In 1889, namely in April, two people were born who became famous not only in Europe, but throughout the world. They were Charlie Chaplin and Adolf Hitler. Sir Charles Spencer (Charlie) Chaplin was born on April 16, 1889, in London, Great Britain, and Adolf Gitler- April 20 in Ranshofen, Braunau am Inn Upper Austria, Austria-Hungary. These two men had not only external resemblance, like short stature and small mustaches, they also had similarities in life positions. Both were forced to fight for survival with all their might (whatever they have to do!) It's just that one had the role of a humanist, and the second was made a villain, while both were used by the globalists for their own purposes.

It is no coincidence that we emphasized this aspect, because when international terrorism has intensified today with the support of world transnational corporations, when the West does not seek to support the actions of Russia and Iran in the fight against terrorists in Syria, without fully understanding what threat it poses, then a certain analogy arises. with the past. Why, we will explain further.

Fate generously endowed Charlie Chaplin (April 16, 1889 - December 25, 1977) with talents. He was a brilliant comedian and the creator of a number of immortal comedy images, a talented screenwriter, director, producer, musician (played the piano, cello, violin freely and composed music). Over a 75-year career, he made 14 feature films, participated in the filming and acted as a director, screenwriter or producer in 70 short films. Bernard Shaw called Chaplin "the only genius who came out of the film industry." All this is certainly true.

When preparing an article about Charlie Chaplin, we got acquainted with his story, leafing through Peter Weil's guide "The Genius of the Place" (we will dwell on some points of this story below), and we remembered one old Hasidic parable about money, which is quite related to Chaplin's life credo (which he did not deny it in his autobiography).

Here is the parable. It's called The Parable of the Glass.

“Once a man came to the sage and asked: “Why, as soon as we have money, do we immediately spoil?” The wise man said to the man: “And you go to the window and tell me what you see there?” The man looked out the window and answered: “I see a woman who is walking with a bag, obviously to the market. I also see a driver and his horse.” “Well, now come up to that wall,” the sage continued, “what do you see THERE?” “Mirror,” the man answered. “Well, what do you see in the mirror?” “Well, what can I see in the mirror? I see my face! "Well," the sage chuckled.

Through ordinary glass, we are able to see the whole world, but we only need to put a little silver on the glass - and we already see only ourselves! »

And here's the story about Charlie Chaplin (according to Peter Weil's guidebook).

Charlie ChaplinCharles Chaplin

It contains a statement that characterizes Chaplin as a person.

Chaplin, it turns out, spoke with irritation (repeating his statement, probably more than once):

“I do not find anything attractive and instructive in poverty. She taught me nothing and only perverted my idea of ​​the values ​​of life.”

The philosopher Blaise Pascal, for example, did not think about this subject at all.

“If God hadn’t laid us on our backs from time to time, we wouldn’t have had time to look at the sky”

But did Charlie Chaplin want to "look at the sky"? That's the main question. It seems not.

The myth that has developed around the name of Charlie Chaplin is far from his real image, which, by the way, he did not hide. But how often and a lot do we read the notes of actors and other memoirs? .. Chaplin was obsessed with the idea of ​​\u200b\u200b"earning a million." The god of gold held him tenaciously by the collar.

By the way, Chaplin was very annoyed by the fact that in Europe and especially in Russia they made him into a kind of “Dostoevsky” image of a sufferer for all the humiliated and offended.

“Russians appreciate only sentimentality in me, and they don’t need anything more from me,” Chaplin was offended.

Chaplin's laugh was evil, and he himself was evil, and he made no secret of it.

Chaplin has a film called The Gold Rush (1925). It was about this film that he once said:

"It's a picture that I want to stay in people's memory."

Noble? Let's see.

The plot of the Gold Rush was based on real events. This is a terrible page in the history of the development of the American "West". History of the Donner Expedition.

150 gold diggers were cut off from the world by an avalanche on the mountain pass of the Sierra Nevada. They died of hunger and cold. But before they died, they lost their human form. Cannibalism began among them, and some of them tried to eat their moccasins - hunger drives a person crazy.

And this is what Charlie Chaplin writes in his memoirs. As they say, the word to the author:

“It was this tragic situation that gave me one of the funniest scenes in the Gold Rush. Hungry, I boiled my shoe and sucked on the nails like chicken bones and swallowed my laces like spaghetti. People were dying of hunger, they began to eat leather soles and shoelaces and everything ... And I thought: There is something funny in this.

You know, about the above, there is a wonderful quote from Dostoevsky, from his novel The Teenager. This quote is about their And strangers easily recognizable by laughter.

“With laughter, another person completely betrays himself, and you suddenly recognize your ins and outs. If you want to examine a person and know his soul, then look not into how he is silent, or how he speaks, or how he cries, or even how he is excited by the noblest ideas, but you look better than him when he laughs. Laughter is the truest test of the soul” (below we will dwell on Chaplin’s film “The Great Dictator”, in which he parodied Hitler and showed the sinister essence of fascism in a comical form).

Yes, Chaplin's values ​​are literally valuable (as Peter Weil noted).

In 1922, having become rich, Charlie Chaplin settled in the Beverly Hills area, where he built a huge house for himself. It was a house of forty rooms, with a cinema hall and an organ, with a columned portico and a round tower - eclectic, pompous and wildly tasteless (according to eyewitnesses).

According to Chaplin, poverty taught him nothing (we willingly believe).

But thinking about such a house, you involuntarily ask yourself the question:

“What has wealth taught you, Charlie? And where does this wealth come from?

CHARLIE CHAPLIN AND ADOLF HITLER

Hitler always spoke very briefly and vaguely about his parents, constantly overestimating and obscuring his origins. At the age of 16, he left the real school in Steyr and decided to become an artist. At the age of 15, the future Fuhrer composed a play, wrote poetry and short stories, and also composed a libretto for Wagner's opera based on the Wieland legend and an overture. Adolf was an excellent painter of landscapes and still lifes, but failed his exams in which he had to paint portraits. He was advised to become an architect.

In September 1908, Hitler made another attempt to enter the Vienna Art Academy, but failed in the first round. After the failure, Hitler changed his place of residence several times without giving anyone new addresses. Avoided service in Austrian army. He did not want to serve in the same army with the Czechs and Jews, to fight "for the Habsburg state", but at the same time he was ready to die for the German Reich. He got a job as an "academic artist", and from 1909 as a writer.

He was a participant in the First World War. On October 13, 1918, Hitler was seriously shell-shocked near Ypres as a result of a gas attack and temporarily blinded. He learned about the surrender of Germany and the overthrow of the Kaiser while in the hospital. This news made a huge impression on him. He was sure that all this could only happen because of someone's betrayal. Hitler later claimed that it was then that he realized what role history had in store for him and vowed to revive a great Germany.

Hitler in 1918, after the hospital returned to Munich. He immediately joined the ranks of the German Workers' Party and very soon became its leader.

In 1934 Adolf Hitler assumed the powers of head of state and commander in chief armed forces. The title of president was abolished; from now on, Hitler should be called the Fuhrer and Reich Chancellor.

In 1940, Germany occupied many countries.

Charlie Chaplin was born on East Lane, in the Walworth area, to a family of music hall artists. Shortly after his birth, the family moved to West Square, St. George's Road, in Lambeth. His parents - Charles Spencer Chaplin Sr. and Hannah Chaplin (based on the stage of Lily Gurley) - were stage actors. Mother performed with songs and dances in various theaters. Hannah Chaplin fell seriously ill shortly after her husband's death. Brothers Sid and Charlie (along with their mother) ended up in a workhouse in Lambeth, and then were sent to a school for orphans and poor children. They had to earn their own living. In 1896, Hannah lost her mind and was later committed to a psychiatric clinic. Charlie began to perform on stage and earn money.

At first, Chaplin tries to imitate the rather crude style of Sennett's impromptu comedies, but it is precisely the departure from this style that brings him success. Soon he became a famous film actor and began to shape and hone his screen image - the image of a harmless-looking tramp - a little man.

In 1918, the tramp Charlie was already known all over the world! And Chaplin himself got the opportunity to make films as he saw fit. First World War had not yet ended when his comedy “On the Shoulder!” came out on the screens.

And Charlie Chaplin in 1940 shoots his film "The Great Dictator" with a rather obvious political overtones.

So in parallel, so different people walked through life, but so outwardly similar, who united in a single image in this film.

Therefore, the question is: why did Adolf Hitler choose this style of mustache for himself? The answer is clear - this is a manifestation of someone's matrix control (for what it is - read the article "Matrix control - it's time to master the magic" - http://inance.ru/2015/09/matrix/). IN modern world developed information technologies and an abundance of various images, the previously hidden type of control is manifesting itself more and more clearly. The control of matrices and through them the collective unconscious of the peoples of the Earth today is already visible to many, while in the distant past it was the prerogative of dedicated priests, although they did not call this type of control that way.

It is known that Charlie Chaplin acquired a mustache back in 1914. Hitler is two years later - in the First World War. And there is a version that the future Fuhrer was a big fan of the English comedian and, under the influence of his image, acquired a “toothbrush” (this is the name of this mustache - our note).

Interestingly, in 1940, Chaplin starred in the film The Great Dictator as Adenoid Hynkel, which was a parody of Hitler. The film was even sent to the Fuhrer. Chaplin, upon hearing that Hitler had seen the film, said:

"I would give anything to know what he thinks of this film."

But the Fuhrer's direct reaction remained unknown. But it is known that Stalin did not like the film very much.

And here a quite reasonable question arises: why did Stalin not like the film that made fun of his enemy? Here it is necessary to understand the semantic subtext of this film (read the article “Symbols in the management of society” - http://inance.ru/2016/05/simvol/), and then it will become clear why Stalin was critical of this film. The semantic subtext in his works was also reflected by the Russian classic A.P. Chekhov, who was worried about the “damned question” about the truth of human relations.

SEMANTIC SUBTEXT OF THE FILM "THE GREAT DICTATOR"

Before talking about this film, about its double meaning, it is necessary to explain what Chekhov's "subtext" is.

The special nature of the conflict demanded from Chekhov new ways of organizing stage action. The absence of events in the drama has created a dependence of a different kind - dependence on mood, elusive and not motivated by the logic of cause-and-effect relationships.

Chekhov is interested in the hero’s experiences that are not declared in monologues (“They don’t feel what they say” - K.S. Stanislavsky), but disguise themselves in the clothes of “random replicas” and go into subtext, which constitutes the so-called “undercurrent” of the play. It is based on the gap between the direct meaning of a replica, dialogue, remark and the meaning that they acquire in the context.

Chekhov did not reveal everything in the hero’s mental life, he led a lot into the “undercurrent” of the narrative, into the “subtext”, activating the perception and imagination of the reader, forcing the latter, together with the author, to participate in psychological analysis:

“When I write, I fully rely on the reader, believing that he will add the subjective elements missing in the story himself” (T.15, p.151).

And now about the film, which has both Chekhov's "subtext", and an understanding of what symbols are in the management of society, as well as matrix management.

The premiere of The Great Dictator took place on October 15, 1940. The year before World War II was going on. The comedy became Chaplin's most successful film. She has received numerous awards, including five Oscars. The "Great Dictator" brought huge profits to Charlie, the size of which is not known to this day. And Hitler looked at the picture twice, which indirectly indicates how he reacted to this picture. And you can ask an interesting question for reflection: How did this film affect the behavior of the Fuhrer himself, how did Hitler change, what did he learn from Chaplin's work?

“Of course, if I had known then about the true horrors of German concentration camps, I would not have been able to make The Dictator, I would not have been able to laugh at the Nazis, at their monstrous mania of destruction” (https://kinoyurco.com/ct/yur_id_10486.php ).

That is, years later, Charlie Chaplin admits that he did not take fascism seriously, with a certain amount of comedy, which, of course, raises a lot of questions.

The importance of cinema in the field of propaganda is well known, and bright to that An example is this film, which combined the art of cinema and political propaganda.

Chaplin's political views undoubtedly showed up in his film, created as a satire on political regimes(in his opinion) of that time in Germany and Italy. Back in 1931, in a conversation when it came to B. Mussolini, Chaplin said:

“Modern dictators are clowns who are pulled by the rope by industrialists and financiers” (Sadoul, J. Life of Charlie. Charles Spencer Chaplin, his films and his time / J. Sadoul. - M .: Progress, 1965. - 318 p.) .

In the 30s of the 20th century, Hollywood remained true to itself and continued to develop its usual themes and genres that were profitable. As for the anti-fascist theme, it was practically taboo.

And at this time, Charlie Chaplin releases the first (!) sound film in which he uses his resemblance to Hitler, while it is no coincidence that he uses the familiar on-screen image of a tramp, a small person who first appeared in the comedy "Children's Car Races", which premiered February 7, 1914. At the same time, Chaplin also invented the tramp costume. So this film has two sides of the coin.

(Let's say right away that we are expressing our point of view, since admirers of the talent of the great comedian will not agree with us. At the same time, we want to say that no one disputes the greatness of Charlie Chaplin as an actor, we simply focus on a number of semantic subtexts of the film's plot).

Chaplin with this film brings us the idea that Hitler is as ridiculous as his tramp hero, that is, for him the manifestation of fascism is nothing more than a comedy, that it is not scary.

Marginal Notes on Fascism

Fascism in both modifications (fascism of the oligarchic-dictatorial type and liberal fascism) is a system of misanthropy that prevents the formation of a culture in which an individual can take place as a real Man.
This definition is easily confirmed by life, if you look at the degradation of culture and education both in fascist Germany, in modern liberal Russia, and in Western countries, primarily Western Europe and USA.

Fascism is one of the types of culture of social self-government, possible only in a crowd-“elitist” society.
The organizational and political essence of fascism as such, regardless of what it is called, what ideas it hides behind and what ways it exercises power in society - in the active support of the crowd of "little people" - according to their ideological conviction or lack of ideas on the basis of animal- instinctive behavior - a system of abuse of power by the "elitist" oligarchy, which:

• presents unrighteousness as allegedly true "righteousness", and on this basis, distorting people's worldview, cultivates
• unrighteousness in society, preventing people from taking place as a person;
  under various pretexts, with all the power under her control, she suppresses everyone and everyone who doubts the righteousness of her own and her policies, and also suppresses those whom she suspects of this.

Chaplin, presenting the Fuhrer as funny to the public, actively worked on the formation of what kind of culture in society? The culture of the formation of humanity or the culture of small people and oligarchic groups above them, that is, a fascist culture?

Conveying to the viewer the idea of ​​the Fuhrer's comedy, Chaplin not only prepared American society for war (it's easy to defeat a clown there), but also promoted the very culture of fascism, since the ridiculed evil does not cease to be evil, it is simply less feared, which means it can be easier let into your life. And this was beneficial not only to the global forces that nurtured Hitler, but also to the local oligarchs who profited well from the war. Recall how the US economy rose as a result of the Second World War.

marginal notes

World War I, undermining the economy European countries, put forward USA to the role of leader of the capitalist world. The warring countries needed a variety of goods that were no longer produced by their industry, transferred to a war footing. These goods could be bought from the only large industrial non-belligerent country, the United States. During the war years, the export of American goods increased 1.5 times.

Industrial production more than doubled from 1938 to 1948; for comparison, we note that during the period between the wars, that is, 20 years of peaceful development, production increased by only 30%. The share of the United States in world production has also grown. If before the war the USA provided 40% of the world's capitalist industrial output, by the end of the war it was 62%. From 1938 to 1990 industrial production USA increased 10.1 times (http://www.gumer.info/bibliotek_Buks/Econom/konot/16.php).

By changing the name of the dictator (in the film, his name is Adenoid Hinkel), as well as the names of his closest associates, Charlie made everything else absolutely recognizable: mustaches, military uniform, eccentric behavior, gestures and intonations.

Thanks to this film, Charlie Chaplin became even richer, as did the financial-oligarchic capitalism (and, in fact, fascism) of the West.

Therefore, it is no coincidence that globalists erected a monument to Charlie Chaplin on the shores of Lake Geneva in Switzerland in honor of Charlie's services to them, which is confirmed by this video:

Similarly, in those years, such films were produced in Germany. The German film The Triumph of the Will (1935) was propagandistic through and through - the story about the NSDAP congress in Nuremberg lasts almost two hours on the screen. Just in this film, Goebbels said the phrase:

“It may be good to have power based on a dictatorship, but it is much better to win and not lose the hearts of people.”

This film became one of the most outstanding documentaries in history - its propaganda power is felt today. To direct quotation of the "Triumph of the Will" resorted George Lucas in one of the scenes Star Wars IV". If only this film was released not under the name "Triumph of the Will", but under the name - "The Apotheosis of Lack of Will", what an anti-fascist film it would be then!

His powerful film response to fascism in the Soviet Union appeared in 1965, when " Ordinary fascism» Mikhail Romm. Using newsreels of the Third Reich, photographs from German archives, and even footage from Triumph of the Will, Romm shows Nazi Germany not as circles of hell or endless rows of barracks, but as a prosperous capitalist country. Here are the German schoolchildren, here is the stage, here are the factories and farms. Ordinary people walk along German streets, ordinary families live in German houses. However, this ordinariness is dominated by the essence of fascism, Goebbels' "unification", the power of the oligarchy over a crowd of small people.

And Romm, despite his emotional and even biased off-screen commentary, is trying to show that fascism was born and flourished not in a society of murderers and sadists, but in the most ordinary Western society. And therefore, it can be born at any moment, in any place - one has only to forget about the past. And you can not treat such phenomena with humor. As you can see, M. Romm turned out to be right.

AFTERWORD

On December 25, 1977, the actor, who entertained tens of millions of people in the 20th century with his work, died in his sleep at his home in Switzerland. On March 1, 1978, his interred body was stolen. The criminals hoped to get a good reward, but were arrested by the police. The remains of Charlie Chaplin were found only after almost two months on the shores of Lake Geneva. They were reburied, hidden under concrete ... two meters thick. Is it by chance? The history is strange with these remains.

Charlie Chaplin at the Oscars

Chaplin is one of the most famous and mysterious. Even Hollywood could not digest such a unique figure, and the genius was forced to leave America and settle in quiet Switzerland. But what did he have before that, to him, who was recognized even when cinema was not recognized in principle?

At the beginning of the twentieth century, Charlie Chaplin was called the most famous figure in the world. Today, at the beginning of the 21st century, we remember what he left to the world. 11 children, countless mistresses, in search of which he was tireless until his death, a scandalous story with thieves who stole the coffin with his body. But we remember his image of a “little man” with a cane and a bowler hat.

There have been little people at all times, even when the trees were big. Little people can give rise to a fascist culture, forgetting about their mission on Earth - to take place as Humans.

At the end of our article, we draw the attention of our readers once again that we do not in the least detract from the great talent of Charlie Chaplin, foreseeing, probably, critical comments addressed to us.

Our story is about how little people (what Charlie Chaplin, what Adolf Hitler, what their enthusiastic admirers) can influence the world order and worldview of society and can delay the formation of humanity on Earth.

On December 25, 1977, Charlie Chaplin died - a truly legendary person. Silent cinema has become history today, but even children will recognize the images created by this brilliant actor.

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On December 25, 1977, Charlie Chaplin died - a truly legendary person. Neither world fame nor two Oscars could protect this great director and comedian actor from the disgrace of the authorities, who was an active political personality off the screen and sought to achieve the notorious "peace in the world."

Chaplin's career spanned 75 years

Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin was born April 16, 1889 in Walworth (UK) in a family of music hall artists.

He first appeared on stage at the age of 5, when it was necessary to replace his mother in the program, who had problems with the larynx. Little Charlie managed to break the applause of the audience, who threw coins and banknotes at him.

The young actor captivated the audience even more when he began to collect this money from the stage right during the performance with childish spontaneity.

From that moment, Chaplin's career began, which, stretching for 75 years, continued until the death of the great comedian.

en.wikipedia.org

Biography

Chaplin actively used the techniques of facial expressions and buffoonery, although starting from the 1920s, much more serious social topics began to take place in his work than was the case in the early period of short films. Beginning in April 1914, Chaplin began to act as a director and screenwriter of most films with his own participation, from 1916 he also produced films, and from 1918 he wrote music.

Together with Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks and David Griffith, Charles Chaplin founded the famous film studio United Artists in 1919.

Winner of the American Film Academy Award in 1973 and twice winner of the out-of-competition honorary Oscar in 1929 and 1972. Chaplin received the honorary Oscar in 1972 with the following wording of the artist's merit - for his invaluable contribution to the fact that cinema has become an art in this century. Younger brother actor Sydney Chaplin.

Chaplin was one of the most creative and influential people in the silent film era. Chaplin's work was greatly influenced by the French comedian Max Linder, to whom he dedicated one of his films. His career began back in the Victorian era, when little Charlie first appeared on the stage of the Music Hall in the UK and, stretching for 75 years, continued almost until the artist's death at the age of 88. After a resounding success in Hollywood, Chaplin was forced to leave the United States under pressure high-profile scandals, revelations of details of his personal life and accusations of sympathy for the ideas of communism during the McCarthy era in the early 1950s.

In 1999, the American Film Institute ranked Charlie Chaplin number 10 on their list of the 100 Greatest Male Movie Stars in 100 Years. In a 2008 review of Chaplin: A Life, Martin Siff wrote: "Chaplin was not just big man he was a giant. In 1915, he sprang into the world like a ghost with his gift for comedy, laughter and help, at a time when everything was being torn apart in the First World War, and for the next 25 years - during both the Great Depression and the rise of Adolf Hitler. , - he continued to create ... It is unlikely that any other person will ever be able to bring more joy, pleasure and relief at a time when most people need them so much. George Bernard Shaw called Chaplin "the only genius who came out of the film industry."

Early years in England (1889-1909)

Charlie Chaplin was born April 16, 1889 in London, in a family of music hall artists. His parents - Charles Spencer Chaplin Sr. and Hannah Chaplin (on the stage of Lily Gurley) - were stage actors. Mother performed with songs and dances in various theaters, including in the entreprise of famous composers, authors of popular operettas - Gilbert and Sullivan. Shortly before her marriage to Chaplin, Hannah gave birth to Sidney Hill, stepbrother Charlie, from a certain Jew named Hawkes. Later, Sidney was given the surname Chaplin, like her mother after marriage, brother and stepfather.

Charles Chaplin Sr. was the owner of a pleasant baritone voice - he was very popular in London's music halls in the mid-1880s. He repeatedly had to tour in Europe, he performed in New York. In his repertoire there were also songs composed by himself. The stage career of Charles Spencer Chaplin Sr. ended tragically: he lost his voice, lost his engagement, began to drink and died on May 9, 1901 at St. Thomas at the age of 37. In addition, the paternal grandmother, who died when Charlie was not yet 6 years old, came from the Smith family, who belonged to the gypsies, which the actor himself was extremely proud of, although he described it in his biography as "a skeleton in the family closet."

Charlie first appeared on stage in 1894, at the age of five, replacing his mother in the music hall program, due to problems with the larynx, and she later completely lost her singing voice. Little Charlie received a standing ovation from the audience, who started throwing coins and banknotes onto the stage. He captivated the audience even more, becoming with childish spontaneity to collect this money right during the performance. Hannah did not appear on stage again.

Hannah Chaplin fell seriously ill shortly after her husband's death. In 1896, she lost her mind and was later committed to a psychiatric clinic. Brothers Sid and Charlie (along with their mother) ended up in a workhouse in Lambeth, and then were sent to a school for orphans and poor children. They had to earn their own living.

In late 1898, Chaplin joined the Eight Lancashire Lads, a children's dance group. Interestingly, later critics called Chaplin's films "film-ballet". At Christmas 1900, the Lancashire Lads participated in the Cinderella pantomime; Chaplin in a cat costume for the first time got the opportunity to make the audience laugh. In the spring of 1901, Chaplin left the Lancashire Boys. Charlie rarely attended school, worked as a newspaper salesman, medical assistant, printer, etc., but did not stay anywhere for a long time because of his young age.

In 1903 he (at the age of 14) got a permanent job in the theater and the role of Billy the messenger in the play Sherlock Holmes. At this time, Chaplin was practically illiterate. When he was handed the text of the role, he was afraid that he would be asked to read aloud several paragraphs. Brother Sidney helped him learn the role.

For several years, Charlie has also played variety shows. From the age of 16, he regularly played the violin for 4-16 hours a day, took lessons from a theater conductor, or his acquaintances.

On February 21, 1908, he received a place as an actor in Fred Karno's theater company, which supplied ready-made sketches and pantomimes for a number of music halls, and soon became one of the key actors in a number of productions (he later adapted some of them for the screen).

Early years in the USA (1910-1913)

Chaplin with the Carnot Company was on tour in the United States from September 1910 to June 1912. In 1912, he returned to England for five months, and on October 2, 1912, the young man arrived with the Carnot troupe in the USA and remained in this country. During one of his performances, film producer Mac Sennett notices him. Mac likes Charlie's game, and he invites the artist to work in his studio "Keystone Film" (Keystone Film). On September 23, 1913, Chaplin signed a contract with Keystone Film with a salary of $150 a week.

The appearance of the image of the Tramp, the growth of popularity (1914-1918)

At first, Chaplin tries to imitate the rather crude style of Sennett's impromptu comedies, but it is precisely the departure from this style that brings him success. Soon he becomes a famous film actor and begins to shape and hone his screen image. At first, his character Chaz (on the shooting "crackers" in the surviving working takes, he was designated as Chas Chaplin, Avenarius calls him "Chase") looked like an impudent crook and ladies' man, but gradually more and more human warmth and lyricism appears in him, which the viewer used to associate with image of the Little Tramp. Gradually mastering all the new aspects of filmmaking, Chaplin ceases to be satisfied only with acting work and persuades Sennett to allow him to direct films himself. Soon Chaplin begins to realize that working for Sennett limits his creative possibilities, and leaves Keystone.

In 1914, Chaplin made his first film on his own (Caught in the Rain), in which he acted as an actor, director and screenwriter.

Charlie's earnings are growing rapidly: if in 1914 at Keystone he receives $ 150 a week, then already in 1915 at the Essanay Film studio - 1250 per week plus a bonus of 10,000 per contract; in 1916-1917, at Mutual Film - 10,000 a week plus 150,000 for a contract. In 1917, Chaplin entered into a contract with First National Pictures for $1 million, becoming at that time the most expensive actor in history.

Activities at United Artists (1919-1939)

Over time, Chaplin decided to find creative independence and in 1919 founded the United Artists studio with Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks and David W. Griffith.

In 1921, Chaplin made a trip to Europe on the liner "Olympic", the brother of the Titanic. Huge crowds gather in London and Paris at his appearance. During the first three days in London, Chaplin received 73,000 letters. In Berlin, no one knew him; in post-war Germany, Chaplin's films were not shown. Chaplin made his second visit to Europe in 1931 - during the premiere of the film City Lights. Chaplin visited Europe for the third time in 1936 during a screening of the film Modern Times.

Until 1922, Chaplin did not have his own home - he lived in rented houses, hotels and a club. In 1922, Chaplin built his house in Beverly Hills. In addition to 40 rooms, the house had a cinema hall and an organ.

Silent cinema brought fame to Chaplin, and although sound appeared in films as early as 1927, Charlie remained true to the old film technique for another decade. Chaplin's first fully sound picture was The Great Dictator, an anti-Hitler film made in 1940. This was the last film to use the character of Charlie the Tramp.

The beginning of persecution in the USA

In 1952, Chaplin created the film "Ramp Lights" - a story about the fate of a creative person and about creativity in general. On September 17, 1952, Chaplin went to London for the world premiere of "Lightlights", and the head of the FBI, Edgar Hoover, obtained from the immigration authorities a ban on the actor's re-entry into the country. Chaplin settled in Switzerland, in the town of Vevey.

Last works

In Switzerland, Chaplin writes music for his old silent films, voices the film "Gold Rush".

The actor was awarded the Soviet International Peace Prize in 1954.

In his film A King in New York (1957), Chaplin still plays the title role himself.

In 1964, Chaplin published his memoirs, which formed the basis of the biographical feature film Chaplin (1992).

The last film "The Countess from Hong Kong" Chaplin puts on his script in 1967; The main roles in the film were played by Sophia Loren and Marlon Brando.

"Rehabilitation" and death

In 1972, Chaplin received an honorary Oscar for the second time. To do this, he came to the United States for a short time - he was given only a limited visa. On March 4, 1975, Chaplin was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II.

The artist died in his sleep on December 25, 1977 at his home in Vevey and was buried in the local cemetery. In memory of Charlie Chaplin, a monument was erected on the shores of Lake Geneva.

On March 1, 1978, Chaplin's coffin was dug up and stolen for ransom. The police arrested the perpetrators, and the actor's body was reburied on May 17, 1978 under 6 feet (1.8 m) of concrete to prevent future attempts.

Chaplin was married four times and had 12 children. Some of them also tried themselves as actors, in particular, Geraldine Chaplin was widely known as an actress.

Image of the Tramp

The image of the Tramp first appeared in the film "Unusually predicament Mabel" (according to another version - in the film "Children's Car Races", filmed a little later, but released on the screen a week earlier).

Chaplin put on huge trousers, a narrow business card, large shoes, a bowler hat on his head, and held a cane in his hands. Chaplin looked younger than his age, so he glued on a small mustache, which, in his opinion, added solidity, but did not hide the facial expressions necessary in silent films. In his first appearance on the silver screen, Chaplin came out with a lush mustache.

Chaplin wrote in his autobiography about his character:
... He is very versatile - he is a tramp, and a gentleman, and a poet, and a dreamer, but in general this is a lonely creature dreaming of beautiful love and adventure. He wants you to believe that he is a scientist, or a musician, or a duke, or a polo player. And at the same time, he is ready to pick up a cigarette butt from the sidewalk or take candy from a baby. And, of course, under appropriate circumstances, he is able to kick the lady in the ass - but only under the influence of strong anger.

Chaplin sought to get away from the "comedy of slaps", in the genre of which all comedies of the time were filmed. In the movie Loan Office, Tramp gestured in the firing scene that he had several children to feed. Chaplin noticed that the audience on the set was brushing away a tear. After that, the image of the Tramp began to acquire lyrical and tragic features.

The Little Tramp has become one of the most replicated images in popular culture of the 20th century. The image of the Tramp was imitated by Raj Kapoor in the film "Mr. 420", the classic of the Soviet clowning Pencil, Alexander Kalyagin in the film "Hello, I'm your aunt!" etc.

Followers

Despite the fact that silent films gave way to sound films, Chaplin's acting and directing technique had a significant impact on many comic actors. This influence is most noticeable in the work of the French actor and director Jacques Tati, who made sound films, widely and with great success using silent film techniques (for example, Monsieur Hulot's Vacation). The image of Charlie can be clearly seen in the work of the Soviet clown Pencil.

Hong Kong actor and martial artist Jackie Chan can also be considered a kind of follower of Chaplin, who uses a perfect trick technique to create whole cascades of comedic situations.

In the film "Benny and June" one of the main characters, Sam, in his style of clothing, walks like Charlie Chaplin. And in the same movie, Sam does the Bun Dance.

Political persecution

During World War I, Chaplin, at the request of the US government, participated in the distribution of government bonds. Together with Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks, Chaplin spoke at special rallies.

The FBI opened a case against Chaplin back in the 30s - after the film "Modern Times". The file consisted of 1,900 sheets.

During the filming of The Great Dictator, Chaplin was warned that the film would be in trouble with the censors. Chaplin was asked to cancel the production of the film, assuring that it would never be shown either in England or in the United States. After the German attack on the USSR, the pressure from above ceased, but threatening letters began to arrive from the audience. Some of them contained promises that theaters showing The Dictator would be bombed with suffocating gas and fired at the screen. Chaplin tried to negotiate with the leader of the longshoremen's trade unions about the protection of cinemas.

After The Dictator was released, the New York Daily News wrote that "Chaplin was poking the 'communist finger' at the audience." Nazi propaganda began calling Chaplin a Jew. The Un-American Activities Commission launched an investigation into Chaplin's activities, one of the points of the investigation was his nationality.

During the editing of the film "Monsieur Verdoux" Chaplin was summoned to Washington for hearings of the Commission on Un-American Activities, but the call was later canceled. 19 people were called from Hollywood. Those of them who insisted on their civil rights went to jail for a year for disrespecting the commission.

According to one version, Chaplin, in order to ridicule the Commission on Un-American Activities, intended to appear at the hearing in his Tramp costume; for this reason, the Commission canceled its challenge. But in his autobiography, Chaplin says nothing about this.

Chaplin was never a US citizen. The release of the film "Monsieur Verdu" was banned by censors. After additional editing, the censors still allowed the film to be released. The demonstration of "Monsieur Verdoux" was accompanied by protests in the United States. The newspapers began to persecute Chaplin. In addition to accusations of belonging to the communists, accusations were added that he did not receive US citizenship.

"Catholic Legion" announced a boycott of the film, cinemas began to refuse to rent "Monsieur Verdu". The newspapers published photographs of the pickets of the "Catholic Legion" with posters "Chaplin is a fellow traveler of the Reds!", "Get out of our country a stranger!", "Chaplin stayed with us for too long!", "Chaplin is ungrateful! He is a communist henchman!”, “Send Chaplin to Russia!”. However, the film was nominated for an Academy Award in the Best Screenplay category.

In 1952, Chaplin wanted to travel to England for a short time and requested a return visa from the US immigration authorities. The US immigration authorities began their own investigation, which lasted several months, and issued Chaplin an entry visa. Already on the way to Europe, Chaplin was informed that he was denied entry to the United States, and in order to obtain a visa, he would have to answer a commission from the Department of Immigration to a number of accusations of a political order, as well as an accusation of moral licentiousness. The future US President Richard Nixon took part in the persecution of Chaplin.

Three years after Chaplin's departure from the United States, the US Internal Revenue Service taxed Chaplin's income in Europe from the rental of the film "Lamplights" until 1955. The IRS considered him a permanent resident of the United States. Chaplin was unable to turn to the defense of the American court to protect his interests.

paternity court

In 1943, Joan Berry filed a lawsuit in a California court to recognize Chaplin as the father of her child. A blood test unequivocally showed that Chaplin is not the father. But the federal authorities still charged Chaplin with violating the Mann Act. The Mann Act, or "White Slave Transportation Act", was passed to combat prostitution. After the prohibition of brothels, the law became obsolete, but the federal authorities used the law to crack down on political opponents. Even after the announcement of the results of the blood test, the investigation was not closed.

In his autobiography, Chaplin wrote that he was offered information that Joan Berry was used by Nazi organizations to crack down on him, but at the request of Chaplin's lawyer, these facts were not disclosed at the trial.

In 1944, Chaplin was found not guilty of all charges by a jury.

Following this, a second paternity suit was initiated - this became possible due to the fact that custody of the child was transferred to the court and the participation of Joan Berry as one of the parties was no longer required to start the process. The first hearing ended inconclusively (the jury did not reach an agreement); after the second hearing, despite the fact that a blood test proved that Chaplin could not be the father of Joan Berry's child, an unfavorable sentence was passed for Chaplin, according to which he had to pay the child a financial allowance until he came of age.

Because of the lawsuit, Chaplin worked on the screenplay for Monsieur Verdoux for almost two years, and the film took only three months to shoot.

Relationships with women

Hetty Kelly

Hetty Kelly - dancer, Chaplin's first love. They met in London when Chaplin was 19 and Hetty 14. After five dates, they broke up. Hetty Kelly later married, and Chaplin met her brother several times. Hetty Kelly died in 1918 during the Spanish flu pandemic. Chaplin found out about this only in 1921.

Edna Purviance

Edna Purviance and Chaplin met in 1915 in Los Angeles while filming Chaplin's second film for the Esseney Studios. Edna Purviance was romantically involved with Chaplin during their time at the Essanay and Mutual Films studios from 1916-1918. In 1918, Edna began dating actor Tommy Meighan of the Paramount Company. Edna stayed main actress in Chaplin's films until 1923. Chaplin paid her a weekly salary until her death in 1958.

Mildred Harris

Mildred Harris (1901-1944) Chaplin's first wife. The wedding took place on October 23, 1918. Chaplin was 29 years old, Harris was 16. Chaplin married Harris because of her pregnancy. The pregnancy later turned out to be false. On July 7, 1919, their son, Norman Spencer Chaplin, was born. The child lived only three days.

In 1920, during the editing of the film The Kid, divorce proceedings began. Lawyers for Harris tried to arrest the film. Chaplin was forced to take about 140,000 meters of film (more than 2,000 takes) to another state. The film was edited in a hotel room in Salt Lake City.

The divorce was accompanied by mutual accusations. Chaplin later wrote of this marriage in his autobiography:
Mildred wasn't evil, but she was hopelessly zoological. I could never get to her soul - she was filled with some kind of pink rags and all sorts of nonsense.

Lita Gray

Lita Gray (1908-1995) Chaplin's second wife. The wedding took place on November 26, 1924, at that time Lita was only 16 years old. In this regard, in order to avoid problems with the legislation of the United States of America, Chaplin married Lita Gray outside the United States - in Mexico. She starred in the films "Gold Rush", "Idle Class", "Baby". They had two sons: Charles Chaplin Jr. (1925-1968) and Sidney Earl Chaplin (1926-2009). They divorced in 1928 during the filming of The Circus. Chaplin paid Lita $825,000 (according to other sources - $700,000) - a record amount for that time, which caused an investigation by the tax authorities. Chaplin's biographer Joyce Milton wrote that Chaplin's relationship with Lita Gray became the basis of Nabokov's novel Lolita.

Paulette Goddard

Actress Paulette Goddard (1910-1990) and Chaplin had a close relationship from 1932 to 1940. Most of this time, Paulette lived in Chaplin's house. She starred in the leading roles in the films "New Times" and "The Great Dictator". After a break in relations in 1940, they stated that they secretly married in 1936. At the end of her life, Paulette also moved to Switzerland. Her husband was the writer Erich Maria Remarque.

Una O'Neill

Una O'Neill (May 13, 1926 – September 27, 1991) was the daughter of Eugene O'Neill. Chaplin's fourth wife was 37 years his junior. We met when Chaplin was looking for an actress for the film adaptation of the play Ghost and Reality. The film was not made. Una said that she does not want a career as an actress, but wants to devote herself to her family. The wedding took place on June 16, 1943 during the process of recognizing the paternity of the child Joan Berry. After her marriage to Chaplin, Una's father stopped all contact with her. In 1952, Chaplin, before leaving the United States, gave Una a power of attorney to dispose of his bank account. After Chaplin was denied entry to the United States, Una removed Chaplin's property from the United States. She later renounced her US citizenship.

O'Neill and Chaplin had three sons (Christopher, Eugene and Michael) and five daughters (Geraldine, Josephine, Joan, Victoria, Anna-Emil). Una gave birth to her last child when the great comedian was 72 years old.

Interesting Facts

* Chaplin is four days older than the Hitler he parodied in The Great Dictator.
* Chaplin had blue eyes.
* Chaplin was left-handed, and even played the violin with his left hand.
* Chaplin's first car was a $4,900 luxury high-speed Locomobile manufactured by en:Locomobile.
* Chaplin's favorite sport was boxing. With Virginia Cherrill (performer leading role in City Lights) Chaplin met at the stadium during a boxing match.
* Chaplin's favorite dance was the tango. In the film City Lights, he "combined" the fight in the ring with tango.
* Chaplin earned about $10.5 million from his films.
* Chaplin sold all his shares in 1928, based on unemployment data - before the Great Depression.
* During the filming of Chaplin's films, there was only one accident. Chaplin himself was injured on the set of the film Quiet Street.
* Chaplin once took part incognito in a Tramp look-alike contest. According to one version, he took second place in the competition, according to another version - third, according to the third version - fifth.
* Chaplin's favorite comedian in the last years of his life was Briton Benny Hill. When Hill visited Chaplin's family in 1991, he was shown Chaplin's large collection of Benny Hill videos.
* In the 1920s, Chaplin's character ("little man") was known in Europe under the name "Charlot".
* In pre-revolutionary Russia, Chaplin's films did not enjoy significant success. Characteristic is the statement about them, published in the magazine "Projector": "... Chaplin is far from being a comic actor. He's just a clown, just someone who gets slapped." Here in Russia Chaplin cannot be so successful: he is too crude, too primitive, too little refined. Comedians such as Max Linder, Prens, Patachon, even Andre Dide are incomparably closer and more understandable to us.

Filmography

Full-length movies

* 1914 - Tilly's Interrupted Romance (Tillie's Punctured Romance, other names - For the Love of Tillie / Marie's Millions / Tillie's Big Romance / Tillie's Nightmare; actor; first full-length comedy film in history)
* 1921 - Kid (The Kid; producer, director, screenwriter, actor, editor)
* 1923 - Parisienne (A Woman of Paris; producer, director, screenwriter, actor (cameo), editor)
* 1925 - Gold Rush (The Gold Rush; producer, director, screenwriter, actor, editor)
* 1926 - Woman by the Sea (A Woman of the Sea; producer)
* 1928 - Circus (The Circus; producer, director, screenwriter, actor, editor)
* 1928 - People of Art (Show People; cameo)
* 1931 - City Lights (City Lights; other name - City Lights: A Comedy Romance in Pantomime; producer, director, screenwriter, actor, editor, composer)
* 1936 - New Times (Modern Times; other name - The Masses; producer, director, screenwriter, actor, composer)
* 1940 - The Great Dictator ( The Great dictator; other name - The Dictator; producer, director, screenwriter, actor, composer)
* 1947 - Monsieur Verdoux (other names - A Comedy of Murders / The Ladykiller; producer, director, screenwriter, actor, composer)
* 1952 - Limelight (producer, director, screenwriter, actor, composer)
* 1957 - King in New York (A King in New York; producer, director, screenwriter, actor, composer)
* 1967 - Countess from Hong Kong (A Countess From Hong Kong; producer, director, screenwriter, actor (cameo), composer)

Note: Chaplin often, playing a cameo role (cameo) in his films, was not listed in the credits, and appeared incognito, but was recognized. In the film "Parisian", he even warns in the beginning in the credits that he himself will not appear in the film. In The Hong Kong Countess, he appears as a very old steward.

Short films

Films are ordered by release chronology. Russian names are given in most cases according to the filmography compiled by A. G. Avenarius. In the film distribution of Russia and the USSR, these films could also be released under names that differed from those given.

Keystone Films

* 1914, February 2 - Making a living (Making a Living, other names - A Busted Johnny / Troubles / Doing His Best / Take My Picture)
* 1914, February 7 - Children's car race (Kid Auto Races at Venice, other names - The Children's Automobile Race / Kid's Auto Race / The Pest)
* 1914, February 8 - Mabel's Strange Predicament, other names - Hotel Mixup / Pajamas
* 1914, February 28 - Between two showers (Between Showers, other names - Charlie and the Umbrella / The Flirts / Between Shaves / In Wrong Thunder and Lightning / A Rainy Day)
* 1914, March 2 - Johnny at the movies (A Film Johnnie, other names - Charlie at the Studio / Charlie the Actor / Film Johnny / Million Dollar Job / Movie Nut)
* 1914, March 9 - Tango Tangles (Tango Tangles, other names - Charlie's Recreation / Music Hall)
* 1914, March 16 - His Favorite Pastime (other names - The Bonehead / Charlie Is Thirsty / Charlie's Reckless Fling / The Reckless Fling)
* 1914, March 26 - Cruel, Cruel Love (Cruel, Cruel Love, other name - Lord Helpus)
* 1914, April 4 - The Best Tenant (The Star Boarder, other names - The Fatal Lantern / The Hash-House Hero / In Love with His Landlady / The Landlady's Pet)
* 1914, April 18 - Mabel driving (Mabel at the Wheel, other names - His Daredevil Queen / A Hot Finish)
* 1914, April 20 - Twenty Minutes of Love (Twenty Minutes of Love, other names - Cops and Watches / He Loves Her So / Love-Friend); Chaplin's directorial debut
* 1914, April 27 - Caught in a Cabaret (other names - Charlie the Waiter / Faking with Society / Jazz Waiter / Prime Minister Charlie / The Waiter)
* 1914, May 4 - Caught in the Rain, other names - At It Again / In the Park / Who Got Stung?
* 1914, May 7 - Business Day (A Busy Day, other names - Busy as Can Be / Lady Charlie / Militant Suffragette)
* 1914, June 1 - Fatal Hammer (The Fatal Mallet, other names - Hit Him Again / The Pile Driver / The Rival Suitors)
* 1914, June 4 - Her friend the bandit (Her Friend the Bandit, other names - Mabel's Flirtation / A Thief Catcher)
* 1914, June 11 - Knockout (The Knockout, other names - Counted Out / The Pugilist)
* 1914, June 13 - Mabel's Busy Day (other names - Charlie and the Sausages / Hot Dog Charlie / Hot Dogs / Love and Lunch)
* 1914, June 20 - Mabel's Married Life (other names - The Squarehead / When You're Married)
* 1914, July 9 - Laughing Gas (other names - Busy Little Dentist / The Dentist / Down and Out / Laffing Gas / Tuning His Ivories)
* 1914, August 1 - Props (The Property Man, other names - Charlie on the Boards / Getting His Goat / Props / The Rustabout / Vamping Venus)
* 1914, August 10 - The Face on the Bar Room Floor, other names - The Ham Actor / The Ham Artist)
* 1914, August 13 - Vacation (Recreation, other name - Spring Fever)
* 1914, August 27 - Masquerade mask (The Masquerader, other names - The Female Impersonator / The Female / The Perfumed Lady / The Picnic / Putting One Over)
* 1914, August 30 - His new profession (His New Profession, other names - The Good for Nothing / Helping Himself)
* 1914, September 7 - Spenders (The Rounders, other names - Going Down / The Love Thief / Oh, What a Night / Revelry / Tip, Tap, Toe / Two of a Kind)
* 1914, September 24 - The New Janitor (other names - The Blundering Boob / The New Porter / The Porter)
* 1914, October 10 - These torments of love (Those Love Pangs, other names - Busted Hearts / Oh, You Girls / The Rival Mashers)
* 1914, October 26 - Dough and Dynamite (other names - The Cook / The Donut Designer / The New Cook)
* 1914, October 29 - Cheeky gentleman (Gentlemen of Nerve, other names - Charlie at the Races / Some Nerve)
* 1914, November 7 - His musical career(His Musical Career, other names - Charlie as a Piano Mover / Musical Tramps / The Piano Movers)
* 1914, November 9 - His Trysting Place (other names - Family Home / Family House / The Henpecked Spouse / His Trysting Places / The Ladies "Man / Very Much Married)
* 1914, December 1 - Acquainted (Getting Acquainted, other names - Exchange Is No Robbery / A Fair Exchange / Hello Everybody)
* 1914, December 7 - His Prehistoric Past (other names - The Caveman / A Dream / The Hula-Hula Dance / King Charlie)

Essenay studio films

* 1915, February 1 - His new job(His New Job, other name - Charlie's New Job)
* 1915, February 15 - All Night (A Night Out, other names - Champagne Charlie / Charlie's Drunken Daze / Charlie's Night Out / His Night Out)
* 1915, March 11 - Champion (The Champion, other names - Battling Charlie / Champion Charlie / Charlie the Champion)
* 1915, March 18 - In the Park (In the Park, other names - Charlie in the Park / Charlie on the Spree)
* 1915, April 1 - Escape in a car (A Jitney Elopement, other names - Charlie's Elopement / Married in Haste)
* 1915, April 16 - Tramp (The Tramp, other names - Charlie on the Farm / Charlie the Hobo / Charlie the Tramp)
* 1915, April 29 - By the Sea (By the Sea, other names - Charlie by the Sea / Charlie's Day Out)
* 1915, June 21 - Work (Work, other names - Charlie at Work / Charlie the Decorator / Only a Working Man / The Paperhanger / The Plumber)
* 1915, July 12 - Woman (A Woman, other names - Charlie the Perfect Lady / The Perfect Lady)
* 1915, August 9 - Bank (The Bank, other names - Charlie Detective / Charlie at the Bank / Charlie in the Bank)
* 1915, September 4 - Zashankhaenny (Shanghaied, other names - Charlie Shanghaied / Charlie on the Ocean / Charlie the Sailor)
* 1915, November 20 - Evening in the music hall (A Night in the Show, other names - Charlie at the Show / A Night at the Show)
* 1915, December 18 - Carmen
* 1916, March 27 - Police (Police, other names - Charlie in the Police / Charlie the Burglar / Housebreaker)
* 1916, October 21 - Review of Chaplin's work in "Essenay" (The Essanay-Chaplin Revue of 1916, other name - The Chaplin Revue of 1916; an almanac from the films The Tramp, His New Work and All Night Long; the film was mounted by the studio after , as the contract between Essenay and Chaplin ended)
* 1918 August 11 - Triple Trouble

Films of Mutual studio

* 1916, May 15 - Controller of the department store (The Floorwalker, other names - Shop / The Store)
* 1916, June 12 - Fireman (The Fireman, other names - The Fiery Circle / A Gallant Fireman)
* 1916, July 10 - Wanderer (The Vagabond, other name - Gipsy Life)
* 1916, August 7 - At one o'clock in the morning (One A.M., other name - Solo)
* 1916, September 4 - Count (The Count, other name - Almost a Gentleman)
* 1916, October 2 - The Pawnshop, other names - At the Sign of the Dollar / High and Low Finance
* 1916, November 13 - Behind the Screen (other name - The Pride of Hollywood)
* 1916, December 4 - Skating ring (The Rink, other names - Rolling Around / Waiter)
* 1917, January 22 - Quiet Street (Easy Street)
* 1917, April 16 - Treatment (The Cure, other name - The Water Cure)
* 1917, June 17 - Immigrant (The Immigrant, other names - Broke / Hello U.S.A. / A Modern Columbus / The New World)
* 1917, October 23 - The Adventurer (The Adventurer)

Films from First National Studio

* 1918, April 14 - Dog's Life (A Dog's Life)
* 1918, September 28 - Bond (The Bond, other name - Charlie Chaplin in a Liberty Loan Appeal)
* 1918, October 20 - On the shoulder! (Shoulder Arms)
* 1919, June 22 - Sunny side (Sunnyside)
* 1919, December 7 - Pleasures of the day (A Day's Pleasure, other name - A Ford Story)
* 1921, September 25 - Idle class (The Idle Class, other name - Vanity Fair)
* 1922, April 2 - Pay Day (Pay Day)
* 1923, February 25 - Pilgrim (The Pilgrim)

Cameo appearances in other films

* 1915 - His recovery (His Regeneration, buyer in the episode)
* 1921 - Eccentric (The Nut, episodic role of a passerby)
* 1923 - Selling souls (Souls For Sale, in the role of himself)
* 1923 - Hollywood (Hollywood, as himself)

see also

* Chaplin (film) - a 1992 film directed by Richard Attenborough, in the role of Charles - Robert Downey Jr., in the role of Charles's mother Hannah - her granddaughter, Charles's daughter Geraldine Chaplin
* Harold Lloyd and Buster Keaton - along with Chaplin, the most famous comedians of the 1920s.

Literature

* Stephen Weisman. Charlie Chaplin: The Story of a Great Silent Film Comedian = Chaplin: A Life. - M.: EKSMO, 2010. - S. 352. - ISBN 978-5-699-40883-2
* Lita Gray Chaplin. My life with Chaplin: Intimate memories = My Life With Chaplin. - M.: "Alpina Non-Fiction", 2009. - S. 411. - ISBN 978-5-9167-1037-3
* Chaplin Ch. S. My biography. Per. from English. Z. Ginzburg. - M.: Vagrius, 2000. - 520 p. ISBN 5-264-00127-8.
* Kukarkin A. V. Charlie Chaplin. 2nd ed., revised. and additional - M.: "Art", 1988. - 287 p.
* Sadoul J. Charlie Chaplin. Per. from French - M.: "Art", 1981. - 209 p.

Documentaries about Chaplin

* "Unknown Chaplin" ("Unknown Chaplin", 1983) - British three-part documentary, which includes the miraculously preserved working footage of Chaplin's films, his rare home and documentary footage, and fragments not included in the final cuts of his films.
* "Charlie: The Life and Art of Charles Chaplin" ("Charlie: The Life and Art of Charles Chaplin", 2003) is a documentary film by Richard Schickel dedicated to the biography and work of Chaplin and his significance in the art of the 20th century.

Everyone knows about Charlie Chaplin! This great actor contributed to the fact that cinema has become a real art. The image of a little funny man in a bowler hat he created has become one of the symbols of world cinema.

He was not only a great actor, but also showed his abilities as a director and screenwriter of short films in which he starred. He also produced many of his films and wrote music.

All photos 2

Charlie Chaplin is one of the most beloved and famous images of the entire period of the film industry.

Biography

The great artist was born in 1889 on April 16 in London. His parents - Charles and Hannah - were pop artists and successfully developed their creative potential. They participated in musical performances, danced and played in productions of various theaters. They were in great demand in their field, they were invited to major music halls in the English capital. Charles Sr. toured extensively in Europe.

The family was not financially constrained, but did not lend money of great importance. Parents encouraged even little Charlie and his brother on the maternal side to engage in creativity. This was also a determining factor for the fact that both brothers became successful in acting career.

The future master of world cinema first appeared on stage at the age of 5 years. He often stood in for his mother in some productions, as she began to have problems with her voice. The boy immediately won the hearts of the audience. They pelted the stage with coins and banknotes that a little boy he collected after the performance, which caused even greater tenderness of the audience. Since then, Charlie Chaplin began to perform frequently.

Soon significant changes took place in life acting family. The mother was found serious problems with a voice, so she stopped performing. His father became addicted to alcohol and died when he was only 37 years old. The wife could not endure such a tragedy and was determined for treatment in a psychiatric clinic. Their sons ended up in a social institution. There the boys had to find their own livelihood.

From the age of nine, Charlie began to take part in dance performances as part of the "8 Lancashire Boys". It was then that the artist first tried himself in the comic genre and achieved great success. In order to earn money, in addition to performances, the boy sold newspapers, worked in a printing house and helped in the doctor's office.

At 14, Charlie Chaplin got his first role in a production of Sherlock Holmes. Subsequently, he worked with the Fred Karno team. With them, he won the hearts of many English and American audiences.

The American company "Keystone" expressed a desire to cooperate with the actor. From that moment on, his life changed dramatically.

Not immediately a film career became successful, but Chaplin quickly fell in love with American audiences. Later, he had problems with the company's leaders, and he ended the cooperation.

Since the 1910s, Charlie began to write scripts and direct films with his own participation. In search of his image, he began with a womanizer, but soon the famous "little tramp" appeared. It was this role that brought the actor world fame and made him the idol of millions of people. His films brought fabulous fees and a huge number of various awards and prizes. The silent film legend has won two Oscars and was knighted by the Queen of England.

Personal life

Chaplin had many romantic relationship with the most different women. Among them are dancers and actresses such as Hetty Kelly, Edna Purviance.

He had 4 official wives. His first wife was Mildred Harris. The actor at that time was 29 years old, his wife was 13 years younger than him. After 2 years, a divorce took place, accompanied by mutual reproaches. The couple had a son who died shortly after birth.

The second for Chaplin was the marriage with Lita Grey. She starred in some of her husband's films. From this union, the actors had two sons - Charles and Sidney Earl, who became in demand theater actor. After the divorce, Charlie Chaplin paid his ex-wife about $ 830 thousand.

Poljot Goddard became the artist's third wife. She starred with her husband in the films The Great Dictator and Modern Times. They lived together for 8 years. After the divorce, Polet lived in Switzerland, her new husband was Erich Maria Remarque.

The fourth official chosen one of Chaplin was Una O'Neill, who was 36 years younger than him. After marriage, the woman devoted herself entirely to the family, giving up her career. Her father, the famous American playwright Eugene O'Neill, was against this union and no longer communicated with his daughter.

The couple had eight children - three sons and five daughters. IN last time The actor became a father at the age of 72. His daughter Geraldine has achieved huge success in her acting career and continued the work of her famous father.

During his life, Chaplin was repeatedly subjected to various criticisms. He was even considered an accomplice of the communists. After the film about Hitler, representatives of the fascist movement threatened the artist more than once.

The last years of the film legend lived in Switzerland. There he died in his sleep on December 25, 1977.

The future genius and three-time Oscar winner, Charlie Chaplin, was born on April 16, 1889 in London. His parents were music hall artists, so the kid encountered show business almost immediately!

Charles Spencer Chaplin's father and mother were Charles Spencer Chaplin Sr. and Hannah Chaplin

Shortly before their wedding, Hannah was born Sidney Hill, who later also gave the name Chaplin. Here he is, the older half-brother

Charles' mother took part in various musical productions, and his father often toured Europe (he also visited the USA). They separated in 1891, and a year later Hanna gave birth to a son, George Wheeler Dryden. The boy was taken by his father, and George did not appear in the life of the Chaplin family for the next 30 years.

Unfortunately, Chaplin Sr. became addicted to alcohol and passed away in 1901, when he was only 38 years old. The fate of the mother was also unsuccessful - she lost her mind and in 1898 was first placed in a clinic for the mentally ill (later there were several more hospitalizations, and Hannah died in 1928). As a result, Charlie and Sydney were forced to earn their own living.

Chaplin made his stage debut in 1894, immediately captivating the audience with his spontaneity.

Four years later, he joined the Eight Lancashire Boys, a children's dance group, but left the company in 1901. Nevertheless, the choreographic experience was very useful later, when he took up cinematography.

For several years, Chaplin played in various theaters and variety shows. In 1908, he got into Fred Karno's theatrical enterprise and quickly became one of the main actors. When the band went on tour in the US in 1912, film producer Mark Sennett noticed Charles and offered him a contract with Keystone. The young Brit moved to Los Angeles a year later

After the end of the contract, Chaplin began to collaborate with other film companies. And Sidney, who moved from Britain to the USA, took his brother's place at Keystone. Charles' first film was Making a Living (1914)

In the same year, "Children's Car Races" appeared, in which Chaplin first appeared in the form of a funny tramp.

Films in those days were short, so actors could star in more than a dozen projects in a year. Chaplin's thirteenth film work was called Caught in the Rain. She came out in the same 1914, and Charlie first appeared there as a director.

The career of the actor was gaining momentum. "Mabel's Incredible Predicament" (1914)

"Vagabond" (1915)

"All Night Long" (1915)

"The Tramp Musician" (1916). The picture is not upside down - Chaplin was left-handed, and played the violin that way)

"Immigrant" (1917)

In 1919, Chaplin, along with other famous colleagues, founded the United Artists Corporation, but continued to fulfill his obligations to First National. So the legendary “Kid” (1921) appeared on the screens.

Charles' first work for United Artists was The Parisienne (1923). Chaplin the director appeared there only in a small role

After that, the classics of world cinema appeared on the screens. This, of course, is the "Gold Rush" (1925) ...

...and "Circus" (1928)

Note that Chaplin also wrote music for many of his films. Melodies from his works are instantly recognizable. This also applies to “City Lights” (1931)

"New Times" (1936)

Chaplin could not remain in the shadow of what is happening in Europe. "The Great Dictator" (1940)

Monsieur Verdoux (1947) caused a backlash because the actor's views on the state modern society seemed too gloomy to critics

Nostalgic "Ramp Lights" (1952)

The King in New York (1957) is a rather blunt satire on the US, the Cold War, and mass paranoia.

"The Countess from Hong Kong" (1967) is the last film of the maestro. Starring Sophia Loren and Marlon Brando

Chaplin died on December 25, 1977 at his home in Switzerland. The Great Mute was buried in one of the local cemeteries. A few months later, the artist's coffin was stolen for ransom. The police found the perpetrators, and Charlie's remains were reburied on May 17, 1978 at the Meruz cemetery in Corsier-sur-Vevey, under a thick layer of concrete.

Chaplin's personal life is so rich that it is enough not just for a book - for a multi-volume! The actor had a difficult relationship with both Hollywood and the US authorities, and there were enough other problems. Therefore, we will focus only on the artist’s beloved women - he was already married four times.

The first wife of the actor was Mildred Harris. They played a wedding in 1918, when Charles was 29, and Mildred - 16. The marriage happened, as they say, "on the fly", but this pregnancy Harris turned out to be false. On July 7, 1919, the couple nevertheless became parents, but, alas, their son Norman lived only three days. A year later, the divorce began. The process was difficult and scandalous: Mildred's lawyers even tried to seize the film "Baby", and Chaplin moved the priceless films to another state.

Charles' second wife is Lita Grey. The couple went down the aisle in November 1924, and, interestingly, Lita was also 16 years old. The wedding took place in Mexico - Chaplin did not want problems with American laws. Gray starred in her husband's, in particular, in "Gold Rush" and "Baby". There were two children in the marriage - Charles Chaplin Jr. and Sidney Earl Chaplin. The couple broke up in 1928, and the actor paid Lita a record compensation for those times (more than 800 thousand dollars)

Wife number three is Paulette Goddard. Their romance lasted from 1932 to 1940, and after parting, the couple announced that in 1936 they were secretly married. Paulette played in such Chaplin films as "Modern Times" and "The Great Dictator". We add that the next husband of Goddard was the writer Erich Maria Remarque

Chaplin's fourth and last wife was Una O'Neill, daughter of the famous writer Eugene O'Neill. The lovers played the wedding in 1943, and the couple was not embarrassed by the 36-year age difference. Unlike Una's father, who ended all ties with her. However, the marriage turned out to be strong, and O'Neill gave her husband three sons and five daughters.

Their most famous child is Geraldine Chaplin, who became an actress. “He once told me: “Your talent means nothing, there are many talented people. You have to work harder than anyone, ”the star daughter admitted in an interview. “And he was the hardest worker in the world and the most disciplined. This is what I learned from him,” she said.

And Geraldine's daughter - Una Chaplin - you probably saw in the "Game of Thrones", "The Hour" and "Sherlock"

Carmen Chaplin - daughter of Michael Chaplin - actress, director, screenwriter

We will finish, according to tradition, with a quote from the birthday man. “I don’t think that now he [the Tramp] would find a place. Since then, our world has become somewhat more orderly. I don't think it's become a happier place - by no means. I noticed these guys in short clothes, with long hair, and I think many of them would like to become vagabonds. But now there was no former modesty. They have no idea what modesty is, it has become a kind of relic. She belongs to another era. That's why I couldn't create something like this now. And, of course, the sound is another reason. Since the voice came to the cinema, there was no place left for my character. I can't imagine what his voice should have been. Therefore, he had to leave, ”chaplin said about the fate of his hero