Interstate Aviation. Interstate Aviation Committee. Carrying out certification of production of aviation equipment

Almost a detective story! And, it seems, with the continuation ... In November 2015, the government of the Russian Federation decided to redistribute the functions of the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC) between the Ministry of Transport, the Federal Air Transport Agency and the Ministry of Industry and Trade.

According to this decision, the functions of determining the procedure for certification of international and commercial airports, types of aircraft and a number of other important aviation systems were transferred to the Ministry of Transport. The process of certification and verification of certification requirements should be carried out by specialists from the Federal Air Transport Agency. The Ministry of Industry and Trade received the authority to certify enterprises related to the production of aircraft. And an incomprehensible fuss began.

The pressure on the IAC began when, as part of the development of the Federal Law-253 of July 21, 2014, amendments were made to Art. 8 of the Air Code of the Russian Federation in terms of empowering the Federal Air Transport Agency to issue permits to developers and manufacturers of civil aircraft.

Without logic

Since the initiators of the changes did not imagine how the “innovations” would start working in practice, with the adoption of this law, the previously existing government documents, according to which the MAK performed the functions of an authorized body for certification of developers and manufacturers in the Russian Federation, were not canceled or changed. And the Aviation Register of the IAC continued to work in all directions. The final start to the previously adopted decisions was given in November 2015.

According to aviation experts, the situation unfolding around the IAC has no logic. After all, the entire contractual base with EASA, FAA and ICAO hangs on it. When transferring the functions of the Federal Air Transport Agency, all of it "flies", not only in Russia, but throughout the entire aviation space former USSR. The IAC is the regulator of the entire post-Soviet space and acts on behalf of all former parts of the Union in the external aviation sector. Even Ukraine, which, in defiance of Russia (by the way, it was under Viktor Yanukovych) introduced its own register system, then, having come to its senses, did not begin to break ties with the IAC. Having started the process of creating a national register, she ran into the impossibility of creating an external contractual and legal base in the global aviation space, which the IAC has.

Drawn certificates

At the end of 2015, the head of the government of the Russian Federation, Dmitry Medvedev, made the final decision on the actual liquidation of this institution. It should be noted that Mr. Medvedev has long disliked MAK. After the crash of the Yak-42 aircraft in Yaroslavl, it can be said that Medvedev stopped the operation of this type of aircraft. POPPY considers: the equipment was in order, but there are questions about the work of the Federal Air Transport Agency. I remember that then the testing of flight schools began, they caught someone on fictitious diplomas and false certificates. But the matter was hushed up.

In connection with this disaster, Alexander Neradko, head of the Federal Air Transport Agency, supported by the Ministry of Industry and Trade, launched an attack on the MAK. Minister Denis Manturov has his own interest. He repeatedly tried to push through the IAC the issuance of a developer and manufacturer certificate for the Russian Helicopters JSC (VR) he created. And I regularly received an answer: for certification in accordance with AP-21, it is required to prepare Required documents(including real material production). But BP is a bureaucratic superstructure of about 800 people. She is an ordinary shareholder of a number of helicopter assets, each of which has its own production certificates.

and / or the development of aviation technology, does not have on its balance sheet. After several attempts to persuade the leadership of the MAC, Manturov, apparently, began to “draw” certificates from the Ministry of Industry and Trade himself. But it’s just that no one outside of Russia still recognizes them. However, this does not prevent companies from selling them at a reasonable price, receiving fees for "certification".

What will destruction lead to?

The interest in the “overclocking” of the MAK was also federal Service for Military-Technical Cooperation (FSVTS), which, together with BP, came up with its own system of external "military certification" of repair enterprises. Although it seems that this is a completely illegal act, since in other countries military trade and repair services are regulated in the same way as in the Russian Federation, at the level of special national regulators.

Thus, it turns out that the group of persons interested in the liquidation of the IAC is Denis Manturov (Minister of Industry and Trade), the leadership of the FSMTC and Alexander Neradko (Rosaviatsiya), and headed it on behalf of Dmitry Medvedev Arkady Dvorkovich. This group organized the “collision” with the MAK.

Undoubtedly, in many areas there are questions about the activities of the IAC and its leader, Tatyana Anodina. But this cannot be the reason for the destruction of the whole interstate institution, on which the entire contractual base on aviation issues rests. The destruction of the MAK will entail the collapse of the entire external contractual base, not only for the Russian Federation, but also for the countries of the former USSR.

The Ministry of Industry and Trade switched the arrows

Against the backdrop of striving Russian authorities to integrate the states of the former Soviet Union into a single system, the collapse of the IAC (a ready-made integrator of the aviation space) looks like the absence of any elementary state logic.

The Ministry of Industry and Trade, having faced big problems in matters of reorganization, has already switched the arrows to the Federal Air Transport Agency. And Russia sent out official notification notes that the functions of the IAC are being transferred to the Federal Air Transport Agency. But not a single one received a positive response.

The organizers of the destruction of the MAK did not attach importance to the fact that aviation security issues are not regulated by notification. There is a bilateral principle of recognition of qualifications and other attributes of this direction.

The US and the EU have aligned their positions for eight years, and this is with a completely favorable attitude. No one knows how many Alexander Neradko will join them in the current conditions of Russia's confrontation with the West.

To create a contractual framework with EASA, it is necessary to sign an intergovernmental agreement with the European Commission. But this a big problem, because if at least one EU state is against it, then Russia will not see such an agreement.

And before it's too late, this process must be urgently stopped. Since the decision to transfer to federal authorities executive power The Russian Federation of the functions previously performed by the IAC was not organized the proper execution of the powers assigned to the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Industry and Trade and the Federal Air Transport Agency in accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 28, 2015 No. 1283.

In the zone high risk

The Russian aviation industry is at high risk of zeroing the export potential for civil aviation products (SSJ, MS-21 programs, Mi-172, Mi-171A1, Ka-32A11BC helicopters, etc.) at least throughout the entire period of work on recognition new system certification. Considering that in modern world exists high level competition in the aviation sector, it can be assumed that the reformatting of aviation regulation will be used by external competitors both in the global market and to obtain preferences within Russia in exchange for even partial recognition of the new certification system.

To get out of this situation, it would be useful to cancel earlier decisions made and return to the already created system based on the IAC, carry out a change of leadership within the framework of Russian law in this organization. And also to convene the Council on Aviation and the Use of Airspace. Approve a new candidate for the post of chairman. Adopt updated rules of procedure for the work of the Council. But the professional competence of the new leader must be recognized by ICAO and other international aviation structures. Lawyers and effective managers” will not be accepted there.

Interstate aviation committee(MAC) is the executive body of 11 states of the former USSR (the Commonwealth Independent States) on the functions and powers delegated by the states in the field civil aviation and use of airspace.

The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) is an agency European Union on the regulation and execution of tasks in the field of civil aviation security.

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is the central authority government controlled USA in the field of civil aviation.

The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that establishes international norms civil aviation and coordinating its development in order to improve safety and efficiency.

Federal Service for Military-Technical Cooperation (FSVTS of Russia) - federal agency executive power of Russia, exercising, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, control and supervision in the field of military-technical cooperation.

The Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC) was established on a contractual basis on December 30, 1991. It is included in the ICAO Register of International Intergovernmental Organizations and registered in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).

IAC is an intergovernmental organization sovereign states region of Eastern Europe who joined the Agreement on Civil Aviation and on the Use of Airspace, which was signed in Minsk (Republic of Belarus). As of the end

2005, 12 states are parties to the Agreement: the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Georgia, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Moldova, Russian Federation, Republic of Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Republic of Uzbekistan and Ukraine. Two states - the Republic of Latvia and the Republic of Estonia - have the status of observers.

In accordance with the powers delegated by the founding states, the IAC is designed to serve the achievement of the goals of a unified policy and coordination of activities in the field of airspace use, airspace management air traffic certification of aircraft, airfields and equipment, investigation of aviation accidents, ensuring the unification of the Aviation Rules systems, development of a coordinated policy in the field of air transport, coordination of development and implementation of interstate scientific and technical programs. Since the degree of delegation of powers of the IAC by the founding states is not the same, the nature of their participation in the activities of the IAC has significant differences.

The main activities of the MAC are:

development and formation of the structure of unified Aviation rules and procedures in the field of civil aviation and the use of airspace in the CIS region, as well as their harmonization with the Aviation Rules recognized by the World Aviation Community;

creation and maintenance of the unified certification system for aviation equipment and its production, its harmonization with other international systems;

preservation for the CIS member states of a professional independent body for the investigation of aviation accidents, which ensures an objective investigation of aviation accidents not only in the territories of the Commonwealth states, but also beyond their borders;

protection for the CIS countries of the air transport services market through interstate agreements and agreed regulations in the field of tariffs and mutual settlements;

coordination of interaction between authorities in emergency situations and in zones of local military conflicts on the territory of the states-participants of the Agreement;

the fight against unlawful interference in the activities of civil aviation;

development international cooperation with the states and international organizations of civil aviation in order to integrate the states-participants of the Agreement into the world aviation community.

Established on the basis of the intergovernmental "Agreement on Civil Aviation and the Use of Airspace" signed in December 1991. In accordance with Article 8 of this agreement, the IAC is the executive body that ensures the implementation of the decisions of the Council on Aviation and the Use of Airspace, created by the agreement as an international governmental organization. Sessions of the Council are held at least once a quarter, and the drafts of their program and agenda are presented by the Chairman of the IAC and approved by the Council. The Chairman of the IAC is appointed by a resolution of the Council of Heads of State - members of the Economic Community (since 1991 this position has been occupied by T. G. Anodina).

For a long time, the IAC, as the successor of the Soviet Commissions for the use of airspace, air traffic control and state supervision of aircraft flight safety (in terms of functions agreed by the CIS states), dealt with a wide range of certification issues in civil aviation and investigation of aviation accidents in the interests of sponsor states . Regarding the legal status of the IAC, there is different opinions, a number of lawyers believe that MAC is not a subject international law and cannot independently exercise any powers of authority, especially state functions of the Russian Federation or another CIS state. At the same time, the IAC, as the executive body of an international governmental organization, and its employees, who are international personnel, cannot be held responsible for improper performance their functions before the authorities state power Russian Federation or another CIS state.

Although the certification powers of the IAC on the territory of Russia expired in December 2015, the IAC AR continues to issue type certificates for interested CIS states. However, since 2015, the main task of the IAC is to conduct investigations of aviation accidents with civil aviation aircraft (in

Chairman of the Interstate Aviation Committee

Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor (since 1981), Laureate State Prizes, Honored Scientist, holder of the highest orders of Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, etc. According to the legislation of Russia, he has the rank of Federal Minister.

She passed all scientific positions from junior researcher to Director of the head research institute in the field of air navigation, which she headed for 20 years. For more than 10 years she headed the Main Scientific and Technical Department of the Ministry. For many years he has held various scientific and administrative positions of the highest rank. Carried out teaching activities. Currently, he collaborates with the Department of International Law of MGIMO.

Initiator of creation and since 1991, by decision of the Heads of State, Chairman of the Interstate Aviation Committee.

Head of the creation of a system of independent investigation of aviation accidents and international system certification of aviation equipment and airfields, fully harmonized with European and American.
MAC - the first regional organization in the field of independent investigation and certification, the legal principles and experience of which served as the basis for the creation similar organizations in the European Union (in 2002), Latin America and other regions of the world. In 2010, this principle is enshrined in the standards of Annex 13 to the Chicago Convention of ICAO.

IAC has been a member for 10 years international organization ITSA Independent Investigation Bodies (total includes 17 organizations).

With the direct participation of T. Anodina, new aircraft were created and certified, including within the framework of international projects: Il-86, Il-96, Il-114, An-124, An-70, An-140/148, Ka- 32, Tu‑204, RRJ and others.

Under her scientific leadership, the first automated air traffic control, navigation and aircraft landing systems were developed, which are operated in more than 100 airfields and control centers.
The initiator of the entry of the USSR into ICAO (190 countries of the world) and the transition to international standards in the field of air navigation and technical means of equipping airfields and airways. She was a member of the ICAO specialized committee on the strategy of future air navigation systems based on the use of a global satellite navigation system, which included representatives of 5 states - the USA, France, Australia, Japan, the USSR.

As part of this strategy adopted by ICAO for international civil aviation, an agreement was reached on the recognition of the GLONASS system as part of the global satellite system (along with GPS). The results of this work were recognized as a world scientific achievement. In 1997, T. Anodina was awarded the Highest International Prize in the field of aviation - the E. Warner Prize, as a world-famous scientist, major researcher and organizer of the creation and implementation of national, regional and global satellite technologies for civil use. Since 1959, 31 people have been awarded this Prize.

Over the 20 years of its activity, the IAC has investigated 536 aviation accidents in 76 countries of the world. 134 types of aircraft manufactured in Russia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, USA, Canada, Europe, Brazil, etc. were certified. 80 international airfields, 516 types of airfield equipment of Russian and foreign production were certified.