Mack Aviation Committee. Who and how divides the functions of the Interstate Aviation Committee? Main activities of the Committee

People who regularly follow news, especially related to the topic of aviation transportation, such as plane crashes, periodically come across the abbreviation indicated by the letters MAK. Many people do not know that this abbreviation stands for “International aviation committee", also called interstate.

A special department was created to monitor order in any industry related to the activities of air transport. The organization cooperates with ICAO, which oversees civil aviation, and fulfills an important mission.

At the end of 1991, a special Agreement was concluded between twelve countries of the planet, designed to ensure maximum safety and efficiency for aircraft performing civil air transportation.

This document spells out many nuances affecting the features of development passenger transportation, and since compliance with the adopted rules requires control, it was decided to create a departmental body - the Interstate Organization for Aviation Affairs. The official website of the International Aviation Committee talks about the activities of the institution:

• development of rules according to which flights are carried out;
• the procedure for the creation and operation of aircraft;
• system for issuing certificates and permits for the use of aviation equipment;
• aircraft airworthiness standards;
• assessment of the condition of airfields, awarding them certain categories;
• participation as an independent expert in determining the causes of crashes and emergencies related to civil aviation;
• organization general order use of airspace, coordination and management of the development of passenger air transportation.

Just six months later, the Committee was included in the list of bodies with international status, that is, influencing certain sectors of many world states. A huge amount of work was done for this, because all norms proposed for adoption were necessarily checked for compliance with the legislation of the countries that have acceded to the Agreement. However, in the end, consensus was reached. The list of participants today looks like this:

• The Republic of Azerbaijan;
• Republic of Armenia;
• Belarus;
• Kazakhstan;
• Republic of Kyrgyzstan;
• Republic of Moldova;
• Russian Federation;
• Turkmenistan;
• Ukraine (there are references to the withdrawal of the state from the Committee, however, there is currently no official confirmation);
• The Republic of Tajikistan;
• The Republic of Uzbekistan.

The head office of the organization is located in the capital of Russia, with representative offices located in states that have joined the IAC.

Naturally, a very long article could be written about the work of the International Aviation Committee, since the number of countries and the vast territory they occupy determines an extremely wide field of activity. The actions of the IAC members are carried out with the full legislative support of the leadership of the countries that are members of the Committee.

The powers vested in the organization are confirmed by official decrees, resolutions and other documents adopted in the territory of a particular country. Basically, society representatives deal with the following items:

1. Issuance of certificates and permits for the manufacture of aircraft and their technical components. To ensure safety for passengers during flights and long service life for aircraft, standards have been prepared in accordance with which certification is carried out in a stepwise manner. The basis was global and European standards, that is, this procedure is carried out adapted to global standards. Enterprises that have passed the inspection receive a certificate, the validity of which extends, in addition to the participating countries, to the following states:

• USA;
• Indonesia;
• Canada;
• Egypt;
• India;
• Brazil;
• members of the European Union;
• China;
• Republic of South Africa;
• Iran;
• Mexico and some other countries.

2. Assessment of take-off and landing areas, their structure and functioning, assignment of categories and certification. According to accepted standards, after the permission of a commission organized by the Committee, airfields of partner countries have the right to receive and dispatch aircraft, as well as, if necessary, carry out maintenance of airliners.

3. Analysis of situations requiring verification by independent experts. Aircraft crashes and emergencies periodically occur with aircraft of many countries on the planet, including emergency situations with aircraft of countries that are members of the Interstate Air Force. The International Aviation Committee investigates the causes of problems that have arisen on the territory of any country if the airliner belongs to a jurisdictional area.

4. IAC specialists are also involved in increasing demand for passenger air transportation, increasing the competitiveness of controlled airlines. In particular, the following actions are being taken in this area:

• improving the qualifications of service personnel;
• tracking pricing and marketing policies;
• facilitating operations related to customs inspections;
• development and improvement medical care at airports and on board aircraft;
• effective anti-terrorism activities;
• providing the opportunity to carry out procedures related to flights through Internet resources.

The official website of the International Aviation Committee states that the association successfully cooperates with the world well-known organizations engaged in similar activities, and has several signed agreements developed by IAC specialists.

After more than two decades of hard work and successful activity, the powers of the organization were practically eliminated by order of the leadership of the Russian Federation. In 2015, the Ministry of Transport of Russia and Federal agency air transport. However, the Committee has not been abolished, and some activity still remains.

The problem did not arise out of nowhere. The reason for the distrust in the results of the IAC’s work was the results of some accidents that occurred with the airliners of the countries participating in the Agreement. After several similar investigations, the rights and responsibilities of the alliance were limited, and most of them were transferred to the Federal Air Transport Agency and the Ministry of Transport. It all started in 1997, when a plane flying from Irkutsk to Phan Rang crashed in a residential part of one of the cities.

The disaster was caused by the cessation of operation of most of the engines; three stopped functioning, and there were four in total. Committee experts stated that the pilot made a mistake, which, coupled with the overcrowding of the airliner, led to the crash of the aircraft. However, given that the issuance of the operating permit was also carried out by employees of the International Aviation Committee, it was decided to involve additional independent experts in the work. After an inspection, they identified irregularities in the operation of the failed engines.

Four years later, a tragedy occurred in Crimea, where Russian and Ukrainian military training was taking place. air force. A missile fired by the Ukrainians shot down an S7 Airlines airliner. Employees of the aviation committee clearly decided the issue not in favor of the Ukrainian military, but the Kiev judicial authority considered the arguments provided insufficient for a positive decision on material compensation. On this moment the situation has still not been resolved, since neither party admits guilt in what happened.

In 2006, an airliner belonging to the Armenian air carrier Armavia crashed into the sea along with all its passengers. There were no survivors from the crash. According to IAC experts, the pilots took certain steps that served as an impetus for the plane crash, while the necessary actions were not taken, apparently in a state of panic. An independent investigation carried out at the same time revealed that the Committee’s conclusion did not contain data on the presence at the arrival aerodrome of equipment that would facilitate landing in difficult conditions. weather conditions, and its proper operation.

In 2010, there was a loud air accident over Smolensk. A plane carrying nearly a hundred passengers, flying from Warsaw and carrying members of the governments of several countries on board, crashed. Naturally, the analysis of the emergency incident was carried out by both members of the IAC and foreign organizations, whose experts came to the conclusion that the runway at the arrival airport was in poor condition, which was the cause of the crash. However, the Committee's specialists considered that the pilots who flew the plane had low level preparation and made a number of mistakes during landing.

As a result, the accumulated precedents became so numerous that the International Aviation Committee was forced to suspend its activities. In addition to the suspicion of falsifying the results of accidents that occurred in the air, senior management showed dissatisfaction with the too long processing times.

Some cases have been pending for years. In addition, MAC participants, protected by diplomatic status, avoided punishment even for obvious mistakes made during various procedures.

IAC suspended the Boeing 737 type certificate in Russia

The Interstate Aviation Committee is a supranational executive body responsible for flight safety in the field of civil aviation in the Commonwealth countries Independent States(CIS).

Established on the basis of a resolution of the Council of Heads of Government of member states of the Economic Community dated December 6, 1991 and the intergovernmental Agreement on Civil Aviation and the Use of Airspace, signed on December 30, 1991. The Committee is the legal successor of a number of commissions of the USSR Ministry of Civil Aviation.

Story

All republics are currently members of the Agreement former USSR, with the exception of the Baltic states and Georgia, there are only 11 states: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, the Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Ukraine. Georgia withdrew from the Agreement simultaneously with the termination of its membership in the CIS in 2009.

Initially, the committee was authorized to develop and coordinate policies in the field of international air services, air transportation safety, aviation tariffs and fees, interstate air traffic schedules, certification of aircraft, airlines, and airfields. He was also tasked with investigating all aviation accidents involving aircraft of the CIS member states and on their territory and maintaining a general aviation register.

According to the Agreement on Civil Aviation and the Use of Airspace, the IAC is the body that ensures the work of the Council on Aviation and the Use of Airspace from authorized representatives Contracting States created under this Agreement and operating on the principles of consensus.

In 1992-1997 The MAK, by a number of resolutions, was equated to federal body executive power in terms of certification and investigation of aircraft accidents in Russia.

In the late 1990s - early 2000s. certification functions for airlines, individual aircraft, training centers switched from MAC to government agencies aviation supervision participating countries Agreements (in Russia, such a body is currently the Federal Air Transport Agency, Rosaviatsia).

Activity

The main function of the IAC is to issue aircraft type certificates, airport certificates, develop recommendations and regulations, and investigate aircraft accidents. Over the 25 years of the committee's work, over 200 plane crashes were investigated. Based on the results of the investigations, over 260 recommendations were made aimed at improving flight safety.

In 2001, the IAC signed a memorandum of understanding with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), and the committee uses the standards of this organization.

The IAC is financed by contributions from the countries participating in the Agreement; in 2013, according to SPARK-Interfax, they amounted to 224 million rubles. The committee's expenses in the same year amounted to 211 million rubles, of which 133 million were for wages, 27 million for the maintenance of premises and property.

MAK headquarters is located in Moscow.

Management

Since the creation of the IAC, Tatyana Anodina has been its chairman. She was appointed to this post on December 6, 1991 by a decision of the Council of Heads of Government of the Member States of the Economic Community. Neither the resolution on the creation of the IAC dated December 6, 1991, nor the intergovernmental Agreement dated December 30, 1991, specified the procedure for the appointment and resignation of the head.

Established on the basis of the intergovernmental “Agreement on Civil Aviation and the Use of Airspace” signed in December 1991. In accordance with Article 8 of this agreement, the IAC is the executive body ensuring the implementation of decisions of the Council on Aviation and the Use of Airspace, created by the agreement as an international governmental organization. Council sessions are held at least once a quarter, and draft programs and agendas are presented by the Chairman of the IAC and approved by the Council. The Chairman of the IAC is appointed by a resolution of the Council of Heads of State - members of the Economic Community (since 1991, this position has been held by T. G. Anodina).

For a long time, the IAC as the successor to the Soviet Commissions for the use of airspace, management air traffic and on state supervision of aircraft flight safety (in terms of functions agreed upon by the CIS states), he dealt with a wide range of certification issues in civil aviation and accident investigations in the interests of sponsoring states. Regarding the legal status of the IAC, there is different opinions, a number of lawyers believe that IAC is not a subject international law and cannot independently exercise any authority, much less state functions of the Russian Federation or another CIS state. At the same time, the IAC, as the executive body of an international governmental organization, and its employees, who are international personnel, cannot be held responsible for improper execution their functions before the authorities state power Russian Federation or another CIS state.

Although the certification authority of the IAC in Russia expired in December 2015, AR IAC continues to issue type certificates for interested CIS countries. However, since 2015, the main task of the IAC is to conduct investigations of aviation accidents involving civil aviation aircraft (in

The Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC) was established on a contractual basis on December 30, 1991. It is included in the ICAO Register of International Intergovernmental Organizations and registered in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).

IAC is an intergovernmental organization sovereign states region of Eastern Europe acceded to the Agreement on Civil Aviation and on the Use of Airspace, which was signed in Minsk (Republic of Belarus). As of the end

2005, 12 states are parties to the Agreement: the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Georgia, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Moldova, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, the Republic of Uzbekistan and Ukraine. Two states - the Republic of Latvia and the Republic of Estonia - have observer status.

In accordance with the powers delegated by the founding states, the IAC is designed to serve the goals of a unified policy and coordination of activities in the field of use of airspace, air traffic control, certification of aircraft, airfields and equipment, investigation of aviation accidents, ensuring the unification of Aviation Rules systems, development of a coordinated policy in the field of air transport, coordination of the development and implementation of interstate scientific- technical programs. Since the degree of delegation of powers to the IAC by the founding states is not the same, the nature of their participation in the activities of the IAC has significant differences.

The main activities of the IAC are:

development and formation of the structure of unified Aviation Rules and Procedures in the field of civil aviation and the use of airspace in the CIS region, as well as their harmonization with Aviation Rules recognized by the World Aviation Community;

creation and maintenance of the functioning of a unified certification system aviation technology and its production, its harmonization with other international systems;

preservation for the CIS member states of a professional independent body for the investigation of aviation accidents, ensuring an objective investigation of aviation accidents not only in the territories of the Commonwealth states, but also beyond their borders;

protection for the CIS countries of the air transport services market through interstate agreements and agreed regulations in the field of tariffs and mutual settlements;

coordination of interaction between authorities in emergency situations and in zones of local military conflicts on the territory of the states parties to the Agreement;

fight against illegal interference in civil aviation activities;

development international cooperation with states and international organizations civil aviation in order to integrate the states parties to the Agreement into the global aviation community.