Mushroom with cobweb between stem and cap. Cobwebs: description of species. Nutritional value and palatability of cobweb

• Division: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
• Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
• Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
• Subclass: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
• Order: Agaricales (Agaric or Lamellar)
• Family: Cortinariaceae (Spiderwebs)
• Genus: Cortinarius (Spiderweb)
• View: Cortinarius salor (Blue cobweb)

Description:
Hat and coverlet are mucous. 3-8 cm in diameter, initially convex, then flat, sometimes with a small tubercle, bright blue or bright bluish-violet, then becomes grayish or pale brown from the center, with a bluish or purple edge.

The plates are adherent, sparse, initially bluish or purple, remain so for a very long time, then light brown.

Spores 7-9 x 6-8 µm in size, broadly ellipsoidal to almost spherical, warty, yellow-brown.

The leg is mucous, in dry weather dries up. Bluish, bluish-violet, or lilac with ocher-greenish-olive spots, then whitish without bands. Size 6-10 x 1-2 cm, cylindrical or slightly thickened downwards, closer to clavate.

The flesh is whitish, bluish under the skin of the cap, tasteless and odorless.

Spreading:
Grows in conifers and deciduous forests, more often with high humidity prefers birch. On soil rich in calcium.

Similarity:
It is very similar to, grows with it and falls into the baskets of inexperienced mushroom pickers along with rows. Similar to Cortinarius transiens growing in coniferous forests on acidic soils, which is sometimes found in springs as Cortinarius salor ssp. transiens.

Grade:
Not edible.

Note:
Belong to the subgenus Myxacium, which is characterized by a slimy cap, stipe, and common veil. Among similar types, belongs to the section Delibui (Cortinarius delibutus), which combines mushrooms with plates in bluish-purple tones.

Why this mushroom is so called, it is clear, probably, only to mycologists. The most beautiful cobweb is far from the most beautiful representative of the mushroom kingdom. And besides, he is very dangerous, and it is better to bypass him when meeting. What does it look like and where does it grow?

The most beautiful cobweb (Cortinarius rubellus or Cortinarius speciosissimus), belonging to the Cobweb family, the genus Cobweb, has another name - reddish cobweb. In the common people before, he was also called a bog hunter. It is a dangerous and poisonous agaric mushroom.

• a medium-sized hat, rather thick, with a diameter of 3 to 8 cm (in individual cases it grows up to 10 cm). Bell-shaped or conical - in young fruiting bodies, and flattened-convex with a central tubercle, acute or blunt - in adults. The surface is finely scaly and dry to the touch. The color of the skin is brown-red, orange-red, brown, strongly dependent on climatic conditions and weather. The peculiarity of this cobweb is the existence of its two subspecies. The first has a hat with a darker center, from which concentric circles of a reddish hue diverge. Towards the edge of the cap, its color brightens. The second, on the contrary, has a lighter center, pinkish red, and the concentric circles extending from it, a darker color, but the edges are always lighter;
• the leg is dense, from 5 to 12 cm high, 5-15 mm thick. Cylindrical, sometimes thickens towards the bottom, forming a club-shaped base. The color of the surface is orange-brown, in the lower part of the leg there are ocher-colored rims - these are the remains of the bedspread. In mature mushrooms, they are almost invisible. The surface is distinctly fibrous;
• the pulp is tasteless, has a yellow or orange color. It has a radish smell, which in some cases may be absent;
• the plates are relatively frequent, adherent to the stem. Their color varies from orange to brown, in mature cobwebs it can be brownish-rusty;
• spores in the form of a wide ellipse, almost spherical, warty. They are rusty brown in color.

Distribution and fruiting period

The most beautiful cobweb is common and quite common in northern regions With temperate climate. Widely known in Europe, in the north and in the central part of Russia. Grows in coniferous, mixed, marshy moist forests often in acidic soils. Forms mycorrhiza with birches, spruces.

This type of cobweb bears fruit from late May to September. Occurs both in groups and alone.

Similar species

The most beautiful cobweb can be confused with the dangerous and poisonous mountain cobweb ( Cortinarius orellanus). However, these two species can be distinguished by the rings on the stem - in the mountain species, the remains of the bedspread in the form of red rims at the base are not visible. Yes, and it grows deciduous forests near beeches and oaks.

Also, an inexperienced mushroom picker can easily confuse the hero of our article with a straight cobweb (Cortinarius collinitus). It does not smell like a radish and has a straight light leg. This is an edible mushroom, and therefore you need to be very careful when collecting - a mistake can cost you your health.

In general, it is important to note that almost all cobwebs are easy to confuse with each other - they are very similar.

Virulence

The most beautiful cobweb is deadly poisonous mushroom. It contains orellanins - substances that can cause irreversible changes in the tissues of the kidneys. They can lead to death, which sometimes overtakes a person even 5 months after eating this type of cobweb.

Orellanins act very slowly and gradually become the cause of kidney failure. Other toxic compounds are also present in mushrooms - these are benzonin, cortinarine and others. Signs of cobweb poisoning appear only 3-14 days after eating mushrooms - this is thirst, burning and dry mouth. The human condition is deteriorating very quickly. Doctors need to be called immediately.

Moreover, it is important to know that representatives of this species, even after thorough cooking or drying, still remain poisonous. And treatment after cobweb poisoning sometimes lasts more than one month.

Interestingly, until the 1960s beautiful cobweb considered a completely harmless mushroom - it was eaten. But when a number of poisonings were registered in Poland (and some of them ended lethal outcome), then scientists have established that it was this species that caused them. Therefore, when you meet him, just leave the "handsome" in place.

We offer a description and photo of the cobweb of various types and varieties - this information will help diversify the quiet forest hunting and make it more productive.

Look at the poisonous and edible cobweb mushroom in the photo and try to find it in the forest during the next outing into nature:

Cobweb mushroom in the photo

Cobweb mushroom in the photo

The mushroom is edible. Description of the spiderweb mushroom white-violet: caps 3-10 cm, at first spherical pale purple, then silvery or pale lilac hemispherical with a tubercle, and finally open. The plates remain for a long time under a powerful cobweb covering that connects the edge of the cap with the stem. The plates are rare, adhering to the tooth, at first gray-blue, rusty-ocher after opening the bedspread. Leg 5-12 cm long, 1-2 cm long, white-purple or covered with white-purple cotton wool, expanded at the bottom. The flesh is pale lilac, has no unpleasant odor.

Cobweb mushrooms in the photo and description are presented in various options, this will allow them to be recognized in the forest:

It grows very abundantly in lingonberries and blueberries, among mosses in glades and on the edge of a pine forest. Sometimes it appears on dry deciduous forest belts, where it is thicker and with a smoother surface.

His doppelgänger inedible cobweb goat (Cortinarius traganus) differs from it in the presence of the smell of acetylene.

The white-violet cobweb is edible after preliminary boiling.

Let's consider others edible mushrooms cobwebs that grow in forests middle lane Russia. All edible cobweb mushrooms with photos and descriptions must be able to distinguish from poisonous specimens, since they are mortal danger.

Cobweb bracelet
Cobweb excellent

Bracelet web (Cortinarius armillatus)

Spiderweb bracelet grows in deciduous and coniferous forests

Spider web bracelet in the photo

The mushroom is edible. Hat up to 5-12 cm, at first red-brick, hemispherical, covered with cobwebs, then rusty-brown, opened in the form of a lampshade, and, finally, open, fibrous with a thin edge. The leg is cylindrical or club-shaped, light brown, 6-4 cm long, 1-2 cm thick, decorated with brick-red bracelets. The pulp is ocher, has no unpleasant smell. spore powder rusty brown.

Grows in deciduous and mixed forests under the birch and pine forests among the mosses.

Fruiting from August to October.

It differs from inedible cobwebs by the presence of orange stripes on the leg and the absence of an unpleasant odor.

The mushroom is edible but tasteless. Suitable as a filler for dishes and preparations from other mushrooms.

Superb cobweb (Cortinarius praestans)

The mushroom is edible. Hats up to 3-12 cm, at first spherical, closed with a cobweb, then hemispherical, finally open, in wet weather very slimy and sticky, when dry, smooth, brown or "burnt sugar" color. The plates are thick whitish with a purple tinge or yellowish. Leg 5-15 cm, whitish, widened below. The pulp is white, dense with a pleasant smell.

It grows mainly in deciduous forests, but also occurs in coniferous forests. Prefers calcareous soil.

Fruiting from July to October.

It differs from inedible and poisonous cobwebs by the absence of an unpleasant odor.

If you are not sure that you know this mushroom, it is better not to collect it.

The cobweb excellent in some countries is valued on a par with porcini mushrooms.

Above, we looked at what cobwebs look like, suitable for eating, and now it's the turn inedible species. It is worth knowing that the poisonous cobweb mushroom is very dangerous, because it can be fatal.

See how the poisonous cobweb looks like in the photo, remember it and under no circumstances pick it up in the forest:

Cobweb lazy
Cobweb lazy

Goat web
Common cobweb

Cobweb lazy (Cortinarius bolaris)

Cobweb lazy in the photo

Cobweb lazy in the photo

The mushroom is inedible. Caps up to 3-8 cm, at first hemispherical, then convex and finally open, clay-yellow, densely covered with large red or red-orange scales. In young mushrooms, the scales are glued to the surface of the cap, the yellow color of the surface is visible only as small gaps between the red scales. In mature mushrooms, the scales diverge over the surface of the cap and lag behind it at the edge. The plates are clay-yellow, then brown, turning red when damaged. Leg 5-7 cm long, 5-15 mm thick, cylindrical, reddish-fibrous, often scaly, like a cap. The flesh is whitish with a brownish tint. Spore powder is yellow-green.

It grows in deciduous, mixed and coniferous forests on acidic soil.

Fruiting from August to September.

Has no poisonous twins.

Goat web (Cortinarius traganus)

The mushroom is inedible. Massive hats 3-12 cm, at first, spherical and lilac, then hemispherical and, finally, open ocher, with a fringed edge. The plates are ocher-yellow with a violet tint, later brownish-ocher. Leg lilac or yellow, with scales, 5-10 cm long, 2-3 cm wide, with an extension at the bottom. The flesh of young mushrooms is white-blue, then ocher with an unpleasant "goat" smell of acetylene.

Grows very abundantly in deciduous and coniferous forests, on windbreaks, often in large groups.

Fruiting from August to October.

Goat cobweb does not have poisonous twins.

The goat web is inedible due to the unpleasant smell of acetylene.

Common cobweb (Cortinarius triviah)

The edibility of the mushroom is questionable. Caps up to 5-8 cm, at first hemispherical, then convex or open, mucous yellow-rusty-brown, straw-yellow when dry. The plates are white-gray with a purple tint, later rusty-brown. Leg yellow or with a bluish tinge, 8-12 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, covered with mucus in the upper part, with dark belts in the lower part. The flesh is light whitish-buffy, in old mushrooms with a slight unpleasant odor.

It grows in deciduous and mixed forests under poplars, birches, oaks and pines.

It bears fruit from July to September in large numbers.

It looks like an inedible slimy cobweb (Cortinarius mucosus) with a white leg.

The common cobweb is not designated as a poisonous mushroom, but its edibility is in doubt.

Cobweb is not the most common mushroom. Its family includes almost 40 species. Beginning mushroom pickers sometimes confuse cobweb with other mushrooms and throw it into a basket, not thinking that it can be deadly. Cobwebs are distinguished by a wide variety of shapes and colors. The names of mushroom species speak for themselves: cobweb orange, crimson, white-purple, etc.

general information

The cobweb family got its name due to the cobweb-shaped bedspread connecting the mushroom leg with the hat. It is especially noticeable in young mushrooms. In more mature representatives of the family, the gossamer encircles the lower part of the leg with a porous ring. All varieties of this mushroom have a round cap., which becomes progressively flatter as it grows. Its surface has a smooth or scaly texture and can be either slippery or completely dry.

The stem and the surface of the mushroom cap have almost the same color. The standard shape of the stem is cylindrical, but in some species it has a thickened base. The flesh of the mushroom is usually white, but may be colored. The cobweb family is very fond of moisture. Most often they can be found near wetlands, for which they received the nickname "swamps".

Mushrooms of this family are common in the European part of Russia, but it is quite difficult to meet them. Some types of cobwebs are listed in the Red Book. Cobwebs rarely grow alone. Usually these are clans from 10 to 30 pieces, clustered in wet lowlands. It is recommended to collect them from the end of summer until the first frost.

The most special - the most poisonous cobweb. To avoid being fatally dangerous mushroom to the cart, you need to learn more about it. The cap of an adult beautiful mushroom reaches a diameter of up to 10 cm. In young mushrooms, it can be in the form of a cone. With the growth of the fungus, the cap changes its appearance and acquires a flat-convex shape with a blunt tubercle in the center. The surface is dry, velvety, slightly scaly at the edges. The color of the cap can be from red-brown to ocher-brown.

The stem of an adult mushroom reaches 12 cm in length and 1.5 cm in width, it slightly expands towards the base and is covered with noticeable bracelets of gossamer bedspreads. The surface is orange-brown, fibrous. The flesh of the mushroom is yellow-ocherous, tasteless. Sometimes it has a faint smell of radish.

Purple cobweb (Latin name - Cortinarius Violaceus) is an edible mushroom of extraordinary beauty. Very often it can be found in deciduous and coniferous forests. This plant is listed in the Red Book Russian Federation, because it is very rare view mushrooms.

Cobweb belongs to the genus Lepista, to the Buttercup family. Next Feature will present all the features of this plant.

Edibility: conditionally edible.

Description

Purple cobweb, or sometimes it is called purple bog, is an adornment of any forest. Despite the fact that it is conditionally edible, it is not recommended to collect it due to its uniqueness. Behind mushroom season it can only be found once. Every year its number decreases.

The mushroom cap can reach 15 cm in diameter. It can be hemispherical or flat. There is a bump in the center. In a young mushroom, the hat is painted in purple hue. IN rare cases its color may be red. It may fade over time. In the lower part there are wide plates.

The flesh at the break has a blue tint, and the smell of the mushroom is almost not felt. The flesh is quite fragile, it is easy to break it in the hands.

The stem of the mushroom is long and pleasant to the touch. The same can be said about armor. A thickening can be seen towards the base. In the process of maturation, the stem may become tubular. outer layer mushroom is purple.

Where do they grow?

Very often, purple cobweb can be found in raw birch forests. It can spawn under spruces and pines. Single specimens are the most popular, but groups of cobwebs are rare.

Types of cobweb

There are many varieties of cobwebs. The following are the most common of them:

White-purple cobweb. This hat mushroom belongs to the lamellar group. Its cap can reach 12 cm in diameter, and its edges are connected to the leg with the help of a cobweb cover. The pulp of the fungus can be brown or light brown. It has a pleasant taste and smell.

Cobweb Scaly. Its cap can be about 10 cm in diameter, it is convex or flat. In wet weather, it is slimy and shiny.

The cobweb is yellow. The most common representative of the cobwebs, sometimes it is called the yellow or triumphant bog.

Beneficial features

Spider web contains many vitamins in its composition. It consists of B1 and B2, zinc, copper, manganese. This mushroom is characterized by stearic acid and ergosterol.
The medicinal properties of this plant are noted by many pharmacists. Such conditionally edible mushroom used in the manufacture of anti-fungal agents, antibiotics. It can lower glucose levels. It can also be used to create drugs that control hypoglycemia.
Cobweb has an anti-inflammatory property, it perfectly supports the activity of the immune system. at the expense a large number vitamins, it helps to normalize the digestive tract, it also protects the body from infections and prevents overwork, fatigue.

Contraindications

Considering how much benefit this mushroom carries, you can understand that the contraindications here are insignificant. Some edible mushrooms can be confused with inedible ones. The threat is posed by cobwebs that were collected near the road. They managed to absorb all the toxic substances. Such mushrooms are contraindicated for people with gastrointestinal diseases.

How to make a pickle from a purple cobweb?

To pickle such a mushroom, it must be thoroughly washed and cleaned of contaminated areas. Then they are boiled in salted water. The water must be drained and then you can proceed to salting the mushrooms.

Marinate them with vinegar sunflower oil, salt and pepper. Mushrooms need to be immersed in a saucepan, add the listed ingredients and put on a small fire. Spider web mushrooms will secrete a liquid in which salting will occur. Then they can be decomposed into jars and stored for no more than 12 months in a cool place.

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