Poklonnaya Gora short description. Children about Russian history: Poklonnaya Gora. The history of the creation of Victory Park

Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow is one of the main attractions of the capital, which immortalized the memory of those who died during the Great Patriotic War. This is a memorial park located between Kutuzovsky Prospekt and Minskaya Street. It is a popular holiday destination for Muscovites and guests of the capital. The park is part of the Memorial of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.

Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow - history

In the west of the capital, between the Setun and Filka rivers, there is a gentle hill. In the old days, travelers coming to the city could see the capital city from this hill and bow to it. Hence the name - Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow. The first mention of it is found in the annals of the 16th century. It was located on the Smolensk road and important milestones in the history of our Motherland are associated with it. Here Napoleon in 1812 was waiting for the keys to Moscow to be brought to him. Soldiers went to the front along the same road during the Great Patriotic War.

Back in 1942, a memorial project was developed. But during the war and in the post-war years, it was difficult to build it. In 1958, a memorial sign was erected at this place with the words "A monument to the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 will be erected here." Then a park was founded, which was called the Victory Park. Funds for the construction of the ensemble were collected by citizens, earned on subbotniks, and also allocated by the state and the government of the capital. The memorial complex was opened on the 50th anniversary of the Victory Day on May 9, 1995.

Monuments and buildings on Poklonnaya Hill

The memorial complex covers an area of ​​135 hectares. On its territory are the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War, the Victory Monument and three churches built in memory of those who died in the Great Patriotic War. On Pobediteley Square, which is the main attraction of Victory Park, there is an obelisk 141.8 meters high. This height reminds us of 1418 days and nights of the Great Patriotic War. At the hundred-meter mark, a bronze figure of the goddess of Victory, Nike, is fixed. At the foot of the obelisk, on a granite podium, there is a statue of St. George the Victorious, who strikes a snake with a spear - a symbol of evil. Both sculptures were made by Z. Tsereteli. In the Victory Park, there is also a monument to the Defenders of the Russian Land (sculptor A. Bichugov) and a Monument to All the Fallen (sculptor V. Znoba). On April 30, 2010, on the eve of the celebration of the 65th anniversary of the Victory, the Eternal Flame was lit on Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow. A torch with a flame was delivered from the Eternal Flame near the Kremlin wall on an armored personnel carrier with an escort of motorcyclists.

Temples on Poklonnaya Hill

Church of St. George the Victorious was founded His Holiness Patriarch Alexy II next to the memorial on December 9, 1993 and was consecrated by him on May 6, 1995. Architect - A. Polyansky. The iconostasis was made by A. Chashkin. The authors of bronze bas-reliefs are Z. Anjaparidze, Z. Tsereteli, mosaic icons - E. Klyuchareva. In the whole appearance of the temple, it is clear that elements of modernism have been added to the Russian style. The shrine of the temple is a particle of the relics of the Great Martyr George the Victorious, donated by the Jerusalem Patriarch Diodorus, transferred to the temple in 1998. The church has a children's Sunday school. The temple also enlightens the children of the psycho-neurological boarding school. The temple includes the temple-chapel of the Archangel Michael at Memorial Museum Patriotic War of 1812. Some believe that the location of the temple was chosen extremely poorly - not far from the goddess Nike, crowning a high 140-meter obelisk.

The memorial mosque was opened on September 6, 1997 on the day of the celebration of the 850th anniversary of the capital. The construction of the mosque combines the features of various Muslim architectural schools. A community and a madrasah work at the mosque.

The building of the Temple of Memory - the Synagogue, was built and solemnly opened on September 2, 1998. The synagogue building was built on the basis of the concept of Israeli architect Moshe Zarhi. The opening was attended by the President of Russia. IN ground floor and an exhibition dedicated to Jewish history and the Holocaust was arranged in the gallery of the prayer hall.

In 2003, a chapel was opened on the territory of the Memorial, erected in memory of the Spanish volunteers who died during the Great Patriotic War. In addition, it is planned to build a Buddhist stupa, an Armenian chapel and a Catholic church on Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow.

Museum on Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow

From Kutuzovsky Prospekt, along the central alley of Victory Park, you can go to the round Pobediteley Square. The Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War is located here. Millions of visitors have visited it since its opening. The museum was established in 1986. There are about 50 thousand exhibits here. 385 volumes of memory books tell us about those who died in the war. The museum has a large collection of items telling about the Great Patriotic War. This weapon and Combat vehicles, uniforms and awards, photographs and many other documents. In addition, there are also works of art: paintings and sculpture, graphics and posters. The museum's library contains more than 50,000 publications, including rare books. The museum presents the exposition "The Way to Victory". Visitors will be able to visit the art gallery, see six dioramas that represent the main battles of the war. There is an exhibition of military equipment (foreign and domestic) and fortifications times of war. One of the most valuable relics of the museum is the Victory Banner, hoisted on April 30, 1945 over the Reichstag in Berlin.

Rest on Poklonnaya Hill, in Victory Park

In addition to monuments dedicated to the victory in the Great Patriotic War, there is an opportunity to have a good rest. Both adults and children will find entertainment to their liking. You can come here with the whole family. There are swings and various attractions. Elderly people meet, walk along the Victory Park, remembering the old days. You can take a tour by traveling by road train. And young people will have a great time riding bicycles. Rollers and skateboarders train here. There are cafes in the Victory Park for those who are hungry.
Huge flower clock will tell you the exact time.

IN summer time Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow is a place of folk festivals.

Application No. 4

Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow is one of the main attractions of the capital, which immortalized the memory of those who died during the Great Patriotic War. This is a memorial park located between Kutuzovsky Prospekt and Minskaya Street. The park is part of the Memorial of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. Poklonnaya Gora is a popular holiday destination for Muscovites and guests of the capital.

Poklonnaya Gora - a gentle hill in the westMoscow , between the rivers Setun andFilka . Once Poklonnaya Hill was far beyondMoscow , and from its top a panorama of the city and its environs opened. In the old days, travelers coming to the city could see the capital city from this hill and bow to it. Hence the name - Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow. Travelers often stop here to look atMoscow and worship her churches. Here, on an elevated place, important persons, foreign embassies met with bows. Knowing this historical fact, exactly on Poklonnaya HillNapoleon in 1812 he was waiting for the keys to Moscow to be brought to him.

Soldiers went to the front along the same road during the Great Patriotic War.

Victory Park is located in the west of Moscow, between Kutuzovsky Prospekt and the Moscowskaya branch. railway Kyiv direction.
During the walk, we will see the Triumphal Gates, Poklonnaya Hill with a flower clock, the Church of St. George the Victorious, as well as the multi-meter stela of the Victory Monument.

And if we look back, we will see the Triumphal Gate archlocated on Kutuzovsky Prospekt.

We will definitely return to it, but first we will go to Victory Park.

Now it is already difficult to imagine the capital without a memorial complex on Poklonnaya Hill, but it appeared relatively recently, in 1995, in honor of the 50th anniversary of the Victory. Prior to this, the Victory Park, founded in 1958, was one of the many garden and park areas of the city.

Poklonnaya Gora is part of the Tatar Upland, which also includes the Krylatsky Hills and the heights of the Filevsky Forest Park. Previously, Poklonnaya Hill was much higher and larger in area, it opened a panorama of the city and its surroundings. Travelers stopped here to look at the city and bow to its churches, which is why the name of the mountain appeared. Guests of the city were solemnly welcomed here. Knowing this fact, it was on Poklonnaya Gora that Napoleon Bonaparte was waiting for the keys to Moscow in 1812.

In 1966, most of Poklonnaya Gora was demolished. Only a small hill remained from it, located in the eastern part of Victory Park, directly at the exit from the metro.

The hill is decorated with a flower clock - the only one in Moscow. They were built in 2001 and were listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the largest in the world. But due to the fact that the technical elements of the watch system are constantly in conditions of high humidity and pollution, they do not always work, sometimes they are just a big flower garden.

On the top of the hill you can see a small wooden cross. It was installed in 1991 to the glory of all Orthodox warriors- participants of the Great Patriotic War, anticipating the construction of the Temple of St. George the Victorious, erected by 1995.

It is not necessary to climb the hill itself, since there are no steps or any other devices, you will have to climb directly on the grass, and if in winter, then on the snow. But if you are confident in your abilities, then you can rise. From the top of the mountain you have a good view of the city.

The alley "Years of War" is decorated with the complex of fountains of the same name. It consists of 15 bowls, from each it shoots 15 jets, thus forming the number 255 - so many weeks the war went on. At night, the fountains are illuminated, the illumination is made in red tones, for which the fountains are sometimes even called “bloody fountains”.

By left side from the fountains there is a sculptural ensemble consisting of 15 columns dedicated to the fronts and other units of the Soviet army.

From afar, the sculptures look the same: a column mounted on a granite pedestal, the top is decorated with a five-pointed star and military banners.

And at the base of each of the columns is a bas-relief dedicated to one of the units.

This is in turn: Workers of the home front; Partisans and underground workers; Black Sea, Baltic and Northern fleets; 3rd, 2nd, 4th and 1st Ukrainian fronts; 1st, 2nd and 3rd Belorussian fronts; 1-Baltic front; Leningrad front.

From the alley "Years of War" turn left, to the Church of St. George. It, like most of the monuments included in the memorial complex, was erected in 1995, in honor of the 50th anniversary of the Victory.

The facade of the Temple is decorated with bas-reliefs with the faces of the Savior, the Virgin and St. George.

Near the entrance to the Temple, we will see a sculpture depicting a wounded soldier. This is the Monument to the Missing Soldiers without Graves. It was presented as a gift to Moscow by the Republic of Ukraine.

From the Temple, you can return to the main alley of the park, or, if we have already examined everything there, go straight up to the Victory Monument. The stairs start immediately from the monument to the missing.

The architectural complex, including the Victory Monument and the majestic building of the Museum of the Great Patriotic War, makes an indelible impression. The stele is one of the tallest monuments in Moscow, its height is 142 meters. The top is crowned with a sculpture of the goddess of victory Nike.

And at its base there is a monument to George the Victorious, slaying the dragon - a symbol of the victory of good over evil, taken from Orthodoxy.

If we digress a little from the military theme and look around, we will see that from the hill on which the monument is located, a magnificent view of the city opens up. On the left - skyscrapers of the Moscow City Business Center.

On the right - one of Stalin's famous skyscrapers - the main building of Moscow State University on Sparrow Hills.

The Eternal Flame burns between the Monument and the entrance to the museum.

It appeared in Victory Park relatively recently, much later than the erection of the sculptural ensemble of Poklonnaya Hill. In December 2009, the Eternal Flame was moved here from the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. Engineering and technical communications were being repaired in the Alexander Garden, and since the Eternal Flame should not die out even for a minute, it was decided to temporarily reschedule it. And in April 2010, on the eve of the celebration of the 65th anniversary of the Victory, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the Eternal Flame entered the Victory Park memorial on a permanent basis, becoming the third in the capital after the lights in the Alexander Garden and at the Preobrazhensky Cemetery.

Having passed the Eternal Flame, we come to the Museum of the Great Patriotic War. Inspection of the museum's expositions can take a whole day, so we will not go inside today, leaving the visit to the museum for another day. Having seen the artillery pieces of the times of the Great Patriotic War, located at the entrance, we will head to the passage between the columns of the building.

Let's go to the right wing of the building. Here is the Monument to the front-line dog, erected in memory of the four-legged fighters who helped the soldiers during the war years. Dogs served in the medical troops (delivering medicines, and sometimes pulling the wounded from the battlefield), on guard duty, found explosives, and helped scouts. Demolition dogs, hung with explosives, rushed under enemy tanks. In this way, about 350 units of military equipment were destroyed.

Behind the trees we will see another monument. Even from afar, it makes a depressing impression.

Coming closer, we will be convinced of the correctness of our emotions. This sculptural composition is called "The Tragedy of the Nations", it is dedicated to all the victims of Nazi concentration camps.

In the center are sculptures of emaciated people without clothes, and on the right and left are books, children's toys, clothes, shoes and other household items scattered in a chaotic manner.

On the right side of the composition, there is a granite slab on which the inscription "May the memory of them be sacred, may it be preserved for centuries" is engraved.

And if we come closer and go through a narrow passage between the fragments of the monument, we will see that there are many such slabs. The same words are written on them. different languages- Ukrainian, Tatar, Armenian, Hebrew, etc., symbolizing the multinationality of the victims of fascism.

Next to the "Tragedy of the Nations" there is another memorial sign, a small granite plaque with a bronze bas-relief located directly on the ground, is called "The Spirit of the Elbe". It is dedicated to the meeting of Soviet and American troops on the Elbe River in April 1945.

Passing by the rear facade, in the distance we will see another monument, located with its back to us.

We will definitely come to him, but later. If we go there now, we might get off track and miss other equally important sights.

Entrance to the territory is paid, however, the price is purely symbolic (70 rubles). You can also walk along the exposition fence, which is made of metal rods, through which most of the exhibits can be viewed without entering the museum, but moving along the fence.

The first part of the exposition, located at the main entrance, presents a reconstruction of the battle from the beginning of the war, when Soviet army held the defense of their own territories. Tanks are located on one side of the imaginary front line, artillery mounts Hitler's army

on the other - Soviet technology.

The front line is represented by trenches, anti-tank hedgehogs and other fortifications. You can go down into the trench to look at the exposition from the bottom up, as the soldiers sitting in the trenches had to do.

Artillery guns:

Railway technology:

And even aviation.

The collection includes not only small fighters, but also more powerful winged vehicles.

From afar, the territory fenced off from strangers looks like a scrap metal dump, but when we get closer, we will see that these are details. military equipment, found on the battlefields, from which exhibits are collected. After all, there is not a single dummy in the exposition, all the equipment presented really participated in the battles of the Great Patriotic War.

Having passed the main part of the exposition, we will find ourselves in a small copse. A model of a partisan camp has been set up here: dugouts, a watchtower and other wooden structures.

The next part of the exhibition is dedicated to the navy: there are ship engines, guns, and a submarine cabin:

And even whole parts of ships:

At the exit from the territory of the exposition there is a collection of military equipment of one of the main German allies - Japan.

From the exhibition area you can clearly see the building in oriental style with crescents on domes. This is a memorial mosque in honor of the Muslim soldiers who died in the Great Patriotic War.

Leaving the gates of the exhibition, we will find ourselves at a crossroads, from which four roads diverge in different directions. In the center is a small monument, made in the style of a Catholic chapel.

The association, created during the Second World War to confront Nazi Germany and its satellites (primarily Italy and Japan), by 1945 there were 53 states. Someone really participated in the hostilities, someone helped with food and weapons. Of course, the USSR made the greatest contribution to the victory, and it is customary to single out the armies of the USA, Great Britain and France from other countries. Therefore, against the background of a granite stele crowned with a gilded UN symbol, there are four figures of soldiers in the form of the armies of these countries.

Let's go back from the monument back to the crossroads. Standing with your back to the Museum of the Great Patriotic War, and facing the exposition of military equipment, turn left, deep into the park. After walking a few tens of meters, we will see another sculptural composition.

In the center of it is a sculpture of Soviet soldiers Yegorov and Kantaria hoisting the banner of Victory over the Reichstag. In the spirit of the walls of the destroyed Reichstag, the pedestal under the sculpture was also made, it is painted with the names of various cities of the Soviet Union: Yerevan, Dushanbe, Tbilisi, Tashkent, etc. On the sides of the pedestal are two bronze bas-reliefs. One depicts a celebration Soviet soldiers Against the background of the same Reichstag:

On the other - the Victory Parade on Red Square in 1945 with the burning of Nazi regalia.

And on the granite slab behind the monument are the words: “We were together in the fight against fascism!”

This sculptural composition appeared in Victory Park in 2010. The impetus for its creation was the notorious events in Georgia a year earlier, when a similar monument was destroyed in the city of Kutaisi.

The monument is intended to symbolize that only thanks to the unity and cohesion of people of different nationalities and concessions, our country won this Great Victory. Its creation is a call to the fact that today the fraternal peoples must live in peace.

From the monument, we can see a construction site surrounded by a fence behind the trees. There is nothing interesting here yet, but this phenomenon is temporary. Here, the construction of the chapel of the Armenian Apostolic Church in honor of the Armenian soldiers who participated in the Great Patriotic War is in full swing.

Let's return to the intersection again and follow the remaining of the four roads, which leads to Kutuzovsky Prospekt (it can already be seen in the distance). After walking along it, we will come to an unusual building with a triangular dome, decorated with a six-pointed Star of David. This is a Jewish memorial synagogue, also installed in memory of the Great Patriotic War.

If we remember all the religious objects that we saw on our way, we can state that almost all the main religions of the peoples participating in the Great Patriotic War are represented in Victory Park: the Orthodox Church of St. George the Victorious, an Islamic mosque, a Catholic chapel and a Jewish synagogue.

At the exit from the park there is a sculpture depicting a Soviet soldier. If you look closely, even from afar you can see that the form on it is much more modern than that one. What was worn during the Great Patriotic War. The monument is dedicated to soldiers - internationalists who died in Afghanistan.

The monument was erected in 2004, and five years later another one appeared next to it: right on the alley of the park, self-propelled unit BMD-1 ( Fighting machine landing).

A commemorative plate on the armor says that in 2009 two anniversaries took place at once: the 20th anniversary of the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan, as well as the 100th anniversary of the birth of V.F. Margelov, a Soviet military leader who is considered the founding father of modern landing troops. Among the paratroopers themselves, there is even a joke that the abbreviation "Airborne Forces" does not mean "Airborne Troops", but "Uncle Vasya's Troops" - in honor of Vasily Margelov.

Leaving the territory of the Victory Park, we will find ourselves on Kutuzovsky Prospekt. However, let's first turn not to the right, towards the metro, but to the left. After walking a couple of tens of meters, we will see another monument located on a small hill. The composition consists of three figures of warriors from different eras: ancient Russian hero, grenadier of the Patriotic War of 1812 and a soldier of the Soviet army.

The monument is called "To the Bogatyrs of the Russian Land" and symbolizes the connection of times and the inevitability of victory in the war, if this war is of a liberating nature.

On this, our walk is almost over, but we were quite far from the metro. If you are not tired and the weather permits, you can go back to the park and just walk along one of the alleys running parallel to Kutuzovsky Prospekt. And you can sit on any any public transport, plying along the avenue and get to the metro station "Park Pobedy", from which we started our walk.

Here it is worth paying attention to the monument, which at the beginning of the journey we saw only from afar - the Triumphal Gate. The arch, located directly above Kutuzovsky Prospekt (cars pass between its columns), was erected in honor of the victory in the Patriotic War of 1812.

The tradition of installing triumphal gates has existed since ancient times. In 1814, such a gate, then still wooden, was installed at the Tverskaya Zastava. It was along the Tverskaya road that Russian troops entered the city, returning from Europe after the victory over Napoleon. In 1834 they were replaced by stone ones.

In 1936, during the execution of the General Plan for the reconstruction of the center of Moscow, the Triumphal Gates were dismantled, its components were placed in the Museum of Architecture, located on the territory of the Donskoy Monastery. According to the plan, upon completion of the reconstruction of Tverskaya Zastava Square, the gate was planned to be returned to its original place. However, for a number of reasons this was not done, and the monument lay in storage for half a century. Only in 1966 it was decided to install it on Kutuzovsky Prospekt, not far from the Battle of Borodino Panorama Museum. So, by 1968, the Triumphal Gate appeared on Kutuzovsky Prospekt.

In 2012, during the anniversary celebrations of the 200th anniversary of the Victory in the Patriotic War of 1812, the gate underwent a major reconstruction, so today it looks great.

This completes our walk.

One of the most curious patches in the Western District of Moscow is Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill. It will give the participants of the excursion organized here the opportunity to see a lot of sights. An unforgettable photo session is guaranteed. The main entrance to Poklonnaya Gora, thanks to its triumph, is already visible from a kilometer away, and Poklonnaya Gora at night is a real work of engineering art. Everything that is there lights up here ... Do you have a vacation in January, and not in July? Not scary. And in winter, Poklonnaya Gora is also the goal of mass tourist pilgrimage (however, both in spring and autumn). Why is this happening? You will learn about the attractiveness of the huge exposition below.

History of Poklonnaya Hill

The place, which in reference books is called “Victory Park on Poklonnaya Gora”, was once a large hill. In the annals of the ancient Russian state, this patch is mentioned as a landmark, to which travelers bowed from afar (which is why the mountain was allegedly called Poklonnaya). In 1812, Napoleon waited here for the keys to the city he surrounded, and 200 years before that, Hetman Zholkievsky, the ambassador of the "Commonwealth" Prince Vladislav, stopped here ... Even in the first half of the last century, it was really a mountain - according to eyewitnesses, the capital was visible from the top in full view! A piece of a particularly hilly landscape was seriously modified in the late 50s of the XX century. The fact is that during the construction of the Victory Park, the hill was simply torn down. Since then, the history of Poklonnaya Gora has continued, having a clear relationship with the biography of the Victory Museum, which we will discuss in the next section.

Museum on Poklonnaya Hill

Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill did not appear immediately. Ideas for its creation were nurtured as early as 1942. After the liberation of the Soviet capital and the entire Moscow region, the Union of Architects of the USSR decided to announce a competition for the best project. In 1955, Marshal Zhukov recalled the creation of a kind of "memory park". I had to listen to him, and in 1958 a square was nevertheless laid out on the mountain. And over the next decade, the Poklonnaya Gora park was created here ( modern look he received only in the late 90s of the last century). Specifically, in 1986, the Victory Museum was located in the very center of the memorial complex considered in the review. It began to be erected 3 years after the release of the relevant Decree of the Soviet government. This institution presents the entire history of Poklonnaya Gora, as well as dozens of dioramas, the most famous of which is the Battle of Berlin. So, let's talk about the institution in more detail.

The exposition consists of the halls: "The Feat and Victory of the Great People" (main), Glory, Memory and Sorrow, Generals, as well as 5 dioramas. These include the "Battle of Stalingrad", "Siege of Leningrad", "Kursk Bulge", "Forcing the Dnieper" and "Storm of Berlin" (the newest local masterpiece). There is also an Art Gallery in the building, exhibiting canvases of the battle genre. The museum management also administers open-air exhibitions - "Motors of War" and "Local Conflicts of the 50-80s of the XX century." The “business card” of the latter is called 38 samples of hand weapons from the times of the Korean, Angolan, Afghan and even Syrian campaigns of the Russian Armed Forces.

Military equipment on Poklonnaya Hill

Joseph Stalin and the subsequent leaders of the Soviet government sought to make the desired place the main symbol of both Patriotic Wars, so the equipment on Poklonnaya Gora is most widely represented, starting with cannons of the 19th century and ending with new tanks. It turned out that on Poklonnaya Hill the equipment different wars(the exposition of its decommissioned samples) already occupies the entire vast southwestern corner of the fenced area of ​​the park. The exhibits here are varied. Judge for yourself, visitors are presented with regimental cannons from the Polish War, as well as anti-tank and field artillery of the WWII era. In this row, and railway installations in 1937. German mortars, howitzers, mortars and anti-aircraft guns represent both the First and Second World Wars. Among the most famous tanks are the famous amphibious T37, T38 and T40, self-propelled artillery mounts of the Nazis and the Su-85 and Su-100 that fought them.

It is curious that the open exposition includes the department of cars and railway cars, military ships and even fortifications! Not without aircraft - 32 models, the oldest of which is already 94 years old, and the youngest is only 31. Part of the equipment is combat trophies.

Equipment on Poklonnaya Hill attracts thousands of boys and adult men. The reason is quite clear. After all, everything here can be touched, twisted, and in some places you can climb, imagining yourself as a tanker, artilleryman and even a military pilot. And women will definitely photograph all this action. We advise you to read the explanatory plates more often.

Monuments on Poklonnaya Hill

The monuments of Poklonnaya Gora can be considered the most notable objects of the named memorial museum. There are 12 of them in total. They are scattered over an area of ​​135 hectares. This space is dissected by alleys, flower beds and sidewalks crossing them.

Monument "Victory"

Monuments of Poklonnaya Gora "Heads" main monument- "Victory". It points to the geographical center of the park, being, moreover, its most visible landmark. At first, there was an ordinary granite sign. It became the first building of the park - a place around which the townspeople planted greenery and made a breakdown of the territory. It appeared at the end of the winter of 1958. The modern monument was erected only on Victory Day 1995. The "bayonet" of the memorial is made of durable steel. Its weight is 1,000 tons. The height of the steel composition is 141.8 meters. The number is not easy: “Victory” is a reminder of the terrible 1418 days of the Second World War. On the stele we will find a bas-relief made of bronze - a 25-ton bronze goddess Nike (“the living embodiment of victory” hovers high - 122 meters above the ground).

15 columns "Years of War"

Bronze columns were placed "at the start" of the square (between the memorial fountains and the Orthodox Church). Each individually dedicated to one of the combat units of the SA during the Second World War. It's about Home Front Workers; Underground workers and partisans; Soviet fleets (Black Sea, Baltic and Northern); Three Ukrainian fronts; Three Belorussian fronts; Baltic and Leningrad. And the peak of each "bayonet" is crowned with a scarlet star with banners. In the lower part of the rostral structures there are bas-reliefs, which the authors dedicated to the indicated divisions. The columns were added over the course of 8 years.

"Soldiers of the First World War"

The composition was installed on the first day of August 2014. As you understand, this is one of important dates beginning of the First World War. The center of the sculptural group - a common person from the Russian hinterland. He repaid his debt to the Fatherland and became a knight of George. His figure is placed on a pedestal marked with this award. On the reverse of the column, we see reminders of iconic battles: at Gumbinnen, at Warsaw, at Przemysl, at Osovets, at Erzerum. The Breakthrough of 1916 under the command of Brusilov is also indicated (the last successful operation for the Russian troops). Behind (slightly aside) there is a composition of several figures at once, 2-sided. Main side: Against the background of the tricolor of Russia, an officer calls his squad into battle, behind a sister of mercy with a bloody soldier. The reverse side: the women escort the men to the war.

"Missing soldiers without graves"

The bronze sculpture shows a warrior wounded in battle. The plot is a reminder of the soldiers of the Great Patriotic War. And those people who were never found after its completion. They were not buried. They don't even have graves. This sculptural work was made by the muralist V. Zloba. In fact, this is a gift from the Russian Federation from the then friendly Ukraine. After all, the figure was installed in 1995. It happened during the events marking the 50th anniversary of the Victory. "Missing" stand at the entrance to Orthodox church making them remember...

George the Victorious

At the very base of the main landmark of the park (“Victory”), the monument to George the Victorious is striking. Of course, he strikes the dragon with a spear. This story has been around for several centuries. Eastern Slavs a symbol of the "strategic preponderance" of good over evil, which is revealed in thousands of military battles that have only noble goals.

"Eternal flame"

In 2009, landscaping work was carried out in the Alexander Garden. It was then that the Fire from the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier was transferred to the current Victory Park. His new "registration" was the memorial "square" at the Museum of Victory. A year later (when the reconstruction in the garden was completed), Muscovites decided to light another one from the Main Eternal Flame.

"The Tragedy of the Nations"

This is one of the "strongest" creations of Zurab Tsereteli (born in 1997). The idea, the method of its implementation and the very meaning of the memorial composition make a powerful impression on the visitors of the park. "Tragedy" literally suppresses them, first conveying the whole gamut of unbearable suffering, and then the whole horror of the Nazi concentration camps. The plot is the image of the prisoners of these very "pens". People look as if nothing is left of them... The endless gray line of people, dramatically scattered objects and graves is frightening... But the "ghosts" did not lose heart! The prisoners are trying to remain human even in the inhuman circumstances that the policy of the Third Reich confronted them with.

"Spirit of the Elbe"

This is a relatively compact granite slab laid behind the Victory Museum in 1995. A separate brick path will lead you here... There is a bas-relief on a horizontal stele. It depicts the epic meeting of the Allied troops on the Elbe (April 1945). Nearby you will read a text talking about the commonwealth of the armed forces of the USSR and the USA. However, the contribution of soldiers is also indicated British Commonwealth, the Fighting France organization and Yugoslav partisans in the battle against the Nazi army and the satellites of the Third Reich.

"To the countries participating in the anti-Hitler coalition"

The anti-Hitler coalition is considered to be a military-political league organized from several states that fought against the so-called "axis": the 3rd Reich, Italy and Japan. The main contribution to the victory over the fascist bloc was made by the actions of the army of the Soviet Union with the support of the United States of America, Great Britain and Fighting France. This coalition played leading role in achieving victory over Italian fascism, German Nazism, Japanese militarism, as well as "pro-Hitler" authoritarian regimes in Central Europe and Spain. The monumental composition is a marble stele crowned with a gilded wreath (this, by the way, is a symbol of the UN, which in our time “looks past many war crimes”). At the base of the stele are 4 figures (soldiers of the USSR, USA, "Fighting France" and Britain).

Memorial to the Spanish Volunteers

The memorial is conceived as a chapel. It is set not far from the composition just described. As required in Spain, the top of the building is decorated with a Western Christian cross. Inside the tourist will find a sign. The inscription on it is made immediately in 2 languages ​​- Russian and Spanish. It reads "To the Spaniards who fell in the Second World War."

"We were together in the fight against fascism"

The volumetric "picture" of the same name was installed here in 2010. The idea for its creation was the infamous event in Georgia (nationalists destroyed a similar monument in the city of Kutaisi). The center of the plot is a composition showing the Red Army soldiers Egorov and Kantaria (they hoisted a red banner over the Reichstag). The pedestal under the figures - the walls of the captured Soviet troops Reichstag, they are written with the names of the cities from which the liberators came. And here we understand that they come from all the republics of the USSR. Together they went through this terrible war.

Monument to the Internationalists

The monument is dedicated to the Afghan soldiers. Installed at the insistence of their veteran organizations, in 2004. The authors showed passers-by a young soldier. He stands on a cliff (like a “symbol of Afghanistan”), carefully peering into the distance (“dushmans” could appear from anywhere ...). The soldier has a helmet in his left hand, and a lowered AK in the other. The war is basically over for him… A 4-meter bronze sculpture stands on a granite pedestal. The bas-relief is made of bronze. It depicts a fight scene. It remains to be added that the construction of the monument was postponed for a long time

Monument to the Defenders of the Russian Land

This sculptural work is located in the farthest (north-western) corner of the memorial complex. It is noticeable at the intersection of Kutuzovsky Prospect and Minsk Street. It is installed on a small hill, and its pedestal is 2 meters high. The grand opening of the commemorative composition took place in 1995. The main idea is to perpetuate 3 recognizable images. It's about about the Russian bogatyr, the guardsman of 1812 and the Soviet fighter of the Second World War. The authors of the project were the sculptor A. Bichukov and the architect Y. Grigoriev. The granite pedestal-rock and equipped warriors are remembered for their careful study of nuances. Red flowers in the form of "Rus" are planted on the mound. The figures are made of bronze.

Temples on Poklonnaya Hill

If you have noticed, the golden-domed one is now a location that contains hundreds of places of worship (associated with the activities of several faiths at once). Poklonnaya Gora Park is one of the points where the Orthodox Church is adjacent to a mosque and a synagogue. And this is symbolic, as it shows that the victory in the Second World War was won by different peoples of the Soviet Union - adherents of several religions, who are obliged to get along in the world. Therefore, when making a list of what to see on Poklonnaya Hill, do not forget about religious complexes. We will talk about their location and features here.

Knowing how to get to Poklonnaya Gora, you will not pass by Orthodox churches. The Christian temple complex dedicated to the warrior George the Victorious (in the shrine there is a part of the relics of this great martyr, donated by the Greek clergy), stands in the same place as the official entrance to Poklonnaya Gora (it is only 150 meters away from the Entrance Square). It begins with a chapel at the Kutuzovskaya Izba, which is also part of St. George's Church. The main building is an excellent mixture of the so-called "Russian" style and high-tech. Bronze bas-reliefs tell about the brightest events in the life of Moscow.

You will find the building for Muslim worship in the southwestern corner of the memorial zone (already behind the military equipment site). The mosque embodies the features of the Tatar, Uzbek and Caucasian architectural schools.

But the Jews find "the house of their god" at the very end of the territory - almost at the exit to Minskaya Street. The synagogue is also the first "museum of the history of the Jews" in Russia. It is called the Temple of the Victims of the Holocaust and architecturally it is a successful example of neo-constructivism.

Events on Poklonnaya Hill

Victory Park on Poklonnaya Gora is a popular venue for all sorts of celebrations and large-scale public events. Of course, the events on Poklonnaya Hill are more connected with the days of military glory, primarily from May 9th. Children and adults bring flowers, watch parades of veterans and military equipment. The local fireworks are especially beautiful in the late evening! Interesting in the morning. Poklonnaya Gora on holidays (May) resounds with blank volleys from machine guns of the guard of honor, slender steps of cadets on the march associated with the Memory Watch at the Eternal Flame. Hurry up and see for yourself. At the same time, it is reliably known that the events on Poklonnaya Gora are New Year's Eve, graduations, City Days, and other very peaceful holidays.

The platform is universal. Mass processions, rallies and concerts, flavored with bright installations - all this is not uncommon here. Youth entertainment on Poklonnaya Gora is a separate phenomenon of the Moscow cultural life. Young visitors will enjoy the attractions, and young people - parties. Musical groups often gather hundreds of their fans on the famous hill. By the way, the central TV channels are constantly broadcasting live from this “height”. That is why Poklonnaya Hill attracts thousands of citizens and visitors at night.

Fountains on Poklonnaya Hill

Answering the question “What to see on Poklonnaya Gora?”, We will have to pay attention to waterworks that can “sing and dance”. This is one of the next miracles that Poklonnaya Gora Park opens up to us. The fountains were installed right behind the Entrance Square - already in the space of the park itself, on the Alley of the World, clinging to Kutuzovsky Prospekt. The groups are named after the years of the war.

What is the highlight of the project? The engineering structure consists of 15 water bowls, each has 15 jets (vertical). Total- a symbol of 225 weeks, which lasted the greatest war in the history of Russia. These jets include the mayor personally!

The evening (darkened) sky will bring special joy to tourists. Indeed, against its background, the water extravaganza is painted in different colors, becoming brighter. A special player with the help of speakers broadcasts concerts of patriotic music, the light filter on the backlight and the water pressure change to the beat of the emerging rhythms. That is, as in every advanced city, the fountains here are “singing” and “dancing”. On a hot evening, lovers of Moscow sights can enjoy both the shower (splashes reach passers-by) and the night disco at the same time.

It remains to add that in front of each group (three fountains) there are memorial stones.

Poklonnaya Gora in winter

As it was said, the corner behind the Park Pobedy metro station is waiting for you not only in the warm months. Poklonnaya Gora during the holidays (especially winter) turns into the most attractive public place the main city of Russia, yielding, probably, only to Red Square.

So, what to see on Poklonnaya Hill in the cold season? First, you will find ice sculptures, and even architectural works (up to bizarre miniature copies of Gothic cathedrals)! Spectators have already watched angels, Snow Maidens, Santa Clauses and costumes northern peoples into which you could poke your face. The fact is that competitions of "ice sculptors" are held annually in this place. Secondly, when the frost hits, the kids will not get enough of the extreme, concerning the descents on sleds, ice rinks, rented "cheesecakes" and just on the "fifth point", because at the southern end of the Entrance Square, the kids are waiting for the Ice Hill. Poklonnaya Gora in winter a great opportunity unusual to meet the arrival of the New Year. And the most famous performance of the orchestras of Santa Clauses (a procession that has long taken on an international scale) takes place right here - on the Alley of the Defenders of Moscow. Children are waiting for bright theatrical performances and fireworks.

What a Poklonnaya Hill! In winter, by the way, guests of Poklonka still have the opportunity to celebrate Christmas beautifully. The clergy of the temples of St. George the Victorious will help with this. Procession, beautiful services at the altar - this is a pilgrimage tour.

How to get to Poklonnaya Gora

Have you already made a list of what you want to see at the object we have described? But still have no idea how to get to Poklonnaya Gora? Here we will briefly describe several useful ways for you to get to this unique complex. First, we note that it is “registered” at the address Brothers Fonchenko Street, 7. Entrance to Victory Park is free.

Are you already in the coverage area of ​​the Moscow metro? Then keep in mind - you need the Park Pobedy station (located on the blue line). Having risen to the surface, move forward - along the avenue. You will quickly notice the entrance to Poklonnaya Gora.

Are you planning to be in the capital by taking the train? The nearest railway station to the memorial park is Kyiv. If you walk along the street of the same name to the crossing (next to the Administration of the Dorogomilovo district), and then move along Poklonnaya Street, you will soon find the most beautiful entrance to Poklonnaya Gora. First, however, you will have to enjoy the picturesqueness of the square of 1812, and then one of the residential courtyards. In addition, there is an entrance to Poklonnaya Gora from the Moscow Sortirovochnaya platform in the Kyiv direction, but remember that not all electric trains have a stop on it.

You can also get to Poklonnaya Gora by buses from the indicated station. Routes No. 205, 840, 91 and No. 474, as well as the T7 trolleybus, follow the Park Pobedy stop. After leaving the salon, walk 180 meters forward - to the Entrance Square (where the Soldier of the First World War stands).

Did you arrive in your car? When you cross the Moscow Ring Road, go to Kutuzovsky Prospekt or Minskaya Street. The first city artery is accessible as a continuation of Minskoe-Mozhayskoye Highway (M-1), the second one is the actual end of Lomonosovsky Prospekt (in the more southern section, Kolomenskoye Highway and then Nakhimovsky Prospekt pass into it). For those who got here from Kutuzovsky Prospekt, parking on Poklonnaya Gora is easy - turn onto the Bypass Road (parking is free and there are usually enough places). It is also possible to park on Poklonnaya Gora at the junction of the Bypass Road with Brothers Fonchenko Street (they drive here from Poklonnaya Street). Getting to this cramped parking spot, where it is easy to get into a long traffic jam, do not forget about the opening hours of most of the local institutions. They let visitors in until 18:00, and on Friday the administration and guides generally work until 16:45. As for the museum, on Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Sunday it is open from 10.00 to 20.30, and on Friday and Saturday - an hour longer always off). However, even if you are late, part of the tour is feasible. Open expositions are open around the clock. Well, at the end of the story, it remains to voice the last way to park on Poklonnaya Gora - drive up to the Entrance Square itself (next to the metro, it opens the main portal of the park). Here you have to pay. Lots of service.

Now you know what Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill is for the residents of Greater Moscow and for the rest of our compatriots. As you understand from the article, it is interesting here in summer and winter. Entertainment on Poklonnaya Hill, as well as serious commemorative rituals, is available all year round. So during your vacation (or vacation) do not be too lazy to pay a visit here. It is best to do this on some kind of celebration. You will be able to appreciate all the action-packed events on Poklonnaya Hill. The shots taken here can be shown to all relatives, free Wi-Fi is available in the museum.

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