Social amateur activity of youth. Youth and youth policy. Transgressive consciousness of youth

Transition of position.

High level of mobility.

Development of new social roles(employee, student, citizen, family man) associated with a change in status.

Active search your place in life.

Favorable professional and career prospects.

Problems of socialization of youth.

A sharp reaction to all the shortcomings of society

Increasing crime among the younger generation

Deterioration of the level and quality of life

Economic insecurity of young scientists

Social vulnerability of youth in the sphere of work

Youth subcultures

Separate community groups peculiar special features consciousness, behavior, lifestyle. They create their own cultural niche - subculture. Sub in Latin is “under”, i.e. in meaning it contains a shade of subordination (subculture, deviation from culture).

Youth subculture has:

With your tongue; special fashion; art and style.

Its carriers are most often informal teenage groups.

Reasons for widespread use in modern society youth subculture:

In a subcultural community, a teenager gets the opportunity to belong to a select group of peers, which is a reference for him, a unifying feeling of “we” arises, which increases the level of psychological significance of everyone, gives a certain guarantee (or its illusion) of independence and protection from society;

Subculture allows young man it is better to feel and show the independence of your "I";

Helps a teenager to get rid of painful experiences caused by a conflict with outside world adults, with the dominant culture in society.

Young people are encouraged to create a subculture:

- Internal loneliness; - Protest against lies; - Isolation from elders;

The need for friends; - Distrust of adults; - Escape from the cruelty of the world;

Conflicts at school and at home; - Power over others; - Confrontation official society;

Escape from social reality or rejection of it; - Desire to find emotional support.

Types of youth subcultures

According to the specifics of the behavior of group members, there are:

1. prosocial - groups that do not pose a threat to society, are positive and help;

2. antisocial - carry criticism of any foundations of society, but this confrontation is not extreme;

3. antisocial - not only criticize the social order and foundations, but also seek to crush them.

IN Soviet times, our grandparents, fathers and mothers were involved in official youth organizations. This was required by the ideology.

By type of hobbies:

Musical- subcultures based on fans of various genres of music:

Goths (subculture) - fans of gothic rock, gothic metal.

Metalheads are fans of heavy metal. - Punks are fans of punk rock.

Rastas are fans of reggae. - Rappers are fans of rap and hip-hop.

Subcultures based on literature, cinema, animation, games and more:

Otaku - Anime Fans - Role Players - Fans role playing

Bikers are motorcycle lovers - Furries are fans of anthropomorphic creatures.

Image- subcultures distinguished by style in clothes and behavior:

Cyber ​​Goths - Mods - Hipsters - Freaks - Glamor

Political and ideological- subcultures distinguished by public beliefs:

Antifa - Hippies - Yuppies

Expand the concepts of "legal consciousness" and "legal culture". Highlight the factors influencing the legal culture of a teenager.

legal consciousness – it is a set of ideas and feelings that express the attitude of people, social communities to the current or desired law.

STRUCTURE OF LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS

1. Legal psychology corresponds to the empirical, everyday level of social consciousness, which is formed as a result of everyday human practice of both individuals and social groups. The content of legal psychology is the feelings, emotions, experiences, moods, habits, stereotypes that people have in connection with the existing legal norms and the practice of their implementation.

2. Legal ideology– it is a set of legal ideas, theories, views that reflect and evaluate legal reality in a conceptual, systematized form.

TYPES OF LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS

Ordinary legal consciousness – mass representations of people, their emotions, moods about law and legality. These feelings arise under the influence of the immediate conditions of people's lives, their practical experience.

Professional legal awareness – concepts, ideas, ideas, beliefs, traditions, stereotypes that are formed among professional lawyers. Unfortunately, the professional consciousness of lawyers is characterized by both distortions and deformations (“accusatory” or “acquittal” bias, bureaucracy)

Scientific legal consciousness – ideas, concepts, views, expressing a systematic, theoretical development of law. The carriers and generators of this type of reflection of legal phenomena are legal scholars who, as a rule, work in specialized legal research institutes.

legal culture - the totality of all values ​​created by man in the legal sphere, as well as the knowledge and understanding of these values ​​and action in accordance with them.

STRUCTURE OF LEGAL CULTURE

1. psychological element(legal psychology);

2. ideological element(legal ideology);

3. Legal behavior(legally significant behavior, implementation of the law).

Legal culture reflects the qualitative state of the legal life of society and transmits the relevant legal values ​​from generation to generation.

The legal culture of the individual depends on the following indicators:

§ knowledge and understanding of law;

§ respect for the law by virtue of personal conviction;

§ ability to use the right;

§ subordination of one's behavior to the requirements of the rule of law.

TYPES OF LEGAL CULTURE

Legal culture of society is determined by the level of legal awareness and legal activity of society, the degree of progressiveness and effectiveness of legal norms.

Legal culture of a social group can vary greatly depending on the nature of the group. It is higher in social groups that unite people with higher or secondary specialized education, pensioners, employees law enforcement, employees of the state apparatus.

Legal culture of the individual is formed primarily by the education that a person receives, and the way of life that he leads. In addition to legal education, the legal culture of the individual implies the ability and skills to use the law, the subordination of one's behavior to the requirements of legal norms.

Factors affecting the legal culture of a teenager:

On the formation of a legal culture minor child many factors influence:

1. Education in the family (starting from birth), when an understanding of good and evil is laid.

2. Pre-school education / upbringing (in kindergarten) - the first prohibitions, the experience of socialization.

3. School education / upbringing - compliance with the charter of the school, daily routine, traffic rules, etc.

4. Lessons in law - assimilation of legal terminology, experience in working with documents, analysis of situations

5. Intimate environment (relatives, acquaintances, friends) an example of compliance / non-compliance with laws

6. Street (socialization experience, deviant behavior and its consequences, influence of social groups)

7. Mass media (especially TV and Internet) - disseminated principles, creating patterns of behavior

8. State policy (legal measures, implementation of democratic principles).

9. The work of law enforcement agencies (observance of the principle of punishability, equality before the law)

10. Self-education - reading special literature, analyzing situations and life experience.

11. Economic situation (standard of living of the population, availability of the benefits of civilization, etc.)

12. Age features adolescent personality.

The concept of "youth" as a definition of a socio-demographic group originates from the end of the 18th - beginning of the 19th centuries. Prior to this, young people were not recognized as a special social group. Until the end of the 19th century, youth problems were considered through the problems of personality development, the education of a citizen of a historically specific society, which found scientific expression in pedagogy, philosophy, psychology of the Renaissance, Modern times, Western philosophy XVII-XVIII centuries. The actualization of the theoretical studies of youth, the creation of independent concepts of age took place at the beginning of the 20th century and were developed in the sociological theories of youth.

Youth as special social group was recognized on the basis of objective features that determine the existence, development and change of all aspects of a given social entity.

Starting position life cycle, coinciding with youth and associated with the process of preparing for adult functions, appeared in the process of transition from traditional society to industrial. The process of socialization in a traditional society is carried out through the transfer from generation to generation of values, activities, the means and goals of which have existed for centuries as stable models and social norms. IN modern conditions the need for qualitatively different ways of preparing and including the individual in society has increased.

Therefore, today it is impossible to study youth either only from the point of view of sociology (socio-demographic group), or only from the point of view of a cultural approach (spiritual values ​​and ideals of youth). This makes the learning process one-sided. The way out lies in combining the two approaches into a single inseparable socio-cultural approach.

The concept of youth in the socio-cultural aspect began to be developed in the 50s of the XX century. such researchers as G. Shelsky, K. Mannheim, A. Tenbrook, S. Eisenstadt. In the domestic literature on youth issues, the sociocultural approach does not always receive proper objective coverage.

To date, in the circles of sociologists, a view has been established of youth as a reference, socio-demographic group, the most important features of which most authors consider age characteristics and related features. social position, as well as socio-psychological qualities due to both, which allows us to talk about a multi-level analysis of youth as a social phenomenon.

However, the question of the final definition of the concept of "youth" remains debatable. Scientists are divided different approaches to the subject of study - from the standpoint of sociology, psychology, physiology, demography, etc.

Researchers Vishnevsky Yu.R., Kovaleva A.I., Lukov V.A. and others distinguish the following as the most typical approaches found in the scientific literature:

• - psychological: youth is a period of development human personality between "puberty" (puberty) and "maturity" (full maturity);
• - socio-psychological: youth is a certain age with its biological and psychological relationships, and as a result - all the features of the age class;
• - conflictological: youth is a difficult, stressful and extremely important period of life, a long conflict between the individual and society, a problematic stage in human development;
• - role-playing: youth is a special behavioral phase in a person's life, when he no longer plays the role of a child, and at the same time is not yet a full-fledged bearer of the role of an "adult";
• - subcultural: youth is a group with its own specific way of life, lifestyle, cultural norms;
• - stratified: youth is a special socio-demographic group, limited by age limits, with specific positions, statuses, roles;
• - socialization: youth is a period of social growth, primary socialization;
• - axiological: youth is socially significant, milestone life cycle of a person, it is at this stage that the formation of a system of value orientations of individuals, a special worldview, aspiration for the future, and optimism takes place.

• - age;
• - socio-historical;
• - sociological;
• - spiritual and cultural;
• - socio-psychological;
• - cultural.

Thus, within the framework of the considered approaches, there are many definitions of youth, reflecting to a greater or lesser extent lesser degree certain aspects of life and qualitative characteristics of this social group.

Youth is more high degree satisfaction with life, which is associated with greater self-confidence, orientation towards the realization of personal goals and interests, towards achievement and success. Young people tend to adhere to the values ​​of individualism, personal initiative and independence.

Success for a significant part of young people is characterized by the achievement of a high material status. Higher education is less valued as a condition for success. However, in the minds of young people, the prestige higher education very high compared to the average.

The attitude towards work is very contradictory. On the one hand, young people generally do not include work in the list of the most significant values. This is partly due to the abolition of the ideology of the special social significance of labor and labor education. However, for many it plays an important role interesting job. At the same time, the main motive of young people explaining their choice of a workplace is the possibility of obtaining more income. This is due to the weakening in the youth consciousness of the connection between money and work in its labor meaning.

Most of today's youth assign a rather important role to the family, considering it an indispensable condition for happiness. Cohabitation as a way of organizing family relations largely inferior to marriage. Most of them think that prerequisite family happiness are children. Among the main factors that ensure the stability and stability of the family, young people name the following: respect and support between spouses, marital fidelity, satisfaction sexual relations, a decent income, normal living conditions, living apart from parents and a willingness to discuss problems that arise between spouses. The trend is gaining strength, according to which the role of women in the material support of the family is increasing. We can note the increased role of material factors in the functioning of the youth family.

Value orientations determine the spiritual core of a person, express his attitude to the world and to himself, influence the direction and content of social activity, fill life with meaning, represent the main channel for a person to assimilate the spiritual culture of society, the transformation of cultural values ​​into incentives and motives for practical behavior, are system-forming element of the worldview. youth family social educational

In a broad sense, youth is a set of group communities formed according to age characteristics and related activities. I.S. Kohn defined youth as "a socio-demographic group distinguished on the basis of a combination of age characteristics, social status, and socio-psychological properties determined by one or another." The definition of the concept of "youth" is interconnected with the characteristics of generational relations in society, with its social structure, including layers, masses and social groups. In this definition, a clear structure is built, the initial link of which is the "generation", then the "class" (or "stratum"), and, finally, the young part of the class - the youth.

This conclusion is of great methodological importance for the definition of the concept of "youth". At the same time, the researchers proceed from the fact that in the system public relations young people do not occupy a special place, being distributed among various classes and social groups of society, possessing class characteristics to one degree or another. It doesn't deny social characteristics youth, determined by age, socio-psychological, physiological signs, specific interests, needs and value orientations. In accordance with this, the question of its age limits is of certain importance for the sociological study of youth. At present, there are three main approaches to defining these boundaries.

The first, so-called demographic approach, considers young people as a special part of the population, i.e. as people born in a certain year and at a certain time included in the working life. Chronological boundaries in this case are from 18 to 30 years.

The second approach is a statistical one, where the basis for determining age limits is taken as time indicators of average life expectancy and the length of time from the birth of parents to the birth of their children. In accordance with this, the age of youth is determined by the period from 14 to 30 years.

The third approach is sociological, when the age limits are determined by the essence of the object of study, i.e. a specific detachment of young people, characterized by certain professional, educational, socio-psychological characteristics. Most researchers limit this range to 16 to 30 years of age, although in individual cases the border is allowed up to 33 and even up to 40 years.

Adhering to the whole sociological approach to the definition of the concept of "youth", it should be noted that this social group reflects the complex differentiation of social life. modern society. Apparently, therefore, various studies characterize the internal structure of young people from different points of view.

Usually in sociology, young people are divided into the following age groups:

• a) students of incomplete and complete secondary schools;
• b) young people aged 16 to 19;
• c) between the ages of 20 and 24;
• d) 25 to 30 years old.

Based on this, it can be argued that the concept of "youth" includes the following groups of the young population, divided according to their place in social labor.

• - Production workers. Machine operators, farm workers, transport workers, builders. Basically, they have a special education on the basis of courses and represent a fairly large group of young people. Although it is 2 times less than among people over 30 years old, it cannot be ignored, including from the point of view of the consumption of public goods.
• - Persons engaged in unskilled and manual labor, still represent a fairly large group of young people. Although it is 2 times less than among people over 30 years old, it cannot be ignored, including from the point of view of the consumption of public goods.
• - Technicians, technical service personnel. An actively growing stratum of young people in the context of computerization of labor and the emergence of new professions for the maintenance of modern technology.
• - A special group of young people are managers, realtors, agronomists, livestock specialists, as well as production organizers and specialists various areas economy. This group has the highest level of secondary and higher education.
• - IN Lately Another group of young people is being actively formed - the scientific and creative intelligentsia. It should include medical workers, teachers and workers of public education and culture. This group has the highest percentage of "brain drain".
• - Student youth is not homogeneous in its age composition and structure. Firstly, these are schoolchildren studying in secondary educational institutions. Secondly, students of colleges, lyceums, vocational schools. Thirdly, students of secondary vocational and higher educational institutions, who are studying various forms(full-time, part-time, part-time). The age limits of this group of young people are from 14 to 30 years old, their needs are very diverse.

So, youth is such a part of the population (aged 14 to 30 years) that is associated with in a modern way life, participates in at least one of the types of life and work and is the bearer and consumer of all modern forms culture

A special value for today's youth is the opportunity to do what they love. As a specific socio-demographic group, young people are characterized, in addition to age limits, by the presence of a certain place in the structure of society, as well as by the peculiarities of social formation and development. Within the framework of the characteristics of the younger generation, it is possible to single out the main and secondary ones. The main characteristics include physiological, psychological, age and social class. These characteristics are common to all young people. Secondary signs follow from the main ones and manifest themselves depending on the types of activity, place of residence and social status young man.

N.F. Golovaty identifies the following objective circumstances that determine the special role of youth in the life of society:

• · Youth plays an important role in national economic production, because is the only source of replenishment of labor resources;
• Youth is a carrier intellectual potential society, it has great abilities for work and creativity in all spheres of life;
• · young people are able to acquire new knowledge, skills, professions much faster than other social groups, thanks to which they have a greater social and professional perspective.

The role of youth as an object and subject in the historical process of the development of society also has its own specifics. When entering into public life, a young person is an object social impact environmental external environment: family, friends, educational institutions, etc. As he grows up, he learns and begins to practice creative activity becoming the subject of socio-economic, political and social transformations.

Youth is a special socio-demographic group that plays its irreplaceable role in society. Youth is the only source of replenishment of labor resources, the bearer of the intellectual potential of society. It is more capable of adapting to new conditions, learning and assimilating new knowledge and skills. The value orientations of young people cannot but have an impact on the life of society as a whole.

The youth- this is a socio-demographic group, distinguished on the basis of a combination of age characteristics (approximately from 16 to 25 years), characteristics of social status and certain socio-psychological qualities.

Youth is a period of choosing a profession and one's place in life, developing a worldview and life values, choosing a life partner, creating a family, achieving economic independence and socially responsible behavior.

Youth is a certain phase, stage of the human life cycle and is biologically universal.

Features of the social status of youth

Transition of position.

High level of mobility.

Mastering new social roles (employee, student, citizen, family man) associated with a change in status.

Active search for your place in life.

Favorable professional and career prospects.

Young people are the most active, mobile and dynamic part of the population, free from stereotypes and prejudices of previous years and possessing the following socio-psychological qualities: mental instability; internal inconsistency; low level tolerance (from lat. tolerantia - patience); the desire to stand out, to be different from the rest; the existence of a specific youth subculture.

It is typical for young people to unite in informal groups, which are characterized by the following features:

The emergence on the basis of spontaneous communication in the specific conditions of the social situation;

Self-organization and independence from official structures;

Mandatory for participants and different from the typical, accepted in society, models of behavior that are aimed at the realization of vital needs that are unsatisfied in ordinary forms (they are aimed at self-affirmation, giving social status, gaining security and prestigious self-esteem);

Relative stability, a certain hierarchy among group members;

Expression of other value orientations or even worldview, stereotypes of behavior that are uncharacteristic of society as a whole;

Attribute emphasizing belonging to a given community.

Depending on the characteristics of amateur performances of youth, it is possible to classify youth groups and movements.

Aggressive activity. It is based on the most primitive ideas about the hierarchy of values ​​based on the cult of persons. Primitivism, visibility of self-affirmation. Popular among teenagers and young people with a minimum level of intellectual and cultural development.

outrageous(fr. epater - to amaze, surprise) amateur performance. It is based on a challenge to norms, canons, rules, opinions both in everyday, material forms of life - clothing, hair, and in spiritual ones - art, science. “Challenge” aggression on yourself from other people so that you are “noticeable” (punk style, etc.)

Alternative activity. It is based on the development of alternative behavioral patterns that are systemically contrary to generally accepted models of behavior, which become an end in itself (hippies, Hare Krishnas, etc.)

Social self-activity. Aimed at solving specific social problems (environmental movements, movements for the revival and preservation of cultural and historical heritage, etc.)

Political activity. Aimed at change political system and the political situation in line with the ideas of a particular group

The acceleration of the pace of development of society leads to an increase in the role of youth in public life. Including in social relations young people modify them and, under the influence of the transformed conditions, improve themselves.

2. Typology political regimes .

Political regime- a set of methods for exercising power and achieving political goals.

Characteristics of the political regime:

scope of human rights and freedoms,

implementation methods state power,

the nature of the relationship between the state and society,

the presence or absence of society's ability to influence political decision-making,

ways of forming political institutions,

· Methods of making political decisions.

2. Classification of political regimes

transitional position

a high level of mobility

mastering new social roles (employee, student, citizen, family man) associated with a change in status

active search for one's place in life

Favorable professional and career prospects

B. Young people are the most active, mobile and dynamic part of the population, free from stereotypes and prejudices of previous years and having the following socio-psychological qualities:

mental instability

internal inconsistency

low level of tolerance (from lat. tolerantia - patience)

Striving to stand out and be different from others

the existence of a specific youth subculture

It is typical for young people to unite in informal groups, which are characterized by the following features:

2. Signs of informal youth groups

emergence on the basis of spontaneous communication in the specific conditions of the social situation

obligatory for the participants and different from the typical, accepted in society, models of behavior that are aimed at the realization of vital needs unsatisfied in ordinary forms (they are aimed at self-affirmation, giving social status, gaining security and prestigious self-esteem)

Expression of other value orientations or even worldview, stereotypes of behavior that are not characteristic of society as a whole

self-organization and independence from official structures

Relative stability, a certain hierarchy among group members

Attributes emphasizing belonging to a given community

Youth groups and movements can be classified depending on the characteristics of youth initiatives.

Types of amateur youth activities

The acceleration of the pace of development of society causes an increase in the role of young people in public life. Involving in social relations, young people modify them and, under the influence of the transformed conditions, improve themselves.

ethnic communities

1. Modern humanity is a complex ethnic structure, which includes several thousand ethnic communities (nations, nationalities, tribes, ethnic groups, etc.), differing both in size and level of development. All ethnic communities of the Earth are part of more than two hundred states. Therefore, most modern states are polyethnic. For example, several hundred ethnic communities live in India, and there are 200 peoples in Nigeria. As part of the modern Russian Federation more than 100 ethnic groups, including about 30 nations.

2. ethnic community - it is a stable set of people (tribe, nationality, nation, people) that has historically developed in a certain territory, having common features and stable features of culture, language, mental make-up, self-awareness and historical memory, as well as awareness of their interests and goals, their unity, difference from other detailed formations.

2. In sociology, the concept of "ethnic minorities" is widely used, which includes not just quantitative data:

its representatives are at a disadvantage compared to other ethnic groups due to discrimination(belittling, belittling, infringement) by other ethnic groups

Its members experience a certain sense of group solidarity, "belonging to a single whole"

it is usually to some extent physically and socially isolated from the rest of society

3. Prerequisites for the formation of an ethnos

The natural prerequisite for the formation of one or another ethnic group was community of territory because she created the necessary conditions For joint activities of people. However, in the future, when the ethnos has formed, this feature loses its main significance and may be completely absent. So, some ethnic groups and in the conditions diaspora(from the Greek diaspora - dispersion) retained their identity, not having a single territory.

Another important condition for the formation of an ethnos is common language. But even this sign cannot be considered universal, since in a number of cases (for example, the USA), an ethnos is formed in the course of the development of economic, political and other ties, and common languages are the result of this process.

More stable sign ethnic community - the unity of such components of spiritual culture as values, norms And patterns of behavior, as well as related socio-psychological characteristics of consciousness And people's behavior.

An integrative indicator of the existing socio-ethnic community is ethnic identity - a sense of belonging to a particular ethnic group, awareness of one's unity and difference from other ethnic groups. Important role ideas about common origin, history, historical destinies, as well as traditions, customs, rituals, folklore play in the development of ethnic self-consciousness, i.e. those elements of culture that are passed down from generation to generation and form a specific ethnic culture.

national interests. Thanks to ethnic self-awareness, a person keenly feels the interests of his people, compares them with the interests of other peoples, the world community. Awareness of ethnic interests induces a person to activities in the process of which they are realized.

Note two sides national interests:

5. Ethno-national communities develop from a clan, tribe, nation, reaching the level of a nation-state.

A derivative of the concept of "nation" is the term " nationality", which is used in Russian as the name of a person's belonging to any ethnic group.

Many modern researchers consider the interethnic nation to be a classic, in which general civil qualities come to the fore and at the same time, the features of the ethnic groups included in it are preserved - language, their own culture, traditions, and customs.

Interethnic, civil nation is a set (community) of citizens of a particular state. Some scientists believe that the formation of such a nation means the "end of the nation" in the ethnic dimension. Others, recognizing the nation-state, believe that it is necessary to talk not about the "end of the nation", but about its new qualitative state.

Interethnic relations, ethno-social conflicts, ways to resolve them

1. Interethnic relations, due to their multidimensionality, are a complex phenomenon.

A. They include two varieties:

B. The ways of peaceful cooperation are quite diverse.

Lecture on social studies in grade 10

Topic: Youth as a social group

Features of youth subculture

The youth- this is a socio-demographic group, distinguished on the basis of a combination of age characteristics (approximately from 16 to 25 years old1), social status and certain socio-psychological qualities.

Youth is a period of choosing a profession and one's place in life, developing a worldview and life values, choosing a life partner, creating a family, achieving economic independence and socially responsible behavior.

Youth is a certain phase, stage of the human life cycle and is biologically universal.

Features of the social status of youth

Transition of position.

High level of mobility.

Mastering new social roles (employee, student, citizen, family man) associated with a change in status.

Active search for your place in life.

Favorable prospects in professional and career terms.

The youth - this is the most active, mobile and dynamic part of the population, free from stereotypes and prejudices of previous years and having the followingsocio-psychological qualities: mental instability; internal inconsistency; low level of tolerance (from Latin tolerantia - patience); the desire to stand out, to be different from the rest; the existence of a specific youthsubcultures.

Subculture- part of the culture of society, distinguished by their behavior from the vast majority

It is typical for young people to unite ininformal groups , which are characterized by the followingsigns:

Emergence on the basis of spontaneous communication in specific conditions of the social situation;

Self-organization and independence from official structures;

Mandatory for participants and different from the typical, accepted in society, behavior patterns that are aimed at the realization of vital needs that are not satisfied in ordinary forms (they are aimed at self-affirmation, giving social status, gaining security and prestigious self-esteem);

Relative stability, a certain hierarchy among group members;

Expression of other value orientations or even worldview, stereotypes of behavior that are uncharacteristic of society as a whole;

Attributes emphasizing belonging to a given community.

Youth groups and movements can be classified depending on the characteristics of youth initiatives.

Aggressive amateur performance

It is based on the most primitive ideas about the hierarchy of values ​​based on the cult of persons. Primitivism, visibility of self-affirmation. Popular among teenagers and young people with a minimum level of intellectual and cultural development.

outrageous(French epater - hit, reap, surprise)amateur performance

It is based on a challenge to norms, canons, rules, opinions both in everyday, material forms of life - clothing, hair, and in spiritual ones - art, science. “Challenge” aggression on yourself from other people so that you are “noticeable” (punk style, etc.)

Alternative amateur performance

It is based on the development of alternative behavioral patterns that are systemically contrary to generally accepted models of behavior, which become an end in itself (hippies, Hare Krishnas, etc.)

Social initiative

Aimed at solving specific social problems (environmental movements, movements for the revival and preservation of cultural and historical heritage, etc.)

Political amateur performance

Aimed at changing the political system and the political situation in accordance with the ideas of a particular group

The acceleration of the pace of development of society causes an increase in the role of youth in public life. Involving in social relations, young people modify them and, under the influence of the transformed conditions, improve themselves.