How rabies injections are given to humans. Complications in dogs after rabies vaccination: possible reactions and methods for eliminating them

According to statistics World Organization health care, every year in the world 55 thousand people die from this infection. In Russia, according to the Scientific Center for Expertise of Means medical use, from 2008 to 2015, 74 people died from rabies. It would seem that many times more people die from the flu. But the problem is that rabies in humans is an absolutely fatal disease.

If a person is bitten by an animal with rabies, or its saliva containing the virus somehow gets on the mucous membranes or damaged skin, then if the disease develops, death is inevitable. Throughout history, only one single case of a patient being cured after the onset of symptoms of the disease has been described in the literature.

From sick hedgehogs to pets

Experts believe that our population, although theoretically aware of such a disease and how it is transmitted, in practice often goes to the hospital too late after being bitten by suspicious animals. IN middle lane and the Moscow region, the most common source of rabies is sick foxes and hedgehogs, which are last years increased in the forests. Such animals either bite humans themselves (often these are unlucky mushroom pickers), or infect domestic animals or stray dogs.

Doctors don’t even advise, but shout out loud: if you are bitten by any animal and you don’t know whether it is vaccinated against rabies, IMMEDIATELY after the bite you need to wash the wound with a running water warm water with soap, treat the edges of the wound with 70% alcohol and immediately rush to the doctor!

Keep an eye on your pet

Rabies is one of the few diseases that cannot be treated at all. If the first symptoms appear, death will occur within 20 days maximum. No options.

How does infection occur and how to recognize symptoms of rabies in humans?

Domestic cats and dogs usually become infected from hedgehogs, foxes, wolves or stray animals. 70% of infections occur during trips out of town. The rabies virus is transmitted to people through the saliva of a sick animal - through a bite or when saliva gets on the skin if there are abrasions on it.

During the incubation period of the disease (from a week to 7 weeks), the animal may appear healthy. And this is especially dangerous because the virus is already in the saliva and the bite is already contagious.

The rabies virus in humans and animals affects the central nervous system. First, aggressiveness increases, the animal becomes angry and restless. They will be added in a couple of days characteristic features- hydrophobia, fur sticks together, saliva flows from the mouth. The death of an animal infected with rabies is inevitable. Humans, however, too. That is why recognizing the symptoms of rabies in a person, strictly speaking, has no prospects from a medical point of view: once the disease has begun, then no treatment will help.

What to do?

The only salvation is to get vaccinated as quickly as possible after a bite - to get the so-called rabies vaccination (this is a complex of several injections performed at a certain time interval). Sometimes vaccination is supplemented by the introduction of immunoglobulins to the site of the animal’s bite.

It is necessary to get vaccinated against rabies if you are bitten by any cat or dog - be it domestic or stray, if you are not sure that the animal is vaccinated and definitely healthy.

There are countries where there are no cases of rabies infection (both animals and humans) at all. These are Great Britain, Cyprus, Japan and Australia. Experts believe that the disease does not occur in these countries due to strict quarantine measures. Also, over the past 30 years, no cases of rabies have been recorded in the Scandinavian countries, as well as in the countries of Southern Europe - Portugal and Spain.

In Russia, the most disadvantaged areas for rabies, according to data for 2015, were Tatarstan, Moscow and Lipetsk regions. In the Penza, Ryazan and Saratov regions the situation is slightly better, the Chuvashia, Orenburg, Tula and Tambov regions and Altai region. The fewest cases of infection were registered in 2015 in Moscow, the Ivanovo and Sverdlovsk regions, the Komi Republic and the Trans-Baikal Territory.

What is the difference between a vaccine and immunoglobulin and how quickly you need to get vaccinated

If a person has been bitten by a dog, cat or other animal for which there is no evidence that it has been vaccinated against rabies and is definitely healthy, you need to go to any nearest emergency room. The victim of a bite must be given an anti-rabies vaccine.

How quickly should I get vaccinated?

It should be done as soon as possible after an animal bite. But the administration of the vaccine is also indicated regardless of the timing of the victim’s request for prevention, even several months after contact with a sick or suspicious animal.

The vaccine contains a weakened rabies pathogen and promotes the development of immunity against this disease. If the vaccine is administered on time and according to all the rules, then immunity has time to form and protect the body before the rabies virus causes the development of the disease. If it is possible to observe an animal that has bitten a person, then the vaccine is administered on day 0 (that is, actually the day of the bite - Ed.), days 3 and 7. If the animal is healthy, this is where the vaccine administration ends. If observation of the animal is not possible, vaccination is continued on the 14th, 30th and 90th days.

In addition to vaccines, there are immunoglobulins - these are preparations containing ready-made antibodies, that is, molecules that are analogues of immune antibodies that fight the virus. Such drugs are injected directly into the bite site so that they block the invading virus as quickly as possible. The decision to use immunoglobulin in addition to vaccination is made by the doctor, based on the circumstances of the incident: when the emergency occurred, how deep and extensive the wound is, in what place it is located.

Most often, antibodies are administered if a person has been bitten by a wild animal, regardless of the nature of the wound, or if, when bitten by a domestic animal, the wound is on the head, chest, hands, fingers and toes. Immunoglobulin is administered in the first hours after the bite, but, as a rule, no later than 7 days, and before the vaccine is administered. Immunoglobulins put a greater burden on the body than a vaccine, so patients, especially allergy sufferers, may be asked to go to the hospital under medical supervision for several days.

Unfortunately, immunity after vaccination against rabies is unstable and lasts for an average of a year in humans. In case of a new bite, if no more than a year has passed since the end of the last full course preventive vaccinations, the vaccine is administered only on days 0, 3 and 7. If a longer period has passed or the full course of vaccinations has not been completed, then treatment using a vaccine and, if necessary, immunoglobulin is prescribed as during the initial application for rabies treatment.

Rabies is a disease caused by rhabdoviruses. Doesn't exist to date effective way therapy that can cope with this disease. In order to prevent and protect the body from a dangerous virus, a rabies vaccination is given, the introduction of which provides lasting immunity. Short-term protection against infection is provided by rabies immunoglobulin. It protects the body from the spread of the virus after a bite through specific antibodies that neutralize pathogen particles.

general information

Only vaccination can prevent the development of rabies. The route of transmission is from a sick animal to humans. Contacts with rodents, wolves, badgers, foxes, raccoon dogs, bats, unvaccinated dogs and cats. The virus enters through the animal’s saliva onto the mucous or damaged skin of a person and further into the blood. As it moves forward, it quickly reaches the nerve cells of the spinal cord and cerebral cortex, causing the dangerous disease encephalitis. After the first symptoms appear, death occurs within 7-10 days. Incubation period blurred and lasts from ten to fifty days, depending on the location of the bite, the size of the wound, and the age of the individual. The greatest danger is from injuries and wounds to the upper extremities, chest, neck and face. In these cases, it is necessary to inject immunoglobulin into the bite area.

Story

L. Pasteur, a scientist from France, invented a vaccine against rabies.

Back in 1885, he injected a weakened strain of the virus into a nine-year-old boy who had been bitten by a rabid dog. The child survived. Subsequently, the vaccine was improved several times. In the twentieth century, a new highly effective vaccine was invented that reliably protects against the virus after contact with it, and is also used for preventive purposes.

Symptoms of the disease

The damaged area of ​​the dermis turns red and swelling is observed. Pain along the nerve endings and itching of the skin are obvious signs of the disease. Then comes general malaise, weakness, bad dream. After a certain period, the symptoms increase and appear as:

• hydrophobia;
• convulsive muscle contractions in the pharynx and larynx;
• noisy breathing. It may stop when trying to drink water;
• attacks that last several seconds. At the same time, the head and torso are thrown back, the patient screams, his hands tremble;
• aggression, increased excitability. An individual can crush and break objects that surround him;
• increased sweating and salivation.

Inflammation of the cerebral cortex, hypotension, paralysis of the upper and lower extremities, and an increase in temperature to critical values ​​lead to death.

Providing anti-rabies assistance

It consists of local treatment of the affected surface and places where there is animal saliva. Next, a rabies vaccination is given. If indicated, and the interval between the administration of the latter and the vaccine should not exceed thirty minutes. The saliva of an infected animal quickly enters the brain through the vessels, so you should contact a medical facility as soon as possible. Procedure after an animal attack:

• Immediately wash the wound for at least 15 minutes with running water and laundry soap. The soap solution washes away dirt and saliva;
• treat damaged areas of the dermis with a disinfecting solution, for example iodine, potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate), brilliant green (brilliant green) or 70% alcohol solution;
• apply a sterile gauze bandage;
• contact medical institution in the first days after the bite.

It should be remembered that the maximum effect of vaccination is achieved when the victim still has no signs of the disease.

Indications for vaccination

A rabies vaccination for a person after a bite is necessary in the following cases:

• in contact with wild animals;
• when the integrity of the dermis is damaged by objects moistened with the saliva of a rabid animal;
• for bites or scratches from rabid animals or unvaccinated pets;
• in case of any violation of the integrity of the dermis after an attack by wild or rabid animals;
• professional activity, implying contact with animals (gamekeepers, veterinarians, hunters, trappers and some).

Rabies vaccination is the administration of a registered Russian Federation rabies vaccine.

Anti-rabies culture concentrated purified inactivated vaccine (COCAV)

It is classified as medical and does not contain antibiotics or preservatives. Promotes the development of cellular and humoral immunity against rabies. Can be used with therapeutic purpose in case of bites or contacts of individuals with sick, wild, unknown representatives of the animal world. Preventive vaccination against rabies with this drug is indicated for persons who have a high risk of infection due to their professional activities.

There are no contraindications for use as therapeutic and prophylactic immunization. The vaccine is injected into the shoulder muscle for adults, and into the upper thigh for children. Injection into the buttock is prohibited. The person who receives the vaccine is monitored by a medical professional for about half an hour. Possible side effects of rabies vaccination in humans include:

• slight swelling;
• redness at the injection site;
• itching;
• hyperemia;
• pain at the injection site;
• enlarged lymph nodes;
• weaknesses;
• headache;
• allergic reactions of a systemic nature;
• neurological symptoms. If they occur, urgent hospitalization in a medical facility is required.

Anti-rabies vaccine, culture purified, inactivated ("Rabipur")

After a prophylactic rabies vaccination is given to a person who has not previously been immunized, an adequate immune response is achieved within three to four weeks. The vaccine should not be injected into the gluteal region, as there is a risk of developing a distorted response. Indications for use are similar to the COCAV vaccine.

Contraindications:

• chronic diseases in the acute stage;
• infectious diseases in the acute stage. Mild infection is not a contraindication;
• severe allergic reactions to the administration of antibacterial drugs (chlortetracycline, amphotericin and neomycin);
• individual intolerance to the components included in the vaccine;
• a history of various complications following previous administrations of this drug;
• pregnancy.

It should be noted that all of the above applies only to preventive immunization. For the administration of the drug for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes, neither pregnancy nor breastfeeding is a contraindication. After a person is vaccinated against rabies, adverse reactions affecting systems and organs occur with varying frequency. The data below was identified during clinical trials of the vaccine. Commonly occurring undesirable effects:

• lymphadenopathy;
• dizziness or headache;
• discomfort in the abdominal area;
• nausea;
• vomit;
• diarrhea;
• rash;
• hives;
• myalgia;
• compaction, pain at the injection site;
• fatigue;
• temperature increase.

Rarely occurring undesirable effects:

• hypersensitivity;
• paresthesia;
• increased sweating;
• tremor;
• radicular damage;
• paralysis;
• polyneuropathy.

Side effects identified during the use of the vaccine: dizziness, fainting, anaphylactic shock, encephalitis, angioedema. It is not recommended to stop or interrupt the started prophylaxis due to a mild or local reaction to a rabies vaccination in a person. According to medical professionals, such symptoms are eliminated by the use of antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Vaccination after a bite

Unfortunately, many citizens have false information and believe that injections are given in the stomach and it is very painful. In fact, they are made into the muscle area of ​​the shoulder and top surface hips. Time frame for rabies vaccination for humans:

• on the first day of visiting the doctor;
• on the third day;
• by the end of the first week after the bite;
• on the fourteenth day;
• on the thirtieth day;
• on the ninetieth day.

Thus, the full course is six vaccinations, which cannot be skipped. It is the administration according to this schedule that contributes to the stable formation of immunity.

Cases when vaccination is not indicated

In the following situations, a person cannot be vaccinated against rabies after contact with an animal:

• The dermis or mucous membranes are not damaged after the bite ( dense layer clothes protected human skin).
• It is known that the animal is vaccinated.
• Ten days after the attack, the animal under observation remained healthy. In this case, the started immunization is stopped.

Vaccination for the purpose of prevention

If within a year after preventive vaccination an individual is bitten by a sick animal, then the vaccination schedule is as follows:

• on the day of the animal attack;
• on the third day;
• on the seventh day.

It is recommended that a person whose professional activity involves the risk of contracting this disease be vaccinated against rabies in order to develop immunity and as a preventive measure according to the following scheme:

• on the day of contact medical organization;
• on the seventh day;
• on the thirtieth day;
• in a year;
• then every three years.

Cautions when using the vaccine

Negative influence the following influence the production of antibodies: medications:

• immunomodulators;
• hormonal, in particular glucocorticosteroids;
• chemotherapy;
• used in radiation therapy.

The decision to cancel them is made only by the attending doctor. You cannot refuse to take them on your own. During therapeutic and prophylactic immunization, the use of other vaccines is prohibited. Other vaccinations are permitted only two months after completing the full course of rabies immunization.

Contraindications

Vaccines, like other immunobiological drugs, have contraindications for use:

• chronic diseases in the acute stage;
• acute infectious and non-infectious pathological conditions;
• allergic reactions to the administration of other immunobiological drugs;
• individual intolerance to the ingredients included in the vaccine;
• pregnancy at any stage;
• allergy to antibacterial agents.

All of the above contraindications are important when carrying out vaccinations for preventive purposes. Refusal to vaccinate when attacked by a dangerous animal can be fatal.

Human rabies vaccination: side effects

Vaccines practically do not have them. In some cases, it is possible for the individual to develop undesirable reactions due to intolerance to certain components of the immunobiological drug. These include:

• hyperthermia up to fever;
• swelling at the injection site;
• general weakness;
• headache;
• nausea;
• aching joints;
• Quincke's edema;
• anaphylactic shock.

If the last two symptoms appear, you should immediately seek help. medical care. All other body reactions disappear after 12 weeks. Unfortunately, many victims do not want to get vaccinated due to existing side effects. In such cases, it should be remembered that vaccination will save lives and it is strictly not recommended to refuse it.

Doctors are sounding the alarm: more and more often, patients refuse vaccination, citing the danger to life caused by side effects from the administration of a particular vaccine. Modern man I’m not ready to risk my health in exchange for theoretical protection from viruses. However, there are vaccines that you simply cannot refuse, because they save a person’s life. We are talking to you about rabies vaccination. In this publication we will consider two the most important issues: Why is a rabies vaccine so necessary for humans - the side effects of this vaccine.

The importance of rabies vaccination

Rabies vaccine (rabies vaccine) is the only way to protect a person from a virus that is transmitted from a sick animal through saliva. It is important to understand that rabies is fatal. dangerous disease, for which there is no treatment. Only primary vaccination (creating immunity from the virus before an animal bite) or secondary vaccination (given to a person after the bite) can prevent death.

Cases of human infection with the rabies virus are recorded throughout the world. The only country where this disease does not exist is the Hawaiian Islands. In other countries, the threat of infection is present, but this is especially true for countries with low level life, where control of vaccination of people and animals is weak. According to WHO statistics, an average of 10–12 million people receive rabies vaccinations per year. At the same time, up to 35 thousand people die every year from the rabies virus, most of them children who were bitten by an infected dog, fox, wolf or bat (the main distributors of the deadly infection).

Types of rabies vaccinations

Modern medicine offers 2 types of vaccines. Let's look at each of them.

Vaccination of the first type (primary prevention)
It is designed to form a strong immunity in a person against the possible entry of the rabies virus into the body. This vaccine is administered three times (on the 1st, 7th, and 28th day), begins to act seven days after the first injection and is effective for 2 years.

Vaccination of the second type (prevention after an animal bite)
It is called anti-rabies immunoglobulin and is characterized by short-term protection of the body in the event of an existing bite. This vaccination is a series of 5 injections that must be administered over 28 days.

Contraindications to vaccine administration

It is worth saying that the drug in question cannot be administered to everyone. Thus, primary vaccination is contraindicated for children with severe illnesses and weakened immune systems. This drug should be administered with caution to persons with tumors, patients with AIDS and HIV, as well as those who have experienced severe side effects during a previous vaccination.

Side effects of the rabies vaccine

It has been proven that modern vaccines do not cause side effects or cause them extremely rarely. With rabies vaccination, the risk of adverse effects increases with the amount of antibodies administered.

As a rule, vaccine administration is limited to the following symptoms: swelling at the injection site, redness and mild itching. Sometimes headache and muscle pain appear, weakness and dizziness are observed, and dyspeptic symptoms occur.

More severe side effects that accompany vaccination include: pain and aching in the joints, the appearance of hives and the development of fever. In exceptional cases, Guillain-Barre syndrome may develop. This condition is characterized by autonomic disorders, sensory disturbances, and flaccid paresis of the limbs. Fortunately, these symptoms completely disappear within 12 weeks.

Realizing the importance of the rabies vaccination in humans, side effects when administering antibodies should not confuse either adults or children. Take care of yourself!

It is one of the most serious infectious diseases existing in the world. It is caused by rhabdoviruses and is characterized by a steadily progressive course with damage to nerve cells. Distinctive feature This pathology is the presence of various phobias, the most pronounced of which is the fear of water. Just at the thought of it, a person experiences attacks of painful spasms of the muscles of the larynx and pharynx, which are accompanied by psychomotor agitation and impaired consciousness. Ultimately, the rabies virus affects the entire nervous system, leading to the development of encephalomyelitis and ending in death.

Prevention of rabies

Despite the fact that the causes of rabies are known, a cure that can cure patients has never been found. Therefore, special attention in medicine is paid to issues of prevention, within the structure of which several areas can be distinguished; let’s consider them in more detail.

Fighting infection in nature

Under natural conditions, the virus constantly circulates among wild animals. This poses a danger to pets (cats, dogs), farm animals and directly to humans. Therefore, the first link of prevention is to influence the source of infection and reduce the overall incidence of rabies in nature. For this purpose the following is carried out:

• constant regulation of the number of wild animals, especially those that are potentially dangerous from this point of view (in Europe, these are primarily foxes);
• shooting of sick individuals;
• oral immunization (by applying rabies vaccine to attractive carriers, such as chicken heads, and then scattering them in forests).

Preventing disease in pets

An important component of rabies prevention is preventing the possibility of infection of domestic animals, since humans have the closest contact with them. For this purpose, introduced simple rules security:

• catching stray dogs and cats that can act as a reservoir of infection;
• timely identification and destruction of sick individuals;
• registration of pets and annual vaccinations;
• transportation control livestock, cats and dogs;
• planned preventive vaccination of animals in farms unaffected by rabies.

Emergency measures for suspected rhabdovirus infection

All people bitten, scratched or slobbered by any animal are considered suspected of being infected with rabies. In these cases, you need to be on your guard, since even a seemingly healthy animal can be infected with the virus and excrete it in its saliva long before the main symptoms of the disease appear.

You should not neglect taking preventive measures, because only they save the life of an infected person. And most cases of the disease are associated precisely with late seeking of medical help.

• Immediately after a bite (or as soon as possible), you must contact a medical institution at your place of residence.
• Such persons must necessarily have the wound treated by washing it with a soap solution and lubricating it with an alcohol solution of iodine.
• After this, the issue of introducing an anti-rabies vaccine is decided.

Rabies vaccination for humans

The rabies vaccine was invented back in the 19th century, but even today it remains the only way to save the life of a person infected with rhabdovirus. The main condition for its effectiveness is the timeliness and continuity of administration according to the schedule.

There is planned and emergency vaccination against rabies. Vaccination is routinely carried out for persons at increased risk of infection, these include:

• people involved in catching stray dogs;
• hunters;
• foresters;
• veterinarians;
• laboratory workers exposed to the virus.

Emergency prophylaxis is carried out for all persons after being bitten by a wild or domestic animal. If the guilty animal is apparently healthy, then it is monitored for 10 days. And the victim begins a course of vaccination, which may be incomplete, provided that the animal is not sick. If a person is injured by a wild, suspicious or sick animal, vaccination is carried out in full.

The modern emergency prevention regimen includes 6 injections:

• the first is introduced on the day of treatment;
• the next one – on the 7th day;
• then - on days 14, 28;
• The last dose of the vaccine is administered to the body on the 90th day.

The vaccine is injected into the deltoid muscle of the shoulder or thigh at a dose of 2.5 IU. For this purpose, a purified inactivated rabies vaccine containing a weakened strain of the virus is used.

Additionally, along with the first vaccination, rabies immunoglobulin is used at a dose of 20 IU per kg of body weight. This helps protect the body from the virus before it produces its own antibodies and prevents the spread of infection along the nerve fibers.

If the victim was vaccinated according to the generally accepted scheme before the bite, then he is given the first three injections without the use of specific immunoglobulin.

It should be noted that after vaccination, side effects may develop most often in the form of:

• local reactions in the area of ​​drug administration;
• post-vaccination.

However, the threat of these reactions cannot be compared with the immediate threat to life that this infection poses.

Treatment

All patients with rabies are hospitalized in a hospital. Specific and effective treatment With this infection does not exist, its progression inevitably leads to death. Therapeutic tactics are aimed at:

• relief of suffering;
• creating optimal conditions for the patient (quiet, darkened room).

For this we use:

• and sleeping pills;
• anticonvulsants;
• analgesics;
• antipyretics;
• oxygen therapy, etc.

Which doctor should I contact?

If you suspect the possibility of rabies infection, you should immediately go to the emergency room or emergency room of a surgical hospital, or to an infectious diseases hospital. If the disease develops, supportive treatment is carried out in the infectious diseases department, and additional consultations with a neurologist and cardiologist are prescribed.

Conclusion

The effectiveness of emergency rabies prevention reaches 99%. In this case, the vaccine should be administered to all persons with high risk infection, despite age, concomitant diseases and possible side effects. The latter are rare, but still possible, and are recorded in 0.02-0.03% of cases.

Health-saving channel, allergist-immunologist V.V. Kotsarenko talks about rabies vaccination:

According to WHO, more than 55 thousand people die every year from rabies. There is no other way to protect against this disease other than vaccinations. What complications are possible if the rabies vaccine is combined with alcohol consumption, how will this affect the immune system? Will the risk of infection increase?

Rabies vaccinations

The rabies virus Rabies virus is transmitted to humans from infected animals through saliva, blood, and there are even cases of transmission of the virus by inhalation of air containing viruses, food, through the placenta to the fetus in pregnant women.

The rabies virus is deadly. There is no treatment for this infectious disease, in 100% of cases, infection leads to death. The only reliable remedy is prevention. For this purpose, everyone who has been bitten is given an anti-rabies vaccine - only 6 injections.

The vaccine must be administered as quickly as possible to stay ahead of the spread of the virus. As soon as the virus enters the brain, it causes paralysis of the centers of breathing and heartbeat. When symptoms of infection appear, modern medicine is not able to help the patient.

Vaccinations should begin within the first 3 days after an animal attack. Vaccinations are given at 0, 3, 7, 14, 30, 90 days after treatment. Immunity is developed in humans for 1 year.

The vaccine has no contraindications, since the risk fatal outcome exceeds the risk of any possible complications. The rabies vaccine is given even to pregnant women and infants, the elderly, and newborns. But is it possible to drink alcohol during the vaccination period?

If the bitten animal does not die 10 days after the bite, then there is no need to worry about infection. The animal becomes infectious 7-10 days before death. And if the animal that attacked a person remains alive after this period, then it does not suffer from rabies. In this case, the course of vaccinations is stopped early.

The effect of alcohol on vaccination results

Restrictions on alcohol intake during vaccination with rabies vaccine exist only in the regulatory documentation of the Russian Federation. The WHO recommendations regarding the use of alcohol during rabies vaccinations do not contain any prohibitive instructions, but does this mean that they can be combined?

Of course, doctors do not recommend that victims of a bite celebrate this sad event by drinking a heavy dose of alcohol. Alcoholic drinks have a negative effect even on absolutely healthy person, especially since they are not useful if a person has been seriously injured by an animal attack.

Moreover, it is not worth the risk that there is no effective treatment for the disease. The only way to stay alive if bitten by a rabid animal is to get vaccinated without breaking the schedule, carefully monitoring all changes in the body.

Inefficiency drug treatment when infected with rabies, it is explained by the fact that the virus infects the nervous tissue, spreading from the site of the bite to the brain. The time of the first symptoms and the likelihood of infection depends on the location of the lesion. If a person is bitten on the face or neck, symptoms of infection may appear in a person within 5 days.

According to the instructions of the Russian Federation, it is inadmissible to drink alcohol during the period of vaccination for people and for another 6 months after the last vaccination. What constitutes in total more than 9 months.

So why can't you combine? Such recommendations are explained by the possibility of a general and local allergic reaction.

The vaccine itself, when administered, can cause the following consequences:

• swelling, itching;
• dizziness;
• pain in joints, muscles;
• vomiting;
• pain, discomfort in the stomach.

And the most dangerous consequence administration of serum is the possibility of anaphylactic shock - an instantly developing allergic response of the body that can lead to death.

If a person drinks alcohol after vaccination, these symptoms may be masked. There is a danger of not seeing the compatibility of vaccination with alcohol consumption, overlooking the appearance of dangerous symptoms threatening the life of the victim.

And, although the risk of anaphylactic shock is only 0.00001%, it exists. And the high mortality rate of this complication (up to 2%) should stop a person and force him to abstain from drinking alcohol.

To others dangerous complication Rabies vaccinations can cause angioedema. This allergic reaction occurs more often (up to 3%) than anaphylactic shock, and is also very dangerous, threatening the life of the victim.

If a drunk person is bitten by a stray animal, you cannot wait until the victim sobers up.

It is necessary to provide immediate assistance to him:

• take measures to sober up - rinse the stomach, give enterosorbents, carry out detoxification using a dropper with a glucose-saline solution;
• administer rabies vaccine to prevent rabies.

Consequences

The duration of action of each vaccine administration on the body is 10 days. During rabies vaccinations, side effects such as allergies, vomiting, and headaches occur.

Taking products containing alcohol at this time can intensify symptoms, cause a deterioration in the victim’s condition, and exacerbation of chronic diseases. Alcohol can mask the symptoms of severe allergic reactions during vaccination, as well as symptoms of infection.