Useful properties of pink salmon for humans. Pink salmon - benefits and harm to the body When pink salmon is caught on an industrial scale

Pink salmon is not one of the most expensive types of red fish, but this in no way makes its meat less healthy than that of the much-loved salmon and Pacific trout. But not everyone knows what exactly is valuable in this fish, in which cases it should definitely be included in your diet, and in which cases it is better to abstain from this dish, as well as how to properly cook pink salmon.

Calorie content and chemical composition

For clarity, information about chemical composition pink salmon is presented in table form. The data given in it is based on 100 g of raw fish fillet.

Did you know? The term “red” is usually used to describe fish whose flesh is pink or Orange color(salmon, trout, pink salmon). However, in fact, this concept includes three groups of fish that are especially valuable and tasty, namely: sturgeon, salmon and white-pink salmon. Moreover, not only all sturgeon without exception, but also some salmon (for example, nelma or some types of trout) have white flesh, and the word “red” in this case is a synonym for the word “beautiful” and has nothing to do with color.

Useful properties of the product:

• by eating just 100 g of pink salmon, you can completely satisfy daily requirement the body in the most valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3, vitamins D and B12, as well as such an essential amino acid as tryptophan (necessary for the normal functioning of the nervous system);
• 150 g of pink salmon contains a daily dose of selenium - a trace element needed by our body in very small quantities, but no less important, especially considering that it is present in a very limited number of products;
• To replenish vitamins B3 and B6, it is enough to eat 200 g of pink salmon.

Beneficial features

Main value fatty sea fish, especially those living in cold waters (pink salmon belongs to this category), are polyunsaturated fatty acids, primarily omega-3.

Important! People who suffer from cardiovascular diseases should increase their intake of foods containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by at least one and a half times, or even better, by half.

Unlike other types of fats (including saturated fats, as well as monounsaturated and considered less healthy polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids), omega-3 fatty acids have the following beneficial properties:

• remove “bad” cholesterol from the body, thereby preventing obesity and various cardiovascular pathologies, in particular thrombosis and strokes;
• perform the function of an antioxidant - they bind free radicals, which are also one of the main causes of heart attacks and strokes;
• normalize blood pressure;
• have a beneficial effect on joints, protecting cartilage tissue from premature destruction;
• promote cell and tissue restoration;
• have anti-inflammatory properties;
• stabilize the functioning of the brain and nervous system;
• improve blood circulation;
• strengthen the immune system.

But the problem is that residents of countries far from the sea consume omega-6 tens of times more than omega-3. And if you consider that due to the high price, fatty sea ​​fish becomes less and less accessible, this ratio is constantly increasing.

Important! In red caviar the ratio of twoacids is 1:100 in favor of omega-3.

Since pink salmon contains three times more beneficial omega-3s than less valuable omega-6s, there is no doubt how important it is to at least occasionally pamper yourself with this wonderful fish. It is also worth noting that despite the very high content of these fatty acids in pink salmon, there is no need to worry about their overdose, because the valuable red fish is unlikely to be on our table every day.

For women

In addition to the general beneficial properties of pink salmon for the human body, we can highlight special qualities, important for women and men.
So, representatives of the fair sex will be interested to know that pink salmon:

• despite its high fat content, it is a dietary product and is completely safe for the waist (of course, if consumed in moderation);
• stimulates cell regeneration and thus slows down the aging process;
• stimulates reproductive function;
• has a beneficial effect on the condition of the skin and hair;
• remarkably calms the nerves, prevents the development of depression, insomnia, anxiety and fear, improves mood;
• normalizes the functioning of the genitourinary system;
• restores the balance of thyroid hormones, prevents the development of pathologies of the endocrine system.

For men

Pink salmon will help men become more energetic, active and strong, and will also have a very beneficial effect on their sexuality. In particular, she has the ability to:

• improve memory;
• increase efficiency, fill the body with vitality;
• increase potency;
• help increase sperm activity.

Benefits and harm to the body

The effect of pink salmon on the body largely depends on how it was prepared. It is best to eat fish boiled or baked, but canned fish or smoked fillets are quite acceptable. The most important thing is not so much the specific method of preparing fish, but rather the observance technological process during processing and, of course, high-quality and fresh raw materials.

Canned

Few people can enjoy freshly caught pink salmon, since the habitat of this fish is very limited. Most often it ends up on the table in the form of canned food. And there is no need to be afraid of this. Of course, heat treatment destroys a large number of vitamins and other useful substances, but there are pleasant exceptions. Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids are completely preserved in canned pink salmon. The same goes for elements such as calcium and magnesium, as well as many amino acids.

Important! Modern technologies During the preservation process, they allow you to save even those beneficial substances that would be lost when preparing fish at home.

The danger of this type of processing is that if the manufacturer is unscrupulous, canned fish can cause such a dangerous, and in the absence of an antidote, a fatal disease, as botulism. Under no circumstances should you eat the contents of swollen cans of canned food, as well as the product after the expiration date. In addition, when purchasing canned pink salmon, you should always carefully study the composition of the product - in particular, the list of additives that the manufacturer used as preservatives or flavor enhancers.
Another unpleasant feature of canned food is its high salt and oil content. Fortunately, pink salmon is often canned in its own juice; There should be no oil in such a product, only fish and a small amount of salt. It is worth noting that this method of canning practically does not increase the calorie content of fish. 100 g of canned pink salmon contains 136 kcal, that is, even less than raw fillet.

Salty

Another great way to prepare fish for relatively long-term storage is salting. The calorie content of such a product, however, is slightly higher: 100 g already contains about 169 kcal, but most of the useful components, given the lack of heat treatment, will be preserved in the finished product. If you follow the technology (and you can pickle pink salmon yourself) and use it in moderation, this cooking option is no worse than boiling and baking.

Smoked

As a result of smoking, the calorie content of pink salmon increases more significantly - almost up to 200 kcal per 100 g. Many useful components, including omega-3 fatty acids, are preserved in smoked fish, and yet this method of preparation makes pink salmon a very undesirable product for many diseases and states.

Important! Experts from the Australian Cancer Center (Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center) have found that liquid smoke, used when smoking meat and fish, has a stimulating effect on the p53 protein, which is sometimes called the “guardian of the genome”, since it is the body’s main defender against cancer. Mutations of the p53 gene are observed in approximately half of the atypical cells. Therefore the statement that overuse It has been scientifically proven that smoked meats can lead to the development of cancer.

Smoked meats often contain other dangerous chemical additives. In addition, they irritate the gastric mucosa, negatively affect the entire digestive system and can cause allergic reactions. Thus, smoked pink salmon can be eaten, but not by everyone and in small quantities.

Caviar, milk

Everyone knows about the benefits of red caviar. Caviar contains all the beneficial substances that are present in the corresponding type of fish, and the content of some of them may be even higher (primarily this applies to omega-3 fatty acids). But red caviar is a pickling product, so you definitely shouldn’t abuse it. Nutritionists recommend limiting yourself to a few teaspoons of caviar at a time. Particular care should be taken when consuming the product for those who suffer from edema.

Salmon milk, like their caviar, is very rich in omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids. In addition, the protein they contain contains protamines, which are extremely useful for certain diseases, in particular diabetes mellitus Type 1 because they slow down the absorption of insulin. Thus, if there is milt in the purchased pink salmon carcass, you should definitely not throw it away.

Is it possible to eat

There are not many contraindications for pink salmon. But the peculiarities of its use in some cases are still worth mentioning separately.

During pregnancy and breastfeeding

A pregnant woman and nursing mother should definitely include pink salmon or other red fish in their diet, for which there are specific reasons:

• red fish helps prevent postpartum depression - a very unpleasant and quite common phenomenon;
• both during pregnancy and after the birth of a child, it is very important for a woman to remain calm, get good sleep, and be in good mood, to be fresh and active - all this is greatly facilitated by the consumption of pink salmon;
• childbirth is the greatest stress for a woman’s body, so at this moment it’s time to think about prolonging youth and attractiveness - which means eating foods containing vitamins and antioxidants;
• the dietary properties of pink salmon will help a young mother quickly and without grueling fasting to regain weight after childbirth;
• during pregnancy and breastfeeding women very often suffer from constipation, and pink salmon helps improve intestinal motility;
• The minerals that make up red fish are absolutely necessary for the expectant and young mother, because a huge supply of these substances is spent on the development of the baby, and the woman’s body is supplied with them “on a residual basis,” as a result of which she very often experiences a shortage.

Did you know? It has been proven that regular consumption of red fish by a woman during pregnancy minimizes the risk of a disease such as bronchial asthma in the baby. In addition, the children of such women are distinguished by earlier and more pronounced pronounced development mental abilities.

When losing weight

The fish diet, which consists of replacing meat in your diet with fish as much as possible, is considered one of the most effective ways get rid of excess weight without causing harm to your health. Cold-water fish help to cope best with excess weight, that is, pink salmon in this sense is an excellent choice.

But it should still be borne in mind that pink salmon, along with trout, horse mackerel, tuna, sea ​​bass and some others, belongs to medium-calorie species, while the inhabitants are best suited for weight loss depths of the sea with a calorie content not exceeding 100 kcal per 100 g.
Thus, use pink salmon as dietary nutrition it is possible, but you should not abuse it, replacing it with more “lean” cod, navaga or hake. And of course, for those who want to lose weight, smoked fish dishes are absolutely not suitable, and salted fish is also not suitable. in the best possible way will affect the process of getting rid of extra pounds.

For pancreatitis, gastritis

Gastritis and pancreatitis are not contraindications to eating pink salmon - moreover, this type of fish, considered dietary, is excellent for people suffering from problems with the digestive system.

However, in addition to the quite obvious ban on eating smoked and salted foods, in the acute form of the disease you should also exclude them from the diet. fried fish. During this period, only boiled or stewed pink salmon, as well as steamed fish, can be on the table.

For diabetes

According to many endocrinologists and nutritionists, salmon are among the ten most beneficial fish for diabetes. These varieties contain large amounts of easily digestible protein, as well as vitamins and minerals that are absolutely necessary for any diabetic. Moreover, diabetes mellitus is quite compatible with the use of fried pink salmon, as well as with grilled dishes made from it.

But salty and smoked fish It is undesirable to eat, since both methods of preparation require a high salt content in the final product, and table salt for diabetes mellitus, as is known, should be consumed in minimal doses - no more than 12 g per day.

Did you know? The Indians inhabiting the North American continent believe that salmon is the very first product that humans consumed. And this is not surprising: it was salmon fish that were the main food of the aborigines who lived on the northern coast Pacific Ocean and rivers flowing nearby.

How to cook pink salmon at home: recipes

The two most simple recipes The preparation of this fish is baking and salting.

In the oven

To prepare the dish you will need:

• pink salmon carcass (fresh, chilled or frozen);
• 1 lemon;
• onions - one large onion or two medium ones;
• one processed cheese;
• 3 tablespoons of mayonnaise;
• salt, pepper - to taste.

Procedure:

Video: delicious baked pink salmon

How to pickle (salt)

Salting pink salmon is also not at all difficult. For this you will need:

• pink salmon carcass or fillet (frozen fish is not suitable for these purposes; it is better to take chilled fish);
• black peppercorns - 6–10 pieces;
• allspice black pepper - 3–4 pieces;
• - 1–2 pieces;
• coarse salt - 4 tablespoons;
• sugar - 4 tablespoons;
• water (it is better to take purified) - 1 liter.

Procedure:

Video: salting pink salmon in brine The advantage of this recipe is that there is no need to remove bones and skin from the fish. But if such painstaking work does not frighten you, you can salt the fillet - in this case, the fish will be ready in 10–12 hours. Pink salmon has all the valuable qualities of salmon fish, but is somewhat cheaper.

Important! If the fish is large, the amount of brine can be increased to 1.5 liters- accordingly, the amount of salt, sugar and spices increases by one and a half times.

This product is suitable for almost everyone - men, women, children and the elderly. The only reason to refuse a wonderfully tasty and healthy fish, especially in boiled or stewed form, is an individual intolerance; there are no other restrictions on its use.

A distinctive feature of the site about animals Zverey.Ru is the appearance of articles about a wide variety of fish. Today we will talk about commercial fish, which many people love for its taste. This is pink salmon. You will learn more about what pink salmon looks like, its description, characteristics of weight, length and life span, as well as spawning time.

We will also tell you What is the difference between a male pink salmon and a female?, what type of fish it belongs to and who, besides humans, really likes to eat pink salmon and in which rivers of Russia it is found.

General description and characteristics of pink salmon

Pink salmon is an anadromous species of the salmon family. Lives mainly in cold waters (feels especially comfortable at +10 °C; death occurs at temperatures above +25 °C). It is one of the most common varieties of salmon. It lives off the Asian and American coasts of the Pacific Ocean. In our country, these are mainly the shores of the Arctic Ocean, most often limited by the Bering Strait on one side and the Peter the Great Gulf on the other, but it can also go further south. There is a possibility of encountering it off the coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula, in the area of ​​Sakhalin Island and further east up to the islands of Japan. Comes to spawn in rivers from the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug before Murmansk region and further into the rivers of Norway and Sweden. It can often be found in Amguem, as well as in rivers such as the Kolyma, Indigirka, Yana and Lena, and sometimes enters the Amur.

Male and female pink salmon: similarities and differences

It doesn’t hurt to know how a male pink salmon differs from a female, because the female gives eggs. Below is a photo of a male and a female and shows how they differ. In short, then female pink salmon:

1. smaller than a male (not always);
2. the meat is less fatty (you can find out when you try it);
3. does not stand out as much in appearance as the male;
4. The head size of the female pink salmon is smaller than that of the male;
5. the appearance is more “friendly” (explained as best they could).

And now the description male pink salmon and its difference from the female:

1. the male is larger than the female, but there are exceptions - you should not be guided only by this characteristic;
2. the male's meat has more fat;
3. stand out for their bright appearance (in many animals, males are brighter than females);
4. “predatory face” - look at the photo and you will understand;
5. elongated jaws, teeth more visible than those of the female;
6. hump.

Pink salmon is often called pink salmon. The fish is noticeable among its relatives - it has very small scales. A peculiarity of this species is a strong change in the color of the scales when the fish reaches sexual maturity. So, if after birth it has a silver-white color with small spots on the tail, then on the way from the sea to the river the body becomes silver-brown, the body becomes covered with spots, the color of the fins and head reaches almost black.

The appearance also changes greatly - after the onset of puberty, males develop a hump (hence the name - pink salmon). Both males and females have longer jaws, larger teeth and a hook above the lower lip. After spawning, the fish turns grayish-white with a yellowish-white (sometimes greenish) belly. Like all salmon, pink salmon have another fin between the back and tail. More distinctive features This fish is characterized by a large white mouth and lack of teeth on the tongue.

Varieties of pink salmon

There are no biological divisions into subspecies of pink salmon, but there are morphological and biochemical differences between geographically separated stocks, which makes it possible to assume the existence of self-reproducing groups within this species. There are also genomic differences between individuals born in even and odd years. This is most likely due to the two-year cyclical life of an individual.

Length, weight and other characteristics of pink salmon

Pink salmon is a fairly small fish. In length it reaches no more than sixty centimeters, and weighing no more than two and a half kilograms. Males are usually slightly larger than females. Interestingly, in years when the population increases, the fish tend to be smaller than in years when the number of fish decreases. It lives in sea water for about one and a half years, although occasionally two-year-old individuals can be found. The fish grows very quickly and a year and a half after birth it is ready to spawn.

Pink salmon spawning

Pink salmon spawns once and dies at the end of spawning, possibly due to the fact that the path from the habitat waters to the spawning waters turns out to be very difficult, and nature does not provide the strength to way back. This type of fish has a well-developed ability to return to its native river backwaters to spawn, although it can also “wander” into “foreign” spaces. It spawns in August and arrives in fresh rivers in July. The eggs are placed in soil with a sufficient amount of pebbles and sand. It lays eggs in specific “nests”: using its tail, it makes a small hole at the bottom and drops the eggs there. Such nests are most often made by the female, while males at this time often organize “wars” for the right to fertilize, and after hatching the eggs, the winning male fertilizes the eggs with milk, and at the end of the process, the fertilized eggs are buried.

The hatching of the “larvae” occurs in November; they live in their “nest” for about six months; in May they emerge from it and swim to the sea. Pink salmon, despite its small size, is quite prolific - it lays up to two and a half thousand eggs. Pink salmon caviar medium size, diameter reaches half a centimeter. After spawning, death occurs: the most weakened individuals die right near the “nesting” site, others are carried away by the stream, and they die closer to the mouth. Dead fish accumulate on the bottom and banks of reservoirs (this is a phenomenon for residents of Far East called snenka), which attracts a huge number of seagulls, crows, and various scavengers.

Pink salmon fish, along with red fish, chum salmon, coho salmon, chinook salmon and masu salmon, belongs to the Salmon family. This is one of the most valuable and famous fish existing in nature. Despite its small size (the smallest among the species of the Salmon family), this inhabitant of the waters is the most abundant fish of this family.

Where is pink salmon found, which is one of the unique products that is very loved by domestic and consumers?

General information

Many people know that pink salmon is not very cheap. But nutritionists recommend periodically including dishes from this fish in the diet of both children and adults (at least once a week).

Pink salmon, which has not yet spawned, has beneficial properties and the greatest value, since in fresh river water it loses its more pleasant taste, and with it the beautiful pink tint of the meat.

Brief description and features of fish

Before we find out where pink salmon live (in which seas) and what are the features of its lifestyle, we will give a short description.

This fish, unlike other fish, has another fin located between the tail and the fin on the back. Among other features, there is one more - she has a whitish mouth and large teeth, and there are also large black spots on her back. In addition, you can see a hump on the back of pink salmon, which is how its name came about.

The peculiarity lies in where pink salmon are found (details below in the article). This type of fish is also interesting because all the larvae that are born are females. Sexual differentiation does not occur immediately.

One more amazing fact is that male pink salmon are capable of transforming from once beautiful fish into amazing ugly creatures: hooked teeth grow on their jaws, and a large hump appears on their back. Among ichthyological scientists, there are still disputes about what is associated with such a “nuptial plumage”, which is acquired by all varieties of fish from the Salmon family. Some argue that this attracts a female, while others believe that this "nuptial outfit" is associated with the river lifestyle. There are some other points of view, but there is still no unanimous opinion.

Where do pink salmon live?

Its habitat is the waters of the Pacific Ocean. It is found in the area of ​​Sakhalin, the Kuril Islands, Kamchatka and off the coast of Japan. Sometimes it can be seen off the coast of the Arctic Ocean. Its main habitats are the American (up to Alaska) and Asian shores of the Pacific Ocean. The Sea of ​​Okhotsk is distinguished by its rich catch.

Fish rise to spawn in the following areas: Lena, Sacramento, Indigirka, Colville and Mackenzie. Found on the Commander Islands, on the islands of Hokkaido and Honshu (northern part), etc.

Answering the question of where pink salmon is found - in the sea or in the river, we can say that in terms of habitat this fish is transitional, traveling from the sea to the river in connection with spawning. Moreover, while in the sea, the fine-scaled body of the fish has a beautiful silver color, and numerous small dark spots are scattered on the tail fin. When entering the river, the fish’s “outfit” changes: the previously dark spots only on the tail cover the head and entire body, merging into a single black spot by the time of spawning.

Biology

As noted above, in comparison with other species of Salmon, pink salmon is a medium-sized fish. The maximum recorded size is 68 centimeters, weight reaches up to 3 kg. Pink salmon matures and grows quite quickly. In the second year of life, the fish is quite ready to reproduce.

Pink salmon, obeying their instinct of their native river (or homing), strives into the depths of the riverbed large rivers and the lower reaches of their tributaries. Reaching the rifts to places without silt and with a pebble bottom, the fish lays its eggs. The most best places for them - rocky shallow waters.

It should be noted that pink salmon, due to the weakness of their instinct to return to their native river (where they were born), can use another natural body of water for spawning. Moreover, in some rivers the mouths sometimes become impassable due to storm sediments, and for 1-2 years the fish are not able to enter there.

Reproduction

The breeding season of pink salmon lasts from August until almost mid-October. At the end of April, larvae appear from the eggs (diameter up to 6 mm). Then their path goes to the ocean downstream. Juveniles do not swim far into the depths sea ​​waters, consumes small crustaceans in shallow water for about a month.

Where are pink salmon found in Russia?

In Russia, pink salmon are found in the coastal waters of two oceans: the Pacific and the Arctic. It spawns in the waters of the following rivers:

• Amur;
• Indigirka;
• Kolyma;
• Lena.

It should be noted that pink salmon prefer cold, and temperatures above +25.8 degrees are detrimental to it. The best temperature for it is in the range of 5.5-14.5°.

Karelia

Where are pink salmon found in Karelia? There are more than 60 thousand natural lakes and almost 30 thousand rivers in this region, and almost every one of these reservoirs contains fish. This is truly a fish and wild area, allowing fishermen to enjoy their hobby to the fullest.

Among the reservoirs of this region there are several lakes and rivers, which are the most popular among both visitors and local fishermen. These are the northern regions of Karelia, where pink salmon and chum salmon are found. It should be noted that Ladoga, the largest Karelian lake, is home to approximately sixty species of fish, the main of which are:

• pike;
• roach;
• zander;
• trout;
• salmon.

Pink salmon that live in the White Sea (acclimatized Pacific salmon) spawn where salmon do, for example in the Keret River. Pink salmon and chum salmon began to swim into the rivers flowing into the White Sea (for example, into the Shuya River).

Ichthyologists have noted an unusual and curious feature of pink salmon: this fish most often visits the rivers of Primorye to spawn in odd-numbered years, and the rivers of Kamchatka and Amur in even-numbered years.

Research scientists have very different opinions on this matter, but there is still no consensus on this issue.

Finally

An interesting feature of this species of fish is that it does not have specific subspecies. They are not formed for a number of reasons:

1. Individuals of different populations are not isolated from each other - they interbreed with each other due to weakly expressed homing in this Salmon species.
2. During all periods of its life cycle, pink salmon has excellent resistance to the influence of many environmental factors. external environment.
3. Isolation of subspecies with the acquisition of new features and external features prevents the uniformity of living conditions throughout the distribution of the species.

Generations of pink salmon fish are genetically separated from each other (they do not overlap during reproduction), due to the fact that they mature quite quickly (they are ready to reproduce after reaching about 1.5-2 years) and, unfortunately, die after the first spawning.

All representatives of salmon fish are very popular. Meat and caviar of these species have valuable beneficial properties and a complex of vitamins that are necessary for the human body. Red pink salmon fish- one of the representatives of the family.

Pink salmon is a very common and numerous species. Of all salmon, it has the smallest size. The size of an individual often does not reach even half a meter in length and is significantly inferior in weight to all species.

Habitat

The habitat of pink salmon is the cold waters of the northern oceans. Schools of fish of this species are found in all rivers of North America. It is found along the coasts of the Pacific Ocean, in Kamchatka and in the waters of the Arctic Ocean. The range of places where pink salmon are found is very broad.

It feels great in low water temperatures not exceeding fifteen degrees. If she gets into warm currents with very high temperature, then dies in a short period of time.

Pink salmon, gathering in numerous schools, constantly migrate. Spends half his life in salt water element oceans, and the other half prefers to be in fresh waters lakes and rivers For breeding it chooses fast and clean streams.

Experts studying these species have not come to a consensus on the question of river or sea fish pink salmon. As soon as the ice begins to melt from the rivers, she sets off. First, in single specimens, and then in huge flocks, it moves from the oceans to the fresh environment.

Pink salmon spawn in fresh waters. The hatched fry from mature eggs develop to a certain age in reservoirs with unsalted water. Very rarely in the oceans there are individuals under two months of age.

The fish got its name due to its appearance. During migration to spawning grounds, males develop a hump on their backs; because of this feature, one of the salmon fish is called pink salmon.

The scales of this fish are small and bright silver in color. The back and caudal fin area are covered with small dark spots. Unlike many fish, salmon species have an additional fin, which is located between dorsal fin and tail.

Another distinctive feature of pink salmon is its mouth. white. In salty sea waters it looks very attractive; when it enters a fresh environment, the appearance of individuals, especially males, changes dramatically.

The head, sides and back area are covered with large black spots, and during the spawning period the body of the fish acquires a light brown color. Only the belly does not change its color, always remaining white, and the fins and tail are of an unchanged dark shade.

During the spawning season it is quite interesting to see what does pink salmon look like?. The males turn into some kind of monsters. Large humps appear on their backs. The jaws become long, curved, and huge sharp teeth appear in them. Usually a beautiful fish has a completely unattractive appearance.

Pink salmon is a popular commercial fish. Salmon species stand out among all the inhabitants of the seas and rivers for such a valuable product as caviar. In pink salmon it is especially large. The meat of this fish also has a set of valuable substances, such as:

• Vitamin B12;
• Sodium;
• Calcium;
• Fluorine;
• Sulfur;
• Phosphorus;
• Omega-3 fatty acid;
• Vitamin RR.

Dishes made from pink salmon have an exceptional ability to replenish the human body with a mass of useful substances that are not found in many seafood and, especially, in other, less valuable fish. The variety and quantity of vitamins sometimes surprises, delights and makes you think , pink salmon unique and useful.

One can especially highlight the beneficial substance found in all salmon fish species, namely Omega-3 fatty acids. They are present in huge quantities in pink salmon. Unsaturated fatty acids are not found in animal products, vegetables and fruits, so this fish is especially valued.

Thus, thanks to our information, it became known where salmon fish live and what they look like. pink salmon, beneficial features which are valued by humanity.

The body of pink salmon is covered with small scales and colored silver; there are many small dark spots on the caudal fin. This coloration is characteristic of organisms living in the sea.

In the river, the color of the fish changes: dark spots appear on the back, sides and head, and during the spawning period the whole body becomes Brown color, except for the belly, which remains white, and the fins and head remain black. Appearance males change greatly: a huge hump grows on the back, the jaws lengthen and curve, and strong teeth appear on them. Usually slender and beautiful fish take on an ugly appearance.

Pink salmon is a small salmon, its size is small, only 68 cm in length, but its small size is compensated by a large number of individuals.

The habitat is quite extensive: on the mainland North America Pink salmon are included in all rivers, from the Sacramento River in the south to Alaska in the north. This species of fish has also been observed entering the Northern Arctic Ocean, have repeatedly pointed to the appearance of pink salmon in the Colville and Mackenzie rivers, and on the Asian mainland - in the Kolyma, Indigirka, Lena and Yana rivers. Along the Asian coast of the Pacific Ocean, pink salmon find spawning grounds in rivers carrying their waters to the Okhotsk and Bering Seas. This type of fish is also found on the Kuril and Commander Islands, Sakhalin, Hokkaido and the northern part of Hondo Island. In the south, pink salmon reaches Peter the Great Bay, although, however, the southern border is difficult to determine, since pink salmon are usually confused with masu salmon. Schools of fish do not rise very high to spawn upstream in rivers. Pink salmon enter the Amur in large numbers in June and rise up to the Ussuri River.

For spawning, pink salmon choose places with faster currents and a bottom covered with fairly large pebbles. The fish's eggs are large, 5.5-8 mm in diameter, but are pale in color and have a shell that is stronger than that of chum salmon eggs. The parents, having laid their eggs, die, and after 2-3 months the fry emerge from the eggs and remain in the river until spring. Having reached 3-3.5 cm in length, in the spring the juveniles slide into the sea.

At sea, it actively chooses food higher in calories than chum salmon. The food of chum salmon for the most part consists of 50% tunicates and pteropods, but the diet of pink salmon consists of small fish, crustaceans (50%) and fry (30%). Pink salmon grow and mature surprisingly quickly: after escaping into the sea, they return to the rivers within 18 months to begin spawning, lay eggs and die. There is evidence that most individuals of the pink salmon species reach sexual maturity in the third or fourth year of life. However, this information is contradictory. As sea catches show, in August only a few individuals remain in the sea, which for some reason are delayed in development.

Pink salmon and masu salmon are the most heat-loving species in the genus Oncorhynchus. Fish winter in those areas of the ocean where the temperature at the surface of the water never drops below 5°C. Favorable temperature regime also promotes rapid growth of fish.

The number of pink salmon, as a rule, fluctuates periodically. It has been established that in the rivers of Primorye the fish movement in even-numbered years is insignificant, and in odd-numbered years pink salmon flow in greater numbers. In the Amur River and on the western bank of Kamchatka, on the contrary, the largest catch of pink salmon is carried out in even-numbered years. Specialist L. S. Berg notes that such periodicity is well explained by the two-year development cycle.

Unfavourable conditions, for example, overfishing or freezing of spawning grounds, will reduce the number of offspring, and after 18 months, schools of pink salmon, when returning to the river, will produce a small amount of caviar, and the consequences of the environmental disaster, according to L. S. Berg, will be reflected in a whole series of generations. This is the most scientific explanation for the cyclical nature of catches; There are other assumptions, but there are too many discrepancies in them to be considered correct. It has been noted that with increased catching, the number of pink salmon recovers faster and the fluctuations in its cyclicity are less sharp. and pink salmon - valuable commercial fish. Dishes made from this fish are so tasty that there is no person in the world who does not want to try a piece of fried pink salmon. Therefore, its catch in Kamchatka makes up 80% of the total salmon catch.

Pacific salmon, pink salmon and chum salmon, have been repeatedly tried to acclimatize in other areas globe, but all attempts were unsuccessful. In 1956, Sakhalin pink salmon caviar was transported to the rivers of the Murmansk coast. The fry that emerged from the eggs were released into rivers flowing into the Barents and White Sea. Juvenile pink salmon did not take root in the new conditions; We tried to apply fertilizing and began to release the already grown fry into the sea. In 1960, pink salmon returned en masse to the rivers to spawn. In its new habitat, it became much fatter and larger. “Russian salmon,” as it received this name abroad, entered the rivers of Norway to spawn. But in subsequent years, repeated spawning of pink salmon in the European north was quite insignificant. Canadians on the other side of the Atlantic successfully acclimatized pink salmon from the rivers of British Columbia to the Newfoundland area.