushev.

It is assumed that the honorary title will be given to a woman who has 10 or more children. Moreover, children can be adopted.

According to the parliamentarians, it is necessary to revive this tradition, since our country is experiencing demographic problems that arose back in early XXI century during the period of market reforms.

“This circumstance requires detailed and informal attention on the part of the state to stimulating the birth rate and strengthening the role of mothers, since the gravest demographic problem and the multimillion-dollar loss of the country's population at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries require the same actions as in wartime, when the state found strength and means for moral and material stimulation of mothers of large families ", - says the appeal, the text of which is given by Izvestia.

One of the authors of the initiative, as well as father of many children Mikhail Serdyuk recalled that during the Soviet Union, there were three statuses, equal in value: "Hero of the Soviet Union", "Hero of Labor" and "Mother Heroine".

Recently, by the way, the title of "Hero of Labor" was again returned.

“But at the same time, the heroism of our mothers remains in the shadows. This is no less, and sometimes a greater feat. Raising ten children is a huge work and contribution to the future of the country., - explained the deputy, who is quoted by Izvestia.

Women with many children themselves believe that the return of one title is not enough, a comprehensive program is needed to support motherhood.

Terms and Benefits of Mother Heroine and Parental Glory Awards

As the mother of many children noted, the head charitable foundation"Pokrov", participant of the project of the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation "Perspective" Anna Kuznetsova, today it is necessary to create a positive image of parents with many children and develop the institution of volunteering.

"Even such simple things how to take a child to a kindergarten or work out English with him can be easily put on the shoulders of volunteers”, - Kuznetsova explained, quoted by Izvestia.

The title "Mother Heroine" existed in the USSR from 1944 to 1991.

During this time, more than half a million women with many children have been awarded it.

The last time the decree on conferring the title "Mother Heroine" was published on November 14, 1991 by the President of the USSR Mikhail Gorbachev.

Persons found in the article: Gorbachev Mikhail Sergeevich

There are parties in the article: "United Russia", Just Russia

After the collapse of the USSR in the 90s, it was not at all fashionable to engage in social support for large families. Everything that was in any way connected with the notorious "scoop" was categorically swept aside, and therefore such a wonderful and honorary title as the mother-heroine has sunk into the past.

The history of the appearance of the order "Mother Heroine"

The title of mother heroine and the badge were introduced in the penultimate year of the war, when the demographic problem associated with gigantic human losses rose to its full height before the country's leadership. The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR issued a Decree, which spelled out the conditions for awarding this honorary title. The title mother heroine was designated as "the highest degree of distinction" and was assigned to those women who not only gave birth, but also raised ten or more children.

The term for conferring the title mother heroine was determined by the date when the youngest child was 1 year old, and at the same time the remaining 9 children were alive. Legally adopted children, as well as children who died in the line of military duties, were also taken into account.

During the 47-year existence of this high rank they were awarded over 400 thousand Soviet women. In addition to the Order of the Mother Heroine, other similar awards were established in the USSR: the Order of Maternal Glory of 3 degrees (for 7, 8, 9 children) and the Medal of Motherhood of two degrees (for 5, 6 children).

Benefits for hero mothers soviet state provided in full.

Rules for receiving the Mother Heroine award and the Order of Parental Glory

These were cash benefits, free vouchers to health resorts, and most importantly, apartments were provided out of turn.

Now there is nothing like it. There is no such title - "Mother Heroine". True, in some republics of the former Soviet Union, it still survived. For example, there is the title “Mother-Heroine of Ukraine”, where it is awarded to women who have given birth and raised 5 or more children up to the age of 8. It is assigned by the Decree of the President, in addition to it, a one-time monetary reward in the amount of 10 living wages is paid. Ukrainian heroine mothers receive a pension supplement (25% of the same living wage). And if a woman does not have the length of service necessary to calculate a pension, then she receives benefits from the state.

Order of "Parental Glory" - the successor of the order "Mother Heroine"?

This order was established in our country in 2009, it is awarded to parents with 4 or more children. In addition, a one-time cash reward of 50 thousand rubles is issued. However, many believe that this is not enough. And at the beginning of 2013 State Duma a proposal was made to revive the order "Mother Heroine", which will be awarded to women who have given birth and raised 5 or more children. It is proposed to “reinforce” this title with financial benefits, the list of which is still being developed.

However, many women are asking that this award give at least the right to early retirement for heroine mothers. The current pension legislation provides for such an opportunity, but only if there is at least 15 years of work experience. And if he is not? So women are asked to recognize the difficult task of raising children useful labor giving the right to early retirement.

And if the title of mother-heroine still contributes to solving the housing problems of large families, then this legislative initiative will certainly receive approval in all regions of Russia. By the way, the regions, to the best of their financial opportunities and so they provide support to large families in the form of benefits for paying utility bills, priority provision of places in kindergartens.

Therefore, the revival of the title of "Mother Heroine" is called by many deputies an initiative that supports and strengthens the institution of the family.