Kolan bair Crimea on the map. Weekend hike: Mound of Glory on Dolgorukovskaya Yayla. Climate of Dolgorukovskaya Yayla

Dolgorukovskaya yayla is familiar to most Crimeans. At least, everyone who drove from Simferopol to Alushta and passed through the villages of Dobroye, Zarechnoye, and Perevalnoye saw it. The plateau is on the left along the route.
IN northeast part of the plateau, a relatively small area, there is a whole complex of monuments to the Crimean partisans.

“Stop, traveler, read and remember. You are entering sacred land, abundantly watered with the blood of the partisans of the Northern Union of Crimea. 1941-1944"

In 1941-1944, partisan detachments, the regional underground party center, and the regional underground regional committee of the Komsomol were based there.

“Stop, traveler, read and remember. You are entering sacred ground, abundantly watered with the blood of the partisans of the Northern Union of Crimea. 1941 - 1944",- this inscription is engraved on the first monument to the partisans of the Northern Union on Mount Kol-Bair.

“What saved us was that we landed at night, guided by the fires that the partisans lit. During the day, not everyone would have the courage to land a plane on this tiny piece of land.”

Most main monument Yayly - Mound of Glory. It is located on the Kolan-Bair mountain, at an altitude of 887 meters above sea level. Its construction began in 1963, when the remains of four unknown fighters were reburied here. So the first small mound grew in this place. Then the remains of the people's avengers, buried in different places in Kolan-Bair, Burma and others, were transferred here. Over time, shepherds, foresters, and tourists passing by also added stones and handfuls of earth to the mound.

“A sip of his living water was enough for them to achieve feats of unfading glory. Come down, but not only with your lips, but with your heart!”

At the base of the mound lies soil from the Adzhimushkai quarries, from Eltigen’s “Terra del Fuego,” the grave of an unknown soldier in Kherson, Kakhovka, Volyn, and other places where there are burials of heroes of the Great Patriotic War.

The wonderful lines of Mark Maksimov’s poem, written here, fit perfectly:

They pour a mound without buckets, without shovels...

He took the graves of a handful of soldiers,

After the death of the widows, the covering of the wounded...

Look, what a mound is growing!..

There is no way to compare it to a mountain range.

He is conscience, memory, glory, and judgment...

The living go and go in succession,

The boots and helmets carry immortality...

187 names are engraved on the memorial plaques of the mound. Most early year birth - 1893, the latest - 1926. This means that the fighter in his forties was only 15 years old.

Forty steps lead to the top, which offers a view of the silt plateau where the partisans were hiding.

Here, too, during the war, there was one of the seven partisan airfields - Ivanenkovsky - which received LI-2, R-5 and U-2 aircraft. In honor of the heroic pilots who flew in from the rear of Nazi-occupied Crimea, a monument was erected in the form of a palm with a plane hovering over it.

Ivanenkovsky airfield operated from August 1943 to April 1944. Through it there was a supply of partisans, the evacuation of the wounded and the civilian population of the occupied Crimea. It was here that in April 1944 the banner was delivered under which the capital of Crimea, Simferopol, was liberated.

“Those who gave their lives to their homeland are our memory to you”

The flights were carried out at night. Despite unsuitable landing and take-off conditions, enemy anti-aircraft artillery, pilots regularly flew to this forest patch. “What saved us was that we sat down at night, guided by the fires that the partisans lit. On an unusual day, everyone had the courage to land the plane on this tiny piece of land,” this is how one pilot recalled it.

Nestled at the very edge of the forest are two modest monuments to the 18th partisan detachment “ZaRodin” under the command of A. Vodnev. A symbolic fire is burning where the detachment is camped; a red star indicates the location command post. A stylized hut was built nearby as the main shelter for the partisans from bad weather. During its combat activities, the detachment conducted 18 major operations and successfully resisted enemy punitive expeditions 11 times.

On the slope of the mountain, under the crowns of trees, a partisan spring lurked. Nastela can read: “A sip of living water was enough for them to achieve feats of unfading glory. Come down, but only with your lips and your heart!” Water flowing out from under the rock falls into the palms carved from the stone, folded in a “boat”. So this spring is called “Ladoshki”.

Going lower, we find a large clearing. There was once a forester’s house here, which became a partisan military registration and enlistment office during the war.
Residents of villages and towns left the forests of the mountainous Crimea, many bringing weapons with them. Escaped prisoners of war came. About 300 people came from Simferopol alone. For this purpose, the military registration and enlistment office was needed as a registration point for the formation of detachments. Today, an obelisk has been erected next to the ruins of the military registration and enlistment office.

Nearby is a monument at the site of the parking lot. reconnaissance and sabotage group of F. T. Ilyukhin (“Verny”), which in August 1943 operated in the steppe part of Crimea and Simferopol. The group consisted of 9 people.
During 220 days of struggle, the partisans blew up 13 enemy trains. The Soviet command received about 300 combat reports containing scene data from the enemy.

The monument “Tree of Sorrow” is dedicated to Seydali Kurseitov. Having become a partisan for less than 17 years, Seidali was a scout, a guide, derailed enemy echelons, participated in battles as retaliators, and was wounded three times. Fourth wound January 29, 1944 became fatal. The Nazis found the dying Seidali and executed him in a cruel, barbaric way. Posthumously, the young hero was presented with the Order of the Red Banner. The inscription on the monument reads: “Here the commander of the 1st group of the 18th partisan detachment S. Kurseitov was brutally tortured by the Nazis on January 29, 1944. »

The monument to “The Seagull” - Lyudmila Krylova, a Yevpatoriya Komsomol member, commander of a partisan sabotage group - was erected on a small slope of Mount Kolan-Bair.

Lyudmila was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Battle and the Order of the Patriotic War, First Class. During the defeat of the German commandant's office in Zuye on December 9, 1943. She was seriously wounded and died in the arms of her comrades.

Here, on Kolan-bair, there is a monument to the soldiers of the “Death to Fascism” detachment.
“Stop... look around... think... TynaKolan-Baire. There were battles here every meter. Grateful descendants to the fighters of the “Death to Fascism” detachment.”
The detachment began its combat journey in the fall of 1942. Its first commander was Fedor Fedorenko, a 22-year-old lieutenant in the Red Army. The further detachment was commanded by his friend and comrade Nikolai Soroka. Along with the men, a group of girls fought: Lyuba Veduta, Nadya Komarova, Lena Ena, Shura Rybalova, Vera Ibraimova... They were 17-18 years old at the time.

Nearby is a monument to the first partisan brigade "Groznaya" of the Northern Union. “Those who gave their lives to their homeland—our memory is to you”—is inscribed on the obelisk. The brigade smashed German garrisons in the surrounding populated areas and controlled the Simferopol-Alushta and Simferopol-Karasubazar (Belogorsk) roads. Carrying out bold military operations, the Grozny partisans inflicted significant damage to the Nazis in manpower and equipment.

A little higher up is the Partisan Katyusha monument. November 1943 The partisans received from the Caucasus four mountain-pack installations of M-8 rockets, intended for combat in mountainous conditions.
The use of these compact Katyushas by the partisans caused a real stir among the Nazis, and in December 1943 they launched a general offensive, combing the forests and mountains of Crimea. On December 29, here, on Kolan Bair, the battery took its last battle.

On the stone under the stylized “Katyusha” are the words: “Bow to the heroes—for this inch of land they had to give their lives.”

The last monument of the Dolgorukovsky memorial on Mount Kolan-Bair - to the Slovak partisans. Forcibly mobilized into the fascist army, at the first opportunity they deserted and, joining partisan detachments, fought shoulder to shoulder with Soviet citizens against a common enemy. At various times, 44 Slovaks fought in the partisan detachments of Crimea.

In December 1943, they fought to the death here against the fascist punitive expedition.

Many more monuments to the defenders of Crimea are scattered throughout the Dolgorukovskaya Yayla and the entire peninsula. Unfortunately, in the heady 90s, all the monuments suffered greatly from vandals and non-ferrous metal hunters. Long years They were in a deplorable state, awaiting restoration. It seems that this time has come. More and more often, news appears about the repair and reconstruction of another monument in Crimea. It makes me especially happy when they do this. ordinary people- alone and with families, just friends and company teams, those who don’t ask - why me? They just take it and do it, I will call the heart.

All of our grandfathers and great-grandfathers fought, and spending at least one day a year to go or go to the forest and take care of one of the monuments - clean, paint, remove garbage - is not that difficult, you must admit. And if you take your kids with you, you couldn’t find better helpers, and you couldn’t imagine a better example to follow! This will be what is called the education of patriotism and respect for the history of one’s country.

I remember how in the 80s the pioneers of the Komsomol took care of monuments, stood at a military post on holidays, went on campaigns to places of military glory and always put in order the monuments of the forest gambling area. This was a mandatory part of culture and education in the programs of many schools in Crimea.

It would be very good to revive such traditions.

And it will be absolutely wonderful if this initiative is supported by teams of Crimean enterprises - public and private. In many monuments of the Dolgorukovskaya Yayla there are the following inscriptions: “The monument was built by Komsomol members and the youth of the Simferopol Automotive Technical School”, “by the Komsomol members of the Simferopol Aviation Enterprise”, “The memorial sign was erected by Komsomol members of the Foton TV plant in May 1975.” , “Constructed by Komsomol members of the installation site No. 3 of the DSK. 1980" .

It was possible once, what’s stopping you now?

However, there are already those who have found time and means.

Just before the 70th anniversary Great Victory the first Russian telecommunications company in Crimea "Miranda-Media" landscaped two monuments on Dolgorukovskaya Yayla - a monument to the commander of the partisan sabotage group of 1941-43 Lyudmila Krylova with the call sign “Chaika” and the monument “Partisan Military Commissariat”.

Other memorial steles and signs were also repaired and updated.
Employees "Miranda Media", as well as representatives of the Belogorsk district administration and journalists, accompanied by a guide, followed the planned route, visiting 14 monuments and listening to a story about the partisan movement in Crimea.

After the hike, all participants happily tasted real soldier’s porridge and baked potatoes. Having remembered the heroes of the war, we drank one hundred grams of combat grams for Victory!
They also released 70 festive balloons!

Here is a wonderful combination of useful work and good rest in nature.

Well, friends, shall we support?

There are many routes to the partisan memorial in the Zuysky forest. Let us describe three ways to these protected places: two on foot and one by car.

From the village of Perevalnoye

The starting point of the route can be reached by trolleybus No. 1 to Perevalny from Simferopol railway station. From Yalta by trolleybus No. 52 or any bus going to Simferopol. From here we will follow the trolleybus route towards Simferopol, cross the bridge over the Malinovy ​​stream. Immediately after the bridge, turn right onto a rural street. Pay attention to the name of the street - Partizanskaya. At house number 12, along a bridge made of concrete pipes lying in the water, we cross to the left bank of the stream. On the hillock, near the last house, there is a sign with the inscription “On partisan paths.” Here begins the journey into the partisan forest.

From the signpost we follow the forest path to a clearing with individual hawthorn bushes, pear and apple trees. Here the trail connects with the road along which we will continue our journey. In about half an hour we will approach the already familiar Raspberry Brook and cross it over the stones. From the stream we begin to climb the slope along a tourist trail, which stretches along the right bank of the stream all the way to the yayla. Rock outcrops appear under your feet and you have to be very careful all the time so as not to slip on the rocks and get injured. The climb gets steeper. But the caring hands of your predecessors equipped this place with a railing, tying sticks between the tree trunks. A few more steps and we are at the spring. Rest, refresh yourself and hit the road again.

The last meters of the climb. On the sign we read: “Dolgorukovskaya Yayla”. On the right, among the trees, a house is visible. This is the Bukovy forest cordon. Nearby there are even rows of young pine forest, planted by human hands.

From the cordon we move along a dirt road to gray rocks, clearly visible against the background of a green forest. In half an hour we will reach a small river. In the hot season, you may not even notice it. But this is an amazing river - Subotkhan. It originates on the northern slope of Mount Tyrke, runs for several kilometers along the Dolgorukovskaya yayla, and if you walk down its course, you can see a lake created by human hands. It is filled with the waters of the Subotkhan River.

About 150 years ago, a prominent scientist and researcher of the Crimea, Dubois de Montere, suggested that the Subotkhan River, having traveled many kilometers underground, comes to the surface at the famous Red Caves and continues its path under a different name - the Red Caves River (Kizil-Koba, Kyzylkobinka).

From Subotkhan the rocks to which we are going are very close. There, the Komsomol Rocks monument glows red like a torch.

From the monument we walk along the forest road to a large clearing where there is a barrier. There is a gazebo nearby for relaxation. From here, along a faintly visible path in the grass, going around the barrier on the left, you can go to the spring.

Returning to the clearing, we will find the path we need. This is easy to do: next to it there is a sign: “Height 1025”. The path winds between the trees and leads to another large clearing, through which the Malaya Burulcha river flows. Feel free to jump to the other side and move on. Beyond the river, the ascent to the height of Grandfather's Kuren begins. About ten minutes later we go to the memorial sign; "Stop of a partisan detachment." During the war, the 1st partisan detachment of the Northern Union was stationed here.

Now a few minutes of descent — and you are on the banks of the Burulchi River, where the “Partizansky” tourist shelter is located. We’ll leave our backpacks at the shelter, especially since we’ll spend the night here, and take a light walk to the famous height 1025.

From the Partizansky shelter we go downstream of the river, along its right bank, and, of course, pay attention to a strange structure that resembles a miniature hydroelectric station. As the inscription says, this is a partisan mill and power station of the Zuysky detachment. All that remains of the old partisan mill is the wheel, which lies near a tree on the opposite bank. And the current mill was built by Simferopol tourists in 1966.

The tireless Burulcha runs on. We will follow its fast waters and in 10 minutes we will reach a clearing. The remains of iron boxes are barely visible in the butterbur thickets. Once upon a time they contained shells for a partisan cannon, which was located at an altitude of 1025. A steep, protracted climb — and you are at the top.

In the center of a small area on a stone pedestal is a partisan cannon. To the trunk tall tree a wooden ladder was placed: there was an observation post on this tree. Here is the dugout in which the partisan radio operators lived.

In 1941, this cannon was left to the partisans by units of the Red Army retreating to Sevastopol. In the spring of 1942, with great difficulty, in their arms, the partisans dragged her to the height.

Height 1025 has a horseshoe shape, and our path passes along this giant stone horseshoe. The path leads to a small area above the cliff, to two nearby monuments.

From the mass grave we go down the path to the Partizansky shelter. Before setting up camp, contact the shelter commandant, he will indicate the location. And in the morning we hit the road again.

From the place of overnight stay we will return along the already familiar path to a large clearing where a barrier is installed. From here we continue along the right road through the forest. 35-40 minutes of walking - and in front of us is the already familiar Dolgorukovskaya yayla. Ahead, about four kilometers away, a forested hill is clearly visible. A tall white obelisk clearly stands out against its background.

We leave the road and go in the direction of the obelisk along the yayla. An hour later we are at the foot of the height. From here you can clearly see the Mound of Glory, built at an altitude of 887. Inexorable time has not yet had time to erase the traces of past battles. There are trenches, craters, fragments of bombs and shells all around.

Along the entire edge of the forest there are monuments and obelisks to partisan heroes who died on the battle lines.

Here is one of such monuments. It says: “Here the chief of staff of the 24th partisan detachment, Komsomol member Anatoly Nikolaevich Smirnov, died heroically.” He was only 19 years old...

And here is a monument to the Slovak partisans. Nine names are listed on the slab.

The monument to the partisan Katyusha and its heroic crew was built in 1971.

There are many more monuments and memorial plaques on the spurs of Kolan-Bair, and they are united into a unique memorial complex by a high obelisk, which serves as a landmark on the way to the heights. On the white marble slab are the words: “To the partisan heroes. They fell in this bloody field so that you could live, grow and mature. 1941–1944."

Now let's go to height 887, on the top of which the Mound of Glory was built by the hands of the youth of Simferopol. Next to the mound is a stele with the names of the partisans who died in battles with the invaders imprinted on it.

The tour is coming to an end. But before setting off on the way back, let’s rest a little and drink water from the partisan spring. It is not far from the Mound of Glory. To find the spring, let's go to the place where the country road goes into the forest. To the left of it there is a path along a small beam. It will lead to a gray slab with a bas-relief image of a partisan and the inscription: “Partisan spring... fall, but not only with your lips, but with your heart.” During the war, partisan dugouts were located near this source, and if you look closely at the area, you can still see their traces.

Now let's return to the Mound of Glory and, leaving the buildings under the red roof on the right, we will rise to a small hill - the spur of the Dolgorukovskaya Yayla. From here we will begin our descent towards the Simferopol - Alushta highway. The first bushes and trees remain on the right. We continue to descend along the spur along the edge of the forest for another 200 meters until the cliff. Here, in the greenery of the bushes, you can see a path going to the right and down. Be careful and careful as it is quite steep. A short descent ends in the Kizil-Koba tract, on a tuff platform from which a panorama of the Crimean mountains opens. The entire journey from height 887 to the tuff site will take approximately two hours.

From the “Partisan Cap” monument along the valley of the Kurlyuk-Su river

From Simferopol we take intercity trolleybuses No. 11, 12, 14, 15 to the “Partisan Cap” monument, where, at the request of passengers, the driver will make a stop.

After examining the monument, we will walk along the highway towards Simferopol to the electrical substation, then turn off the highway to the right and go out onto the forest road leading to the Kurlyuk-Su gorge. A few minutes later you are in a clearing where there is a place to rest. Immediately after the clearing, we will cross the river on stones or along a pile of logs and after ten meters we will see a fork in the roads. Let's continue along the left road and cross the river again. The road begins to rise smoothly; the river is no longer visible, you can only hear how it rustles on the right somewhere far below. Another fork, we turn left again and approach the place where the road branches into several paths. They all rise sharply and soon merge into the road again. Choose any one except the far right one, as it will again lead to the river.

The road, gradually rising, goes along the left slope of the nameless tributary of the Kurlyuk-Su River, crosses it and leads to a fork. This time we turn right and emerge onto a ridge overgrown with pine trees. A long and sometimes steep climb begins. The road is very washed out, so it is better to climb along the path along the road. Without turning onto the branches, we go to the road that crosses the path. We continue along the road to the right, along a clearing overgrown with wild pears and apple trees, to the next fork. From here we follow the left road until the sign “Along partisan paths”. Near the sign to the left of the road there is a good path, following which in about 45 minutes we will come to a small area. There is a spring in the right corner.

Having rested at the spring, we continue, sticking to the left paths, walking along the slope until the path leads to open place to young oak plantings, rounding which we will find ourselves on a well-trodden road. We follow it in the same direction and after 20 minutes we find ourselves in a clearing near the barrier. The description of the further path is given above.

To Kolan-Bair with your own transport

From Simferopol you should go northeast along the Feodosiya Highway. At the 11th kilometer, the road to the village goes off to the right. Hut, along which we continue our journey. We pass Mazanka and leave the village on the left. The edges and about another 10 km we will drive along a country road along Dolgorukovskaya Yayla, to a characteristic ledge coniferous forest. Let's stop here for a few minutes and look around. To the right rises the bulk of Chatyrdag, to the left of it the mountains Demerdzhi, Tyrke, Yaman-Tash are clearly visible. In the foreground is the forest-covered height of Kolan Bair, with an obelisk rising against the background of the forest. To the left of Kolan-Bair is the Mound of Glory.

Having understood the situation, continue on your way. The road you were driving along makes a sharp turn to the left and goes down into a ravine, where it branches. Turn right and in 10–15 minutes you will reach the Mound of Glory.

Here you can leave your transport and take a short tour of the partisan memorial. After visiting the monuments of Kolan-Bair and height 887, return to Simferopol along the same road.

Dolgorukovskaya yayla.
General description, peaks, rivers, sources

Dolgorukovskaya yayla (or Subatkan-yayla, if you use the Crimean Tatar name) is a plateau located at the shortest distance from civilization compared to other plateaus of Crimea. It is separated from the village of Perevalnoye, and therefore from the Yalta-Simferopol highway, by a couple of kilometers. Like other eastern plateaus (Chatyr-Dag and Karabi), it decreases from south to north. Sometimes Tyrke-yayla is referred to this plateau, although the latter is closer to Demerdzhi-yayla.

Mount Buki in the southeast of Yaila is the most high point plateau (1023 meters above sea level). You can also call Mount Chalbash (1003 meters), Kalan-Bair (914 meters), Kol-Bair (818 meters), Yankoy-Bair (883 meters).

There are water sources on the plateau: Yarmak-Chokrak and Veyrat-Chokrak. Western tributaries of the Angara, such as Kizilkobinka and Raspberry Stream, originate from clear springs at the foot of the Dolgorukovskaya Yayla. In the north, similar springs feed the Beshterek, Dair-Adan, Mulla-Kol, Shchetleu-Chokrak, and Choban-Suvat rivers.

Dry lakes - goli - are depressions lined with clay at the bottom, which prevents water from penetrating through karst cavities in the limestone. During melting snow or heavy rains, they can fill with water. After the shepherds stopped strengthening them and covering the bottom with an additional layer of clay, the goli fell into decline, as did the entire pasture industry. The Dolgorukovskaya yayla was severely damaged by livestock grazing; the erosion that gained momentum destroyed the scarce soils and negatively affected the vegetation of the plateau.

The toponym “Dolgorukovskaya Yayla” is associated with the descendants of Prince V.M. Dolgorukov, who led the Russian troops fighting in Crimea at the end of the eighteenth century. His heirs owned lands in the Mamut-Sultan area (now the village of Dobroye just north of Perevalnoye). It was established as an official name after the revolution, in the twenties.

The surface of the lower plateau consists of vast karst fields covered with sinkholes, ponoras and basins; there are also caves. The yayla is very poorly afforested due to the rocky surface.

A few more words need to be said about the Subotkhan River. It is unique in that during high water it changes its course and disappears into the Proval mine. During the dry season, Subotkhan crosses the Dolgorukovskaya yayla and flows into the Burulcha River in the east. Thus, this river feeds two different systems, because from the Proval mine, as researchers believe, it pours its waters into the underground part of the river, which on the surface is already called Kizilkobinka.

Borders of Dolgorukovskaya Yayla

In the south, the border of the plateau can be considered a narrow valley separating the plateau from Tyrke-yayla. In this valley (and partly along the yayla) the Subotkhan River flows, which gave the local name to the plateau. In the east, a similar valley of the Burulcha River separates it from the Orta-Syrt yayla.

In the west, the yayla descends steep rocky cliffs into the vicinity of Perevalnoye and the valley of the Angara River.

The village of Perevalnoye near the western border Dolgorukovskaya Yayla	View of Dolgorukovskaya yayla and the village Perevalnoye from the Chatyr-Dag plateau

In the north, the yayla descends into forests, where its limits are rather uncertain, but not north of latitude Mayak Mountains (726 meters).

Scheme of tourist sites of Dolgorukovskaya Yayla:

Cave and geological natural monument Kizil-Koba

The Red Cave, as you can call it by translating the toponym into Russian, is the largest of all the caves of the Crimean Peninsula (the reddish color of the upper part of the slopes of the Kizil-Kobinsky gorge is given by reddish limestones) and the most famous object on the Dolgorukovskaya Yayla. 270 thousand cubic meters of space with 25 kilometers of accessible length. Six floors and many galleries and halls (Academic, Chinese, Indian) represent an intricate system of passages, so visiting this cave is possible only under the supervision of a guide who knows it. Kizil-Koba is very beautiful, it has everything that tourists want to see in a cave: underground rivers and lakes (with an area of ​​up to 500 square meters), waterfalls and siphons, stalagmites and stalactites (one of the latter - an eight-meter giant - is among the largest in Europe).

In the distant halls of the Kizil-Koba cave (Red Cave)

The entire complex of caves is enclosed within the boundaries of the geological natural monument of national significance “Kizil-Koba”. It is located three kilometers from the Yalta-Simferopol highway and the village of Perevalnoye on thirty hectares of forest bordering a steep western border Dolgorukovskaya Yayla.

The forest is a protected forest, its main inhabitants are hornbeam, oak, hazel, dogwood, and maple. On its territory you can admire the Su-Uchkhan waterfall, which beautifully cascades down from a height of more than forty meters.

The river of the same name emerges from the bowels of the cave and after two kilometers flows into the Kizilkobinka River, which in turn flows into the Angara, a tributary of the Salgir, which feeds Simferopol. The river cut a gorge in the thickness of the Upper Jurassic limestone, and the particles of dissolved lime contained in its composition formed a large tuff platform at the entrance to the cave, which, having risen over time, blocked the gorge. The waters of the river, rushing down, form a cascading waterfall on the slope of this site. It should be noted that only the lower floors, which are experiencing karst youth, are filled with water, the upper ones are completely dry.

The lower entrance to the Kizil-Koba cave is called Kharanlykh-Koba, that is, “dark cave”, the upper one is Iel-Koba (Wind Cave).

Besides all your natural wonders, the cave invited scientists to solve the mystery of the material artifacts left here by ancient man. Based on the name of the cave, a person of this era is called Kizilkobin, his culture dates back to the first half of the 1st millennium BC.

Other famous caves of Dolgorukovskaya Yayla

Other remarkable caves on the plateau include the Yeni-Sala cave system (three caves). The Yeni-Sala-2 cave was discovered by accident in 1959 and immediately offered archaeologists interesting finds. The temple of the Kizilkobin man was found here. But everything that spoke about the sanctuary was taken away by tourists back in Soviet time. Now Yeni-Sala-2 can only boast of natural attractions, such as two halls and three stalagmites in the lower one, where the temple was found.

The Yeni-Sala-3 cave is located not far from Yeni-Sala-2. Unlike the latter, it is primarily interesting as a natural attraction. Underground rivers, siphons, wells, lakes of this young cave - all this will, no doubt, be of interest to speleologists. The lower part of the cave is constantly filled with water, the upper - from time to time.

Yeni-Sala-1, unlike its third sister, is dry, light and accessible to visitors. Fragments of vessels belonging to the Kizilkobin culture were found in it. The lower layers reveal the history of the Neanderthals who lived here in prehistoric times (it is important to add that along the Subotkhan River archaeologists also found traces of sites ancient man from the Neolithic). The 113-meter cave has three entrances.

The Proval Cave is located in the southern part of the Dolgorukovskaya Yayla between Mount Chalbash and the Subotkhan River. The explored length is 1250 meters, depth is 104 meters. It ends with a blocky blockage. Scientists believe that it has a connection with Kizil-Koba, like Averkiev’s ponor well, which is located north of the Red Cave and has a length of 405 meters.

Mound of Glory and other memorials on Dolgorukovskaya Yayla

One cannot ignore the Mound of Glory located in the northeast of Yaila, a memorial in the form of a white star in honor of the Crimean partisans who fought for three years armed struggle with the German occupiers. The partisans maintained constant control over the forests between two yailas - Karabi and Dolgorukovskaya - for more than two years and only retreated under the pressure of superior enemy forces, but did not surrender. In the area at an altitude of 886 meters, where the memorial now stands, at the turn of 1943 and 1944, the final bloody confrontation took place, as a result of which the partisans were forced to leave north beyond the Yaman-Tash ridge.

Another monument to the partisans stands on Mount Kol-Bair (818 meters) in the north of the plateau.

On the other side of Dolgorukovskaya Yayla, near the Yalta-Simferopol highway, three kilometers south of the village of Perevalnoye, there is a memorial to the partisans, called the “Partisan Cap”.

North-west of the Mound of Glory there is a monument in the form of a model of an airplane, marking the location of the Ivanenkovsky airfield, which in 1943-44 served to supply the partisans with weapons and provisions from the air.

Just south of the Mound of Glory you can find a monument Soviet soldier S. Kurseitov, who died in 1944 at the hands of local collaborators.

When descending from the Dolgorukovskaya Yayla from the Mound of Glory to the north, do not pass by the partisan spring “Palms”, the water from which is collected in a bowl of an installation in the form of human palms. On a stone slab nearby is a bas-relief of a partisan in a hat.

Flora and fauna of Dolgorukovskaya Yayla

In the upper reaches of the Burulcha River, on the slopes of the Dolgorukovskaya yayla, beech, hornbeam, Steven maple, and juniper grow, but the most unique can be considered the endemic wolfberry, which you will not find anywhere else in Crimea. Discovered in 1961, the wolfberry was immediately identified as an ancient endemic, the closest relatives of which grow 500-700 kilometers from Crimea. It grows on yaila and in the undergrowth as a shrub a little more than a meter tall.

On Dolgorukovskaya Yayla you can find crocuses, peonies, thyme, euonymus, adonis, larkspur, Bieberstein's lily, rock violet - all rare and legally protected plants. Spring on the plateau is always charming.

The fauna is mainly represented by small animals and rodents: hare, marten, badger, weasel, squirrel, mouse, but you can also find roe deer, deer, and wild boar. The sky is dominated by the kestrel, owl, buzzard, crook, swift, swallow, lark and other birds.

Routes of Dolgorukovskaya Yayla and its surroundings

Tourist route No. 148 starts from the village of Tchaikovskoye, which is east of Perevalnoye. It runs along the southern part of the plateau through the Voldar gully, past the triangular-crowned Mount Chalbash and the source of the Subotkhan River, and leads to Orta-Syrt-yayla, joining the 156th route.

From the same Tchaikovsky there is another route along the southern slopes of Dolgorukovskaya Yayla. Up to the tourist parking lot "Malinovaya" it is called 140th, from "Malinovaya" to the parking lot "Beech Cordon" - 142nd. The site is called Raspberry because the path to it lies along the bank of the Raspberry Brook. The parking lot is well equipped in a dense beech forest. Among the beech trees there is a parking lot “Beech Cordon”, where there are gazebos, tables and water. There is a forester living at the cordon from whom you can get firewood.

From the Beech Cordon, route 145, partly passing along the plateau, will lead to the Partizanskaya Polyana tourist site, sheltered by a shady forest. The clearing has had this name since the war, when partisan paths converged here. The campsite is located at the confluence of the Burulchi and the Partizanka River, so there is always water here.

Probably the most interesting route through Dolgorukovskaya yayla is the 149th tourist route. It starts from the Kizil-Koba tourist site, and by turning a little you can visit famous cave, but still this road goes north, past the Bazar-Oba mountain to the Mound of Glory. This route takes you almost exclusively along the rocky plateau, or rather its northern part.

A trail can lead along the steep western part of the yayla, starting from the “Beech Cordon” to Mount Kol-Bair, on which there is a monument to the partisans. This trail is interesting because in its vicinity, turning left, you can find three Yeni-Sala caves, and it’s just a stone’s throw from Kizil-Koba. Right next to the road, near the junction of Route 148, you can see Proval Cave.

A long and full of impressions route is offered by the trail from the Beech Cordon tourist site to Mount Kol-Bair. She suggests going around first along the eastern edge, and then along the northern edge of the entire plateau. It is less of a trail than a network of trails and roads, by choosing one or another of which you can modify your route without losing the general direction.

Climate of Dolgorukovskaya Yayla

Dolgorukovskaya yayla is one of the coldest yaylas in Crimea, only Karabi-yayla can compete with it. Unprotected from the north, it is influenced by the harsh steppe climate. In winter, snow often falls and there are noticeable frosts. Winters here are longer and summers are cooler and shorter than on other plateaus.

To summarize, we can say that, despite the relatively cold climate, Dolgorukovskaya Yayla can boast of accessibility and the absence of difficult climbs. Tourists who practice multi-day hikes can always visit Karabi-Yaylu. The Kizil-Koba cave will be a significant trophy for any fan of active recreation.

Dolgorukovskaya yayla is another plateau that is worth visiting in Crimea.

olegman37