12.06.2019
Optimum water temperature in the aquarium. Water temperature in a fish tank. Monitoring and regulation
In order for the aquarium from decorating your home not to become a source of constant problems, you need to follow the conditions for keeping the fish. And one of the main ones is the temperature of the water. Let's figure out what temperature is needed in the aquarium, and how to maintain it.
What are the fears and what do the fish love?
Fish cannot regulate their body temperature, it depends on the temperature of the water. Accordingly, all processes in the body of fish depend on environmental conditions. When the water temperature drops, all physiological processes slow down, and hypothermia leads to death. Overheating is also dangerous for fish. With a significant increase in temperature, the amount of oxygen in the water decreases. Even the increase that fish tolerate normally speeds up their metabolism, which reduces life expectancy.
The temperature regime in the aquarium should depend on the type of fish living in it. So, popular guppies and swordtails are comfortable at 24-28 ° C; bettas and cichlomas - at 24-26°C, angelfish - at 26-28°C. Discus tolerate temperatures up to 30 C. But catfish, ancitruses, cardinals and neons love cool water - about 20-22 ° C. For goldfish, parrots and zebrafish, the optimum temperature is 22-24°C.
Optimal conditions of detention
But what temperature should the aquarium be if it contains fish of different families? It is known that most of the fish bred in artificial conditions are well tolerated by an average temperature of 22-26°C. But there is such a thing as the limiting temperature of the content. A sharp drop in water temperature below 18-20 ° C will adversely affect the inhabitants of the aquarium. As well as an increase over 30-32°C. And an increase in water temperature to 36 ° C is generally deadly for almost all types of fish.
It is also necessary to ensure that there are no sharp fluctuations in water temperature during the day (more than 1-3 ° C). It is especially difficult to monitor the temperature in winter and summer period when the air temperature in the apartment changes significantly. Avoid exposure external factors the correct location of the aquarium will help. It should not be near the radiator and under the sun.
How to keep the water temperature
To know exactly what the temperature of the water in the aquarium, you need to purchase a thermometer. To maintain the optimum temperature, you will need a thermal heater with a temperature controller. This device heats water to the set temperature and turns off.
It is much more difficult to maintain the desired temperature in summer. To avoid heating water from the ambient air, it is better to install an air conditioner in the room. You can purchase a special device for cooling water in an aquarium - a chiller. However, chillers are quite expensive, so many amateur aquarists find a way out by cooling the water with fans. A small fan is placed above the aquarium so that it blows over the surface of the water. You can also use bottles cold water, but this is not efficient.
Now you understand that the question, what is the temperature of the water in the aquarium, is not idle. This indicator is very important for the normal life of the fish.
What temperature is needed in the aquarium?
The answer is 24-26 degrees. If you came only with a question to find out what temperature is needed in the aquarium, then here is the answer. Next, we describe the options when it is lower, when it is higher.
Many underestimate the importance of this indicator. But this is a rather important parameter for . Quite a lot of aquarium fish die due to improper temperature conditions.
Normal temperature for keeping aquarium fish
For the fish average temperature needed at 24-26 degrees. This is when we don't pamper her. A spoiled fish is more capricious. If something is wrong, it starts to hurt faster. Because I am against greenhouse conditions. To buy or not to buy an aquarium heater? The answer is always buy. It costs up to 10 USD. (China), and in the economy it will always come in handy. Even for the treatment of semolina. Instead of dripping poisons into the aquarium, just raise the temperature for a few days.
At the expense of critical temperatures. It depends on many factors. From practice, my discus survived after 16 degrees, and the velifera mollies after 8 degrees. Despite the fact that on the forums everyone will begin to say that it is unrealistic for a fish to withstand such a temperature. But until you see it for yourself, you won't know. I'm not going to experiment. It’s just that with large sales of aquarium fish, force majeure happened.
Now a few rules with temperature for aquarium fish.
1 - change its parameter gradually. You can’t just launch a fish that has just been brought in. A fish can endure critical temperatures only if it drops smoothly. Sharp drops - immediately the death of the fish.
.
2 - the smaller the aquarium, the more the temperature "walks". A small volume heats up faster and cools faster.
3 - with an increase in temperature, oxygen consumption increases significantly. You need to feed less at elevated temperatures. also eats oxygen in the aquarium.
At elevated temperatures, we get content - weaker immunity of the fish, faster growth, faster aging. At elevated temperatures, fry are kept while it grows. And over time, the temperature drops.
Higher temperature is used:
1 - for keeping some types of aquarium fish, for example, discus, gourami.
2 - to stimulate the spawning of most aquarium fish.
3 - at
4 - for growing fry.
More low temperature used
1 - for keeping some types of aquarium fish, such as,.
2 - to stimulate the spawning of some types of aquarium fish - speckled catfish,
How to raise the temperature in the aquarium?
Well, it's simple here. There are aquarium heaters. Which one to choose - there is no difference. The principle is the same - it heats the thread, which heats the flask, which heats the aquarium. Choose only with a thermostat that switches off at a certain temperature.
How to cool the aquarium in the heat?
There are expensive aquarium coolers. But the price is great there. Works on the principle of a car radiator. Now used for cooling aquariums cooler. But they have a resource - 2-3 degrees maximum. But blowing the aquarium helps evaporation.
Now, in order, what can help in lowering the temperature
For water cooling:
Aquarium refrigerator. Not cheap, measured in hundreds of dollars. But they still use it. Primarily in marine aquariums. I won't go into details. But in sea water at 30 degrees oxygen ceases to dissolve in water. External coolers such as an external aquarium cooler.
Can be mounted in the aquarium cooler cover. This is especially true for T5 lamps, which heat up more than T8. Computer coolers are used. Their installation is also quite expensive. It will cost about 50 USD. Due to the fact that there is a lot of fuss and the power supply itself costs money. But they look. Looks solid. If necessary, we do it.
Ordinary fan near the water. Of course, the aquarium should be open.
Ice bottles. But here is enough for you. Always put water in the freezer to freeze.
The more you stir, the faster it cools. This is where the layers of water mix. It is better to use a compressor, since the aquarium pump itself heats up when pumping water.
Wrap the aquarium with a wet cloth. It also helps keep the aquarium cool. Only the fabric should be constantly wet.
Remove the aquarium lid.
Maintaining the temperature of the water in the aquarium
Keeping exotic fish in aquariums requires a constant temperature, which is easily achieved in summer time, but in autumn, winter and spring, the water temperature can drop to 20 ° degrees, regardless of the operation of the system central heating and stable room temperature. Even a 1-2° drop in water temperature compared to normal for your fish habitats can affect their activity, and if the water temperature changes by 5-6 °, the fish will start to get sick. Temperature fluctuations in daytime almost invisible due to, which heats the walls of the aquarium and the upper layers of water, at this time the temperature in your reservoir rises by 1-2 °, which does not affect its inhabitants, unlike the same decrease. Temperature drop aquarium water occurs after the backlight is turned off, at night. The drop in temperature in occurs quickly enough, while causing stress to its inhabitants.
An essential device for measuring and controlling the water temperature both submersible and through the glass wall of the aquarium. Thermometers can be electronic and analog. The difference in the temperature they show ranges from 0.2-0.5 ° degrees, which does not affect the life of the fish and, therefore, you should not try to match the readings of the electronic and analog (alcohol) thermometers. Alcohol thermometers fail over time and need to be replaced within 3-4 years.
Aquarium water heaters
Water heaters are needed to maintain stable. On this moment there are many types of them, for example, a sealed glass heater on a suction cup, fixed in such a way that its active heating part is under water, and the sealed wire outlet is on the surface. This is the simplest heater, the temperature regulation of which occurs due to the built-in thermostat, usually it is placed outside the body and is located at a small distance from the heating element. The principle of operation of all water heaters is similar - this is heat transfer to environment, the difference between heaters can be their appearance and the method of heat dissipation and installation.
Types of aquarium water heaters
Here are the most popular types of heaters
Adjustable internal heater
This is the simplest water heater, consisting of a body filled with filler, a glass tube or thin stainless steel. The heating element in them is soldered into the housing without the possibility of replacement. The heater has a number of significant drawbacks, in the case of a glass tube it is fragile and can break or crack when overheated - if for some reason it is above the water level.
A device that combines a thermostat and a heater can regulate the water temperature by interrupting the power circuit with a bimetallic plate. It is best to install the heater horizontally or at a slight angle near the surface of the water, this will help to avoid premature shutdown of the device.
Electronic thermostat
A type of heater of any shape and size, made in a plastic case, which allows you to install it anywhere in the aquarium. The microprocessor control element allows you to set the operating modes of the device, allowing you to change the temperature during the day. This heater does not beat and has protection against overheating.
Heating element - without the ability to adjust the temperature. This heater will stably give water 2-2.5 ° throughout the entire time of operation without overheating. The safety of the water heater is achieved thanks to the “RTS-film” system, which will turn off the device in case of any violation of its operation. The heating plate is suitable for all types of aquariums and can even be located in the ground at its bottom.
heating cable
A high heat dissipation heating device in the form of a cable, inside which is an alloy with the characteristics of high resistance and a heat-resistant sheath on the outside. This heater is flexible and can be laid into any shape. The heating cable must not be used without an external thermostat.
heating mat
Heating element in the form of a mat, which should be placed directly under the aquarium. Such a rug transfers heat through the glass and the bottom of the aquarium directly into the water, it is used to heat the bottom layers of the soil for better growth and comfort of the fish living at the bottom. The dissipation of heat into the water column is slow, but with constant operation, such a device can heat the entire aquarium. The heating mat has significant disadvantage- a lot of heat is spent for other purposes, for example, to heat the aquarium stand on which it is located.
External flow thermostat
A heating device installed behind an external filter and using already filtered water for heating. This type heater high performance and only used in very large aquariums. Its minimum power is 200 watts. The heater has its own thermostat and a control and automation unit located in a convenient place for the user. Such devices are very reliable and undemanding in care.
Filter with water heating function (thermal filter)
A combined device that provides in-line heating of the water leaving the filter cartridge. It has its own thermostat and programmer with the ability to adjust the temperature. A handy device that allows you to get by with one external or internal filter without the need to mask a separate heater in the aquarium. This is a good solution for small aquariums. The disadvantage of such a heater and filter at the same time is the possibility of breakage of everything at once, although it is reliable, it is better to use two different devices.
Guided by the size you need to do right choice the necessary heating device, depending on the needs of the inhabitants of your artificial reservoir.
A necessary condition for the operation of any water heater is the quality of its manufacture, because it is an electrical appliance with all the ensuing consequences of its use in water. The only thing you can influence when installing a heater is to make sure that the wire going from it to the outlet sags in a certain place and does not bend. Sagging wire - necessary measure prevent water droplets from falling through it into the socket and its subsequent short circuit.
The temperature of the water in the aquarium is one of the most important indicators that must be constantly monitored and maintained at the same level. From him flow depends chemical reactions, physical and physiological processes aquarium inhabitants.
Fish are cold-blooded creatures, which means that their body temperature always depends on the ambient temperature. With an optimal indicator, the fish feel good, do not get sick and do not suffer from metabolic disorders.
If the water is too cold, all processes in the body slow down, immunity drops sharply, the fish become inactive and prone to any infections. With a strong heating of the water, metabolic processes are accelerated, the fish become very restless, they begin to consume a lot of oxygen and experience a lack of it. In this case, they swim to the surface, convulsively swallowing ordinary air. Death often occurs precisely because of oxygen deficiency.
Even stronger on the health of aquarium inhabitants sharp shifts in one direction or another.
Already with a difference of 3–4 °, a shock condition develops in fish, which very often leads to death.Temperature measurement
To measure this indicator, special thermometers are used. They are placed in the middle layer of the aquatic environment, at the maximum distance from the heater. It is best to purchase a special thermometer that is submerged in the water rather than attached to the outside of the aquarium. The latter measures not so much the water itself as the air surrounding the aquarium.
Currently There are several types of devices:
- Electronic. Very accurate thermometer, who is also starting to give sound signals in violation of the optimal mode. Main disadvantage- very high cost;
- Mercury. A fairly accurate, cheap and easy-to-use thermometer. However, if it breaks, all life in the aquarium will die;
- Liquid crystal. An innovative device in the form of a thin strip with a color scale. It is glued to the outside of the aquarium. The disadvantage is the low accuracy of the readings;
- Alcoholic. A cheap and convenient, but short-lived device, which gradually loses its measurement accuracy.
A story about how to calibrate aquarium thermometers
Optimal temperature for different types of fish.
For guppies
In nature, guppies live in freshwater and slightly salty waters around the world. The optimal temperature for keeping guppies is 23–26 °, the lower survival threshold is 14 °, the upper one is 32.
If guppies are kept in cool water, they grow larger, but get sick much more easily.
For angelfish
In nature, they are found only in warm tropical waters. The optimal indicators for the life of angelfish should be in the range of 24–27 °. Lower limit 19°, upper 33.
In warm water, scalar immunity rises, they grow faster and begin to multiply. However, an excessively warm environment reduces the lifespan of the angelfish.
For neon
Naturally found in the tropics South America, preferring warm waters with little current. The ideal temperature for neon content is 23–25°, minimum 17, maximum 29.
Dwelling in very warm water sharply reduces life expectancy neon. If at 21 ° neon can live up to 4 years, then at 27 ° not more than 18 months.
For swordsmen
Under natural conditions, swordtails live in the waters of Central America, where the average water temperature ranges from 22–25 °. The swordsman can stay in cool water with temperatures up to 15 ° for some time. The upper threshold for the life of swordsmen is 29 °.
For cockerels
You will not see cockerels in nature, as they are bred by selection. The optimum temperature for males is 23–25°. Lower limit 19, upper 29.
If you keep bettas in an aquarium with cool water all the time, they start to get sick.For zebrafish
In nature, danios live in southeastern Asia, inhabiting rivers and streams. The optimum temperature for zebrafish is 21–24°; to stimulate breeding, it is increased to 28–29. Lower threshold 15, upper 31°.
For gourami
Gourami, like zebrafish, live in southeast Asia, preferring fresh, slowly flowing waters. For gourami, an environment in the range of 22–27 ° is suitable. Downgrading is possible up to 20, and increasing up to 33.
If you keep gourami in very cool water for a long time they will surely die. Even at 20 °, gourami can only be kept for a few hours.For mollies
Heat-loving inhabitants of water bodies of South America. Ideal indicators of water temperature for mollies will be 25–27 °. Lowering to 22 is possible only for a short time, the maximum possible temperature for mollies should not exceed 34 °.
In nature, mollies are accustomed to living in very warm water; when it cools, they often get fungal infections.
For Malawian cichlids
In nature, they live in a lake with a stable temperature in the range of 24–26 °. It is she who is optimal for keeping cichlids from Lake Malawi.
For African cichlids
In nature, they live in warm rivers, where the water can cool down to 20 ° or warm up to 30. The optimum temperature for African cichlids is 22–24 °.
For American cichlids
They are divided into 2 groups: one lives in the warm waters of South America, the other lives in its central part. Tropical cichlids can only live in very warm water, at a temperature of 25-28°C, hardly tolerating even a drop to 22°C. But the upper limit can reach more than 33°C.
Cichlids from Central America feel great in water with a temperature of 21-24 °. They easily endure content in a cool environment at a temperature of 13–15 °. The upper limit is 28°.
For barbs
Unpretentious barbs can be found in many countries of Europe, Asia and Africa. They do not impose special requirements on the temperature of the water, perfectly existing in both cool and warm water. The optimum temperature for barbs will be from 20 to 27 °, minimum 15, maximum 30. Barbs can be kept in almost any aquarium.
For goldfish
They are not tropical inhabitants, living in temperate zones where the water is cool enough. The optimum temperature for all types of goldfish will be the water temperature in the aquarium from 20 to 24 °, the minimum is 15, the maximum is 27. Since ancient times, goldfish have often been kept in outdoor pools.
For parrot fish
For unpretentious parrots, water from 21 to 25 ° is quite suitable. Drops below 18° will adversely affect the health of parrotfish. As non-tropical fish, parrots are not recommended to be kept in too warm environmental conditions.
For catfish and catfish
The group includes many representatives of catfish living in different regions the globe.
Pterygoplichts
These large catfish are residents of the tropics. Therefore, the content of catfish is optimal at a temperature of 25–28 °, it can be briefly lowered to 22 °.
Raising up to 30 ° soma withstand with ease.Agamyxis
These peaceful small-sized catfish also need warm water. The optimum temperature for catfish is 26-27, minimum 23, maximum 32°.
Bunocephalus
Small predators in nature live in the reservoirs of Central America, preferring cool water. The ideal content of catfish is at 21–23 °.
Synodontis
An unpretentious catfish family that lives perfectly at room temperature. Optimal 21–25°, minimum 19, maximum 29.
For aquatic turtles
Tropical species are commonly found in aquariums, currently the most popular species is red-eared turtles. This is a thermophilic person who does not tolerate cool water. The optimum temperature for red-eared turtles ranges from 24 to 29°. A reduction for a short time is only possible up to 21°. The maximum possible temperature for red-eared turtles is 34 °.
How to change the temperature in the aquarium?
If the heater breaks and the water starts to cool, the easiest way is to quickly install a new device. However, not every aquarist has a spare heater. To raise the temperature, you can gently pour hot (not boiling water!) Water in a thin stream. Thus, in 10–18 minutes, it is possible to warm up the aquatic environment by a couple of degrees and maintain it for some time.
Another way is to fill a clean plastic bottle with warm water and lower it into the aquarium. This "heating" is enough for 1-2 hours.
A rather extreme method of heating water is the use of conventional incandescent lamps. They need to be placed as close to the water as possible and secured.
If the included lamp touches water or a metal frame, a catastrophe will happen on the scale of one aquarium!In some cases it is necessary to lower the temperature quickly. The same will help plastic bottle, but already with cold or ice water. So you can lower the thermometer by 2-3 ° in a quarter of an hour.
You can use a cooler (fan cooling the computer). It needs to be fixed in the aquarium lid and turned on. The cooler not only cools the water, but also improves gas exchange.
So, water temperature affects all life processes of fish and other living organisms. Therefore, maintaining it within the optimal limits should be familiar to any aquarist.
In addition, we suggest watching a video about do-it-yourself aquarium cooling
Fish in the aquarium
What should be the water temperature in a home aquarium
In order for the inhabitants of home reservoirs to be comfortable, the temperature there must be at a certain level. And before you put a fish in your aquarium, you need to know what the natural conditions of its existence are (and most aquarium inhabitants come from the tropics).
The gradation of temperature parameters can be represented as follows:
- the optimal temperature of the aquarium, which is suitable for most fish, is in the range from 220 to 260C;
- the water temperature in the aquarium below the minimum optimum is no longer acceptable for warm-water fish;
- temperature rise above 260 is allowed by 2-40C, if it is gradual.
Changes in temperature in a home pond in one direction or another from the optimal parameters are easier for aquarium inhabitants to tolerate if the water is sufficiently enriched with oxygen. The most difficult thing will be full fish - they need more air at any temperature difference. But with a sharp cooling, hungry fish will also suffer.
What should be done when the temperature drops
How to lower the temperature in a pond
Temperature must be monitored
For all living beings, including fish, the most important condition for existence is the ambient temperature. It affects not only the environment, but also the chemical and biological processes that take place in animals and plants.
As for aquariums, they should have approximately the same temperature in all layers, otherwise both plants and fish may suffer. Because upper layer water is always higher than the lower one, therefore the temperature should be measured not only on the surface of the water, but also on the ground. The water temperature regulator in the aquarium can be purchased at the store, or you can make it yourself, but you can’t do without it when breeding fish. Because some temperature changes for many species of fish can be deadly.
Optimal aquarium temperature
There are no fixed numbers that fit every aquarium, as the temperature depends on factors such as its inhabitants, plants, and the chosen maintenance regime. The temperature range for most fish is from 20 to 30°C, however, for each individual species of fish, the optimum temperature should be maintained.
So the best range of constant temperature in an aquarium for guppies varies between 24-26 ° C, but some deviations are allowed - 23-28 ° C. At the same time, if the temperature drops below 14°C or rises above 33°C, then the fish will not survive.
For catfish, the temperature in the aquarium is optimal in the range from 18 to 28 ° C. However, the catfish is an unpretentious fish, therefore it can easily withstand significant deviations from these limits, but for a short time.
The temperature in the aquarium for angelfish, in principle, has a wide range. Optimal is 22-26 ° C, but they can easily tolerate a drop in temperature up to 18 ° C, but you need to lower it gradually, without sudden changes.
The optimum temperature in an aquarium for swordtails is 24-26°C, but since these fish are not demanding enough, they will calmly endure a temporary decrease to 16°C.
The recommended aquarium temperature for cichlids should be between 25-27°C. Sometimes it can be increased by 1-2 degrees, but no more, since for most fish of this species a temperature of 29 ° C is fatal. At the same time, a significant decrease in temperature even to 14 ° C can be transferred by fish quite calmly (of course, not for a very long time).
How to maintain the temperature in the aquarium?
The water temperature in the aquarium should be constant. Its fluctuations during the day are allowed within 2-4°C. Sharper drops can have a detrimental effect on the inhabitants of the aquarium.
Everyone knows that the temperature of the water in the aquarium corresponds to the temperature in the room. Therefore, when for some reason the room becomes excessively hot or cold, certain measures should be taken.
During the hot season, you will need the knowledge of how to lower the temperature in the aquarium. There are several ways to do this:
In the case when it is too cold in your apartment during the cold season, you should know how to increase the temperature in the aquarium. The simplest heater option is a heating pad with hot water. It must be placed between the heater and the side wall of the aquarium. But this is an emergency way of heating water, since it will not work to maintain the temperature of the water for a long time.
Each of the methods of raising or lowering the water temperature is good in its own way, and you should choose a specific one based on your specific needs.
What is the ideal water temperature for an aquarium?
For all aquarium fish, the temperature of the water in the aquarium is important, so you need to monitor it periodically. Suitable for most aquarium inhabitants temperature regime within 22-26 degrees. Discus and labyrinth fish need a temperature of 28-30 degrees, and goldfish - from 18 to 23. Of course, they can live at elevated temperature, but over time, diseases cannot be avoided: most often in animals, dysfunction of the swim bladder occurs.
Make sure that there are no sudden temperature changes in the aquarium (more than 4 degrees). A gradual change is acceptable, but in no case abrupt. However, jumps occur quite often, and this is especially true for small aquariums, the capacity of which is less than 60 liters. This is due to the fact that a small amount of water heats up quickly, but cools down within a short time. So, for example, a window open for several minutes can greatly cool the water, and aquarium fish get chilodonellosis or a bacterial infection. If there is no thermometer in the aquarium, then the owner will not be able to find out about such temperature fluctuations, and the symptoms of the disease may appear very late.
In order to maintain the optimal temperature of the water in the aquarium at all times, you need a thermometer and a heating pad. Every aquarist should have a thermometer. It must be placed in the aquarium so that you can clearly see the temperature. This is important, because the faster a person sees the changes and takes the necessary actions, the less the inhabitants of the aquarium will suffer. IN Lately The choice of thermometers is huge, so everyone can choose the one that suits them best.
To maintain a constant temperature in the aquarium, you need a heating pad that heats the water up to desired temperature and then automatically turns off. If she has high level power, then the inhabitants of the aquarium are not afraid of drafts, temperature changes, or ventilation.
If you do not have the opportunity to constantly be interested in what the temperature of the water in the aquarium is, then you need a heating pad. The main thing is to choose a quality one, because otherwise it may not always respond to temperature drops, not turn on, or, conversely, when the water is warmed up, it will not turn off, and your fish may boil. To prevent this from happening, the heating pad needs to be changed periodically.
If you really care about your fish, then buy only proven products for them; do not rush to choose, consult with experienced aquarists, read product reviews and only after that make a purchase.
Water temperature is one of the determining indicators for the life and health of the inhabitants of the aquarium. What temperature should be in the aquarium depends primarily on the species that you plan to keep and breed.
For each species of fish or amphibians, there are optimal conditions for keeping. You need to familiarize yourself with them before purchasing the first specimens and placing them in a new aquarium. Such a preliminary acquaintance with one or another species will allow you to select fish that match the requirements for the conditions, which then get along well and seamlessly with each other.
Most of the most common and popular fish species will do well in aquariums with a water temperature of 22-26°C. Therefore, when setting the water temperature in an aquarium for guppies, angelfish and swordtails, you need to stay within these limits. Some fish species, but not too many, like warmer water. Usually, for labyrinth fish and dicuses, it is recommended to heat the water to 28–3 ° C. Goldfish are another matter. The water temperature in the aquarium for goldfish is set in the range of 18–23 ° C. In warmer water, their lifespan is significantly reduced, they can get sick.
Separately, it should be said about the temperature of the water in the aquarium for red-eared turtle, as keeping these amphibians is becoming more and more popular. Turtles love warmth and feel best in water heated to 25-28°C.
Temperature regulation in the aquarium
Constant monitoring of fluctuations in the temperature of the water in the aquarium will allow you to notice strong changes in time and react accordingly: heat the water to required level or, conversely, cool it down. Therefore, the purchase of a thermometer for an aquarium is simple mandatory item for its arrangement. 
After all, water, especially in small aquariums, can cool down and heat up very quickly, and it will not be noticeable to the eye until the fish begin to behave sluggishly or die at all. Now you can also buy special heaters for the aquarium, which not only heat the water, but can also maintain the same temperature during operation. If the aquarium is not equipped with such a heater, then it can be purchased separately. When it is necessary to lower the temperature of the water, then it is necessary to pour out a small amount of it, and pour water of a lower temperature in its place. However, you should not replace too much water at once, as sudden changes in temperature will adversely affect the health of the fish. It is better to repeat the operation again after a while.
What temperature is comfortable for mollies?
Molliesia is one of the most beautiful viviparous fish from the pecilian family. Breeders did a good job and brought out different forms fish with different fins. Black fish are very popular. The body length of the female is about 8-10 cm, the male is 6 cm. Often, unscrupulous sellers persuade beginners to buy a fish, arguing that mollies are unpretentious and can live in any conditions, but this is not so. These charming fish love space, bright lighting and warm clear water.
One fish needs at least three liters of water. It is desirable to keep mollies in groups. These peaceful fish calmly relate to other inhabitants of the aquarium. For proper development Mollies need fresh water all the time.
Once a week, a quarter of the water is changed to fresh settled. The filter must be constantly running. It is worth mentioning that the water should be a little hard. To do this, put a piece of marble in the aquarium.
What else does mollies love? The water temperature must not be lower than 26 °C. In hot summers, the temperature can rise to 34 ° C, but this is not scary for the fish. They are much more difficult to tolerate lowering and temperature changes. In nature, mollies live in brackish waters. They are often seen in aquariums along with sea fish, and here in fresh water death awaits them.
Of course, the fish will not die immediately, but it will grow poorly and get sick. For 100 liters of water, it is necessary to dilute about 150 grams of sea or ordinary salt. Iodized salt "Extra" should not be used in any case.
Often aquarists kill their mollies by giving them only animal food. Young and adult fish need vegetable food. They can be given scalded cabbage and dandelion leaves. Fish eat filamentous algae with pleasure and generally love aquariums planted with aquatic plants. Feed adult mollies once a day. With good care, these beautiful fish can live in an aquarium and delight their owner for about eight years.
All life on our planet can exist only in the optimal temperature range. This fully applies to ornamental fish. What temperature should be maintained in a water house? How to create comfortable conditions For different types fish? These and other questions need to be thought about even before the start of breeding aquarium animals.
The development, vital activity and health of aquatic inhabitants directly depend on the state of the environment. And ornamental fish are no exception. The fact is that the chemical and biological processes of their body are closely related to the temperature regime.
For example, heating water only 8-10 degrees above normal causes fish to increase their oxygen consumption. And in an excessively warm aquatic environment, the solubility of oxygen molecules decreases.
This factor in some cases can even lead to the death of the inhabitants of the aquarium. In such situations, they say that the fish suffocated.
That is why professional aquarists recommend not to deviate from the regime by more than 2-4 degrees.
Sharp temperature drops are also undesirable, which are possible if the house for aquatic animals is installed incorrectly: by the window on the sunny side, for example.
Optimal temperature
Most often, people keep in their home aquariums fish, whose homeland are tropical latitudes. The water temperature in such a climate practically does not change and is 20-26 degrees above zero. Approximately the same amount must be maintained in the aquarium by the owners of decorative domestic fish. True, for different species there may be some variations of the regime.
So, a normal climate for life must be constantly maintained. This is achieved with the help of special aquarium equipment. 
Water heater for aquarium
If the aquarium is deep enough, then the water in its lower part is somewhat colder than at the surface. It is believed that the temperature difference should not be more than 2 degrees, and ideally water environment should be homogeneous.
That is why when heating water, the so-called rod heater is most often used. This simple device is structurally a hollow glass (or ceramic) rod, inside of which is placed a heating element - nichrome wire.
Using suction cups, the aquarium heater is attached vertically to the tank wall. Most models have an automatic heating control function.
The thermostat for the aquarium is very convenient: there is no need to constantly turn the device on and off.
Such devices are widely represented on the market. Here you can highlight the aquarium heater of the Polish company Aquael or the Chinese product of the XILong brand. Products of these manufacturers are produced both with and without thermostats (budget option). 
Aquarium cooler
Often it is required to provide cooling of water in an aquarium. Such a need may arise at high room temperatures. For these purposes, special devices have been created - aquarium coolers. They come in two main types: air and water.
air cooler is essentially a compact fan with a temperature sensor. It attaches to the top of the rear window and circulates cool air over the surface of the water, increasing the rate of evaporation. warm water.
Having cooled the water, the fan stops working at the command of the temperature sensor. low power consumption, low level noise during operation contribute to the widespread use of such coolers in small and shallow aquariums.
As an example, German-made portable cooling fans of the JBL Cooler series are characterized by high reliability and low power consumption. They are all equipped with a thermostat to adjust the duration of operation.
For large home or office aqua systems, as a rule, remote coolers. They are also called aquarium refrigerators. By their design, they are really compact refrigeration units, which very effectively cool the aquarium water driven through their system.
Devices installed near the aquarium are equipped with two tubes that are lowered into the tank. One tube is used to take in warm water, and the second is to release chilled water.
In the aquarium market, such devices are represented by the products of the Italian company Teco, the Chinese series of aqua-refrigerators HAILEA and Resun.
Forced adjustment of the temperature of the aquarium water is an absolute must. The choice of suitable heaters and coolers depends on the size of the aquarium, the room temperature and of course the budget of the aquarist.
Video on how to organize the cooling of the aquarium with your own hands:
