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Peter the Great had an associate very close to him - the Scot Jacob Bruce, one of the most educated people in Russia, a mysterious and unique personality in all respects. He is a direct descendant of the ancient royal family(two of his ancestors were kings of Scotland) and a Russian count, politician, diplomat and military man, engineer, topographer, naturalist, mathematician, creator of Russian artillery, astronomer, astrologer ... Participating in all Peter's campaigns and performing his most diverse assignments, he found time for self-education, in particular, having mastered seven languages ​​perfectly.

Obsessed with the passion of a collector, Bruce collected something all his life - paintings, ancient coins, rare minerals, herbariums. He did not lag behind Peter in terms of the home cabinet of curiosities. His "cabinet of curious things" was the only one of its kind in Russia, and after the death of the owner, it joined the Kunstkamera of the Academy of Sciences.

And not only collected, but also made and designed himself. The Hermitage has a mirror made by Bruce, through which he "communicated with the world of the dead." Polished metal mirrors of that time had a lifespan of no more than 2 years. And Bruce's mirror retains its properties to this day. The spyglass, made by him personally, was 18 meters long. According to his will, it was transferred to the Hermitage. Now only a stub, one foot long, has survived from it. Other creations of the count, much more intriguing and mysterious, will be discussed a little later.

The breadth of knowledge and interests of Bruce is evidenced by the richest scientific and technical library he collected, which numbered one and a half thousand volumes. Ancient manuscripts of ancient scientists, translations and originals, 233 books on physical and mathematical sciences, 116 on medicine, 71 on geography and geology, more than 90 volumes on military disciplines, as well as poetry and astronomy, works on history, genealogy and heraldry, philosophy and linguistics, biology and arts and crafts, home economics, gardening, cooking, pyrotechnics and ... occult science.

The library of Jacob Bruce was one of the best and most valuable in Russia. He bequeathed his collection to the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. In December 1735, after the death of its owner, the library set off on 30 wagons from the Glinka estate near Moscow to St. Petersburg. In today's money, it is valued at around £3 million.

Jacob Bruce - an outstanding figure

Yakov Vilimovich Bruce was born in 1670. His father William Bruce arrived in Muscovy at the invitation of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich in 1647. By adolescence, Yakov had already mastered three languages, was fond of mathematics, physics and military affairs. At the age of 14, he, along with his older brother Roman, enrolled in the amusing Petrovsky regiment (transformed into the Preobrazhensky and Semenovsky regiments), which determined his enchanting military and diplomatic career: lieutenant - colonel - major general from artillery - head of all Russian artillery - governor general of both capitals - and feldzeugmeister general at the age of 30.

The young Tsar of All Rus' (Peter was 2 years younger than Jacob), who also sought to absorb as much knowledge as possible and trusted foreigners more than his own half-dark people, could not help but notice the outstanding abilities of the Scot. They immediately bonded and became friends. And Peter did not let go of Yakov until his death - neither in military campaigns, nor at diplomatic meetings ... nor in secret searches for truth.

After a few years, half-childish games in the Amusing Regiment turned into serious military battles. Bruce participates in military campaigns and battles, later reforms the Russian army and leads the artillery, directs major military operations, including the famous battle of Poltava in 1709. Peter called the victory a triumph of Russian artillery and awarded Bruce the highest state award - the Order of St. Apostle Andrew the First-Called.

Peace treaty with Sweden, which ended in 1721 northern war, was entrusted to sign J. Bryus and A. Osterman, after which Peter, who highly valued his friend and associate and generously rewarded him for his faithful service and sharp mind, granted Jacob the title of count and 500 peasant households in the Karelian district.

Yakov started a family at the age of 25, having married Margarita von Manteuffel (Marfa Andreevna), the daughter of General Tsoge von Manteuffel, a native of the Baltic states. Tsar Peter himself was the best man at the wedding. Later, Margarita-Marfa was among the five ladies of state of Empress Catherine. She died a few years earlier than her husband, leaving him no offspring.

In 1697, Peter I included Bruce in the "Great Embassy", during which a new anti-Swedish alliance was formed in Russia, Saxony and Denmark. By order of the sovereign, Bruce left for England - "for mathematical science in the English state", as well as to study artillery. He stayed in London for more than a year, finding and recruiting scientists and teachers for work in Russia, buying books and tools, simultaneously mastering the wisdom of astronomy and astrology. In London, Peter and Jacob met Isaac Newton.

In Moscow, at the intersection of the Garden Ring, Sretenka and 1st Meshchanskaya, Sukharev towered or built at the behest of Peter in 1695 and served as a barracks for the soldiers of Colonel Sukharev. The height of the tower competed in popularity with the Kremlin. It existed until 1934, being considered an outstanding monument of Russian architecture.

In this pompous building, Peter decided to open the first secular building in Rus'. educational institution Mathematical and Navigational Sciences (Navigation School), and appointed his enlightened associate to lead it. Here Bruce had his own office-laboratory, and in the upper part of the tower he set up an observatory - the first in Moscow, in which he taught future sailors to observe the stars and planets.

He himself compiled and published a map of the starry sky and wrote a scientific treatise on the law of universal gravitation - "The Theory of Planetary Motion".

Fluency in European languages ​​allowed him to make translations himself. So, he translated the book of Christian Huygens "Kosmoteoros", which expounded the Copernican system and Newton's theory of gravitation, calling it "The Book of the World View". This work became a textbook for Russian schools and institutes for a long time.

Bruce also created an astrological and geological-ethnographic map of Moscow, marking on it bad and favorable places. The radial-ring structure of Moscow, divided into 12 sectors, according to the signs of the Zodiac, was proposed to Peter during the large-scale reconstruction of the capital and formed the basis for the subsequent planning. Maps of Russian lands, from Moscow to Asia Minor, he compiled during a campaign against Azov, in 1696.

In 1706, under the editorship of Bruce, the first civil calendar in Rus' with astrological forecasts was published.

It enjoyed great popularity, was repeatedly reprinted and supplemented until the middle of the 19th century. Among the people, these calendars were called nothing more than "brusov" or "bruce". But researchers of the legacy of the Petrovsky magician claim that Bruce had only an indirect relationship with him, acting as an editor-censor ...

Mystery under Peter the Great

All of the above depicts a serious, solid and business-like person and is least of all suitable for the second part of the story, in which Jacob Bruce will appear in a completely different capacity, thanks to which such nicknames (or definitions) as a sorcerer, warlock, black magician have stuck to him forever and ever. , Russian Nostradamus. The emperor himself - in his free time from feasts and the modernization of Russia - was not averse to having fun with spiritualism and magic. And the glorious scientist-warrior kept him company. Only for Yakov it was not entertainment, but life itself.

The attraction to occult knowledge was, in the literal sense, in his blood. His ancestor, Edward Bruce, king of Ireland (brother of Robert the First Bruce, king-liberator of Celtic Scotland), at the beginning of the 14th century was the most influential master of the Knights Templar, the Scottish master of St. Andrew. It was rumored that Jacob Bruce also secretly belonged to the Freemasons, who allegedly are the heirs of the Templars. Although the Knights Templar was abolished and dissolved by Pope Clement V in 1312, Freemasonry as a movement arose in the 18th century.

Muscovites who lived near the Sukharev Tower began to notice that at night a light flickered mysteriously in its upper part. And then rumors spread around the city that some secret “Neptunian Society” was gathering in the Sukharev Tower, whose members were the tsar’s close friend Franz Lefort, Yakov Bruce, Alexander Menshikov, several other nobles and Peter the Great himself. Those were, as they say, meetings of the Masonic Lodge. And after the death of Lefort, the Neptune Society was allegedly headed by Bruce.

There is a version that during his stay in London, Bruce introduced the sovereign to Freemasonry.

One way or another, it is not known for certain, but in the collection of articles and materials “Masonry in its past and present”, edited by the prominent historian S. Melgunov (and N. Sidorov), published in 1914, it is written: “Among the Russian Masons there was the legend that the first Masonic lodge in Russia was founded by Peter the Great immediately upon his return from his first trip abroad: Christopher Wren himself, the famous founder of New England Freemasonry (and no less famous architect and a mathematician, - ed.), allegedly initiated him into the sacraments of the Order ... This tradition, devoid of any documentary basis, finds itself only indirect confirmation in the high respect that the name of Peter enjoyed among the Russian brothers of the 18th century.

Glinka's estate

In 1725 Bruce had to last time serve his sovereign friend - as the main steward at his funeral ("Supreme Chief Marshal of the Sad Commission"). After the death of the Russian autocrat, a struggle for power began.

Historians testify that the mighty Peter the Great died of pneumonia, but they do not exclude the possibility that he was poisoned. Catherine I ruled for only two years (1725-1727) and died at the age of 43. She was replaced by the grandson of Peter, 11-year-old Peter II, who died at the age of 14 (1727-1730). Then there was Anna Ioanovna, who held the throne for 10 years (1730-1740). Immediately after the death of Peter the Great, all those close to Bruce were mysteriously ordered to live long.

The first successor, the widow-empress Catherine I, still favored Bruce and even awarded him the Order of Alexander Nevsky. But the Russian Nostradamus, apparently, decided not to tempt fate and in 1726, a year after the death of Peter, he retired with the rank of field marshal, and a year later bought the Glinka estate and several villages from Prince Dolgorukov, 42 miles east of Moscow , where he retires until the end of his days.

The estate was located on a peninsula, between the rivers Klyazma and its tributary Vorya, surrounded by forests and swamps. And under it, allegedly, there were dungeons and passages, several kilometers long ...

This version is supported by the traces of ancient settlements and burial mounds found in the vicinity. Already in our days, psychics and dowsers tried to study the estate of the count-sorcerer. And they all agreed that the passages in the bowels of the estate really exist, and they contain a large number of objects of unknown purpose - metal, wood, glass. And also - that the estate stands on the "energy node" of the planet.

Bruce built his new estate himself, turning it into a "scientific and mystical institute of one person", where everything was subordinated to his research, observations and experiments. On the roof of the main house-palace, he built himself an observatory, similar to the one he had in the Sukharev tower. And in the dungeons he set up laboratories, doing physics, chemistry, optics, and most importantly, witchcraft and alchemy.

Several entrances to the underground labyrinths, located directly under the house, were walled up for half a century ago, and have never been explored since Bruce's death. This was told by Moscow documentarians, the authors of the TV program "Searchers". A couple of years ago, they made an attempt to unravel the secrets of Yakov Bruce, visiting all of his places, including the Glinka estate (which now houses the Monino sanatorium), and made a film called "The Sorcerer of Peter the Great."

Bruce was dubbed the sorcerer not only by popular rumor, but also by history itself. True, it was based on the collection of rumors and legends that circulated about him. These stories would fit perfectly for a Hollywood horror movie. But there is no smoke without fire. Only now, three centuries later, we certainly cannot separate the wheat from the chaff. What remains is a dispassionate retelling of the mysterious deeds of a high-ranking magician. Here are some of them.

He assembled a “mechanical bird” with a human head (“Bruce the dragon”) from iron plates and, by decree of the sovereign, had the right to fly on it only over Moscow at night - so as not to frighten people. What the Feldzeugmeister General did, starting from the window of the Sukharev Tower, surprisingly awake ...

There is a version that the first Russian airplanes of the early twentieth century were designed according to his drawings.

The collector of legends Pavel Bogatyrev retold in the 19th century - in the essays "Moscow Antiquities", the testimonies of Bruce's contemporaries about his mechanical maid, marvelous beauty and indistinguishable from a living girl. She de "could speak and walk, but had no soul." The iron doll served the count in the Sukharev tower. After retiring, he took her to his estate near Moscow.

The serfs, seeing the doll, at first fled in a panic, but then they got used to it and among themselves began to call her “Yashka’s woman”. "Baba" could do all the housework, serve coffee to guests and even talk. Whether this is true or fiction is unknown. And only among the papers of Bruce were found drawings of a mechanical robot. (The image of the doll-maid is also present in the film "The Sorcerer of Peter the Great".)

And Bruce could, to the surprise of his guests, “with a wave magic wand» turn a backyard pond in the middle of a hot summer into a skating rink. Believing this, our contemporaries, in all seriousness, began to study the strangely rectangular pond in Glinka, trying to find a clue at its bottom. Bruce is also credited with the possession of hypnosis - the ability to cause visual hallucinations in others. (Isn't that the way his guests "beheld" a summer pond covered with ice?)

“Yes, little else did this Bruce know: he knew all sorts of secret herbs, and wonderful stones, he made various compositions of them, he even produced living water ...” - the peasants whom he treated as a healer said about him.

Pro living water they casually mentioned. The mysterious magician found the secret of the elixir eternal youth, having tried it first on others, and then on yourself. The method was not only risky, but also barbaric - old people or "freshly dead" dead were required for experiments. To rejuvenate someone who was still alive, he had to be killed first and then revived.

The purpose of Bruce's experiments, as you might guess, is his own immortality. But it was on it that the magician-alchemist stumbled ... We have already agreed that I am only retelling legends and rumors. And in this part they become quite creepy and implausible.

Bruce - after death

Jacob Bruce died strangely, incomprehensibly and unexpectedly in 1735. And he died during his final experience in Glinka. The count ordered the Turkish servant to cut his body into four parts with a sword, bury it in the garden, and pour the remains with the elixir of eternal youth for three days and three nights. And on the fourth day, dig it out. The body must grow together, resurrect and rejuvenate. But the servant messed up something, hurried or didn’t finish it, because the royal messengers arrived at the wrong time - the wounds had already begun to heal, but there was no recovery, and the sorcerer of Peter the Great died before he was 66 years old. He was buried in the German Quarter.

And of course, this story could not help but acquire "afterlife romance." After Bruce's death, every night Muscovites saw a light on top of the Sukharev Tower, in the observatory. It is the spirit of the sorcerer who guards his Black Book, whispered the superstitious. 200 years later, when the tower was demolished, the spirit moved to the old estate in Glinka. Around the same years, his crypt was found and the remains were handed over to the anthropologist and sculptor Mikhail Gerasimov for the reconstruction of the appearance of Peter's associate. But the remains mysteriously disappeared. Only what he was wearing survived.

And now about the Black Book, which excited the imagination of several generations, including the powers that be. According to enduring legend, Bruce had some sort of special magical book. Which one, no one really knows. According to one version, it was a very ancient book that belonged to King Solomon himself. “She revealed to him all the secrets,” wrote Pavel Bogatyrev, “and through this book he could find out what was in any place in the earth, he could tell who had what where hidden ... You can’t get this book: it’s not given to anyone and is in a mysterious room where no one dares to enter. Not wanting her to fall into the wrong hands after his death, the sorcerer allegedly walled her up in the wall of the Sukharev Tower.

In the collection "100 Great Mysteries of History" you can read that Catherine I believed in the existence of the book, and after the death of the sorcerer she tried to find it, ordering to search the observatory and its entire scientific archive, transferred to the Academy of Sciences. But she didn't find anything.

So that no one else could use the priceless book, the empress placed a guard at the tower, which allegedly no one dared to remove until the October Revolution. And even the Bolsheviks did not immediately abolish it. Only in 1924, the post at the Sukharev Tower was disbanded, and a museum of public services was opened in the Bruce Observatory.

Knew about the existence of the mysterious book and Stalin, who showed particular interest in the legacy of the sorcerer Peter the Great. The fact that the leader of the country of the Soviets took the astrological map of Moscow proposed by Bruce as the basis for the layout of the Moscow metro, with 12 stations on the Circle Line - in accordance with the signs of the zodiac, I already mentioned in the last issue of Chaika.

In 1934, Stalin ordered the demolition of the Sukharev Tower. But in no case do not blow it up, as was done with all the buildings and temples that interfered with the leader, but take it apart brick by brick, under strict control, and deliver all the finds to him personally.

The “searchers” mentioned above took as a basis in their film a different version of the “Black Book”, that is, about a notebook that belonged personally to the count.

Bruce had a laboratory in which a scientist sorcerer conducted mysterious experiments, - the presenter Valery Ivanov-Tagansky explains his version. - Valuable discoveries and observations, obtained secret knowledge, he wrote down in the "Black Notebook". These manuscripts were hunted during his lifetime. One can only guess what secrets the alchemist's book kept. The discovery of these records could be a real sensation.

Alas, the sensation does not work, because the book "is not given to anyone" ...

What is true here, and what is colorful fiction from the field of science fiction, no one knows - Jacob Bruce took his secrets with him.

The famous associate of Peter I, Count Yakov Villimovich Bruce is one of the most mysterious personalities in Russian history. An outstanding scientist, military and statesman, reformer and organizer, he made a significant contribution to the formation of Russia. However, the count is famous not only for these undoubtedly great merits, but also for his occult and mystical activities. The figure of Count Jacob Bruce was shrouded in an aura of mystery even during his lifetime.

The name of this man is associated with many secrets and legends. As soon as he was not called: an alchemist, a sorcerer, a sorcerer, a magician and a warlock. There were rumors that he created the elixir of eternal youth, invented the eternal clock and even designed a mechanical bird, on which he flew at night over Moscow. It was rumored that Bruce knew the future and the fate of all people, owned the secret of hypnosis (“averted his eyes”) and comprehended almost all the secrets of the universe.

Bruce drew his extensive knowledge from ancient books and manuscripts, among which were both ancient Russian manuscripts and the works of Western European mystics on astrology, alchemy, black and white magic.

Yakov Villimovich Bruce was born in Moscow on April 19, 1669. The surname Bruce comes from ancient family Scottish kings. The most famous in his family was King Robert I the Bruce, the liberator of Scotland, who ruled at the beginning of the 14th century. Robert I's brother, Edward the Bruce, was King of Ireland and one of the most influential Masters of the Knights Templar.

The surname Bryusov took root in Russia after Jacob's father, William Bruce, came to Russia in 1649 at the invitation of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich and entered his service. He participated in two wars, was wounded and for his valor he was granted estates, and in 1658 he was promoted to the rank of colonel.

His youngest son, Jacob Bruce, received a good education at home for those times and already in childhood showed a penchant for mathematics and the natural sciences. When Yakov was eleven years old, his father dies, and two years later, Yakov, along with his older brother Robert, decides to follow in his father's footsteps and chooses a military career. Thus, before reaching the age of fifteen, the brothers are recorded as privates in the royal "amusing regiments" invented by young Peter. Apparently it was then that he met the young sovereign.

In the future, Bruce will participate in most of the military campaigns of Peter I (including the Crimean (1687, 1689) and Azov (1695, 1696) companies of Peter I), reform the Russian army and all artillery, by the age of thirty-five he will become a marshal and for successful command Russian artillery in the Battle of Poltava in 1709 - a victory that Peter I would call a triumph of Russian artillery - will be awarded the highest award of the Russian Empire - the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called, and Peter himself was only the seventh cavalier of this order. His brother, Robert Bruce, will also make a brilliant military career and become the chief commandant of St. Petersburg with the rank of lieutenant general.

Peter I highly appreciated and favored Jacob Bruce, brought him closer to the secrets of the Russian state and generously granted him lands, money and titles. And indeed: the list of titles and authorities granted to Bruce by the sovereign is impressive - count, senator, president of two colleges, governor-general of both capitals, field marshal - almost forty years until the death of Peter the Great, Bruce was one of the closest and most confidants of the sovereign. Peter I, who usually severely punished his subjects for wasting public money, nevertheless, for some reason, forgave Bruce a lot, even free treatment of the sovereign's treasury. Of course, all this can be explained by the fact that Peter needed a scientist and an outstanding person, who undoubtedly was Jacob Bruce, but some researchers believe that this was not the only thing.

But why exactly was Bruce entrusted with such an important and delicate task? The answer lies in the history of the Bryus family, which stood at the origins of the birth of European Freemasonry. Indeed, at one time it was the royal house of the Bruces that provided the salvation and protection of the Templars, who fled after the defeat and prohibition of their order to Spain and Scotland. The royal family of the Bruces provided all kinds of patronage to both the Templar movement and the freemasonry that grew out of it. Therefore, Jacob Bruce had a certain influence and was highly respected by the Masons and, being a Freemason himself, had some connections among the high-ranking persons of this closed organization, and therefore it was not difficult for him to organize everything necessary for the arrival of Peter in London.

It was then that Bruce makes new acquaintances with influential members of the Masonic lodge, including such prominent scientists as Sir Isaac Newton and Sir Christopher Wren. In the future, Bruce will conduct active correspondence with them. Soon, after everything was arranged for the initiation of the sovereign into the members of the "Great Lodge", at the personal invitation of the English King William III, Peter I visited England in early 1698 and in the city of London was admitted to the Masonic Lodge by the famous high-ranking Freemason Sir Christopher Wren.

Shortly after this event, in the same 1698, Peter, having received news of a riot in Moscow, hurries to his homeland. Together with him, Bruce returns to Russia. In fact, Freemasonry was brought to Russia, after these expeditions of Peter I to England, in which he was accompanied by Bruce. It is believed that the founders of Freemasonry in Russia are Peter I and his associates - Patrick Gordon, Franz Lefort and, as we already know, Jacob Bruce.

Immediately after the arrival of the Great Embassy of 1697-1698 in Russia, Bruce proposed to the tsar, inspired after visiting Europe, to design and build the first secular educational institution in Moscow, the school of mathematical and navigational sciences. Among other things, this building was to serve as the headquarters of the first Masonic lodge in Russia, established by Peter shortly after his return from England, the so-called "Neptune Society".

A great many legends go about this mysterious structure - its walls were simply saturated with mysticism. In 1700-1701, a school of mathematical and navigational sciences was established here, headed by Peter I appointed Jacob Bruce. In the tower, Bruce equipped his alchemical laboratory and observatory, in which in 1709 he was the first in Russia to observe a solar eclipse. In the laboratory, among the many alchemical devices and flasks, Bruce spent his many experiments and most of the time, often working at night. Soon, the most fantastic gossip and rumors spread among teachers and students regarding the mysterious figure of their leader and his mysterious experiments. “Night is in the yard, but the light still does not go out in the count’s office, - again Bruce conjures, he got in touch with wickedness,” they whispered. At that time, rumors quickly spread throughout Moscow, and soon the fame of a sorcerer and warlock was firmly established behind the count.

The common people especially shied away from the Sukharev tower. They said that at night terrible inhuman groans were heard from the Count's laboratory, and at midnight Bruce released his mechanical monsters from the observatory - iron birds with human heads, which flew over Moscow and terrified late passers-by. And sometimes the count himself, turning into a raven, flew over the sleeping city. It was rumored that he created these monsters using black magic, and locked himself in his laboratory at night, conducted terrible experiments on people - connecting them with mechanisms and using his alchemical knowledge, he tried to get a homunculus.

Of course, all these are mostly urban legends and scary stories, here is what Leo Tolstoy wrote about this: “All the miraculousness of Bruce consisted in versatile encyclopedic knowledge, which frightened the common people, who were unaware of how an ordinary person could know so much wisdom! »

But, as you know, any legend, as a rule, contains at least some grain of truth. In Bruce's case, that truth was that he was indeed an alchemist and practiced white and black magic. Documentary evidence remained to prove this, surviving manuscripts and books from Bruce's library, among which were books on witchcraft, black and white magic, as well as various alchemical devices and devices from the Earl's laboratory. As for mechanical monsters, there is some truth here, the fact is that Bruce, being a brilliant mechanic, created very unusual for those times aircrafts similar to airplanes. This is evidenced by the surviving drawings found in the Sukharev Tower.

He also had other amazing mechanisms. Being an outstanding alchemist and mechanic, among other things, he actually tried to create a homunculus and, apparently, succeeded in this. Here is how this “artificial man” was described by eyewitnesses who visited Bruce:

...At dinner, the assembled guests were served by a young beautiful girl.
“What a wonderful maid,” one of the guests remarked, “but why is she silent all the time, is she really mute?
- Not at all. Bruce replied. “It’s just that it’s not born, I created it myself.”

At the same time, all the movements of the girl were graceful and soft, it would be difficult for an outside observer to suspect that in front of him was not a living person, but a mechanical one. But as soon as the count removed the hairpin from her hair, the maid immediately froze motionless.

In addition, like any other self-respecting alchemist, Bruce was busy searching for the elixir of eternal youth and longevity, as well as obtaining the Philosopher's Stone, some kind of solid or liquid substance capable of turning simple metals into noble ones, such as gold and silver. One of the legends about the count says that he managed to get the elixir of immortality - "living water", which worked real miracles. According to this legend, Bruce, experimenting with living and dead water, once ordered his Turkish servant to cut himself into four parts with a sword, bury him in the garden and then water this place for three days and three nights from a bottle that he would give, and dig it out on the fourth day. The servant obeyed and carried out the order of the count. But on the third day, the king urgently needed Bruce. They searched for him, but could not find him anywhere. Then the king summoned his servant to him, and he, falling on his knees, confessed everything. We went to the garden, dug a hole, and there a real miracle awaited the audience - the count was not only alive, but absolutely not harmed, - the body of the sorcerer grew together, - he lay and slept peacefully.

In his observatory, located at the very top of the Sukharev Tower, in addition to purely scientific observations, the count compiled astrological horoscopes, predicted fate and future events from the stars. He was called the royal “astrologer” and they said that Bruce: “he was engaged in magic, and he knew everything: he knew how to predict the fate of a person about the month, the sun, and the stars. He will point a telescope at the sky, look, then unfold his books and say what will happen to you. And as he says, so it will come out - point to point ... "

Perhaps the greatest fame for Bruce the astrologer was brought by his famous Bruce Calendar. Generally speaking, it was more than just a calendar, rather a real encyclopedia. It seemed that it was written for absolutely all occasions, indicating various events, signs, predictions and advice for many years to come. The divinatory nature of this astrological calendar predetermined its tremendous popularity and strengthened the rumors about Bruce as a soothsayer.

The first pages of the calendar came out three years later, after Peter I handed over to Bruce the Moscow civil printing house in 1706. This "eternal" calendar contained predictions for every day for 112 years ahead! Therefore, it is not surprising that the Bryusov Calendar became the most popular in Russia and remained so for more than two centuries - it was known even in Soviet times. According to contemporaries, it contained surprisingly accurate predictions, and although initially these predictions covered time frames only up to 1821, in subsequent reprints they were supplemented up to the 20th century. Even in our time, some healers use this calendar to calculate destinies.

Long before the death of Tsar Peter the Great, Bruce, having compiled his astrological horoscope, warned the tsar against water, but how could such a wayward person like Peter I listen to anyone? Years later, Peter climbed into ice water, rescuing a stranded boat with soldiers, shortly after this incident, he fell ill with pneumonia and died. However, Bruce himself did not believe that banal pneumonia was to blame, which so quickly carried away the physically strong king, because in his horoscope there was no mention of such a quick and unexpected death, only a serious illness that could undermine the sovereign's health, but should was to end in his recovery. The count believed that they intervened in the fate of Peter and helped him die, simply put, they poisoned him. The count also predicted his own death.

Already, after the Sukharev Tower was demolished, they remembered how Bruce predicted that after his death it would be destroyed. He predicted with great accuracy the date of the fire in his Glinka estate, which by that time belonged to the Musin-Pushkins, predicted the assassination of Emperor Paul I and the victory over Napoleon. Muscovites recalled that the day before Napoleon's army entered Moscow, a hawk was entangled in the paws of the copper double-headed eagle that crowned the Sukharev Tower, and it died in front of the assembled people. Then people remembered Bruce's predictions, and the hawk that died from the double-headed eagle was considered a sign, which for many Muscovites then became a symbol of victory over Napoleon.

Bruce also had a magic mirror through which he allegedly communicated with the dead and could see the future. A similar mirror (or maybe the same one?), made by the count, is stored in the Hermitage, although no one has been able to communicate with the dead through it or see the future, as Bruce did, and hardly anyone has tried. And yet, even as a museum piece, the mirror with the mark of Jacob Bruce surprises. The fact is that in those days all mirrors were made of metal, which was polished to a shine and, as a rule, it was possible to use them for no more than two or three years, and Bruce's mirror is as if bewitched, for more than two hundred years it has retained its original appearance. and is still usable.

There is also a fragment of the once huge 18-meter telescope of Jacob Bruce, through which he, being an astronomer and astrologer, observed celestial bodies and stars. It is difficult to imagine how long it took to prepare such a large astronomical instrument for work, however, apparently, Bruce, being a brilliant mechanic and inventor, easily coped with this task.

They say that before his death, Bruce walled up the Black Book, somewhere in the Sukharev Tower, in a secret room on which he placed a special spell, a “magic lock”, so that the book and the secret knowledge contained there would not fall into the hands of strangers. Perhaps this legend was given rise to by a cast-iron board on which the names of the members and the rules of the mysterious "Neptune Society" were listed and which was allegedly walled up in east wall hall.

After all, it was in the Sukharev Tower that the “Neptune Society”, the secret royal council and the first Russian Masonic lodge, gathered at night, whose members were fond of magic, sorcery and astrology, and which, in addition to Peter I, included his confidants, the first persons of the state. Among them were Menshikov, Sheremetiev, Golitsyn, Lefort, Apraksin and, of course, Bruce. It was he, Jacob Bruce, who, according to legend, headed the "Neptunian Society" immediately after the death of Lefort in 1699. The people whispered that the king, having surrounded himself with foreigners, was now doing “blameful” and “impious” deeds with them in the tower, communicating with Satan and practicing witchcraft. Nevertheless, it was believed that the Sukharev Tower protected the Masons, and as if to confirm this, almost a century after the events described, in the walls of the Sukharev Tower, at the court, which then sat there, Novikov was acquitted, accused by Catherine II of organizing against her Masonic conspiracy.

However, what could the “Black Book” actually be and was it at all? Of course, until she is found, it is difficult to say whether she possessed the magical properties that legends attribute to her, this is not known for certain. Yet it is almost certain that the book existed. After all, the astrologer and alchemist should have had a notebook in which he wrote down the results of his experiments, alchemical recipes and formulas. Perhaps the "Black Book" was such a "notebook" of the sorcerer Jacob Bruce, and perhaps, in addition to the research of Bruce himself, it contains other more ancient knowledge of his predecessors? Well, it is quite possible, since it is known that witchcraft books were often passed down in the family of sorcerers from generation to generation, or from teacher to student. It is difficult to say what sacred knowledge could be contained in this book, if it is really as ancient as the legends ascribe to it. However, its pages probably contain descriptions of the count's experimental attempts to obtain a philosopher's stone, a homunculus, an elixir of longevity, and much more ... Who knows, perhaps the count managed to reveal the secret of life and death, then all this should be written on the pages of his Black Book.

But if so, where could Jacob Bruce hide his witchcraft book? Her search began immediately after the death of Bruce, and now they are looking for her, alas, so far without success. One of these places may be in St. Petersburg, the city where Yakov Bruce lived for about ten years. The count's testament has been preserved, in which he asked to give his huge scientific and esoteric archive, the largest private library of that time, to the library of the Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences, but something also fell into the Hermitage. Most of Bruce's library - translations and originals of ancient scientists, astronomers, alchemists and poets, old manuscripts - has been preserved. But, unfortunately, among the many hundreds of volumes from the surviving library of Bruce, the "Black Book" was never found.

Already in 1763, Empress Catherine II herself became interested in the library of Jacob Bruce and his "Black Book", she wished to order some of the count's manuscripts. However, at her request, the academic librarian Taubert replied that: "... he did not find a bundle with books and papers ...", and some records were completely destroyed, according to the vague excuses of the then librarians, "as if they were not suitable." Catherine did not believe Taubert and in the margins with his explanations, ironically wrote: “Who stole it?”. Who stole it is unknown to this day, but it is possible that the Black Book was among the missing manuscripts. It was never found in the library of the Academy of Sciences, but it should have been a notebook of a researcher, alchemist and magician. Bruce had to keep records of his valuable discoveries and observations, obtained recipes and secret knowledge somewhere. After all, he had books on witchcraft, black and white magic, and magical items such as magic mirror, through which the count communicated with long-dead people and could see the future, or Solomon's seal, a pair of crossed triangles in which not pure spirits were enclosed. Of course, one can doubt the existence of all these items, but not the Black Book.

However, there are several other places where Bruce could hide his magic book.

Firstly, as we already know, this is the Sukharev Tower itself, within the walls of which, they say, the warlock bricked up his book. It is a pity, because if this is so, then, most likely, the "Black Book" is lost forever. The fact is that, as Bruce predicted, the Sukharev Tower was destroyed. This event took place in 1934, when, by decision of the Soviet government, it was decided to demolish the tower, since it allegedly interfered with traffic. The initiators of the demolition were Stalin and Voroshilov. Despite the protests of many architects, demolition began immediately and with unusual haste. The obvious artificiality of the reason for the demolition of this rare monument of the architecture of the Petrine era, and the way the demolition itself took place, caused a lot of gossip. The fact is that the Sukharev Tower was not blown up, as happened in those days with many other buildings and temples that were demolished, but they were dismantled, literally brick by brick ... The conclusion suggested itself, - they were obviously looking for something, - something very important. And found. But, alas, among the various manuscripts, books, manuscripts, esoteric works that belonged to Bruce, as well as devices and mechanisms, alchemical utensils and drawings, there was no the most important thing - the Black Book.

In general, scientists paid close attention to the Sukharev Tower nine years before its demolition. It was then that the young Soviet authorities began to look for something in the Sukharev Tower and its dungeons. In December 1925, members of the Old Moscow commission: archaeologist I. Ya. Streletsky, who devoted his whole life to searching for the library of Ivan the Terrible, local historian O. I. Penchko and architect N. D. Vinogradov surveyed the dungeons of the Sukharev Tower and found five immured underground passages, which allegedly led to Bruce's house on 1st Meshchanskaya Street. However, the research was interrupted.

This changed things, because if the "Black Book" was walled up in the wall of the Sukharev Tower, then it probably died along with the building, but if Bruce hid it somewhere in the dungeons under Sukharev Square, then it and other lost manuscripts could survive. All these conclusions gave hope to scientists and black archaeologists, who in the 90s of the last century again made an attempt to find both Bruce's library and the legendary library of Ivan the Terrible. According to legend, one of these underground passages was dug during the reign of Ivan the Terrible and connected the Kremlin with the Sretensky Gate, that is, with the very place where the Sukharev Tower was later erected. But the search turned out to be fruitless, none of the libraries was found.

The search for the lost "magic" books and objects of Bruce, and in particular his "Black Book", continues to this day. Modern researchers identify other places where these items can be hidden.

The house in which Yakov Bruce lived was located on Meshchanskaya Street - today it is Prospekt Mira. This is the same house that was located near the Sukharev Tower and was connected to it by an underground passage. However, the house itself was rebuilt many times and there is practically nothing left of the old place where Bruce lived today. There was also another Bruce's own house in Moscow, where the Black Book, popularly known as the house on Razgulay, could be hidden. Although in fact the house is listed on Spartakovskaya Street (the old name is Elokhovskaya) and in all Moscow reference books the address of the house was Elokhovskaya-2. But even then and today, Muscovites stubbornly continue to call it home on Razgulay. And although Bruce did live in this very place, the house that is on Razgulyai today was built after his death. However, many secrets and legends are connected both with this place and with Bruce's house on Razgulay.

One of the Moscow legends says that just before the death of Peter the Great, Bruce, at his command, invented a magical perpetual clock that supposedly showed when to start wars promising victory and glory, and where to look for riches and treasures. He started them, and threw the key into the river. And since then the hours have been going on without stopping, for a long time they went. Peter the Great, for whom they were made, was no longer there, their inventor himself passed away, but they did not stop. But those first hours were gone and no one knows where to look for them. They say that they disappeared after Empress Catherine the Great became interested in them. They say she ordered her best watchmakers to disassemble them in order to find out the secret of this eternal, magical clock. The clock was dismantled, but they failed to put it back together.

However, it is known that there were other watches that one rich gentleman from Razgulay ordered from Bruce. He wanted an enchanted clock, similar to those that the king had, and that they did not show time, but the path to fame and fortune. Bruce initially refused, but the master continued to insist and was ready to give any money for the work. Rumor has it that Bruce nevertheless took up this order, but conjured over the clock for so long that the customer died by the time they were ready, but bequeathed to his heirs to pay off the count when the clock was ready. However, the heirs refused to pay Bruce and ridiculed him. Then Yakov got angry and said: “Let these watches be cursed and only show bad things.” Since then, these watches began to bring only misfortunes to those who looked at them. The clock was installed on Bruce's house, in a special board with astrological and magical symbols. It was said that this rebus board was nothing more than a map showing the way to the count's innumerable treasures. There were also rumors that a person who guessed the symbols on the board would be able to discover hidden room in Bruce's house, where his treasures, the "Black Book" and other lost manuscripts of the count are located. Legends say that there may even be the body of Bruce himself. Many attempts were made to find the room, but to no avail.

Be that as it may, the legend of the count's treasures hidden somewhere haunted many Muscovites. Such adventurers came to this house and for a long time, as if enchanted, looked at the damn clock and the rebus board, trying to solve this riddle. We looked, and then went crazy, never finding anything. As a result, the Moscow authorities, seriously frightened by such rampant mental illness, ordered the board to be removed, and the place where it hung whitewashed so that there would be no trace left. But they say that the trace still remained, and those who looked for a long time at the place where the board with the clock used to hang, as if they saw how the puzzle signs appeared right on the plaster.

Another place where Bruce's "Black Book" could be hidden is his estate in Glinka. Bruce acquired this remote estate due to certain life circumstances that developed after the death of Peter the Great and the redistribution of power that began.

On January 28, 1725, Bruce acts as the chief steward at the funeral of Peter I. Immediately after the death of the tsar, the struggle for power in the country and localities begins, Bruce's interests are hurt, he is Peter's closest ally, he understands that he has become dangerous and undesirable for the new government, too he knows a lot of palace secrets. In the country Catherine I recently established a new government agency, - the Supreme Privy Council, - it consists of gray cardinals Russia led by Menshikov. In fact, this council, and not Catherine I, governs the country and decides the most important state affairs. Bruce is not included in the council and thus eloquently makes it clear that he is not needed by the new government. A year after Peter's death, Bruce retires with the rank of Field Marshal. Together with his wife, he hastily leaves the capital, moves to Moscow, and on April 24, 1727, he buys from Prince Dolgorukov the village of Glinkovo, located 42 versts from Moscow, "with a votchinkovy yard, with a good humus and with every structure, the village of Vochuten, Kabanova, Mishukov, Gramlikov."

Artist Savrasov 1872

Scientific research and inventions of the count, his reclusiveness and isolation in last years life, gave rise to curiosity and superstitious fear among the surrounding residents, they began to tell that from somewhere in the overseas lands they brought a dragon to Bruce, but one day Yakov got angry with him and turned him into stone. Indeed, in the park of the count's estate Glinka there was a stone sculpture of a mythical creature covered with scales, but, unfortunately, today the traces of the dragon, like many other sculptures from the count's estate, could not be found - in the 30s they were destroyed, and the materials were used for construction dams.

Another legend says that Bruce surprised guests when, in the hottest weather, with the help of some conspiracy word, he suddenly turned a pond into a skating rink. Modern scientists tried to explain this spectacular trick as follows: in winter, the ice was covered with a layer of sawdust and clay, then it was carefully cut down along the perimeter of the pond, the water was drained, and the ice sank to the bottom where it was stored until the summer. In the summer, the ice was cleared of sawdust and clay, and thus, on a hot summer day, it was possible to skate.

There are other secrets in Bruce's Glinka estate. For example, this is a system of underground passages, which are apparently located under the estate, but were walled up forty years ago. Therefore, research has not yet been carried out there, and perhaps the dungeons still contain many mysteries - who knows, maybe the "Black Book" is located there. The only place where there is a descent into the dungeon is the cellars under the ruined temple of the estate, but further the passage is walled up.

Yakov Bruce lived in Glinka for about ten years. All this time, he was afraid that Menshikov and Catherine I would not just leave him alone, because he, being close to Peter I, remained faithful to the sovereign until his death and now became dangerous for them. The count, being a man versed in medicine, did not believe that the king died due to illness and believed that there was a conspiracy against Peter.

Soon after Peter's death, some mysterious events began to occur around Bruce - all the count's close associates died in a completely mysterious way.

Departure to the remote estate of Glinka was partly an attempt to change his fate. After all, he is an astrologer and predictor, Jacob Bruce, he knew how his life would end. Many years ago, Bruce cast his horoscope and "calculated" his fate and death. But once another horoscope, compiled by him no less carefully for Peter I, misfired, because, as Bruce believed, they interfered in the fate of the sovereign. Before his death, Peter I did not have time to name a successor, he wrote only “I leave everything” and died. There is an assumption that Bruce was the only person among the close associates of the sovereign who knew the name of the heir.

So, to the number of our previous assumptions about the content of the Black Book, we can add possible records about the causes of the unexpected death of Peter the Great, the tsar's horoscope and, of course, the horoscope of Bruce himself, the prediction of his own fate.

In principle, the count could be poisoned at any moment, for example, one of the servants on the estate. Indeed, Bruce died at a very mysterious circumstances, it's not clear why. Jacob Bruce died on the day of his birth on April 19, 1735 and was buried in the German settlement in the church of St. Michael.

In the 30s of the 20th century, the construction of TsAGI, an aerohydrodynamic institute, was underway in Lefortovo, and suddenly the workers stumbled upon an unfamiliar ancient crypt. When the lid was lifted, they found the remains of a man - he was wearing a camisole embroidered with gold threads and a star - the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called. In all likelihood, this was the crypt of Jacob Bruce himself. Bruce's remains were given to Gerasimov's anthropological laboratory, but they mysteriously disappeared from there. During the work and systematization, the label with the name of Bruce was simply lost, and it became impossible to find his remains among hundreds of others.

Well, maybe most of the rumors about the Count are nothing more than urban legends. The outstanding scientist, alchemist and naturalist Bruce was too ahead of his time, and popular rumor, superstition and prejudice formed the basis of numerous myths and legends about the sorcerer and warlock Jacob Bruce. Be that as it may, the whole life of the count was shrouded in a mysterious and mystical halo. The legendary "Black Book" and other lost manuscripts of Bruce stir up the interest of researchers to this day - and who knows what other surprises and mysteries the sorcerer from Sukharevka can present us with in the future.

Izhevsk Cosmocenter,

The name of Bruce Lee is known even to those who are far from the world of cinema and martial arts. Even during his lifetime, the actor became a real legend, incredible stories were written about him, and the army of his fans numbered many thousands of spectators. Despite the fact that a tragic incident ended his life at the peak of his career, Bruce Lee is still remembered and loved by many fans of his talent.

Childhood and youth

The future actor was born on November 27, 1940. His family was very unusual for that time. Bruce Lee's father, Lee Hong Chuen, was an ethnic Chinese and an actor in traditional Chinese opera. And the mother - Grace - was a German of Asian origin, who adhered to Catholicism. The family lived in Hong Kong, but in 1940 the Lees went on tour to the United States. When they stopped in San Francisco, Grace went into labor. A newborn boy, as is customary in China, received several names. One of them sounded like Li Zhenfan (“Come back”), but he went down in history as Bruce Lee. The name "Bruce" was suggested to the woman in labor by one of the nurses. In this name, the boy received American citizenship. However, no one called Zhenfan Bruce Lee until he moved to America.

Already aged three months the boy starred in his debut film, Golden Gate Girl, where he played a newborn girl. In 1941, Li returned to China, where Bruce starred in several more films:

• "Born of Man";
• "Dream of Wealth";
• "Child", etc.

At the age of 12, Lee entered the prestigious La Salle College in Hong Kong, where he became interested in dancing and became a professional dancer. The boy did not develop relationships with peers, because he was not a purebred Chinese. To fight back the scoffers, Bruce began to learn kung fu. His teacher was Ip Man, one of the most famous Chinese martial artists. Bruce took his training very seriously and soon became the master's best student. In parallel, he began to practice other types of martial arts - for example, judo and boxing.

In 1959, during a fight, Bruce inflicted serious injuries on two hooligans who attacked him. Later it turned out that the attackers were members of the famous Triad criminal society. Bruce's parents were afraid that the mafia might persecute their son, and persuaded him to move to America, especially since the young man had the citizenship of this country.

After moving, Bruce Lee was forced to work as a waiter in Seattle. However, this was not enough for an ambitious and talented young man. He continued to play sports, improved his knowledge of English and the exact sciences, and then entered the T. Edison School, which he successfully completed in 1960. Lee decided not to end his education there, and the following year he entered the University of Washington in the Department of Philosophy. During his studies, he decided to take up teaching martial arts. Great experience allowed Lee to create his own unique fighting style. The first classes were held in city parks, since Lee did not have money to rent a hall. But over time, more and more Americans who wanted to do martial arts learned about the young Chinese master. The excitement around the Li school was due to the fact that the Chinese masters zealously kept their techniques secret and categorically refused to teach martial arts to foreigners. So Bruce Lee became one of the first who introduced people to ancient martial arts, regardless of the nationality of the students. This caused some resistance from Chinese teachers. Lee even received anonymous messages threatening and demanding to stop teaching foreigners. However, he continued to develop his business.

In 1963, Lee became the owner of his own martial arts school, with a large hall and all the necessary equipment. Despite the fact that the school brought in a good income and new students came to it every day, Lee dreamed of filming a movie. He was invited several times to shoot little-known films and TV shows, but these roles did not bring great fame to Bruce Lee. Frustrated, he decided to leave America and return to Hong Kong.

Film career and mature years

After returning to China, a sharp turning point occurred in the life of Bruce Lee. In 1971, he began to collaborate with the Hong Kong film company Golden Harvest. The actor told the producers that he was ready to direct all the fight scenes in the company's new film. And as a reward for his services, Lee asked for the lead role. The result of this collaboration was the movie "Big Boss", which brought Bruce Lee his first fame.

Following this work, the award-winning film "Fist of Fury" was released on the screens. This tape enjoyed great success not only in China, but also abroad. Bruce Lee began to receive numerous job offers at the best sites in China and the United States. Together with his friend Raymond Chow Li created his own film studio. First independent work Bruce Lee was the film "The Way of the Dragon", one of the main roles in which Chuck Norris was invited.

In 1972, while working on his second film, The Game of Death, Bruce Lee received an invitation from Warner Brothers. He was supposed to direct the action scenes in the film company's new film, Enter the Dragon.

All this time, the actor lived in two countries, actively working both in China and in America. In the spring of 1973, he finally moved to the United States. However, here Li began to worry about the first health problems. Once, right at the workplace, he had an attack, accompanied by convulsions and loss of consciousness. The actor passed the full medical examination, but it did not reveal any deviations. Therefore, Lee continued to work on his projects in the same rhythm.

July 20, 1973 Bruce Lee was in Hong Kong. The actor, along with Chow and actress Betty Bruce, worked on the script. Suddenly Lee felt a sharp headache. He took an aspirin, worked some more, and then went to bed. Bruce Lee didn't wake up the next morning. An autopsy showed that the 32-year-old actor died of cerebral edema, apparently caused by an allergy to aspirin. The death of Bruce Lee was a great grief not only for his family, but also for thousands of people around the world.

Bruce Lee rests in Seattle Cemetery. Today, his grave is a real Mecca for fans of his talent. The memory of Bruce Lee is still alive. The actor is recognized as one of the most influential celebrities of the 20th century, a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame bears his name, and monuments depicting Lee in his film images have been erected in Hong Kong, Los Angeles and Mostar.

Family

In the early 1960s, Bruce Lee met a girl named Linda Emerli, who came to his training. In 1964, young people got married. In marriage, they had two children - son Brandon and daughter Shannon.

A lot of curious and even mysterious facts are connected with the life and death of Bruce Lee.

• Bruce Lee has never lost a fight in his entire life. Physically, he was much stronger than most people. Lee could easily knock down a professional fighter with a blow delivered from a distance of only 3 cm. In addition, Bruce Lee had a very fast reaction. It was not difficult for him to change the coin lying in the person’s hand, even if the interlocutor was ready for such a trick and tried to hold his hand, barely noticing Lee’s movement.
• Bruce Lee devoted a lot of time to training. Every day he did several thousand different exercises.
• Many fans refused to believe that Bruce Lee's death was caused by an accident. There was a version among fans that Lee was killed hired killer from the Triad. In their opinion, this is how the Chinese masters of ancient martial arts decided to take revenge on the actor for divulging their secrets to whites.
• The life of Bruce Lee's son, Brandon, also ended tragically. He also became an actor and died right on the set during the filming of The Crow. The gun, from which, according to the script, they were supposed to shoot at the actor, turned out to be out of order. The broken plug flew out of the muzzle with great speed and hit the young man's stomach, causing great blood loss.

Famous film actor, whose fans were millions of teenagers. He himself wrote several scripts for films in which he himself played a major role. His name is . He is known as a master of martial arts, hitting an opponent with one blow. During his short life, Bruce managed to achieve tremendous success in the film industry. Films with his participation were among the most popular. Unfortunately, he was destined to live only thirty-two years. But information about where Bruce Lee was buried became known only recently.

Biography

Bruce Lee was born at the end of November 1940 in the city of San Francisco. His father, Lee Hoi Chen, was a full-blooded Chinese, and his mother, Grace Lee, was a third German. The young years were spent in constant tours with their parents. Bruce expressed his deep gratitude to them for the fact that they constantly took him with them. So one day a producer noticed a young talent and invited him to act in films. This was the start of a film career.

At school, the young actor did not particularly stand out, he was, so to speak, average. The first picture, where Bruce Lee played, was filmed at the age of three months. And the next film will be made only when the child is six years old. Here the actor could already understand the requirements of the directors and do everything to win attention.

Becoming an actor

When Bruce Lee turned fourteen, he enrolled in a dance school where he was taught dance cha-cha-cha. After several years of intense training, he will become the winner of the championship in this type of dance, taking place in Hong Kong. Around the same age, he begins to box, defeating all opponents. He had only two defeats in history.

Ip Man is Bruce Lee's teacher

But the fateful moment was the day when Bruce came to kung fu master yip man and asked him to teach the skill. The master did not even have time to answer, as Bruce said: “Do you agree to this condition: you teach me the martial art, and I will teach you to dance the cha-cha-cha.” The teacher agreed. As he would say later, the young martial artist was a very talented student. He mastered techniques in a few days that people spend months on.

Later, Bruce Lee moves to the United States of America, where he gets a job as a waiter's assistant and enters a higher educational institution at the Faculty of Philosophy. There he meets his future wife Linda. Soon they will get married and have two children.

Bruce Lee was the developer of the new style kung Fu which immediately gained immense popularity. The young philosopher is invited to appear in television series, where he showed his abilities. Soon, Bruce opens his own gym, where anyone could sign up. One of his famous students was the athlete Karim Jabbar, with the participation of which a film will soon be made. All visitors had to pay the cost of an hour of classes in the hall in the amount of three hundred dollars.

In the early 1970s, the famous fighter decided to move to Hong Kong with his family. The first film where Bruce played a major role was Big Boss. The actor agreed with the director to give him responsibility for the fight scenes. Confused, the director agreed. And for good reason - the film grossed millions of dollars at the box office.

The address where Bruce Lee was buried

Life famous actor interrupted by a headache. An autopsy revealed that the brain was severely swollen. An in-depth analysis was not carried out, so the fact that the headache pill was the cause of death is not justified.

The body of a kung fu master was transported to Seattle. Here they buried Bruce Lee, leaving famous photo on the monument.

In a post about a boy who, at the behest of his parents, became a bodybuilder, a question was asked from Arigus:
I remember we also had Bruce Khlebnikov!!! Where did he go, what happened to him?

Let's remember our hero, who is rightfully considered one of the most strong people planets today.

Athlete biography

The future record holder was born on October 21, 1989.
He was born on the Tula-Moscow train. His mother, Nelly, moved from Armenia. He owes his unusual name to the Chinese athlete Bruce Lee. His closest relatives are no less famous. Ivan Khlebnikov - hero of the Great Patriotic War, became famous for saving almost fifty people during a fire at an oil plant in Baku. A monument was erected in his honor in the capital of Azerbaijan. The biography of Bruce Khlebnikov is quite interesting. The boy from childhood loved karate and wushu. One of his favorite characters was his famous namesake, Bruce Lee.

The future champion already in early childhood showed the ability to martial arts. Noticing her son's abilities, her mother brought him for a consultation with Alexei Artyukhov, who headed the Wushu Federation. At that time, Bruce was four years old. After a year of wushu classes, he received a yellow belt.

Bruce's sports career developed very rapidly. His incredible achievements in sports made a lasting impression. Gradually, the fame of him stepped over the boundaries of Moscow.

The boy's sports career also went uphill. At the age of nine, Bruce already had a red belt in the ear.

Bruce's first records

The first record that glorified Bruce was made by chance. Although the boy showed absolutely incredible perseverance and diligence. Tatyana Pikalova, who is famous as a power actress, invited Nelly to watch the performance. All that was required of Bruce was to sit behind the wheel of the Volga. But everything went completely differently. Instead of sitting quietly in the driver's seat, the child quite seriously asked permission to move the car. At that time he was only six years old. Adults only laughed at such a request. Then Bruce put a strong plump man into the Volga, and harnessed himself. And the car moved. For some reason, the room became quiet. And the boy really liked this game. Gradually, he began to move buses, planes, boats.

He managed to budge a military fighter that weighs twelve tons.

And besides that, he managed to tear several thick books in half. In total, more than thirty records are recorded in the Book of Records.

Fighter moving, part of other impressive moments in this video.

Instead of belts, he very often uses his own hair or teeth. Success in the sports field caused envy not only among classmates, but also among adults. Fearing the consequences of some fight, my mother transferred Bruce to home schooling. Videos featuring Bruce Khlebnikov can be viewed on social networks or on the Internet. So, at 10 years old, Bruce's records were even more impressive. At this age, he managed to hold a man who weighed 160 kg between two chairs. A year later, he could hold a weight of 240 kg. And at the age of 12, the Albatross L-39 plane could budge, this car weighed 4 tons. He used his hair as belts. A rope was tied to them, on which he dragged the plane almost one and a half meters.

Gradually, Bruce Khlebnikov's records became known, he got into the Guinness book. It happened after the young strong man moved the fighter. In 2002, he again hit the Book. This time he tied it to his hair and moved the Zarnitsa steamer, which weighed 22 tons. There were also passengers on board. Together with them, he dragged the ship 10 meters against the current.

Sports achievements do not replace knowledge for Bruce. Bruce entered the Academy national security and law and order. Bruce's abilities were also appreciated by another equally famous karateka - Jackie Chan. They met in 2000 at the premiere of Shanghai Noon. Jackie Chan was surprised at the abilities of the young strong man no less than Van Damme. Today he is friends with both actors and often visits them.

In 2011, Bruce took part in the TV show "Dancing with the Stars", where Victoria Krutaya, known for her magnificent forms, became his partner - even Artem Mikhalkov refused to dance with her.
Once, a serious scandal erupted on the set - Khlebnikov began to annoy Lera Kudryavtseva and her little dog, and he called the TV presenter a bad mother who could only take care of the dog, to which Lera reacted no less emotionally. The conflict was settled by Ksenia Sobchak, threatening Bruce that he could leave the project.

Athlete today

To date, Bruce Khlebnikov holds more than 30 records, many of which are listed in the Guinness Book. All of them are very complex. It's no secret that in order to achieve such a result, you need to show inhuman willpower. In addition, you need to set a goal and steadily achieve it. Bruce has it all. According to his mother, he is very hardworking.

Bruce often travels to colonies where juvenile delinquents are brought up. They become witnesses of many records. So on one of the trips, he moved the Gazelle. According to the strong man, this is an excellent example of what to strive for. This is understandable, if you direct all your energy in the right direction, you can reach incredible heights.

If you read the biographies of famous people, you can clearly understand that at the cost of a lot of work, they achieve their results. Bruce is no exception. He began to work on himself at an early age. Of course, without the attention and help of my mother, it was not done here. But it was hard work that helped the athlete get into the Wushu Federation, where children were accepted only from the age of 12. Bruce was only four.

You can be an incredibly talented person, but if you do not add work to this, then success is extremely difficult to achieve.