General base(General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation) - a unit commanding the troops of the Russian Federation. He also plans actions to protect the country from external invasion, establishes a hierarchy of military units and performs other duties that are provided for this body by the Council of the Ministry of Defense.

The General Staff of the RF Armed Forces is federal body and reports directly to the Department of Defense. main task units are considered to be the protection of the borders of the state and intelligence activities.

The history of the creation and reforms of the headquarters

The Ministry of Defense emerged a year after the collapse of the USSR. It used the standards and part of the resources of the USSR Ministry of Defense. By decree of the Ministry, the General Staff was formed. However, the day of the formation of the modern General Staff is not marked as a holiday.

The official holiday of the employees of the General Staff is associated with an event from a long history, when Catherine II founded the first General Staff in Russia on January 14 (old style), 1763. By order of the Minister of Defense dated January 30, 2002, this day is celebrated on January 25 every year.

In 2004, a reform was carried out within the ministry, as a result of which functions (administrative, economic) that did not correspond to its tasks were removed from the General Staff.

The military conflict with Georgia in 2008 accelerated the reform of the Russian Armed Forces, its goal was to optimize management. As part of the reform, two basic sets of tasks within the ministry were identified:

1. Planning for the use and construction of aircraft.
2. Economic and strategic calculations for the provision of military units.

A clear delineation of the administrative responsibility of the parts of the General Staff was carried out:

1. Training activity, training of fighters is the lot of the main command of the troops.
2. Operational work is the prerogative of the General Staff and the unified strategic commands.

The reform made it possible to save the General Staff from side functions that were performed by other bodies. The General Staff became an exclusively strategic body aimed at solving military problems. A prime example such a task is .

The Chief of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces acts as Deputy Chief of the Ministry of Defense. Since 2012, Gerasimov V.V. This is the eighth chief since the formation of the modern General Staff. The NHS has a deputy, appointed in 2014 - Bogdanovsky N.V.

Structure and tasks

After the reform, the headquarters had 12 tasks left. The range of functions specified as a result of the reforms can be briefly formulated as follows:

• aircraft use planning;
• organizing the training of military forces;
• managing the creation of units;
• ensuring regular viewing and training campaigns;
• mobilization of troops;
• analysis of the situation in emergency departments of the army, ensuring security in these units;
• intelligence activities;
• ensuring communications between different types of troops;
• coordination of the use of radio communications;
• creation of radio and electronic obstacles in a situation of active hostilities;
• training of personnel with the function of protecting state secrets;
• conducting scientific research with a military orientation (creation of scientific research institutes and financing of military scientific projects).

All functions lie in 14 departments, which include centers, administrations and services. There are four main departments:

• Main operational;
• 2 Main;
• The main thing on mobilization;
• Communication main.

There are also lower departments with practical tasks:

• department of opposition to electronic communications;
• military topography;
• eighth division;
• operational and preparatory;
• construction and development of UAVs.

The Eighth Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is a unit for collecting information for the Ministry of Defense necessary to solve the current tasks of the control of the country's Armed Forces.

Interestingly, the 8th Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation has its own insignia "For Merit", which is awarded to the personnel of this unit for reasonable initiative, diligence and excellent service. Persons involved who have assisted the work of the administration are also awarded, these may be military figures of other structures or civilians.

The headquarters system also includes a research center, the National Defense Center, an operational (special) unit, a personal archive, an automobile and motorcycle base.

GOU, tasks and command

The Main Operational Directorate of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces is planning operations different levels. In 2013 V.V. Putin approved the system of defense of our state, including a complete set of papers on the defense of the Russian Federation. The GOU was given the task of developing documentation support for the defensive program, ensuring the organization of units and the mobilization of troops in the event of a military threat.

Other tasks of the GOU:

• search for military risk factors for the state (including the collection and analysis of intelligence information);
• military construction planning;
• development of strategic and operational plans for the use of the armed forces;
• management of operational departments at any time (military and peaceful);
• ensuring communications between the army and federal bodies;
• anti-terrorist activities, including monitoring and support;
• examination preparatory activities RF;
• ensuring international military cooperation
• initiatives under the State Armament Program (military development of weapons and equipment).

After the collapse of the USSR, nine heads of department were replaced. The current head of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation S.F. Rudskoy has been in office since February 2017.

VAGSH of the Russian military forces

The structure of the General Staff includes the Military Academy. This educational institution designed for personnel training and retraining of officers. VAGSh trains specialists to provide protective military units. Academy graduates get places in the Ministry of Defense, the General Staff, intelligence, secret units.

Army vertical of power

The army is an organization with a strictly regulated control system. All military personnel of all military units and institutions, regardless of any local conditions, desires or opinions of higher leaders, have precisely and strictly defined duties and job titles in the relevant legislative documents (charters, manuals). Moreover, all this was established by the Minister of Defense, and not a single subordinate chief has the right to change anything here.

In the same documents, it is precisely defined - to whom and to what extent this official is subordinate, and who and to what extent is subordinate to him; what rights this or that chief is endowed with respect to subordinates.

In the language of modern "democratic" Russia, the army has a well-ordered vertical of power.

Power in the army is impersonal; there cannot be such a situation in the army when, due to the absence of one or another official(vacation, illness, business trip, etc.) this range of duties is not performed by anyone or is postponed until the employee returns, and no one is responsible for the state of affairs in this area of ​​work.
For the majority of leadership positions, there are deputies who automatically take the place of their boss in his absence, even for a short time, bearing full responsibility and using the full power of their boss.
For those positions for which there is no full-time deputy, the charter provides that the performance of duties in the absence of the chief is assigned automatically to his closest subordinate, and so on down the chain.

Figuratively speaking, even when only one soldier and one corporal survive from the entire regiment, the latter is considered the commander of the regiment with all his rights and duties in relation to a single soldier.

It is impossible to describe the entire vertical of power in the army within the framework of one article or even a whole series of articles due to the complexity and diversity of the army structure.

In this article, the army vertical of power is described at the level of a motorized rifle (tank) regiment. Approximately the same vertical exists on more high levels(division, corps, army, front), of course, with its own characteristics, due to a wider range of tasks solved by a division, corps, army, front than by a regiment.

This scheme was drawn up on the basis of the Charter of the internal service of the Armed Forces of the USSR, the states of motorized rifle (tank) regiments. It is somewhat simplified and brought only to the level of battalions and companies. But in this way it is easier for a person who did not serve in the army or served as a soldier to understand the system of subordination.

The division of the scheme into levels is purely conditional, introduced by the author to facilitate understanding of its essence. The location of the rectangles (positions) within each level is not in the same horizontal line, but in steps, not done by chance. It reflects the degree of importance of this official in his level.

The level itself indicates the staff ranks of the positions at that level. Level 0 is colonel, levels 1,2 and 3 are lieutenant colonels, level 4 majors, level 5 captains, level 6 senior lieutenants and lieutenants, levels below are ensigns, sergeants and soldiers.

The author, for obvious reasons, was forced to give the names of the positions in the scheme in abbreviated form. Here is the decryption:
* head of air defense - head of the regiment's air defense;
* early artillery - chief of artillery of the regiment;
* ZKT - deputy regiment commander for logistics;
* deputy commander - first deputy regiment commander;
* chief of staff - chief of staff of the regiment;
* ZKHR - deputy regiment commander for political affairs;
* ZKV - deputy commander of the regiment for armaments;
* com ZADN - commander of the anti-aircraft missile division;
* com ADN - commander of the artillery battalion;
* Kom MSB - commanders of motorized rifle battalions;
*kom TB - commanders of tank battalions;
* NIS - head of the engineering service of the regiment;
* NHS - head of the chemical service of the regiment;
* NMS - head of the medical service of the regiment;

* partor - secretary of the regimental committee communist party;
* prop - propagandist of the regiment;
*НР - head of intelligence of the regiment;
* NS - chief of communications of the regiment;
*Dir - conductor of the regimental orchestra;
*ZNSh - deputy chief of staff of the regiment;
* PNSh - assistant chief of staff of the regiment;
*NFPiS - head of physical training and sports of the regiment;
* US - head of the automotive service of the regiment;
* NRAV - head of the regiment's rocket and artillery weapons service;
* NBTS - head of the armored service of the regiment;
* ZKB - deputy battalion commander;
* ZKD - deputy division commander;
*NShB - chief of staff of the battalion;
*NShD - chief of staff of the division;
* ZKBT - deputy battalion commander for logistics;
* ZKDT - deputy commander of the rear division;
* ZKBV - deputy battalion commander for armaments;
*ZKDV - deputy division commander for armaments;
* ZKBHR - deputy battalion commander for political affairs;
* ZKDPHR - deputy division commander for political affairs;
* KRMO - commander of a material support company;
* NGSM - head of the regiment's fuel and lubricants supply service;
* NPFS - head of the food and feed supply service of the regiment;
* NVS - head of the clothing supply service of the regiment;
* NKES - head of the housing and maintenance service of the regiment;
* NFS - head of the financial service of the regiment;
* com bat - battery commander;
* com mouth - company commander;
* NMP - head of the regimental medical center;
*NKLB - head of the regimental club;
* KRR - commander of a reconnaissance company;
*KRS - communications company commander;
* KISR - commander of an engineering company;
* Komsomol organizer - secretary of the regimental organization of the communist youth union (VLKSM);
* KREMR - commander of a repair company;
* KVHZ - commander of a chemical protection platoon.

By the way - pay attention to the place in this hierarchy of the chief of intelligence of the regiment. If the chief of engineering, chemical, financial, medical services and even the conductor of the orchestra are directly subordinate to the regiment commander, then the chief of intelligence is only to the chief of staff of the regiment, i.e. his official position is lower than these chiefs. Even a propagandist and party organizer are of greater importance than a scout.
Exactly the same position was occupied by scouts in the structure of a division, corps, army, district (front). This is me as an illustration to the book by V. Suvorov "Aquarium".

It should also be noted that this diagram shows only a straight line of military power. In addition to it, there are auxiliary, additional verticals.

For example, the regimental commander is the body of inquiry, i.e. he has the right to initiate criminal proceedings against all personnel of the regiment, to conduct an investigation and to refer criminal cases to a military tribunal. For the direct performance of the tasks of the investigation, the regiment has five positions of military interrogators and one position of a senior military interrogator. However, the duties of military interrogators are assigned by the regimental commander to six senior officers (from a major and above) of the regiment. Those. these officers perform two positions - their own in the state and additionally as a military interrogator. These interrogating officers report to the senior interrogating officer, and he, in turn, directly to the regiment commander, regardless of his state subordination. For example, the chief of staff of the artillery battalion was appointed senior military interrogator, and the head of the regiment's air defense was appointed one of the interrogators. According to this legal line, the air defense chief of the regiment is subordinate to the chief of staff of the artillery battalion, and he is directly subordinate to the regiment commander.

Second example. The positions of secretaries of party organizations in battalion party organizations, company party organizations are also additional positions performed by officers or ensigns in parallel with their main ones. On this party line, they all report to the secretary of the regiment's party organization.

Third example. Each company has a medical instructor, the battalion, division has a medical center. These servicemen are subordinate respectively to the commanders of their companies, the commanders of their battalions. But on medical issues, they, in addition, report to the head of the medical service of the regiment.

Fourth example. The battalion commander in his official position is higher than the head of the chemical service of the regiment, but on issues of chemical property, training personnel in defense against weapons mass destruction, according to the measures of this protection, the instructions of the head of the chem. regiment for the battalion commander are required.

Fifth example. The commander of one of the tank companies has an additional position of chairman of the financial and auditing commission. Although the head of the financial service of the regiment, in his official position, is higher than the company commander, however, in the field of checking the finances of the regiment, he is subordinate to this company commander.

Sixth example. All military personnel of the regiment, including deputy commanders of the regiment, are obliged to follow the orders of the head of physical training and sports of the regiment in the field of their personal physical training and their subordinates. Figuratively speaking, at the stadium, sports ground, the captain can also order the lieutenant colonel.

There are still quite a few such additional verticals of power in the regiment. It is impossible to list them within the framework of this article.

Sources and literature.

1. The staff of the motorized rifle regiment No. 12 / ХХХХ.
2. The staff of the tank regiment No. 12 / ХХХХ - A
3. Charter of the Internal Service of the USSR Armed Forces (Approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Armed Forces of July 30, 1975). Military publishing house. Moscow. 1975
4.B. Suvorov. Aquarium. AST. Moscow. 1995
5.Combat Charter Ground Forces USSR Armed Forces (division-brigade-regiment). Military publishing. Moscow. 1980

Valery Gerasimov was born on September 8, 1955 in the city of Kazan, Tatarstan. Grew up in a family of workers. Graduated from Kazan Suvorov military school with honors, Kazan Higher Tank Command School named after the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic with a gold medal, Marshal Military Academy of Armored Forces Soviet Union R.Ya.Malinovsky with honors, Military Academy of the General Staff Armed Forces RF.

He served as a platoon commander, company commander, chief of staff, battalion in the 80th Tank Regiment of the 90th Guards tank division. Northern Group of Forces in Poland, chief of staff of a battalion in the Far Eastern Military District, chief of staff - deputy commander of a tank regiment, commander of a tank regiment, chief of staff - deputy commander and commander of a guards motorized rifle division in the Baltic Military District and the North-Western Group of Forces. In August 1994, he led the withdrawal of the division to the Moscow Military District. Since 1995 - studying at the academy.

From 1997 he served as 1st Deputy Commander of the 1st Guards Tank Army in the Moscow Military District, Deputy Commander, from February 1998 Chief of Staff, and from February 2001 Commander of the 58th Combined Arms Army in the North Caucasus Military District. He served as chief of staff of the Far Eastern Military District from March 2003, from April 2005 - head of the Main Directorate of Combat Training and Service of the Armed Forces. In December 2006, he assumed the post of Chief of Staff of the North Caucasus Military District.

After the resignation of Anatoly Serdyukov from the post of Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation on November 9, 2012 new minister Defense S. K. Shoigu presented to Russian President Vladimir Putin the candidacy of Valery Gerasimov for the post of Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation - First Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.

In 2012, on November 9, he was appointed by the President of Russia Vladimir Putin to the post of Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation - First Deputy Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.

Since November 13, 2012, he has been a member of the Security Council of the Russian Federation. During the absence of Defense Minister General of the Army Sergei Shoigu, General of the Army Valery Gerasimov is the Acting Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation.

In January 2013, he spoke to the general meeting of the Academy of Military Sciences with a report on the topic "The main trends in the development of forms and methods of using the Armed Forces, the urgent tasks of military science to improve them"

Army General Valery Gerasimov is Chairman of the Interdepartmental Commission on State Prize named after Marshal G.K. Zhukov.

The organizer of the Russian military operation in Syria, launched in September 2015. For courage and heroism shown in the performance of military duty, in May 2016, by a closed decree of the President of Russia, Valery Vasilyevich Gerasimov was awarded the highest state award-Hero of the Russian Federation.

Military ranks of Valery Gerasimov

Lieutenant (1977)
Senior Lieutenant (1979)
Captain (1981)
Major (1984)
Lieutenant Colonel (1987)
Colonel (1992)
Guard Major General (August 1994)
lieutenant general (February 2002).
colonel general (February 22, 2005).
army general (February 20, 2013)

Awards Valery Gerasimov

USSR and Russia
Hero of the Russian Federation (2016)
Order of St. George III degree (2017)
Order of St. George IV degree
Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" III degree with swords (2014)
Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" IV degree with swords
Order of Military Merit
Order of Honor
Order "For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" III degree
Medal "For Military Merit"
Medal "In memory of the 1000th anniversary of Kazan"
Medal "60 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"
Medal "70 Years of the Armed Forces of the USSR"
Medal "For Combat Distinction"
Medal "For military valor" 1st class
Medal "For Strengthening the Combat Commonwealth"
Medal "200 years of the Ministry of Defense"
Medal "For Distinction in military service» 1st degree
Medal "For Impeccable Service" 2nd class
Medal "For Impeccable Service" 3rd class
Medal "For participation in the military parade on Victory Day"
Medal "For the Return of Crimea"
Medal "For strengthening the state system of information protection" 1st degree
Medal "For merit in providing national security»
Medal "For Commonwealth in the Name of Salvation"
Honored Military Specialist of the Russian Federation (2009)
Foreign awards
Order of Friendship of Peoples (Republic of Belarus, 2010)
Order of the Army of Nicaragua (Nicaragua, 2013)
Medal "For merits in the field of military cooperation" (Azerbaijan, 2014).
Medal "Marshal Baghramyan" (Armenian Armed Forces, 2015)
Public awards
Imperial Military Order of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker