Mediterranean jellyfish fried egg. Jellyfish - Russian doctor in Mallorca Dra Natalya Nagorskikh. Medusa cannonball

No matter how a person treats jellyfish, they always attract his attention with their mystery, grace and beauty. Living in all oceans, these creatures can be found even in some freshwater rivers and reservoirs. We present to your attention the ten most beautiful jellyfish in the world:

The Mediterranean jellyfish (or fried egg jellyfish), resembling a poached egg, lives in the Aegean, Adriatic and, of course, the Mediterranean Sea. It is distinguished from other jellyfish by the ability to move independently in the water, without relying on waves.

The purple striped jellyfish lives in Monterrey Bay and is not yet well understood by science. Can cause quite serious damage on contact in the form of burns.

Narcomedusa (or Darth Vader) was first discovered in the waters of the Arctic quite recently. The jellyfish has a terrifying appearance and 4 tentacles, which she stretches forward while swimming, so that it is more convenient to get her prey.

Black sea nettle. Adults reach 5 meters and can have 24 tentacles. Live in the waters Pacific Ocean feeding on larvae, plankton and other jellyfish.

Diplulmaris Antarctica lives in the waters of Antarctica. In the jellyfish live side-rights (small white dots), which can even feed on it.

Olindias formosa is a rare species of jellyfish. It lives off the coast of Argentina, Brazil and Japan. There are not so many representatives of this species, but they can also leave quite severe burns on human skin.

Cannonball jellyfish can be found in the waters of all east coast America - from the USA to Brazil. In Asia, these jellyfish are used in traditional medicine: It is believed that with their help you can cure lung disease, arthritis and lower blood pressure.

Porpita porpita, more commonly known as the "blue button", lives on the surface of the water. The sea dweller consists of a rigid float and hydroid colonies resembling tentacles.

The blue jellyfish, the owner of very stinging tentacles, lives in the waters of the North and Irish Seas, as well as off the coast of Scotland.

The Portuguese boat is distinguished from other jellyfish by the presence of many jellyfish individuals. Having a gas bubble, the jellyfish floats on the surface of the water, absorbing air. tentacles marine life in the extended state can reach 50 meters.

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Appearance a large number jellyfish in the seas surrounding Greece was bad news for bathers. General Directorate of the Ministry Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine at the Department of Fisheries DAKO OQ Fthiotida, in collaboration with the Greek Center for Marine Research, has released a guide that tells you how to recognize dangerous and non-dangerous species of jellyfish that live in the seas surrounding Greece, as well as what to do if you are stung by a poisonous jellyfish .

Jellyfish mediterranean sea

Dangerous jellyfish

Map of beaches where dangerous jellyfish are found

There are 3 main species found in the Mediterranean and other seas dangerous jellyfish, burns from which give severe pain when touched, and can also cause an allergic reaction:

• Pelagia- a small lilac sting;
• Chrysaora- sea nettle;
• cyanea- hairy jellyfish;

Medusa Pelagia
Pelagia (Pelagia noctiluca), also related to disk jellyfish, exists only in the medusa stage. The edge of her umbrella is divided into eight petals, where the sense organs are located - vision, a rudimentary sense of smell, as well as organs of balance. This is a medium-sized jellyfish, rarely exceeding 12 cm in diameter of an umbrella.

The umbrella is bell-shaped, the color of the dome can vary from purple to brownish red. The edge of the bell, decorated with frills, is equipped with eight thin, armed stinging cells, tentacles, and four oral lobes extending from the mouth opening.

The name of this jellyfish is translated from German language, as "evening light" due to the variegated coloring of the dome and the ability to emit light when touching any objects underwater.
Pelagia poison is dangerous for humans, it can cause burns and even shock.

If you see this jellyfish in the water, it is better to immediately get out of the water.

Chrysaora - sea nettle

also known as the compass jellyfish, a very common species of jellyfish that lives in the coastal waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, including off the coasts of the United Kingdom and Turkey. It has a diameter of up to 30 cm. Its 24 tentacles are located in eight groups of three. The body is painted yellowish-white with shades of brown. Compass jellyfish are in the shape of a saucer-bell, with 32 semicircular lobes Brown all over the edge. On upper surface the bell has 16 V-shaped rays, also brown. The mouth opening is located in the center of the lower part of the bell, and is surrounded by four tentacles.

The scyphoid jellyfish Chrysaora, named for obvious reasons sea nettle and living in tropical seas, is capable of causing heart failure, not to mention dermatitis and necrosis. Behind the jellyfish drifting on the waves stretches the longest train of filamentous tentacles, spread out so wide that you can literally get stuck in them without noticing the jellyfish's bell itself, pulsing somewhere off to the side. The venom from the stinging cells of Chrysaora hysoscella is potent and can lead to painful, long-lasting wounds.

Medusa Cyanea

The poison of cyanide does not pose a mortal threat to humans, but can cause very severe burns and a rash on the body at the point of contact with its poisonous tentacles.

Another one good news- jellyfish stings are extremely rarely a threat to life. The bad news is that the moment a jellyfish stings, it leaves thousands of incredibly small stingers in your body that cling to your skin and release venom. Most often, this poison causes mild discomfort or painful redness.

Non-dangerous jellyfish

The eared jellyfish is well known to everyone who has visited the Black Sea coast at least once. However, it is a pronounced cosmopolitan - it is widespread throughout the world and lives in coastal waters in almost all temperate and tropical seas of both hemispheres, even entering the Arctic regions. Sometimes these animals form huge clusters.

Perhaps the most harmless jellyfish, which, however, can cause trouble for allergy sufferers or if this jellyfish is smeared on the delicate tissues of the face and mucous membrane.

Medusa, which is also called "Live scrambled eggs" is one of the most common types mediterranean jellyfish.It can also be found in the Adriatic and Aegean Seas, this creature can reach a decent size, up to 35 - 40 cm in diameter.

Unlike most other representatives of the cnidarian type, they are able to move autonomously, using only the power of undercurrents that pick up the "protein" of the jellyfish's body. Cotylorhiza tuberculata has stinging cells that contain a toxic substance, as well as a very small sting, fortunately, such jellyfish are almost not dangerous for humans. However, caution should not be neglected, the reaction to poison varies and sensitivity to it is individual.

, or phosphorus jellyfish, is a species of hydrozoan from the central and eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea.

This is the real queen of jellyfish. So gracefully she carries her shining dome. Of course, the most difficult thing is to capture how the phosphorescent jellyfish swims in the dark water of the ocean.

Previously, a rather rare guest in the waters surrounding Greece for Last year recorded in many places. A jellyfish from the order of limnomedusas, which has a translucent body and a speaking name - "Phosphoric Olindias" (Olindias phosphorica). Main Feature of these unique animals lies in their "highlighting". Upon contact with human skin, the venom of these jellyfish leads to minor irritation. Most likely, such defenselessness, plus beauty - these are the foundations of the current small number of the species "Phosphoric olyndias".

Medusa Cornerot - the largest jellyfish in the Black and Mediterranean Seas. Medusa belongs to the order Cornerota (lat. Rhizostomeae) and can reach 50-60 cm in diameter and weigh 10 kg.

This pelagic species is widely distributed in Atlantic Ocean, the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea (along the Adriatic coast) and the Black Sea. A convex umbrella and massive oral lobes with numerous processes give the jellyfish a characteristic appearance. Poisonous stinging cells are located on lacy lobes. The poison does not pose a serious danger to humans. Only in sensitive people, upon contact with the oral lobes, a strong irritation similar to a nettle burn may occur, which disappears within a short time. This is probably why the jellyfish is also called sea nettle, zhigalka, zhguchka.

How does a jellyfish sting

Most jellyfish hide in their seductive jelly-like body stinging cells - nematocytes, which produce the poison necessary for jellyfish to protect themselves from enemies and kill prey. Nematocytes contain the smallest intracellular structures - nematocysts (a capsule with a hollow thread twisted in it in the form of a spiral). When touched by a jellyfish, they act like a harpoon: they shoot, fix on the skin and, through the thinnest channel, inject nerve poison into the body of the victim. Contact with tentacles separated from jellyfish can also be dangerous. After contact, the stinging cells remain on the skin and continue to give out portions of the poison, the person gets burns and severe pain, up to pain shock.

Symptoms of jellyfish stings

The symptoms of a jellyfish sting include obvious pain, which can exceed the pain shock caused by the sting of several wasps at once. After the initial pain, you may have jellyfish burn symptoms such as itching, developing a rash, and large welts. Depending on the type of jellyfish and the severity of the sting, symptoms that may develop later may include:

• nausea and vomiting
• convulsions
• numbness
• muscle spasms
• diarrhea.

If the jellyfish bite is severe enough, it can even result in coma. Most poisonous species jellyfish actually accumulate most of these symptoms and causes of death in just a few minutes. Luckily, there are none in Greece.

Prevention of stings of jellyfish

What to do so that you are not stung by a jellyfish?
The first thing to do is to follow simple rules security:

• avoid meeting with a jellyfish, in a calm state, she holds her tentacles, which in fact can stretch for a considerable distance;
• do not go into the water after a storm, there may be fragments of tentacles in the water;
• while diving underwater, it is better not to touch anything, even if you are wearing gloves.

So, preventing a jellyfish sting is best measure jellyfish sting treatment that always works :o). The first rule of defense against jellyfish is to try to avoid areas of water where jellyfish are plentiful.

If you do swim and bathe in jellyfish infested areas, be sure to check with local residents, hotel staff, what kind of jellyfish is here and how serious it is.
Swimming in areas with high jellyfish populations is best done with as much protective equipment as possible, including a wetsuit, mask, gloves, and fins.

Another valuable advice- keep yourself from wanting to touch a jellyfish, even a dead one. A dead jellyfish still retains the ability to sting.

First aid for a victim of a jellyfish sting

Are common practical advice affected by contact with the stinging cells of jellyfish are as follows:

• in no case do not touch the jellyfish burn with your hands, and do not comb the skin at the point of contact - it is likely that the stings are still in your skin, and scratching the bite or simply touching it will only increase the effect of the poison .;
• plentifully water this area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe body sea ​​water, while making a minimum of movements. (As an alternative, washing the jellyfish sting site directly in the salt water of the sea), thus, some part of the toxic substance and the remains of the jellyfish tentacles will be washed off;
• Remember: what to do with a jellyfish sting you can’t - so it’s washing the jellyfish sting with fresh water, because it promotes the release of toxins!
• promptly contact any medical center located nearby, where you will be provided with qualified assistance using special preparations;
• you can apply ice to the inflamed area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin, which will significantly reduce the pain from a jellyfish burn;
• monitor the heart rhythms and breathing of the victims - some patients may experience allergic reactions and pain shock.

More detailed rules for first aid if stung by a jellyfish are as follows:

• If stung by a jellyfish, you need to get out of the water. Even though Mediterranean jellyfish do not pose a threat to life, after contact with a jellyfish, you should immediately get out of the water and start treating the area that got the jellyfish burn.
  If a jellyfish has stung a child or the elderly, allergy sufferers, as well as those who have problems with cardiovascular or respiratory systems, you have to be very careful. If such people are stung by a jellyfish, then they may experience a painful shock.
• Clean and rinse the jellyfish sting. After the victim of a jellyfish sting is on the shore, you must immediately get rid of the remnants of the jellyfish tentacles. Never clean the wound with bare hands so as not to get a new jellyfish burn.
  In the process of extracting the remains of the tentacles, remain as still as possible, try to calm down as much as possible. The more you move in the process of extracting the remains of the tentacles, the more poison will spread throughout your body.
  Use a credit card or a razor to lift and remove the stings from the skin. Be as gentle as possible and try to place the credit card at a 30-degree angle. Additional irritation on the skin can be caused by capsules located in the tentacles (they are called “nematocysts”). These capsules increase the pain.
  The tentacles of a jellyfish are able to separate from its body and get stuck in the skin. Their number can be measured in thousands. And, like any good defense mechanism, they will sting you until you remove them.
  If you don’t have a credit (any plastic) card or a razor handy, try a non-standard approach using other things. Use a damp towel or gloved hands and try to pull the tentacles out of the victim's affected skin. Do not touch the tentacles with bare hands. They can sting even after they have separated from the jellyfish.

To clean the wound, you can use napkins, a cotton swab. Tongs, a knife, and a couple of clean sticks can be helpful tools in extracting jellyfish tentacles.
Discard materials that have been in contact with jellyfish nematocysts. Reduce the likelihood of an accidental re-bite to zero.

The simplest and fast way- this is to wash the jellyfish burn with salt water or soda solution. Do not under any circumstances use fresh water, it only activates stinging cells.

• Apply lotion to the jellyfish sting. If you have a first aid kit with you, and it contains apple cider vinegar, alcohol or ammonia, you need to make a lotion. A lotion for a jellyfish burn will help remove toxins - this is indicated in the vast majority of the recommendations I found on the net ..
  But it must be said that some researchers believe that the use of vinegar can increase the amount of poison emitted by nematocysts by 50%.
  I met a lot of recommendations on the net: to neutralize a jellyfish sting, you can treat it with fresh human urine (by the way, information regarding the effectiveness of vinegar is ambiguous - see the opinion of British doctors below).
• Treat the jellyfish burn site. After neutralizing the poison of the jellyfish, the burn should be treated for inflammation and itching. Perfect option– gel or cream with hydrocortisone, it will reduce swelling. Skin itching will help remove drugs and creams from insect bites. For example, gels with antihistamine and anti-inflammatory properties: Psilo-balm, Fenistil-gel, Aloe Vera.
• Drink a lot. A victim of a jellyfish sting is advised to drink plenty of fluids.
• Contact a doctor. After providing first aid, it is imperative to consult a doctor, as some types of jellyfish can be very dangerous, and a jellyfish bite can lead to complications or an allergic reaction.

How to treat a jellyfish sting with baking soda

The most ideal treatment for jellyfish stings without the use of drugs is to create a paste using baking soda and salt water. IN Greek soda also sounds - soda (μαγειρική σόδα). The most popular brand is "Σόδα Μαγειρική Ήλιος" soda.
Mix baking soda and water until you get a thick and sticky mixture, and apply it to the area of ​​the skin that was stung by the jellyfish. Allow the paste to dry and then slowly clean the bite. Although there may be some discomfort from "waxing" some of your hair, you will experience the positive effect that the baking soda and sea water paste cleanses deeply damaged skin cells.

This cannot be done!

1. Apply oily cream and any kind of oils to the burnt area of ​​the skin.
2. Cauterize the inflamed area with alcohol-containing solutions for "disinfection", incl. iodine and greenery.
3. Rubbing, scratching, scraping or any other skin irritating effect at the burn site.
4. Do not use Panthenol - it is intended for the treatment of thermal burns, not chemical burns of jellyfish.
5. Do not treat jellyfish burns with urine. Contrary to popular belief, urine does not help relieve the pain of a jellyfish sting. Contained in urine chemical substances cannot neutralize the poison of the jellyfish, and therefore do not reduce pain. For these purposes, more suitable sea ​​water or vinegar. I would like to note that regarding vinegar, alcohol and urine, the Internet gives conflicting information. Common sense dictates that they should be used only in extreme cases. If you still decide to use them, start with small area affected skin. If the pain worsens, stop self-medication and consult your doctor.

A little about medical care and rescue services in Greece.

The emergency number is 112 or 199.
Remember, in Greece there is no special service rescue, its functions are performed by local firefighters. For the most part, they know how to provide first aid, but don't count on it too much. In any case, call 199 (112) and try to report (in English or Greek) that you are in trouble. If anything they will call and " ambulance" on one's own.

Perhaps this phrasebook will help you find mutual language with a doctor:

Topic "At the Doctor's"
Στο γιατρό

"Actually, I would compare these jellyfish to poached eggs, because they swim in the water column, like this original dish", - said one of the leaders of the jellyfish reproduction project in unnatural environment. This species was caught in the Mediterranean Sea, and biologists have argued that it is extremely difficult to create conditions for the reproduction of "fried egg jellyfish".

"The aquarium should have the most similar composition of sea water, we install special lamps daylight and provide regular balanced nutrition to our jellyfish. In the first days after birth, jellyfish are very tiny - about one centimeter in diameter, but they immediately look like scrambled eggs.

"Live scrambled eggs" - Cotylorhiza tuberculata - is one of the most common species of Mediterranean jellyfish. It can also be found in the Adriatic and Aegean seas. Creatures can reach decent sizes, up to 35 - 40 cm in diameter. Unlike most other representatives of the cnidarian type, they are able to move autonomously, using only the power of undercurrents that pick up the "protein" of the jellyfish's body. Cotylorhiza tuberculata has stinging cells that contain a toxic substance, as well as a very small sting. For humans, such jellyfish are not at all dangerous.

Jellyfish are very ancient type living beings, and at present their number on Earth is constantly growing. According to experts from the Oceanographic Institute of Paris, the honey population in the oceans is expanding due to active fishing and. Moreover, the trend towards an increase in the number of jellyfish has been outlined only in the last decade.

Warming expands the habitat of heat-loving creatures. So, in the summer of 2010, due to the abnormal heat, tropical jellyfish were found in Moscow water bodies. In early August, several individuals of tropical jellyfish were caught in the Strogino floodplain of the Moskva River. Scientists explained the discovery by the fact that jellyfish are able to exist for decades in the polyp stage. However, they do not reveal themselves. But in the event of a sharp warming of the water, jellyfish become more active and continue to live even in fresh water.

Medusa cannonball

The cannonball jellyfish lives along the East Coast of the United States as far as Brazil. She got her name from unusual shape perfectly smooth and round like a cannonball. In Asian countries, these jellyfish are widely used in folk medicine. It is believed that they can cure lung disease, arthritis, lower blood pressure.

Olindias formosa (Olindias formosa)

This rare view jellyfish is found off the coast of Brazil, Argentina, Japan. Characteristic of these jellyfish is hovering at shallow depths. When the jellyfish is in this state, its tentacles are concentrated under the cap. Due to the small number of this species does not pose a danger to humans, but we should not forget that they are able to leave very severe burns.

portuguese boat

This amazing creature differs from all jellyfish in that it consists of many medusoid individuals. It has a gas bubble, floats on the surface of the water, which allows it to absorb air. tentacles Portuguese boat in the extended state can reach 50 meters.

purple striped jellyfish

This type of jellyfish can be found in Monterrey Bay. They have not yet been well studied. This jellyfish has quite big sizes and can cause serious burns to a person. Stripes and color saturation appear in jellyfish with age. Along the way warm currents the jellyfish can also migrate to the shores of Southern California. This was especially noticeable in 2012, when 130 people received jellyfish burns (black sea nettle and purple striped).

Mediterranean or medusa fried egg

This amazing creature really resembles a fried egg, or a poached egg. Jellyfish lives in the Mediterranean, Adriatic and Aegean seas. Its important feature is that it can move independently, without relying on the waves.

Darth Vader or drug jellyfish

This species of jellyfish was found in the Arctic. It happened quite recently. In addition to such an interesting and at the same time terrifying look, the jellyfish has 4 tentacles and 12 stomach sacs. While swimming, the tentacles are retracted forward to better reach their prey.

blue jellyfish

The blue jellyfish has very stinging tentacles. It has been found off the coast of Scotland, in the North Sea and in the Irish Sea. The average transverse diameter of this jellyfish is 15 centimeters. The color varies from dark blue to bright blue.

porpit porpit

It's not exactly a jellyfish. More commonly, this creature is known as the blue button. Porpit lives on the surface of the ocean, consists of two parts: a hard golden-brown float and hydroid colonies, which in their appearance are very similar to the tentacles of a jellyfish. Porpita can be easily confused with a jellyfish.

Diplulmaris Antarctica

This magnificent creature lives in the deep waters of Antarctica and has four bright orange tentacles as well as white tentacles. The little white dots on the jellyfish are the side pieces. They live in a jellyfish, and sometimes even feed on it.

Black sea nettle

The black sea nettle is a giant bell-shaped jellyfish, 3 feet in diameter. An adult can reach 5 meters and have 24 tentacles. This type of jellyfish was found in the waters of the Pacific Ocean. they are carnivores. In food they prefer larvae, plankton, and other jellyfish.