Cock for young girls. Contraceptive pills: rating, side effects, instructions, reviews. Groups of contraceptives, their action

12.11.2017 Smirnova Olga (gynecologist, GSMU, 2010)

During the entire menstrual cycle, various changes occur in the body of a woman, including in the nature of the secretion of the genital organs. - in most cases, a normal sign, but pathologies with a change in color, smell and consistency of secretion are not excluded. We will analyze in this article when traces on underwear before menstruation do not cause concern, and when you should contact a gynecologist.

General characteristics of the symptom

Level female hormones constantly fluctuates: during menstruation, the amount of estrogen increases, after critical days it is small, closer to the middle - it increases again. After ovulation, there is a tendency to increase progesterone, and by the end of the cycle, on the eve of menstruation, its content falls, yielding to estrogen. Under the influence of this hormone, the endometrium, the inner mucous layer of the uterus, swells, stimulating adjacent tissues, as a result of which the work of the glands becomes more intense, and more mucous secretion is produced. This explains the appearance of all kinds of discharge before menstruation. Their nature depends on such factors:

1. The age of the woman. A year before menarche, the first menstruation, the girl notices the appearance of different secretions associated with hormonal changes. In the first year after menarche, hormonal slides will be observed, changing the composition and amount of mucus that the woman produces. reproductive system. This is especially noticeable during ovulation and a few days before menstruation.
2. The presence and activity of sexual activity.
3. Lifestyle and food quality.
4. Present acute and chronic diseases.
5. The state of the hormonal background and the immune system.
6. The use of contraceptive drugs and means emergency contraception based on hormones.

Given these factors, it is impossible to give an unambiguous answer, what should be the discharge before menstruation. For each representative of the weaker sex, these criteria are different.

White discharge before critical days

The light color of mucus before menstruation is a sign of both the norm and a certain physiological state of the female body, and pathology. It all depends on its characteristics and associated symptoms.

All women observe natural whites, especially in the second half of the menstrual cycle. They include:

1. A natural secret that must be secreted by the glands of the cervical canal and vagina.
2. Microflora, consisting of lactobacilli and opportunistic microorganisms.
3. Dead epithelial cells, which are attached in high concentrations.

Normally, this secretion should produce about 5 ml per day. After ovulation, due to the increased content of progesterone, its volume may increase. Especially a lot is observed before the regulation when taking hormonal drugs.

Such secretion performs a protective function of the genital tract from the penetration of foreign microorganisms, cleanses the vagina from the waste products of the glands and serves as a natural lubricant during sexual contact.

Vaginosis

If watery discharge appears along with itching and burning, difficulty urinating, swelling and redness of the external genitalia, then this indicates inflammation or infection. Read in one of our articles about the diseases that cause.

Brown and black discharge

Dark and brown secretions mean that they contain blood, which, having coagulated and combined with oxygen, has acquired a similar color. A liquid of this shade is the norm during ovulation and in the first days after the conception has taken place. You shouldn't worry either. Such a sign is considered natural.

Thus, the readiness of the endometrium for renewal is indicated, after the installation of an intrauterine device in the first month, and the reproductive system also reacts in a similar way to the use of hormonal contraceptives.

It is acceptable to have brown and black discharge before menstruation 2 days before the first drops of red blood appear, but not earlier, and provided that they are not abundant, they are not accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen and cramps. Otherwise, you should contact a gynecologist, since the following pathologies can exist in the female reproductive system:

• Endometritis is an inflammation of the inner layer of the uterus.
• Endometriosis is an overgrowth of endometrial tissue.
• An erosive process in the cervix, a sign of which is discharge a week before menstruation. They often appear as .
• Lots of slime Brown produced with endometrial polyps, especially on the eve of the start of a new menstrual cycle, since this endometrium swells, affecting the neoplasm.
• Uterine fibroids - indicated by dark brown discharge or clots after the regulation and before them. In 43% of patients with this diagnosis, characteristic discharge begins 3 to 5 days before menstruation.

Bloody

Bloody discharge occurs for the same reasons as brown. The difference lies in the stronger release of blood, which does not have time to clot.

Of the non-pathological factors, the symptom can provoke drugs based on hormones, conception, about which future mom does not know yet, mechanical damage to the vagina during rough sex, an allergic reaction to medications. The designation is a natural phenomenon in the preparation of the female body for a new menstrual cycle for 65% of the fair half of humanity.

Of the diseases, endometriosis, erosion, polyps and other neoplasms, as well as inflammatory processes, make themselves felt.

yellow

The yellowish tint of sexual secretion is not classified as a pathology, provided that it is not accompanied by discomfort in the intimate area, has a neutral odor and is indicated in a small amount. These secretions appear due to changes in the hormonal background or in connection with the use of hormone-based products.

The mucus may turn yellow due to the use of certain medications, herbal preparations, or be an allergic reaction to synthetic underwear and lubricants or intimate hygiene products. This happens at any moment of the cycle, but before the critical days, due to hormonal surges, the volume of mucus increases due to the increased work of the glands.

During sexual arousal, the amount of sexual female secret grows, and After sex, abundant mucus of a yellowish pale hue is indicated, which indicates the ingestion of male sperm inside, which the vagina must secrete along with female lubricant.

Yellow mucus mixed with blood sometimes suggests erosion of the cervix, and sometimes it is of purulent origin due to advanced inflammation or sexually transmitted diseases.
The symptoms of such ailments tend to worsen before menstruation, and the amount of secretion during this period increases.

Greens

This symptom is an indicator of vaginal biocenosis, the development of an inflammatory process against the background of an infection.

Discharge with an unpleasant odor before menstruation

To understand which discharge is the norm before menstruation, and which is pathology, you should pay attention to their smell and other symptoms. If the mucus smells unpleasant, then it is clear sign inflammatory or infectious process and the growth of pathogenic microorganisms in the microflora.

A few days before menstruation, the glands in the mucous membranes of the genital organs work more actively, so more mucus is secreted, respectively, the symptoms are more pronounced.

Means bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis. A sour milk flavor indicates candidiasis. Onion or garlic, rotten smell indicates chlamydia. Purulent or rotten - about the inflammatory process or tissue decay. The smell of iron will tell you about the presence of blood in a small amount or inflammation.

Smelling mucus is often supplemented with various uncomfortable sensations, in the form of vaginal itching, burning during urination, pulling pains in the lower abdomen. Protracted inflammation gives temperature, general weakness and malaise.
Discharge with an unpleasant odor can occur in the vast majority of cases due to pathological processes.

Prevention

To avoid the appearance of the described symptom, you need to follow simple rules:

1. Observe personal hygiene.
2. Wash regularly (twice a day).
3. Use daily pads, change them every 3-5 hours.
4. Protected in the absence of permanent sexual partner.
5. Visit your gynecologist regularly.
6. Do not self-medicate.

Briefly about the main

A change in the quality and quantity of secretion before menstruation can occur according to different reasons both physiologically and due to various disorders. Normal discharge before menstruation can be clear, white, milky, yellow, green, brown, pink. They are mucilaginous in nature and uniform in texture. They do not have an unpleasant odor and are not accompanied by additional unpleasant symptoms. A deviation from these characteristics indicates a gynecological problem that requires a visit to the doctor.

Nowadays, it is not difficult to find suitable contraceptives for girls, since their range is very large. However, due to such a variety of products, problems can arise. In order to choose the right remedy, you should consult with a gynecologist, because only he knows which one is suitable. You also need to know about all existing types contraception to avoid future troubles.

Principle of action and composition

Exist different types contraceptive pills. Each of them differs in the principle of action and composition. . All of them are divided into two main groups:

• combined (COC);
• gestagenic, which are also known as mini-pills.

Progestogens contain a synthetic hormone called progesterone. During their intake, a change in the uterine mucosa occurs - the endometrium becomes loose. They also affect the viscosity of the cervical fluid, causing the secret to thicken. Because of these changes, conception cannot occur because the sperm cannot reach the egg.

Combination pills contain progesterone and estrogen. They affect the production of hormones that stimulate ovulation. With the help of these tablets, inhibition and suppression of ovulatory processes occurs.

It is very important to choose the right contraceptive for a young girl, since her reproductive system has not yet been fully formed. The best contraceptive for young girls is combination pills. They can also be taken by teenage girls who have an active sex life.

There are also monopreparations that are specifically designed for women who have given birth. You can take them even during lactation, but they are not suitable for the body of a young girl.

COCs can be:

• high-dose;
• low-dose;
• microdosed.

The latter option is great for girls who have regular sex. They are also suitable for those categories of people who first use hormonal contraceptives. These funds do not carry additional burdens on the body, in addition, side effects from their use appear extremely rarely.

If you experience bleeding while taking these drugs, this indicates that they are not suitable for you. In this case, it is recommended to choose low-dose COCs as contraceptives for nulliparous girls. They contain more estrogen, but this will not affect the young body.

As for the high-dose COC, it is forbidden to drink it without a doctor's prescription. They are used to treat hormonal diseases, as well as for contraception during the period when the hormonal background of the body will return to normal.

Benefits and Side Effects

Current contraceptives give a 99% guarantee of protection against unwanted pregnancy, if taken strictly according to the instructions. In addition, they have a good effect on the young body. Additionally, they help:

1. getting rid of PMS symptoms, pain during menstruation and reduce blood loss.
2. Establishing a regular cycle.
3. Improving the condition of nails, skin and hair.
4. Reducing the risk of developing pathologies of the small pelvis, as well as the formation of cysts.

For adolescents, COCs are useful in that they help fight primary dysmenorrhea. Thanks to their use, you can get rid of various skin rashes, normalize the hormonal balance that changes after the onset of sexual activity.

Unfortunately, contraceptives have side effects, so they cannot be attributed to absolutely safe methods of contraception. In most cases, unpleasant consequences appear due to the fact that the tablets were selected independently or the instructions for use were not followed.

Side effects may include:

• bloating;
• the occurrence of headaches;
• nausea and vomiting;
• swelling of the limbs;
• fatigue and irritability;
• various vaginal discharges;
• increased sensitivity of the chest.

Also, some drugs can cause an allergic reaction, so in this case, you should stop taking the pills.

There are times when, due to taking pills, symptoms appear that cannot be ignored, but you must immediately visit a doctor. Delay in applying for medical care should not be if you:

1. There is a severe headache that does not go away.
2. There is a rash and itching.
3. The pressure jumps sharply.
4. There was pain in the limbs.
5. There is an unpleasant feeling of tightness in the chest.
6. There was a cough for unknown reasons.
7. An unexpected disturbance of smell, vision, or hearing has occurred.

With such symptoms, only a specialist will be able to tell you for sure whether this is due to taking the pills. And if this is true, then he will help you choose another type of contraception if the pills still do not suit you.

Due to the fact that in most cases parents try to delay the conversation on the topic of sex with children, such an important event occurs without their knowledge. However, this is wrong. This topic is not just worth talking about, but even necessary.

If a teenage girl is already sexually active, then she needs to find a contraceptive that will help her avoid unwanted pregnancy. Of course, it is recommended to do this with the help of a specialist.

In most cases, oral medications are preferred because they are the easiest to control. . Here is a list of the best birth control pills for young girls:

1. Silest;
2. Marvelon;
3. Femolen;
4. Triziston;
5. Jess.

This is only a small part of the funds that teenagers can take. However, despite the large selection of drugs, they are not suitable for everyone. You can use this method of contraception only if:

1. The girl is no longer a virgin and she has a regular sex life.
2. There are no problems with the cardiovascular system.
3. It's been two years since my first period.
4. The height of the girl is not less than 160 cm.

Other methods of contraception

Ideal contraceptives for girls should perform several functions at the same time. First, protect her from unwanted pregnancies. Secondly, to be harmless and safe, so that in the future the girl could give birth to a high-priced child. Thirdly, to protect against infection with various sexual infections. For these reasons, starting to live a sexual life, every girl needs to think about both her health and the future baby.

Young people use biological contraceptives very often.. These include the calculation of ovulation according to the calendar and coitus interruptus. These methods are popular due to the fact that they do not require additional skills and costs. However, their effectiveness is questionable. You should not use them if you have different sexual partners or pregnancy is unacceptable for you.

Such methods of protection can be practiced by couples who do not plan to have a child at a specific time, but admit such a possibility.

Most experts believe that barrier means are the most suitable contraceptives for girls who have not yet given birth. However, there are some nuances here, which should be analyzed in more detail.

Condoms are the most common and optimal method of contraception. They protect against sexual infections, unwanted pregnancy and are harmless to the health of the girl. However, they must be used correctly, and this requires experience. If you want to try the female condom, then you need to consult with a gynecologist to find out the rules for its introduction.

Please note that you cannot use several condoms at the same time. For example, two male or male + female. After all, any condom good quality provides 98% efficiency. And using multiple condoms can cause both of them to break and therefore not be effective.

Another good remedy, which protects against unwanted conception and does not pose a threat to the female body - these are contraceptive sponges. They are 96% effective. Do not affect sensitivity and do not interfere during intercourse. But you should know that the effectiveness of this tool depends on its proper installation in the vagina. To do this, it is recommended to visit a gynecologist so that he shows how this should be done.

There are spermicidal agents, which include vaginal suppositories, pastes, sprays, tablets and gels. They do not pose any threat to the health of the girl, as they have a temporary local effect. They are best used in combination with condoms for maximum protection. For example, if the condom being used slips or gets damaged, then the spermicide can prevent the chance of an unwanted conception. If you use it as an independent tool, then it protects only by 84%.

Hormonal drugs are also very popular, for example, intrauterine device for girls, patch and COC. They make changes in the hormonal background of the girl.

Common myths

There are many cases where girls who wish to minimize their chances of becoming pregnant do not consider birth control pills. This happens due to the fact that there are many myths around these pills. The most popular among them are the following:

To be happy, you need to be healthy, and it depends only on you. Contraceptives and birth control pills should not be taken lightly, as this can be fraught. Be sure to consult your doctor if you want to try birth control pills. For adolescents and nulliparous girls, they are completely safe, and their effectiveness is very high.

Prevention of unwanted pregnancy is important at any age. However, contraceptive issues are especially relevant for young girls. Abortion causes many problems in the future, especially if the first pregnancy has been terminated. Taking birth control pills for nulliparous young girls - effective method protection from unwanted surprises. Modern oral contraceptives, contrary to existing myths are safe. The main thing is to choose the right contraceptive. The main difficulties are connected with this, which is why young girls prefer less reliable methods of contraception, or even rely on fate.

You can find out about suitable methods of protection at a doctor's consultation.

Birth control pills are different. They differ in composition, principle of action. There are two large groups protective drugs:

• gestagenic (second name - mini-pills);
• combined (COC).

The mini-pill contains one synthetic hormone - progesterone. When taking drugs, the uterine mucosa changes: the endometrium becomes loose. Tablets affect the viscosity of the cervical fluid: the secret thickens. All this leads to the impossibility of conception: it is difficult for sperm to move to the egg, the possibility of implantation is minimized.

Combination tablets contain estrogen and progesterone. These substances are able to influence the production of those hormones that stimulate ovulation. With the help of COCs, you can suppress or slow down ovulatory processes.

What pills are suitable for young girls

The best method of protection against unwanted pregnancy for young girls is combined pills. COCs can be used by teenage girls who are sexually active. Monopreparations, on the contrary, are designed to protect women who have given birth (they can be used even during lactation), because of their principle of action, they are not suitable for a young body.

COCs come in micro, low and high doses. Contraceptive pills with micro-estrogen content - perfect option contraception for young girls who have regular sex. They are perfect for those who use hormonal contraceptives for the first time. Such drugs do not carry additional burdens for the body. When taking microdosed COCs, side effects are rarely observed.

If microdosed preparations are not suitable (this is easy to understand by spotting after the adaptation period), then nulliparous girls can protect themselves with low-dose COCs. In them, the content of estrogen is higher, but this concentration will not affect the young body.

High-dose contraceptives should not be drunk without a doctor's prescription. They are used for the treatment of hormonal diseases, for contraception during the period of normalizing the hormonal background.

Benefits of contraception

Modern contraceptive pills not only effectively protect against unwanted pregnancy (with correct reception up to 99% guarantee), but also have a positive effect on the body of a young girl. Drugs additionally help:

For adolescents, combined drugs will help in the fight against primary dysmenorrhea. With their help, you can get rid of acne, acne. They help to normalize the hormonal balance, which changes after the onset of sexual activity.

Reliable protection plus a positive effect on the body can only be provided by new generation birth control pills. Pharmacists regularly work on their improvement. There are many options for oral contraceptives in pharmacies, but to select really safe ones, you will need to consult a gynecologist.

Side effects

If contraceptive pills had no side effects, they could be called the ideal contraceptive method. However, side effects often occur, especially if the drugs were not selected together with the doctor. When taking COCs, you may experience:

• migraine-like headaches;
• nausea and vomiting;
• swelling caused by fluid retention in the body;
• bloating;
• excessive sensitivity of the breast;
• vaginal discharge;
• feeling irritated and tired.

Some drugs (even with trace amounts of hormones) can provoke allergic reactions. If there are signs of an allergy, the tablets should be stopped.

Sometimes birth control pills provoke the occurrence of such symptoms that require immediate medical attention. When should a visit to the doctor not be postponed? The following manifestations should alert:

Only a doctor can reliably determine if there is a relationship between the alarm signals that the body gives and the use of contraceptives. The gynecologist will tell you whether it is possible to continue drinking drugs for a nulliparous girl, or is it better to switch to another protective method.

Debunking the Myths

Often young girls, thinking about how to minimize the possibility of unwanted pregnancy, do not consider contraceptives as a suitable option for themselves. This is because there are many myths around such drugs. But that's what they are myths to debunk.

If you have any doubts or questions, please contact your gynecologist. He will tell you where is the myth and where is the truth.

How to make the right choice

The pharmacological market offers many combination drugs that nulliparous girls can take to protect against unwanted pregnancies. However, it is difficult to choose the right pills on your own. A gynecologist will help a young girl to understand this issue. The selection of a contraceptive drug is preceded by:

• oncocytology;
• breast examination by a mammologist;
• blood analysis;
• Ultrasound of the pelvic organs.

The examination allows you to identify contraindications for taking oral contraceptives. Based on the test results, the gynecologist selects best option contraception for a young girl. Taking contraceptives is possible provided there are no problems with the heart and liver. The method of contraception is relevant for girls who have a regular sex life. When prescribing tablets to adolescents, it is taken into account important factor: when was the first menstruation. From the first menstruation should be at least two years.

Features of taking COCs

Contraceptive pills are famous for their high efficiency, but you can count on reliable protection only if you follow the rules for taking the drugs. The doctor will tell you in detail about them. Here are a few points to keep in mind:

Protection against unwanted pregnancy comes as soon as hormones from the outside begin to enter the body of a young girl. Combined preparations provide the maximum guarantee after a month of admission. However, the effectiveness is significantly reduced if the rules of admission are violated.

Other protection options for young girls

Some young girls are afraid to take birth control for fear of side effects. A doctor can dispel any doubts, but not everyone is ready to contact a specialist in protection issues. Tablets have high level protection against unwanted conception, but there are other methods of protection that nulliparous girls can use. Letting everything take its course is not worth it, because abortion can lead to a huge number of problems, including infertility.

Condom: pros and cons

The most appropriate method of protection should be discussed in advance.

If a young girl does not have a permanent partner, sexual relations occur chaotically and with unfamiliar men, then you need to carefully choose a method of contraception. It is important to solve two problems:

• guaranteed to prevent unplanned pregnancy;
• provide reliable protection against various genital infections.

At the same time, a condom is called upon to solve two problems. True, there are nuances. This contraceptive method does not completely exclude the possibility of conception. Efficiency is reduced from improper use, the product may break. But the use of the barrier method does not give a chance for infections. This is important when there is no confidence in the partner. You can use the so-called "Dutch method of protection", the essence of which is a double level of protection: pills plus a condom.

Use of spermicides

For the prevention of abortion, you can use spermicidal agents - vaginal tablets, suppositories, creams. They contribute to the thickening of the cervical fluid, form a film through which spermatozoa cannot break through. Spermicides are especially relevant for young girls who have irregular sexual contacts, which makes taking COCs unreasonable. This method is best used in tandem with barrier contraception: this way you can halve the risks of unwanted conception and protect yourself from infections.

Spermicides also have disadvantages. They give way to pills contraceptive action in effectiveness: the chance of getting pregnant remains. The risk of unplanned conception is increased by the misuse of spermicidal agents. When using this method of contraception, allergies may occur.

"Ambulance"

If unprotected intercourse has occurred, then an emergency contraceptive method - postcoital pills - will come to the rescue. The action of drugs is aimed at preventing the onset of pregnancy after sexual contact. However, pills of this type are intended exclusively for force majeure situations: for example, if unprotected sex happened on a day that is considered favorable for conception.

It is impossible to consider postcoital drugs as regular contraception. The constant use of emergency contraception is unacceptable due to the high concentration of hormones in them. Nulliparous young girls can turn to ambulance pills no more than twice a year.

Postcoital drugs have a number of side effects. After taking such a pill, uterine bleeding may occur. Usually it does not appear immediately, but after a couple of days. Emergency contraception can disrupt your menstrual cycle, delay your period, and cause vomiting and dizziness.

Inappropriate Methods

Along with COC effective method protection is considered an intrauterine device. However, use this option not recommended for girls who have not yet known the happiness of motherhood. The ban is due to possible complications after the installation of the spiral. Damage may occur during the procedure. uterine cavity or neck, which is fraught with infertility. When installing a spiral in nulliparous, there is a high probability of expulsion: the body rejects the device, resulting in heavy bleeding.

As a protection, many partners use coitus interruptus. However, this method can hardly be called a protection option, because the chances of conception remain high. Fertilization can occur from spermatozoa that are in the lubricant.

Unreliable methods of protection include the calculation of dangerous days. The chance of conception still remains. The method is invalid if sex life conducted chaotically. Young girls need to choose only reliable and safe ways protection.

In our time, there is nothing to surprise a person with. Perhaps that is why we treat too early puberty of girls as the norm. Meanwhile, the first pregnancy in early age nowadays, it often ends with an artificial interruption (abortion), which often leads to the development of complications and, ultimately, infertility. That is why the choice of contraceptives for girls in adolescence is of paramount importance.

Contraception for teenagers.
Despite the abundance of information in terms of preventing unwanted pregnancies, not many girls really think about it when they have sex. Moreover, not every one of them knows that not all contraceptives protect against sexually transmitted infections, or they take it too lightly (most likely due to age), against the background of which the rate of infection with STDs (including AIDS) is so high today . Hence, contraception for teenage girls should include, first of all, the prevention of abortion and infection with sexually transmitted diseases. Therefore, the most effective method of contraception during this period is hormonal. However, this method is not without drawbacks, one of them is not preventing infection with sexual diseases. Oral contraceptives (birth control pills) are allowed young girls height of at least 160 cm, if they have a regular sexual life, if the first menstruation took place more than two years ago, if there is one sexual partner (permanent), in the absence of obesity at any stage and cardiovascular diseases.

And here World Organization The World Health Organization (WHO) is more inclined to use combined contraceptive pills in adolescents, since their action has minimal effect on the course of natural processes in female body and help stabilize the menstrual cycle. According to the recommendations of the same WHO, girls in young age mini-pills are contraindicated, due to the high likelihood of side effects, in particular spotting.

If the girl had unprotected intercourse (sexual intercourse), then emergency contraception is recommended as an emergency measure. Use of such protections is possible only within 72 hours after an unsecured connection. However, remember that it is impossible to use this method of protection against the onset of unwanted pregnancy all the time, only in special occasions(rape, condom breakage, etc.) because the incidence of serious side effects is very high.

Barrier contraceptives are effectively used to prevent infection with sexually transmitted infections, moreover, when used correctly, these drugs have a high contraceptive effect. To increase the contraceptive effect, condoms can be combined with spermicides (creams, gels, pastes, etc.). But the latter should not be used as contraceptives, since this is not advisable due to their low contraceptive effectiveness.

Based on the foregoing, good protection against the onset of unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases is the use of a combination of oral contraceptives and a condom (female).

Contraceptives for girls 19-35 years old.
During this period, girls can use almost all methods of contraception: barrier (cervical caps, vaginal diaphragms, sponges), chemical or spermicides (creams, jellies, sprays, suppositories, etc.), intrauterine (intrauterine device), biological (temperature, calendar, cervical) and hormonal (pills, patches, injections, implants, rings). The selection of contraceptives should be handled only by a highly qualified gynecologist, taking into account the specific characteristics of the woman and the presence of contraindications.

Hormonal contraceptives for women aged 19 to 35 are the most preferred and highly effective in terms of protection against unplanned pregnancy. In addition, this group of contraceptives serves as an excellent prevention of gynecological diseases, in particular endometriosis, menstrual disorders, and infertility.

Combined oral contraceptives for girls, despite the high contraceptive effectiveness, they have contraindications and serious side effects. In this age period, girls are recommended mini-pills with an active active ingredient - progestogen. These contraceptives affect the cervical mucus, thickening it, and also change the endometrium, against which the penetration of spermatozoa into the uterine cavity is difficult, and, therefore, attachment or implantation of the egg becomes impossible. It should be noted that the correctly selected means of this group have a positive effect on the hormonal background of a woman, which cannot but affect the condition of the skin, hair and nails (the complexion improves, teenage acne disappears, the condition of nails and hair improves). Incorrectly selected contraceptives can affect a woman's health, and in the most negative way.

Intrauterine devices as a means of intrauterine contraception are also recommended by leading experts as an effective protection against pregnancy in the absence of contraindications to other contraceptives. Hormonal coils have a lot of advantages, they are convenient and easy to use and are used for three to five years. However, with this method of protection, the likelihood of infection entering the uterus increases significantly, which is especially risky if there are several non-permanent partners. In addition, you should be aware that spirals can provoke inflammation in the genitals. Also, the spiral can cause inflammation of the genital organs. That is why such contraceptives are contraindicated for women who have not yet given birth.

The female condom and other barrier devices are an effective contraceptive for girls and women that prevents pregnancy and STDs, which is especially important if the fair sex has several sexual partners at the same time, as well as contraindications to other methods of protection, breastfeeding, high risk sexually transmitted infections and irregular sexual activity. The use of a condom requires a mandatory consultation with a gynecologist, skills of use. In addition, it has no side effects when compared with other contraceptive methods. In this case, it is only important to follow the instructions, the level of effectiveness depends on the correct application. When choosing, preference should be given to high quality condoms, preferably in pharmacy chains, where all storage conditions are met. If a condom breaks, emergency contraception is recommended. Barrier methods block the path of spermatozoa to the uterus, but for greater effect, it is better to additionally use chemical contraceptives.

Biological methods of contraception and coitus interruptus (PPA) are not recommended for use because they have low effectiveness. To use them, a woman must know and understand some of the processes occurring in her body, in addition, she must have a clear or stable menstrual cycle. Interrupted sexual intercourse, in addition to its inefficiency (during the act, a small amount of a man’s sperm is still released) can provoke a man to develop erectile dysfunction and others.

And finally, entrust the choice of method and means of protection to specialists, do not rely on the opinion good friends, familiar girlfriends, "familiar" acquaintances, etc. All this is fraught with sad results. Only a specialist will be able to correctly, taking into account your individual characteristics, choose a reliable and highly effective remedy for you.