What pistol will replace the legendary Makar? Domestic weapons and military equipment

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In our progressive time, science is moving at a fast pace, so it is not always possible to keep up with them. Some old dogmas are crumbling, some new ones are being put forward. Mankind does not stand still and should not stand still, but the engine of mankind is scientists, scientists. And at any moment a discovery can occur that can not only amaze the minds of the entire population the globe but also fundamentally change our lives.

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In the field of other sciences, developments are constantly underway. Every year, scientists from all over the world make small discoveries, slowly moving humanity forward and improving our lives. Places untouched by man are being explored, first of all, of course, on our home planet. However, work is constantly taking place in space.

Among technology, robotics is especially rushing forward. An ideal intelligent robot is being created. Once upon a time, robots were an element of fantasy and nothing more. But already on this moment some corporations have real robots on staff that perform various functions and help optimize labor, save resources and perform for a person dangerous species activities.

I would also like to pay special attention to electronic computers, which even 50 years ago occupied a huge amount of space, were slow and required a whole team of employees for their care. And now such a machine, in almost every home, is already called more simply and briefly - a computer. Now they are not only compact, but also many times faster than their predecessors, and anyone can figure it out. With the advent of the computer, mankind has discovered new era, which many call "technological" or "information".

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In this section, you will certainly find something interesting, exciting and informative for yourself. Perhaps even someday you will be one of the first to know about a discovery that will not only change the world, but will turn your mind upside down.

The super-powerful gun "Gyurza" will go into service with the Russian army

Pistol SR-1 "Vector", also known as "Gyurza", developed by the designer of the Klimovsk arms enterprise "TsNIItochmash" Peter Serdyukov, is one of the most powerful 9 mm calibers in the world. This weapon should change in Russian army staff "Makarov".

“Preliminary tests have now ended. In the autumn we are entering the state tests, which we must complete by the end of this year, and next year, if the Ministry of Defense makes an appropriate decision, serial deliveries will begin,” says Dmitry Semizorov, general director of TsNIItochmash.

The appearance of "Gyurza" was due to the fact that such personal protective equipment as bulletproof vests began to enter the arsenal of the armies of the world. Accordingly, there was a need for a pistol that could pierce them. First of all, the special services became interested in the Serdyukov pistol, and he entered service with the special forces of the FSB of Russia.

Special services fighters were attracted by these individual weapons with extremely powerful cartridges, which were designed to carry out special operations. New ammo 9x21 has elevated combat characteristics due to a heavy bullet, inside of which there is a steel core. It punches through a steel sheet 6 millimeters thick, or 30 layers of Kevlar.

According to gunsmiths, a pistol with such a cartridge can not only pierce a door, but also pierce an army helmet, body armor, and even stop a car.

The new generation Russian pistol "Udav" is being prepared for state tests.

This was announced to RNS by the general director of TsNIItochmash Dmitry Semizorov.
- Work on a promising pistol "Boa" is in its final stages, - he specified. Preliminary tests have been completed, the shortcomings identified during them are being eliminated and samples are being prepared for state tests.

The characteristics of the pistol are classified. It is only known that the Udava store is designed for eighteen rounds. It is adapted to be equipped with a laser target designator, a collimator (a device that facilitates aiming), and a flashlight.

The country's oldest gunsmith Pyotr Serdyukov is working on the project. Actually "Boa" is a development, created by him earlier self-loading pistol Serdyukov (SPS), also known as "Gyurza". It is used by army special forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the FSB and the FSO. Able to penetrate class 3 body armor at a distance of 50 meters and beyond. Sighting range shooting - 100 meters.

However, "Boa", as Dmitry Semizorov assures, will surpass in its characteristics all existing analogs. The general director of TsNIITochmash hopes to complete state testing of the pistol in 2016.

OTs-27 "Berdysh" - The best combat pistol of Russia (video)

Submachine gun SR-2 "Heather".

Currently, the SR-2 and SR-2M "Veresk" submachine guns are in service with the FSB and the FSO of Russia, as well as a number of other Russian special services. SR-2 is small in size, but provides significant firepower, in combination with armor-piercing cartridges SP-10, providing a reliable defeat of the enemy, protected by bulletproof vests, at ranges up to 100 meters.

Submachine gun PP-19 "Bizon".

The original high-capacity magazine was obviously developed not without the influence of the American Calico submachine guns, however, on the PP-19, the magazine is located more conveniently, and in parallel acts as a forearm. In general, the "Bizon" is quite comfortable to hold and aim, largely due to a full-fledged side-folding buttstock and a massive gripping forearm - magazine.

Pistols for the Russian special forces. The latest samples (video)

In TSNIITOCHMASH in Klimovsk near Moscow, preliminary tests of a new generation pistol "Udav" were completed. CEO enterprise Dmitry Semizorov said that the state tests of weapons are scheduled to be carried out before the end of the year.

The characteristics of the "Boa" are classified. It is only known that the pistol uses a powerful cartridge of caliber 9 × 21 mm, the magazine holds 18 rounds, and there is also a laser designator in the kit. This pistol is the result of natural evolution of this type weapons, which is associated not only with the progress of design thought and technology, but also with external conditions, which, for example, include combat tactics and the security of the enemy.

Adopted as a personal weapon of officers of the armed forces and law enforcement agencies, the self-loading survived to today and is still widespread. The popularity and "longevity" of this weapon is explained by a number of its advantages. He is not required long range aimed shooting, as it is a personal weapon of attack and defense, designed to defeat the enemy at short distances. 20 meters for PM is the optimal distance. Though aimed shooting can be driven at distances up to 50 meters.

9 mm self-loading pistol SR1M

Under the PM, a cartridge of caliber 9 × 18 mm was created. It has an undeniable advantage, the best suited for a melee weapon, one might say, almost a contact one: the bullet has a good stopping effect. Bullets with high penetrating power can pass right through or penetrate deep into the body of the enemy.

In this case, the shot does not necessarily have to have high energy. This principle was used by Makarov when creating a pistol. The average value of the muzzle energy made it possible to simplify the automation of the weapon; the PM used a free shutter and a short barrel stroke. The gun is different the highest degree reliability and ease of use. This achieves a high rate of fire. It is relatively lightweight and compact. The PM uses a multifunctional fuse, unique for the 50s-70s, which allows you to safely remove a loaded pistol from a combat platoon. Resource - 50 thousand shots.

The disadvantages include a significant effort required to pull the trigger - about 2 kg. And almost 4 kg with self-cocking. As well as an 8-round magazine. But in a modified version of the PMM, which began to enter the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the early 90s, the magazine capacity was increased to 12 rounds. Moreover, in the pistol it is possible to use both the old PEM cartridge and the new 9 × 18 PPM. In this connection, the weapon has become universal. If the PM is not capable of penetrating body armor due to the low kinetic energy of the bullet and its low initial velocity (315 m/s), then the new bullet has acquired a high penetrating ability, its starting speed- 420 m/s. This was achieved by sharpening the bullet and increasing the amount of gunpowder in the case by 30%. True, PPM breaks through army body armor at a distance of no more than 10 meters.

In the 80s - 90s, unloading bulletproof vests began to appear in the West, which were additionally reinforced with equipment parts and weapons attached to them. In this connection, such equipment became too tough for the existing domestic army pistols. Therefore, R&D was initiated to create a new type of weapon with increased penetration. At the beginning of the 2000s, three pistols were adopted at once.

GSh-18(designers Vasily Gryazev and Arkady Shipunov) was created in the Tula Instrument Design Bureau. Equally used in the army and in law enforcement agencies including prosecutors. Its main advantage is the use of a powerful 9 × 19 mm cartridge with an armor-piercing bullet that exits the barrel at a speed of 600 m / s.

GSh-18 pistol during inspection of weapons and military equipment (Photo: Sergey Bobylev / TASS)

Another advantage is the 18-round magazine. However, due to the strong spring, no more than a dozen rounds can be loaded by hand. The design of the GSh is extremely original. So, for example, the barrel is locked by turning it around its own axis. For testing automation on the barrel is 12 lugs. Instead of a trigger guard, a trigger was used ... Shooting from a GSh requires a lot of effort. In addition, the complexity of the design does not contribute to high reliability. One of the uses for this pistol is as a reward weapon. The pistol is produced in small batches.

Dmitry Semizorov, General Director of TsNIITochmash, announced that state tests of the most powerful domestic pistol created by Pyotr Serdyukov, the designer of an enterprise located in Klimovsk near Moscow, will begin in the fall. State tests should be completed this year, after which a decision will be made on introducing the pistol into large-scale production and adopting it into service with the Russian army. And this means that the pistol will gradually begin to replace the veteran of the army and the Ministry of Internal Affairs - the Makarov Pistol, which was put into service in 1951.

The new promising weapon has several predecessors: the Serdyukov self-loading pistol (SPS), Vector, Gyurza, SR-1. His real name is SR-1MP or "Boa". If the Vector, which has been in service with the special forces of the FSB, FSO and the Ministry of Internal Affairs since 1996, has the highest among Russian pistols striking power, then the Boa constrictor surpasses it in this and other characteristics, as representatives of TsNIItochmash have repeatedly stated. True, how much is unclear, since these new items are classified.

But a lot is known about the basic model, the Vector. It uses a non-traditional for Russian pistols cartridge of increased power of caliber 9 × 21 mm. In this connection, it has an excellent range - aimed fire can be fired from a distance of 100 meters. The magazine includes 18 rounds. Three types of cartridges:

With a low recoil bullet weighing 7.5 g, which is a lead core in a bimetallic sheath. The bullet is designed for combat in confined spaces in the city;

With an armor-piercing bullet weighing 6.7 g. It has a hardened steel core, the tip of which protrudes from a polyethylene jacket and a bimetallic sheath;

With an armor-piercing tracer bullet weighing 7.3 g, having a shortened hardened steel core, a lead jacket, a tracer composition and a bimetallic sheath.

The armor-piercing cartridge is capable of piercing a 5 mm steel sheet from a distance of 50 meters. This allows you to use the gun even to deal with lightly armored vehicles.

With such impressive performance, the Vector, like the newly minted Boa, have moderate dimensions and weight. With an unloaded magazine, the pistol weighs 0.9 kg, with a full magazine - 1.11 kg. Length, width and height are 196×145×34 mm.

Due to the fact that it uses three different cartridges, it has high versatility. Armor-piercing and armor-piercing tracer bullets have a record breaking ability.

Improvements to the mechanism and barrel "Boa" are not reported. It is only known that longitudinal grooves appeared on the body for attaching the Picatinny rail, which serves to install various additional devices on the weapon. Among them are collimator sights, laser designators, silencers and flame arresters, combat lights.

The appearance of a new pistol, not only as a personal weapon of army officers, but also in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, is caused by historical necessity. Even the criminals that the police have to fight now often have bulletproof vests. And the PM is ineffective here, its bullet is capable of piercing body armor from a distance of up to 10 meters. If the enemy is unprotected, then, despite the aiming range of up to 50 meters, the real distance for successful shooting is about 20 meters.

In the army, the PM, in fact, became a kind of scarecrow, capable of producing only psychological impact. The fact is that in the 1980s and 1990s, unloading bulletproof vests began to appear in the West, which were additionally reinforced with equipment parts and weapons attached to them. In this connection, such equipment became too tough for the existing domestic army pistols. Therefore, R&D was initiated to create a new type of weapon with increased penetration.

In the late nineties and early zero years, several pistols were created, which, to varying degrees, attracted the attention of various law enforcement agencies. However, only one of them really claimed the title of "successor" of the PM - the Yarygin Pistol ("Rook"). He won the tender for the creation of a new handguns for the army.

Another bidder is the GSh-18 pistol (designers Vasily Gryazev And Arkady Shipunov), was created in the Tula Instrument Design Bureau. It is equally used in the army and in law enforcement agencies, including the prosecutor's office. Its main advantage is the use of a powerful 9 × 19 mm cartridge with an armor-piercing bullet that exits the barrel at a speed of 600 m / s.

Another advantage is the 18-round magazine. However, due to the strong spring, no more than a dozen rounds can be loaded by hand. The design of the GSh is extremely original. So, for example, the barrel is locked by turning it around its own axis. For testing automation on the barrel is 12 lugs. Instead of a trigger guard, a trigger was used ... Shooting from a GSh requires a lot of effort. Also, the complexity of the design does not contribute to high reliability. One of the uses of this pistol is to use it as a premium weapon. And in this capacity, according to experts, GSh-18 is most appropriate. The pistol is produced in small batches.

Yarygin pistol, which was created at the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant by a designer Vladimir Yarygin(cartridge caliber - 9 × 19 mm). more fortunate than its competitors. In Izhevsk, its large-scale production has been launched for the armed forces, internal troops, special forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and other law enforcement agencies. That is, this is exactly the pistol that since 2008 began to replace the legendary PM.

It is 18-shot. The cartridge, created under the PJ, has an energy of 550 J. The bullet is armor-piercing. However, it has high not only penetrating, but also stopping properties due to the use of a lead core. It also provides for the possibility of using a 9 × 19 mm Parabellum cartridge, which has a lower energy content. Equipped with a flashlight and a laser target designator.

The pistol is designed for "strong men": the force applied during self-cocking is 5.8 kg, with a pre-cocked trigger - 2.6 kg. At the same time, the gun is ergonomic, with a non-exorbitant return. The disadvantages include "rough execution", that is, "clumsy" forms, sharp edges that can injure the shooter. It can also fail during a special operation, as it makes sounds when walking, which prevents silent sneaking.

It is quite understandable that TsNIItochmash was dissatisfied with the fact that not their SPS pistol was chosen to replace the PM, but the Izhevsk PYa. However, according to the general director of the enterprise, Dmitry Semizorov, the new development, the Udav, based on the same powerful 9 × 21 mm cartridge as in the SPS, should significantly exceed the performance of the Rook.

And it is the "Boa constrictor", they believe in Klimovsk, that it is necessary to replace the PM. Well, technical competition is a positive thing. But there is an insurmountable moment here. Large-scale production is an extremely inertial business. Its flywheel is already untwisted in Izhevsk. So if "Boa" goes to the troops, then not instead of PY, but in parallel with it.

The lethal force of Serdyukov

In the hands of Serdyukov is his powerful ATP. Now the designer is working on a new generation pistol.
The guards of the president of our country are armed with such pistols. But Washington officially forbids the bodyguards of the first person to take such powerful weapon with you in the event that the Federal Protective Service has to work in the United States.
The designer, whose name the pistol is named after, Pyotr Ivanovich Serdyukov, made a revolutionary breakthrough in the design of domestic pistols. But only experts know about it.
Widely known and most popular TT and PM pistols ( Tula Tokarev and a Makarov pistol) cannot be considered completely domestic. When creating the TT, the Browning pistol was taken as the basis, and the PM is a reworked police Walter. Once they were good, but with the development of individual body armor, they completely lost their power.
The need for a new officer's personal weapon arose in the late 1980s.
Work was carried out in several weapons design bureaus. But in the most optimal way, the task was completed only at the Central Research Institute of Precision Engineering in Klimovsk near Moscow by a design team led by P.I. Serdyukov. There were created completely domestic, without any copying, and a new pistol, and a new cartridge for it. It happened in the early 1990s. Alas, at that time the main customer - the Ministry of Defense - could no longer order anything. The money remained only with the special services. And the pistol was defined as the main individual weapon for employees of these services. new Russia. Maybe that's why it has several "secret" names: RG055, SR-1 "Vector", SR-1M "Gyurza". But in the new century, he entered the supply of the Armed Forces and the Ministry of Internal Affairs as the SPS - Serdyukov's self-loading pistol. He was very fond of in the GRU special forces and in the units of the Special Operations Forces.

Despite its destructive power, the SPS is quite elegant, does not give the impression of a shooting monster. Those who used it note that it fits very well in the hand, is convenient and safe to use, and is very reliable. A special cartridge of caliber 9x21 mm has been created for the SPS. The effective range of this cartridge is 100 meters. At this distance, body armor consisting of two 1.4 mm titanium plates and 30 layers of Kevlar or 4 mm thick steel sheets is pierced.
After a simple replacement of individual elements, the SPS can fire standard 9 mm Makarov pistol cartridges and even 7.62 mm TT pistol cartridges. The Serdyukov pistol has a very well thought out system of protection against accidental shot. There is no conventional toggle switch. There are two buttons - on the back of the handle and on the trigger. They provide complete safety and at the same time instant readiness to fire.
It seems to many that in the era of general computerization to create the new kind small arms - a couple of trifles. The main thing is to know which keys to press on the computer, then the program will do everything itself, will issue best option the same pistol. However, not all so simple.
As the designer Pyotr Serdyukov says, today there are really no special problems to make a shooting toy. The toy at the same time can be very impressive. For example, one of the foreign creators of miniature weapons for collectors even charmed the top leaders of the domestic defense complex, convincing them that he was ready to make the most beautiful and best pistol in the world for the Russian army. The designer was given carte blanche.
The gun really turned out to be very designer and even shot. But when they began to test it in the field, it turned out that the beautiful design of the weapon was not the most important thing. The pistol turned out to be absolutely incompetent.
He could not withstand either excessive dusting, or excessive overheating, or firing from various provisions, not much else that the present must endure military weapon, not a beautiful shooter from computer games.
The main difficulty in designing a pistol is its small size. And the more powerful the cartridge, the more difficult it is to achieve reliability. It would not be an exaggeration to say that Pyotr Serdyukov managed the almost impossible. In dimensions and weight, not much higher than those possessed by the Makarov pistol, it was possible to realize the power of the shot, which is much higher than that which is typical, for example, for the American "Colt" of a much larger caliber.

Such an interesting little known fact from the history of the SPS. In 1997 in the USA at one of the test sites marines new weapon, created in TSNIITOCHMASH. They also showed the Americans Serdyukov's pistol. Representatives of the secret service, the one that protects the first persons of the state, including the president, were asked to check their bulletproof vests for durability. All bulletproof vests were pierced through by shots from the SPS. One can imagine the reaction of agents confident in their armor invulnerability.
Soldiers armed with Serdyukov pistols Federal Service protection. But, what is significant, even if they accompany our president to the United States, they are forbidden to bring their own service weapon- THX. You have to use others, also good, but less powerful. Almost twenty years have passed since the bulletproof vests of the American secret service were shot at their own training ground, and they still cannot recover from the shock across the ocean.
Petr Ivanovich Serdyukov was born on December 8, 1945, exactly 70 years ago in the family of a Soviet officer.
Graduated from the Tula Polytechnic Institute. Since 1969 he has been working in Klimovsk at TSNIITOCHMASH. He is an outstanding designer. But what sets him apart is his extraordinary modesty. Even in the "omniscient" Internet, designer Serdyukov is spoken of very sparingly. Nevertheless, we can be proud that we are contemporaries of the man who created the original, purely Russian pistol. On its basis, a new generation pistol is being designed, even more advanced and powerful.