Shulgan-Tash is a state nature reserve in Bashkortostan with federal status. It is located in the western foothills of the Southern Urals, in the mountain-forest belt, within the Burzyansky district. The total area is 22,531 hectares (225 sq. km).

Together with the Altyn-Solok nature reserve, it is part of an integrated biosphere reserve Bashkir Ural, which is a candidate for inclusion in the list of objects world heritage UNESCO.

The reserve was established in 1958 as the Pribelsky branch Bashkir Reserve, and on January 16, 1986 it became an independent reserve. The basis for the organization of the reserve was the presence in this region of the core of a purebred aboriginal population of honey bees - the Burzyan bee, or "Burzyanka" - in the conditions of beekeeping - the Bashkir folk craft. The branch turned out to be the first zone in the world to protect native wild bees.

The average monthly temperature in January is −16° С, in June and July +16° С. The climate is temperate continental, sharply variable over the years, precipitation is from 270 to 750 mm. The relief is low-mountainous. Mixed broad-leaved and coniferous-broad-leaved forests occupy 92 percent of the territory.

The reserve is a conservation, research and environmental education institution. There are about 90 people in the staff, including 3 candidates of sciences and 2 graduate students, 5 researchers. The bibliography of the reserve is more than 900 works, 53 were prepared in 2008 scientific publications. Every year a comprehensive scientific report is prepared - the Chronicle of Nature.

138 families of bees live in the reserve in the conditions of artificial hollows - boards and logs, 242 families live in apiaries, state security inspectors are engaged in part-time beekeeping. An urgent problem is the protection of the bee gene pool from crossbreeding, to which the now banned import of foreign bees into the region has led. For the stability of the “Burzyanka” population, it is necessary to expand its range; for this, the Altyn-Solok (Golden Board) reserve was created in 1997, beekeeping is supported in the adjacent territories, and a project to expand the reserve was promoted. Skillful marketing of bee honey made beekeeping profitable, and it began to return to the life of the Bashkirs.

Flora and fauna of the Shulgan-Tash reserve

The most famous representative of the entomofauna is the Burzyan wild bee, to support the population of which the Shulgan-Tash reserve was created.

There are: fish - 30 species, amphibians - 5, reptiles - 6, birds - 206, mammals - 61 species. About 1,700 species of invertebrates have been identified, including 378 butterflies and 458 beetles. 31 species of animals are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, 67 species are listed in the Red Book of Bashkortostan. All the typical forest species middle lane Russia. Unusually high density brown bear. Diverse bird fauna. There are also problems: the European mink is being replaced by the American mink in the region. Due to climate warming, the construction of the Yumaguzinsky reservoir on the Belaya River, the living conditions of rheophilic fish - taimen, trout, grayling - are increasingly deteriorating.

The rich landscape mosaic determines and high diversity flora. At the beginning of 2009, 816 species of higher vascular plants, 184 species of mosses, 233 species of lichens, 117 species of fungi, 202 species of algae and cyanobacteria were identified. 14 species of plants belong to the Red Book of Russia, 57 - of Bashkortostan. Relic and endemic species make up about 10 percent of the entire flora. The most rare plant communities- relic spruce forests and rocky mountain steppes. Eastern European broad-leaved, light-coniferous preforest-steppe and dark-coniferous southern taiga forests border on the territory.

Shulgan-Tash is a unique cultural and historical object

It is mentioned in many myths and legends of the Bashkirs - for example, in the epic of the Bashkir people Ural-batyr.

On the territory of the reserve there is a unique karst cave Kapova, or Shulgan-Tash. The length of all passages of the cave is more than 2.9 km. The cave has three tiers, the Underground Shulgan river flows inside the cave, which formed this cave.

In 1959, the zoologist of the reserve A. V. Ryumin discovered Paleolithic rock paintings in the Kapova Cave (Shulgan-Tash). The drawings are made mainly with ocher - a natural pigment based on animal fat, their age is about 18 thousand years, mammoths, horses and other animals are depicted, complex signs, anthropomorphic figures. There are rare charcoal images.

GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

RESOLUTION

About the state nature reserve"Altyn Solok"

In accordance with , , (with subsequent amendments), in order to ensure the safety of the gene pool of the native population of the Burzyan wild bee, the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan decides:

1. Approve the attached:

Regulations on the state natural reserve "Altyn Solok";

amendments to the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan dated August 25, 2005 N 189 "On state natural zoological reserves of republican significance"

2. Financing of expenses for the maintenance of the state nature reserve "Altyn Solok" shall be carried out within the funds provided in the budget of the Republic of Bashkortostan to the Ministry of Nature Management and Ecology of the Republic of Bashkortostan for the implementation of the state program "Ecology and Natural Resources of the Republic of Bashkortostan", approved by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan dated February 18, 2014 N 61 (with subsequent changes).

(Item 2 in ed.)

3. To impose control over the execution of this Resolution on the Ministry of Nature Management and Ecology of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

The president
Republic of Bashkortostan
R.Z.KHAMITOV

Regulations on the state nature reserve "Altyn Solok"

Approved
Government Decree
Republic of Bashkortostan
dated February 21, 2013 N 50

1. General Provisions

1.1. This Regulation has been developed in accordance with the Land Code of the Russian Federation, the Forest Code of the Russian Federation, the Federal Laws "On Specially Protected Natural Territories" and "On Wildlife", the Laws of the Republic of Bashkortostan "On Specially Protected Natural Territories in the Republic of Bashkortostan", "On Wildlife ", "On hunting and conservation of hunting resources in the Republic of Bashkortostan", Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Bashkortostan dated February 26, 1999 N 48 "On approval of regulations on specially protected natural areas in the Republic of Bashkortostan" (with subsequent amendments).

1.2. The state nature reserve "Altyn Solok" (hereinafter referred to as the reserve) has a "zoological (entomological)" profile.

1.3. The reserve was formed without limitation of validity period on the lands of the forest fund with an area of ​​87487.0 hectares and other categories of lands with an area of ​​2457.0 hectares.

1.4. The protection of the territory of the reserve, as well as measures to preserve biological diversity and maintain natural complexes and objects in the natural state on the territory of the reserve, are carried out by the state state-financed organization Directorate for Specially Protected Natural Territories of the Republic of Bashkortostan (hereinafter referred to as the Directorate), which is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Nature Management and Ecology of the Republic of Bashkortostan (hereinafter referred to as the Ministry of Ecology of the Republic of Belarus).

(As amended by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan dated September 18, 2015 N 397)

1.5. The reserve is located in the municipal district Burzyansky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The total area of ​​the reserve is 89944.0 ha.

1.6. The reserve is located on the lands of the forest fund of the Nugush district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry (in blocks 4 - 7, 9, 12 - 17, 21 - 28, 33 - 42, 46 - 54, 56 - 70, 73 - 85, 87, 88, 112 - 117), Gadelgareevsky district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry (in blocks 1 - 19, 22 - 30, 33 - 37, 40 - 45, 50 - 54, 58 - 61, 66, 67 (with the exception of the protected natural area of ​​local importance "Morat-Tugay "), 68 - 70), Belsky district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry (in quarters 122, 132, 133, 135) and on lands of other categories that are located within these quarters, without exemption from users, owners and owners of plots of the territory (water area) in in accordance with the law.

1.7. Reserve boundaries:

northern border - from the point of intersection of the administrative border municipal district Burzyansky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan with the northeastern corner of block 4 of the Nugush district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry, then along the northern clearings of blocks 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 to the northeast corner of block 9;

eastern border - from the northeastern corner of quarter 9 of the Nugush district forestry to the south along the eastern clearing of quarter 9 until it intersects with the northwestern corner of quarter 17, then to the east along the northern clearing of quarter 17 and to the south, further along the eastern clearings of quarters 17 and 28 of the same district forestry until the intersection with the northwestern corner of quarter 42 of the same forestry, then east along the northern clearing of the same quarter and south along its eastern clearing to the northwestern corner of quarter 54 of the same district forestry, then east along the northern clearing of the same quarter and to the south, then along the eastern clearings of quarters 54, 66, 78 of the Nugush district forestry and quarter 5 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry, then to the east along the northern clearing of quarter 122 of the Belsky district forestry to its northeast corner, then to the south and along the eastern clearings of quarters 122, 133 and 135 of the Belsky district forestry, quarters 19, 30, 37, 45 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry of the Burzyanskoye forestry, along the southern clearing of quarter 45 to the northeast corner of quarter 54 of the same district forestry and to the south along the eastern clearings quarters 54, 61, 70 to the intersection of the southeastern corner of quarter 70 with the river. White;

the southern border - from the southeastern corner of quarter 70 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry along the river. Belaya along the southern borders of blocks 70, 69, 68, then along the southern border of block 67, along the border of block 67 with the protected natural area of ​​local importance "Morat-Tugay", then to the north and along the western clearings of blocks 67, 66, 58, 50 to crossing with the southern clearing of block 40 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry, then along the southern and western clearings of block 40 to the southeastern corner of block 23 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry, then along the southern clearings of blocks 23 and 22 to the southwestern corner of block 22 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry;

western border - from the southwestern corner of block 22 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry along the western clearings of blocks 22, 11 to the northwestern corner of block 11, then along the northern clearings of blocks 11, 12, 13 to the northeast corner of block 13, then along western clearings of quarters 6, 1 to the northwestern corner of quarter 1 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry, then along the southern and western clearings of quarter 73 of the Nugush district forestry of the Burzyanskoye forestry until the intersection of the western clearing of quarter 73 with the southeast corner of quarter 60, then along the southern borders of quarters 60 , 59 to the northwestern corner of quarter 71 of the Nugush district forestry, then along the western clearing of quarter 71 to the river. Nugush, further along the bank of the river. Nugush along the eastern and southern borders of quarters 83, 82 to the southeastern corner of quarter 82, then along the northern, western and southern clearings of quarter 86 to the river. Nugush, along the eastern and southern borders of blocks 88, 87 to the southwestern corner of block 87, then along the western and northern borders of blocks 87, 84, 79, 117, 56, 115, 114, 112, 113, 34, 21, 33, 22, 23, 12, 4 to the northeastern corner of quarter 4 of the Nugush district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry.

1.8. The boundaries of the reserve are marked on the ground with special information signs along the perimeter of the boundaries of its territory.

1.9. The boundaries and features of the regime of special protection of the reserve are taken into account when developing plans and prospects for economic and social development, forest management regulations and forest development projects, preparation of territorial planning documents, forest management and land inventory, development various forms tourism.

2. Tasks of the reserve

2.1. The reserve was formed to perform the following tasks:

1) providing conditions for conservation, sustainable existence and rational use aboriginal population of the Burzyan wild bee (Apis mellifera mellifera L.);

2) conservation, reproduction and restoration of the natural complex, providing natural environment habitats and maintenance of the gene pool of the native population of the Burzyan wild bee (Apis mellifera mellifera L.) living in natural and artificial dwellings (hollows, beehives);

3) conservation, restoration and reproduction of endangered species of animals and plants;

4) conservation, restoration, reproduction of the population and expansion of the range of other species of animals and plants, including rare and in need of protection, as well as species valuable in economic, scientific and cultural terms;

5) preservation of historical and ethnographic objects (Masim ridge, Babsan-biya mound, lakes Elkkysykkan and Ygyshma), as well as objects that will be discovered in the course of archaeological and historical and ethnographic research;

6) implementation of environmental monitoring and scientific research Burzyan wild bee (Apis mellifera mellifera L.);

7) environmental education of the population.

3. Zoning of the territory of the reserve

3.1. For more effective fulfillment of the tasks assigned to the reserve, the territory of the reserve is subject to zoning.

3.2. There are three zones in the reserve, which differ in the mode of use:

1) a special protection zone (Mount Masim), which includes blocks 18 and 19 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry and block 135 of the Belsky district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry;

2) the buffer protection zone of the Shulgan-Tash reserve and the catchment area of ​​the karst system of the Shulgan-Tash (Kapova) cave, which includes quarters 58 - 61, 70, 73, 74, 81 - 83, 85, 88 of the Nugush district forestry, as well as quarters 1, 6, 11 - 14, 22 - 25, 40, 50, 51, 58, 59, 66 and 67 Gadelgareevsky district forestry;

3) zone of custom regime, which includes the rest of the territory of the reserve.

4. The regime of special protection of the territory of the reserve

4.1. A regime of special protection and use is established on the territory of the reserve. natural resources aimed at preserving the natural complex, ensuring the natural balance of flora and fauna.

4.2. The following types of economic activities are prohibited throughout the reserve:

1) placement and functioning of public and individual apiaries and roaming points with honey bees, the use of fertile and infertile queen bees, bee colonies, packages and swarms imported from outside the municipal district Burzyansky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan. At the same time, the creation of new and development of existing apiaries of all forms of ownership on the basis of aboriginal Burzyan bees is encouraged in every possible way;

2) the development of mineral deposits, the performance of other works related to the use of subsoil, as well as geological development, the conduct of hydro-reclamation and irrigation works, except for the cases of construction, reconstruction and repair of roads, construction of tourism infrastructure facilities and sports facilities and the implementation of measures to develop existing settlements points;

3) extraction of gravel-sand mixtures from quarries, except for cases of construction, reconstruction and repair of roads, construction of sports facilities and tourism infrastructure facilities and implementation of measures for the development of existing settlements;

4) timber floating;

5) ruin and disturbing the peace of honey bee families living in natural and artificial dwellings - hollows, boards, logs and hives;

6) damage and destruction of artificial dwellings of bees - boards and decks, both inhabited and not inhabited by bees;

7) clear felling of forest plantations, with the exception of narrow-cutting areas (not more than 50 m wide) in the buffer protection zones of the Shulgan-Tash nature reserve and in the zone of the custom-made regime of the reserve;

8) preparation of resin;

9) timber harvesting, with the exception of timber harvesting for municipal and own needs of the population, for the needs of organizations engaged in educational activities, and cultural organizations in agreement with the Directorate;

(clause 9 as amended by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan dated September 11, 2017 N 420)

10) plowing of lands, natural meadows and clearings, except for those traditionally used for arable land;

11) construction and operation of new livestock farms and summer herds;

12) provision land plots for collective gardening and horticulture;

13) the arrangement of parking lots for vehicles outside specially designated areas;

14) the use of pesticides, chemical and microbiological plant protection products;

15) destruction or damage of barriers, full houses, stands and other information signs and indicators, as well as equipped ecological trails and places of rest;

16) pollution of the water protection zone with household, agricultural and industrial waste;

17) creation of facilities for the placement of production and consumption waste, radioactive, chemical, explosive, toxic, toxic and poisonous substances;

18) commercial, sport hunting, commercial fishing (it is allowed to shoot and trap animals for scientific purposes, including for the purpose of population control, on the basis of special permits issued by the Ministry of Ecology of the Republic of Belarus);

(in ed.)

19) other types of activities that entail a decrease in the ecological value of this territory or cause harm to protected objects of flora and fauna and their habitat.

4.3. In the zone of buffer protection of the state nature reserve "Shulgan-Tash" and the catchment area of ​​the karst system of the Shulgan-Tash (Kapova) cave, the following is prohibited:

1) blasting and mining operations without expertise by specialists of the geological and karst profile;

2) uprooting of areas for new farmland;

3) damage and backfilling of sinkholes;

4) the use of heavy caterpillar vehicles and tractors during the snowless period outside technological roads, except for the transport of landowners, environmental protection, fire fighting and other special bodies and services when they perform official activities.

4.4. On the territory of the special protection zone (Mount Masim), all types of felling are prohibited, except for care and sanitary felling, the laying of new forest roads, as well as mass grazing.

4.5. On the territory of the reserve are allowed:

1) the development of apiculture, the placement and operation of public and individual apiaries based on the native Burzyansky bee (Apis mellifera mellifera L.) and roaming points with honey bees within the territory of the municipal district Burzyansky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan, as well as the export of bee colonies, packages, fruit and infertile queen bees from the area;

2) haymaking and free collection of non-timber resources (mushrooms, berries, medicinal plants);

3) grazing, with the exception of the territory of a specially protected area (Mount Masim);

4) all types of thinning, as well as narrow-cutting of mature and overmature plantations with a cutting area width of no more than 50 m, with the exception of the territory of a specially protected area (Mount Masim);

5) amateur and sport fishing;

6) the development of various types of tourism and folk crafts, the arrangement of tourist bases, parking lots and camps, the improvement tourist routes, other forms of recreation for the population in designated places in agreement with the Directorate;

7) research and environmental work in agreement with the Ministry of Ecology of the Republic of Belarus;

8) works on reforestation in order to improve the species composition of forests, their protective functions and aesthetic value;

9) inventory of boards, appraisal of all bee colonies, carrying out activities that weaken the cross-breeding of bees with the participation of specialists from the state nature reserve "Shulgan-Tash";

10) measures to restore and prevent changes in natural complexes, to maintain conditions that ensure sanitary and fire safety, as well as to prevent conditions that threaten human life and the safety of settlements;

11) food preparation forest resources;

12) harvesting and collection of non-timber forest resources in agreement with the Directorate;

13) procurement of medicinal plants in agreement with the Directorate;

14) creation of forest plantations and their exploitation on the unforested area in agreement with the Directorate;

15) cultivation of forest fruits, berries, ornamental plants, medicinal plants in an area not covered with forest in agreement with the Directorate;

16) construction, reconstruction, operation of linear facilities in agreement with the Directorate;

17) carrying out religious activities;

18) preservation and development of traditional folk craft - beekeeping;

19) development of various forms of tourism;

20) other economic activity to improve infrastructure and develop tourism in agreement with the Directorate.

4.6. Within a radius of 50 m around all trees with boards or trees that are promising for the manufacture of new boards, specially protected areas with a limited forest management regime are allocated, where only felling of trees is allowed in autumn-winter period with a decrease in the density of the forest stand by no more than 20%.

4.7. The right to use boards, logs, promising board trees, the placement of nomadic and stationary apiaries is issued in the prescribed manner.

4.8. On the territory of the reserve, economic and other activities are carried out in compliance with these Regulations and approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 13, 1996 N 997 (as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 13, 2008 N 169).

4.9. Project documentation objects, the construction, reconstruction of which on the territory of the reserve is allowed by this Regulation, is subject to state environmental expertise.

(As amended by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan dated 06/20/2013 N 263)

4.10. In the reserve, economic activities are allowed that ensure the conservation natural conditions habitats of the wild bee, the selection of honey from the nests of bee colonies without the removal and destruction of bees, damage and felling of trees with hollows, provided that the food reserves necessary for wintering are left.

4.11. Owners, owners and users of land plots and water bodies located within the boundaries of the reserve, as well as other physical and legal entities are obliged to comply with the regime of special protection of the territory established in the reserve and bear administrative, criminal and other liability in accordance with the law for its violation.

4.12. Legal and individuals are obliged to compensate for losses caused by violation of the regime of special protection of the territory of the reserve, in the amount and in the manner established by law.

5. Protection and control over compliance with the regime of special protection of the reserve

5.1. On the territory of the reserve, the protection of natural complexes and objects is carried out by officials of the Directorate, the Ministry of Forestry of the Republic of Bashkortostan within the powers established by law (hereinafter referred to as the security service).

Rights officials, exercising state supervision in the field of protection and use of the territory of the reserve, are determined by the Federal Law "On Specially Protected Natural Territories" and the Law of the Republic of Bashkortostan "On Specially Protected Natural Territories in the Republic of Bashkortostan" .

(the paragraph was introduced by Decree of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan of 06/18/2019 N 359)

5.2. The security service of the reserve is responsible for the following functions:

1) supervision over compliance with the regime of the reserve;

2) carrying out explanatory work among the population;

3) taking measures to prevent the import of bee colonies, packages and queens into the territory of the reserve from outside;

4) participation in the organization and conduct of accounting work;

5) participation in the regulation of the number of wild animals;

6) marking the boundaries of the reserve on the ground with warning and information signs;

7) taking measures to prevent violations of fire safety rules in forests, in the event of fires, taking measures to eliminate them in accordance with the law;

8) drafting required documents on revealed facts of violation of environmental legislation and the regime of the reserve in order to bring violators to liability established by law.

(clause 8 as amended by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan dated September 18, 2015 N 397)

Amendments to the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan dated August 25, 2005 N 189 "On state natural zoological reserves of republican significance"

Approved
Government Decree
Republic of Bashkortostan
dated February 21, 2013 N 50

1) paragraph 4 of the Resolution shall be stated as follows:

"4. Control over the implementation of this Resolution shall be entrusted to the Ministry of Nature Management and Ecology of the Republic of Bashkortostan.";

2) in the list of state natural zoological reserves of republican significance (appendix to the said Resolution):

a) add paragraph 1 with the following content:

About the state natural reserve "Altyn Solok" (as amended on June 18, 2019)

Full official name of the protected area:

State natural reserve "Altyn Solok"

Installation Information

Name of the property:

Belsko-Nugush interfluve, Bashkir Urals

Date of creation:

Total area of ​​protected areas:

Area of ​​specially protected marine area:

Rationale for the creation of protected areas and its significance:

The reserve was formed to perform the following tasks:

• providing conditions for the conservation, sustainable existence and rational use of the native population of the Burzyan wild bee (Apis mellifera mellifera L.);
• conservation, reproduction and restoration of the natural complex that provides a natural habitat, and maintenance of the gene pool of the native population of the Burzyan wild bee (Apis mellifera mellifera L.), living in natural and artificial dwellings (hollows, beehives, beehives);
• conservation, restoration and reproduction of endangered species of animals and plants;
• conservation, restoration, reproduction of the population and expansion of the range of other species of animals and plants, including rare and in need of protection, as well as species valuable in economic, scientific and cultural terms;
• preservation of historical and ethnographic objects (Masim ridge, Babsan-biya mound, lakes Elkkysykkan and Ygyshma), as well as objects that will be discovered during archaeological and historical and ethnographic research;
• implementation of environmental monitoring and scientific research of the Burzyan wild bee (Apis mellifera mellifera L.);
• environmental education of the population.

List of main objects of protection:

Central Russian Burzyan bee

Regulatory legal basis for the functioning of protected areas:

Territorial structure of protected areas

Geographical position:

The reserve is located on the mountainous territory of the upper reaches of the river. Nugush and the Belsko-Nugush interfluve with the most elevated central part (Masim town, 1040 m). The eastern border of the reserve runs 8 km west of the village. Starosubkhangulovo.

Description of borders:

• northern border - from the point of intersection of the administrative border of the municipal district Burzyansky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan with the northeastern corner of quarter 4 of the Nugush district forestry of the Burzyanskoye forestry, then along the northern clearings of quarters 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 to the northeastern corner of quarter 9.

• eastern border - from the northeastern corner of quarter 9 of the Nugush district forestry to the south along the eastern clearing of quarter 9 until it intersects with the northwestern corner of quarter 17, then to the east along the northern clearing of quarter 17 and to the south, further along the eastern clearings of quarters 17 and 28 of the same district forestry until the intersection with the northwestern corner of quarter 42 of the same forestry, then east along the northern clearing of the same quarter and south along its eastern clearing to the northwestern corner of quarter 54 of the same district forestry, then east along the northern clearing of the same quarter and to the south, then along the eastern clearings of quarters 54, 66, 78 of the Nugush district forestry and quarter 5 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry, then to the east along the northern clearing of quarter 122 of the Belsky district forestry to its northeast corner, then to the south and along the eastern clearings of quarters 122, 133 and 135 of the Belsky district forestry, quarters 19, 30, 37, 45 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry of the Burzyanskoye forestry, along the southern clearing of quarter 45 to the northeast corner of quarter 54 of the same district forestry and to the south along the eastern clearings quarters 54, 61, 70 to the intersection of the southeastern corner of quarter 70 with the river. White.

• the southern border - from the southeastern corner of quarter 70 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry along the river. Belaya along the southern borders of blocks 70, 69, 68, then along the southern border of block 67, along the border of block 67 with the protected natural area of ​​local importance "Morat-Tugay", then to the north and along the western clearings of blocks 67, 66, 58, 50 to crossing with the southern clearing of block 40 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry, then along the southern and western clearings of block 40 to the southeast corner of block 23 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry, then along the southern clearings of blocks 23 and 22 to the southwestern corner of block 22 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry.

• western border - from the southwestern corner of block 22 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry along the western clearings of blocks 22, 11 to the northwestern corner of block 11, then along the northern clearings of blocks 11, 12, 13 to the northeast corner of block 13, then along western clearings of quarters 6, 1 to the northwestern corner of quarter 1 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry, then along the southern and western clearings of quarter 73 of the Nugush district forestry of the Burzyanskoye forestry until the intersection of the western clearing of quarter 73 with the southeast corner of quarter 60, then along the southern borders of quarters 60 , 59 to the northwestern corner of quarter 71 of the Nugush district forestry, then along the western clearing of quarter 71 to the river. Nugush, further along the bank of the river. Nugush along the eastern and southern borders of quarters 83, 82 to the southeastern corner of quarter 82, then along the northern, western and southern clearings of quarter 86 to the river. Nugush, along the eastern and southern borders of blocks 88, 87 to the southwestern corner of block 87, then along the western and northern borders of blocks 87, 84, 79, 117, 56, 115, 114, 112, 113, 34, 21, 33, 22, 23, 12, 4 to the northeastern corner of quarter 4 of the Nugush district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry.

Clustering:

Number of plots: 1

Explication of lands

Explication of lands of specially protected territories and objects:

The reserve is located on the lands of the forest fund of the Nugush district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry (in blocks 4 - 7, 9, 12 - 17, 21 - 28, 33 - 42, 46 - 54, 56 - 70, 73 - 85, 87, 88, 112 - 117), Gadelgareevsky district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry (in blocks 1 - 19, 22 - 30, 33 - 37, 40 - 45, 50 - 54, 58 - 61, 66, 67 (with the exception of the protected natural area of ​​local importance "Morat-Tugay "), 68 - 70), Belsky district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry (in quarters 122, 132, 133, 135) and on lands of other categories that are located within these quarters, without exemption from users, owners and owners of plots of the territory (water area) in in accordance with the law.

Regimes and zoning of protected areas and buffer zones

Prohibited activities and nature use:

The following types of economic activities are prohibited throughout the reserve:

• placement and operation of public and individual apiaries and roaming points with honey bees, the use of fertile and infertile queen bees, bee colonies, packages and swarms imported from outside the municipal district Burzyansky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan. At the same time, the creation of new and development of existing apiaries of all forms of ownership on the basis of aboriginal Burzyan bees is encouraged in every possible way;
• development of mineral deposits, performance of other works related to the use of subsoil, as well as geological development, hydro-reclamation and irrigation works, except for cases of construction, reconstruction and repair of roads, construction of tourism infrastructure facilities and sports facilities and implementation of measures to develop existing settlements;
• extraction of gravel-sand mixtures from quarries, except for cases of construction, reconstruction and repair of roads, construction of sports facilities and tourism infrastructure facilities and implementation of measures to develop existing settlements;
• timber alloy;
• ruin and disturbing the peace of honeybee families living in natural and artificial dwellings - hollows, boards, decks and beehives;
• damage and destruction of artificial dwellings of bees - boards and decks, both inhabited and not inhabited by bees;
• clear-cutting of forest plantations, except for narrow-cutting areas (not more than 50 m wide) in the zones of buffer protection of the Shulgan-Tash reserve and in the zone of the custom-made regime of the reserve;
• preparation of resin;
• timber harvesting, with the exception of timber harvesting for municipal and own needs of the population, for the needs of organizations engaged in educational activities, and cultural organizations in agreement with the Directorate;
• plowing of lands, natural meadows and clearings, except for those traditionally used for arable land;
• construction and operation of new livestock farms and summer herds;
• provision of land plots for collective gardening and horticulture;
• arrangement of parking lots for vehicles outside specially designated places;
• the use of pesticides, chemical and microbiological plant protection products;
• destruction or damage to barriers, full houses, stands and other information signs and signs, as well as equipped ecological trails and recreation areas;
• pollution of the water protection zone with household, agricultural and industrial waste;
• creation of facilities for the disposal of production and consumption waste, radioactive, chemical, explosive, toxic, toxic and poisonous substances;
• commercial, sport hunting, commercial fishing (it is allowed to shoot and trap animals for scientific purposes, including for the purpose of population control, on the basis of special permits issued by the Ministry of Ecology of the Republic of Belarus); (as amended by Decree of the Government of the Republic of Belarus dated 20.06.2013 N 263);
• other types of activities entailing a decrease in the ecological value of this territory or causing harm to protected objects of flora and fauna and their habitat.

Permitted activities and nature use:

On the territory of the reserve are allowed:

• development of beekeeping, placement and functioning of public and individual apiaries based on the native Burzyansky bee (Apis mellifera mellifera L.) and roaming points with honey bees within the territory of the municipal district Burzyansky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan, as well as the export of bee colonies, packages, fetal and infertile bees queens from the given territory;
• haymaking and free collection of non-timber resources (mushrooms, berries, medicinal plants);
• grazing, with the exception of the territory of a specially protected area (Mount Masim);
• all types of thinning, as well as narrow-cutting of mature and overmature plantations with a cutting area width of no more than 50 m, with the exception of the territory of a specially protected area (Mount Masim);
• recreational and sport fishing;
• the development of various types of tourism and folk crafts, the arrangement of tourist bases, parking lots and camps, the arrangement of tourist routes, other forms of recreation for the population in designated places in agreement with the Directorate;
• research and environmental work in agreement with the Ministry of Ecology of the Republic of Belarus;
• reforestation works in order to improve the species composition of forests, their protective functions and aesthetic value;
• inventory of boards, appraisal of all bee colonies, carrying out activities that weaken the cross-breeding of bees with the participation of specialists from the state nature reserve "Shulgan-Tash";
• measures to restore and prevent changes in natural complexes, to maintain conditions that ensure sanitary and fire safety, as well as to prevent conditions that threaten human life and the safety of settlements;
• harvesting food forest resources;
• harvesting and collection of non-timber forest resources in agreement with the Directorate;
• procurement of medicinal plants in agreement with the Directorate;
• creation of forest plantations and their exploitation on the unforested area in agreement with the Directorate;
• cultivation of forest fruit, berry, ornamental plants, medicinal plants on an area not covered with forest in agreement with the Directorate;
• construction, reconstruction, operation of linear facilities in agreement with the Directorate;
• carrying out religious activities;
• preservation and development of traditional folk craft - beekeeping;
• development of various forms of tourism;
• other economic activities to improve infrastructure and develop tourism in agreement with the Directorate.

In the zone of buffer protection of the state nature reserve "Shulgan-Tash" and the catchment area of ​​the karst system of the Shulgan-Tash (Kapova) cave, the following is prohibited:

• blasting and mining operations without expertise by specialists of the geological and karst profile;
• uprooting of areas for new farmland;
• damage and backfilling of sinkholes;
• the use of heavy caterpillar vehicles and tractors during the snowless period outside technological roads, except for the transport of landowners, environmental protection, fire fighting and other special bodies and services when they perform official activities.

Mount Masim, includes blocks 18 and 19 of the Gadelgareevsky district forestry and quarter 135 of the Belsky district forestry of the Burzyansky forestry

On the territory of the special protection zone (Mount Masim), all types of felling are prohibited, except for care and sanitary felling, the laying of new forest roads, as well as mass grazing.

Natural features of protected areas

natural features PAs:

"Altyn-Solok" is the largest reserve of the republic. Belongs to the least developed territories of the middle mountains of the Southern Urals. Its natural complex is dominated by broad-leaved European-type oak-maple forests with elm and birch, occupying leveled elevated areas, as well as slopes of various exposures. On the northern slopes along the Nugush and Kuzha rivers, relic dark coniferous-broad-leaved forests with spruce and linden occasionally occur. They form the southern outpost of subtaiga spruce deciduous forests on Southern Urals. On the territory of the reserve there is a contact of European broad-leaved forests with Siberian pine-birch forests. Steep slopes of southern exposure occupy steppe pine forests with broom, chiliga and cherry, the open southern slopes are fragments of mountain sheep-feather grass and shrub steppes.
The location of the reserve at the junction of landscape areas and the low economic development of the territory contributed to the preservation of a rich animal population here, incl. Burzyanskaya population of honey bees, and wild beekeeping. The presence of preserved beech trees, centers of amateur beekeeping and a good forage base gave rise to the state nature reserve"Shulgan-Tash" to take the initiative to organize here a specialized reserve for the protection of the Burzyan wild bees. But at the same time, the established mode of the reserve allows you to protect other species of its rich fauna and flora, to prevent the emerging transformation of landscapes.
According to preliminary (incomplete) data, more than 22 species of fish, 4 species of amphibians, 7 species of reptiles, 100 species of birds, 47 species of mammals live in the reserve, more than 700 species of higher vascular plants grow.
The reserve is of scientific and environmental importance, it preserves the gene pool of both the native population of the honey bee and other bee species, as well as other protected ones, incl. rare species of animals and plants. Ensures the sustainable existence of the native population of honey bees in conditions wild habitat, onboard and apiary beekeeping. The territory is part of the Key Ornithological Territory (KOTR) of international importance "Belsko-Nugush interfluve".

Sources of information about protected areas:

• Consolidated list of specially protected natural areas Russian Federation(directory). Part II.
  Potapova NA, Nazyrova RI, Zabelina NM, Isaeva-Petrova LS, Korotkov VN, Ochagov DM
  Moscow: VNIIprirody (2006) : 364
• Register of specially protected natural areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan
  editor AA Muldashev
  Ufa, Publishing Center "MediaPrint" (second edition) (2010) : 413

A sanctuary is a section of a territory where one of the components of a natural complex is protected, for example, valuable plants or animals, lakes, minerals, etc. There are 29 sanctuaries registered in Bashkiria. Here is a part of them.

"Altyn-Solok" - the state natural zoological (entomological) reserve, the largest in the republic. It is located on the mountainous territory of the upper reaches of the river. Nugush and the Belsko-Nugush interfluve with the most elevated central part (Mount Masim, 1040 m). The eastern border of the reserve runs 8 km west of the village. Starosubkhangulovo. It preserves the gene pool of both the native population of the honey bee and other bee species, as well as other protected species. rare species animals and plants. Provides sustainable existence of the native population of honey bees in the conditions of wild habitation, wild-hive and apiary beekeeping. The territory is part of the Key Bird Area (IBA) of international importance "Belsko-Nugush interfluve".

Asebar - state natural zoological reserve, located in the basin of the river Beterya - a tributary of the river. Agidel (Belaya), 5 km southeast of the village of Novousmanovo, Burzyansky district.

Capercaillie and black grouse are protected in the reserve, many rare species of animals live: taimen, brook trout, spotted eagle, imperial eagle, golden eagle, gyrfalcon, peregrine falcon, short-toed eagle, eagle owl, common honey buzzard, garden dormouse, maral, etc. The flora of the reserve is also rich - noted 30 rare plant species, incl. feathery feather grass, beautiful feather grass, bulbous calypso, red pollenhead, real lady's slipper, etc.

Elanovsky - state natural zoological reserve

The central object is the floodplain lake B. Yelan in the Dyurtyulinsky district of the republic, surrounded by thickets of linden, willow, buckthorn, elm, and sedge. There are a lot of blackberries, wild roses, alders, buckthorns in Ureme, white svidina was found. Many species of birds and animals live in the reserve: elk, wild boar, roe deer, marten, mink, weasels, badgers, foxes, hares, etc. Nesting of mute and whooper swans, gray goose, gray heron, cranes, colonies of gulls has been noted. Until 1960, the Russian muskrat, brought from Tatarstan, lived here in significant numbers. Currently, traces of its habitation are recorded in hard-to-reach areas of overgrown lakes. Other rare species include pond frog, spotted eagle, golden eagle, oystercatcher, curlew, bittern, whooper swan, mute swan, scoter, greylag goose, big jerboa, otter.

Iksky - state zoological reserve in the eastern part of the Kugarchinsky district, between the rivers Big and Small Ik. A complex of hunting and commercial species of animals (elk, wild boar, roe deer, bear, lynx, badger, marten, capercaillie, black grouse, hazel grouse, woodcock, etc.) is protected in the reserve. Among the rare species of animals noted are the golden eagle, imperial eagle, greater spotted eagle, saker falcon, peregrine falcon, eagle owl, gray owl, roller, gray shrike, etc.

Ural-Tau - state natural landscape reserve. This is where the river starts. Belaya (Agidel) and its right upper tributaries - the Tygyn and Avnyar rivers, tributaries of the river. Yuryuzan - Tyulyuk and Ai rivers. To the east, from the Uraltau ridge, the river begins. Ural. All of them are the main objects of protection. Almost the entire territory of the reserve is covered with forests: mixed pine-birch, birch, less often larch and spruce fir. A reserve was organized in the Uchalinsky district of Bashkiria, in the upper reaches of the Belaya and Ural rivers.

Shaitan-Tau - state natural zoological reserve in the Khaibullinsky district. natural complex The reserve includes the Shaitantau mountain range, covered with oak forest-steppe, crossed by the river. Sakmara. The reserve protects species of hunting and fishing fauna and rare species of animals and plants: steppe stag, stag beetle, grayling, golden eagle, imperial eagle, steppe eagle, saker falcon, common marmot, common flying squirrel, steppe pika, etc.

Kungak - state natural zoological reserve located on the bend of the river. White, envelope hr. Kungak, whose northern border is located 5 km southeast of the city of Meleuz. In addition to hunting and fishing - elk, wild boar, badger, marten, mink, fox, beaver, muskrat, black grouse, woodcock, mallard, teal, rare species of animals and fish were noted: grayling, common sculpin, imperial eagle, white-tailed eagle, eagle owl, bog turtle, steppe viper, large jerboa, etc. The diverse flora also includes a number of rare plant species, incl. feather grass, Zalessky's feather grass, Russian hazel grouse, Litvinov's rank, low iris, Helm's astragalus, silver-leaved kopeck. On the territory of the reserve "Kungak" d.b.s. M.G. Migranov in 1990 captured and identified as a new species of Lepidoptera for science - Butlerov's Raspberry (Callophrys butlerovi Migranov).

Ishimbaysky - state natural zoological reserve. Elk, wild boar, roe deer, bear, fox, lynx, badger, marten, American mink, steppe polecat, weasel, weasel, river beaver, hares, capercaillie, black grouse, hazel grouse, woodcock, waterfowl are subject to protection here.

In total, about 60 species of mammals live in the lands of the reserve, of which 55 species are hunting animals, as well as over 190 species of birds.

Buninsky forest - state natural landscape reserve in the Belebeevsky forestry, 0.5 km north of the village. Parafeevka, 2 km southeast of the village. Dawn. Organized to protect watershed old-growth pine forests, linden forests and oak forests. The most valuable objects of the reserve are primary relict pine forests. Some of them have the status of a natural monument "Natural pine forests in the Belebeevsky forestry". Rare and endangered species of plants grow on the territory of the reserve: two-eared ephedra, pinnate feather grass, Ural flax, Hippolyta arthropod, Ural capitula, speckled marrow.

The animal population has not been specially studied. In general, the fauna of the reserve is typical for the broad-leaved forests of the Bugulma-Belebeevskaya Upland.

The reserve has scientific, reforestation, resource, reference and water protection significance.

Birsky - state natural zoological reserve. on a section of the undulating plain of the right bank of the Belaya River and part of the crested-hollow floodplain of the right-bank bend of the river, 2.8 km south-south-east of the village. Novoeldyakovo, about 6 km northwest of Birsk. The objects of protection are elk, wild boar and roe deer, beaver, muskrat, American mink live near the reservoirs. Variety of predators.