Why do you need a recycling collection point? Reception of waste paper - a controversial business idea with great prospects

IN European countries ah up to 80% household waste returns back to production. In Russia, the system for collecting recyclable materials is being revived. This is economically beneficial for processors, and gives many entrepreneurs a good chance to open their own business with minimal investment in 2017.

About 4 million hectares of land in Russia are occupied by landfills, and it is no coincidence that 2017 has been declared the year of ecology. The federal budget includes funds for preferential lending for waste disposal activities. For those who are starting a business from scratch, ideas for collecting recyclable materials will be interesting, since this business does not require large investments, and the need of enterprises is constantly growing. Since varieties " useful garbage» a lot, let’s review the recyclable materials in demand in Russia.

What types of waste are in demand?

Expecting to open a business in 2017, you need to know what waste is of interest to existing producers in the city or region. Demand and prices for them are determined by actual and potential buyers. The most profitable is considered to be the processing of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, glass and waste paper (Table 1).

Recycled raw materials in Russia are used in almost all industries, and the demand for them is growing. Prices vary in different regions, they are determined by the needs of local producers.

1. Car tires.

This is one of the most promising areas for starting a business from scratch; ideas in this direction deserve special attention. The volume of discarded tires in Russia in 2015 was about 940 thousand tons. More than 80% goes to landfill (of which 20% is burned), and only 17% is mechanically recycled. The content of usable components is shown in table. 2, potential market capacity - in Fig. 1.

Most often, used tires are recycled into crumb rubber. The material is 2-3 times cheaper than synthetic rubber. The market is at an early stage of development, but prices have already formed, demand and stable supply have appeared. Certain requirements are imposed on the feedstock: the waste must comply with GOST 8407-89, it must be clean, have a residual layer of rubber, and intact sides. Typically, tires on rims, with studs, and mixed rubber-metal products are not accepted.

2. Waste paper

During 2013-2015, prices for waste paper increased by almost 60%; its export is currently prohibited, and sales are exempt from VAT. This is a traditional raw material in demand on the market; GOST 10700-97 has been developed for it. According to this document, the paper used is divided into 15 classes based on composition and 3 quality groups. The most expensive variety: white drawing, writing, copying (MS-1A), the cheapest - wallpaper, packaging, poster (MS-13B).

Raw materials are universally accepted for processing by factories producing:

1. paper, containers, corrugated cardboard packaging (relevant ones included);
2. linoleum, roofing insulating materials, vinyl leather;
3. toilet paper, napkins, disposable medical linen.

The quality requirements depend on the direction of recycling. The paper must be cleaned, sorted, packaged (pressed) into briquettes weighing 50 kg or more. This processing saves warehouse space and reduces transportation costs.

3. Scrap metal (ferrous and non-ferrous).

Most profitable business However, its organization is the most expensive of all types of recycling collection. This is due to the need to obtain a license; the rules and conditions for obtaining it, as well as handling scrap metal, are regulated by two main regulations:

1. on licensing of procurement, storage, processing - No. 1287, 12/12/2012;
2. on the handling of scrap and waste of non-ferrous metals - No. 370, 05/11/2001.

Procurement includes the purchase of scrap from individuals and organizations, transportation and sales. Mandatory requirements: drawing up acceptance certificates, monitoring for radioactivity and explosion safety. This entails the purchase of special equipment, training and confirmation of the qualifications of workers.

License terms, OKVED codes for ferrous metal and non-ferrous metal - different. This is a competitive type of activity, however, in regions with developed metallurgical and metalworking industries, it brings good income. The opportunity to open your own business in this area is simplified if you use a franchise offer, they are presented on the market.

4. Used batteries.

About 65% of the metal that is used in the production of new batteries is recovered from old batteries. The main part is lead (up to 17 kg), and in addition: nickel, zinc, cobalt, silver oxides. This is economically beneficial for enterprises, so the average acceptance prices for this type of recyclable materials are high. For example, in Novosibirsk there are more than 50 companies that buy batteries, and the cost ranges from 570 (45Ah) to 3,400 (220Ah) rubles.

Common places for collecting batteries: garage cooperatives, active roadways, transport companies, car repair services. Reception centers are usually located there and advertisements are posted there. If you consider that most car owners are simply too lazy to specifically look for a place to return a used battery, then they give them away for 150-200 rubles.

However, the collection and storage of batteries is subject to licensing. This is waste of hazard class 3-4, and work with it is regulated by two federal laws: No. 89-FZ (06.24.1998) and No. 99-FZ (05.04.2011). The license is issued to both the individual entrepreneur and the organization. It notes a specific type of activity, so you can limit yourself only to the collection of batteries, including their neutralization (draining the electrolyte).

5. Polymer waste (PET bottles).

This type of recyclable material is represented by waste plastic production, and household waste of the population. If 80% of the former go into secondary processing, then used bags, packaging, disposable tableware everywhere litters recreation areas, large and medium-sized cities. In the total volume of garbage, the share of plastic is more than 60-70%. The PET bottle holds the palm among polymers.

The main consumers are companies producing building materials, polyethylene film, and plastic household products. Demand for it clearly exceeds supply (Fig. 2). Acceptance prices depend on the quality, purity and degree of processing of the material. Thus, landfill waste costs 2-3 times lower than sorted household waste. The most primitive processing that PET undergoes:

• removing lids and labels;
• sorting by color;
• pressing into bags.

Inexpensive mini-plants for plastic processing significantly increase business profitability. For example, landfill PET waste is accepted at a price of up to 6 rubles/kg, LDPE waste - from 10 rubles/kg, washed and sorted used film - at 11-13 rubles/kg, and granules and agglomerate cost 25-35 rub/kg Despite the fact that the cost of new Russian-made film varies from 39 to 49 rubles/kg.

In fact, the plastic recycling market in Russia is just emerging. Experts estimate its potential at $150 million. From all types of polymer waste collection: collection points, separation from garbage, separate collection household waste - the latter is the most effective from an economic point of view.

6. Cullet and glass containers.

Along with waste paper, there are old and sought-after recyclables. Cullet took the place of solid glassware for a simple reason. Manufacturers have begun to produce such original bottles and cans that this makes it very difficult for them reuse.

It is required always and everywhere. Two years ago, the Novosibirsk Ekran plant began opening collection points for recyclable materials from the population, since its shortage was holding back production. He needs up to 5 tons of cullet per month, but with the help of suppliers (including other regions) he manages to collect only 1.5-2 tons.

A collection point for glass containers justifies itself if, for example, a brewery is located nearby. Thus, Baltika uses up to 36% of recycled bottles. But cullet is even more profitable because it expands the list of potential suppliers. These could be companies that install window packages, you can install containers for separate fee in the yards. Glass makes up about 17% of household waste.

7. Computer scrap.

Old electrical equipment, computers, and telephones are in great demand, as evidenced by a simple request in Yandex (Fig. 3). At the same time, prices for scrap are very good (Fig. 4). This activity is usually carried out through intermediary firms that have appropriate licenses and are associated with raw material processors. They do the disassembly and sorting themselves, forming batches for delivery of quite large volumes (from 300 kg).

This is a good option for starting a business from scratch if you organize a reception point in a multi-storey residential area. In almost every apartment there is a lot of rubbish that has been lying around in the corners for years and is simply thrown into the trash. Simply because there is no place nearby where it can be rented out, even for little money.

The collection of equipment containing precious metals does not require licensing, but the company must be registered with the Assay Office. Therefore, in order not to do without registration at the first stage permitting documentation, you can operate under a contract with one of these companies, maintaining a representative office in your city or region.

Finally.

There are three main sources of recyclables:

• reception directly from the population,
• removal of defects and waste from organizations and enterprises;
• collection, transportation from landfills of solid waste.

The latter is the most stable, although its implementation will require concluding an agreement with the municipal housing and communal services service. It is necessary to provide for the costs of specialized equipment, which are usually small. In general, this activity does not require licensing, with the exception of work with scrap metal and hazardous waste (batteries, mercury). It falls under the patent tax system - the most beneficial for small businesses.

As you know, today you can make money not only by producing any product, but also by receiving waste. In particular, this applies to waste paper. Moreover, you can build a very profitable business on paper waste. We will talk further about how to start a business using waste paper.

A little about recycling paper waste

Many of us remember how, during the times Soviet Union Waste paper collections were regularly held in schools and businesses. Moreover, as a rule, there were no special problems with finding it.

After all, a person, both at home and at work, constantly encounters paper in the form of documents, newspapers, magazines, books, advertising brochures and brochures, packaging for various goods, napkins, etc.

In our country, as a rule, waste of this type They are simply taken to a landfill, where they are burned or rot in the rain and snow.

At the same time, in most European countries, paper waste is recycled. Due to this, companies engaged in this have the opportunity to receive good and stable income. Thus, according to recent studies, about half of all European paper is made from recycled materials.

Of course, these results are largely a consequence of green pressure to preserve forests and recycle waste paper as much as possible. In Russia, the acceptance of recyclable materials and their further use not so well developed. Therefore, entrepreneurs have every opportunity to start a similar business and earn good money. First of all, you need to draw up a detailed business plan.

Waste paper as a source of income: where to start?

As when opening any other business, first initial stage need to register as legal entity or individual entrepreneur. The most suitable form for a waste paper collection point is an individual entrepreneur (individual entrepreneur).

Selection of premises

Due to the fact that the collected paper waste will need to be stored somewhere, it is necessary to take care of the warehouse. If you have sufficient funds, you can rent a suitable room. If your budget is limited, then you can use, for example, your own garage for this purpose. When renting premises, it is advisable to select an area where your waste paper collection point will be the only establishment of this kind.

Staff

At first, you can work independently. However, keep in mind that as a business owner, you will have many other concerns besides dealing with paper waste. After all, you will have to search for clients, enter into contracts with them, take care of delivery, etc.

Therefore, when opening a business using waste paper, it makes sense to resort to the help of hired employees. Due to the fact that the work is simple and does not require any high qualifications, selecting personnel will not be difficult.

Where to look for suppliers?

You can receive paper waste both from individuals and from various stores, companies and other organizations. It is important to try to build long-term relationships with suppliers. After all, even a small store or company can deliver about 20-30 kilograms of waste paper to your collection point every week.

In addition, schools, kindergartens, restaurants and cafes can become the main suppliers. Therefore, do not be lazy to establish relationships with the management of such institutions. This will ensure you have a steady flow of raw materials.

As for individuals, it is advisable to conduct a small advertising campaign with the distribution of booklets and a description of the benefits and benefits of such an activity. In addition, you can hire local janitors who, for a small fee, will not only provide you with a variety of paper waste, but also sort it.

Subtleties of work

All waste paper arriving at your collection point will need to be carefully sorted. This will significantly increase the profitability of your business. Therefore, a waste paper business must provide for the organization of a site for the primary processing of incoming recyclables, where the paper will be sorted into classes. First class is the most expensive.

This includes waste from the production of white uncoated paper (with the exception of newsprint), as well as all types of white paper in the form of scraps and products based on unbleached sulphate pulp. The second class includes waste paper in the form of cardboard, unnecessary books, magazines and brochures without spines, covers and bindings. The third class includes newspapers and paper pulp.

Equipment

Since the waste paper business involves not only the collection of recyclable materials, but also their sorting and subsequent delivery to customers, you will need to purchase some equipment. So, the receiving point must be equipped with a special press. It is not necessary to buy a new unit; you can get by with a used one. You can buy it for about 50 thousand rubles. To deliver sorted waste paper to its destination, you will need to purchase a truck.

Sales of waste paper

When organizing a business for recyclable materials, first of all, you need to decide where you will take the collected paper waste. As a rule, in every city there are resellers who will gladly accept your waste paper. However, the price will be lower than when selling directly, but they will pay you right away. Also, often in each region you can find a collection point for recyclables or a pulp and paper mill.

But cooperation with them has a number of difficulties. So, when delivering raw materials to a receiving point, they are checked for moisture and blockages. As a rule, both are found, which automatically reduces the cost of waste paper by 30-40%. As for money, no one will pay you right away, and sometimes you have to wait several months for payment. In view of this, it is often much more profitable to build waste paper collection as a business in cooperation with resellers of recyclable materials.

Collection of paper waste as a business: the financial side of the issue

On average, to open a waste paper collection point you will need to spend about 200 thousand rubles. If, thanks to your efforts, you can collect about 20 tons of recyclable materials per week and sell it at a price of 1.5 to 2.5 thousand rubles per ton, then your weekly earnings will be about 40 thousand rubles.

If you subtract overhead costs from this amount, then the net profit will be at least 100-120 thousand rubles per month. Thus, you can easily recoup the initial costs in the first couple of months of active work.

Business not only on collection, but also on further processing of paper waste

If you want to organize not only the reception of waste paper, but also its further processing, then you can count on much greater profits. However, in this case, you will have to organize your own production, which will require significant financial investments.

So, first of all, it is necessary to select a suitable premises and purchase the appropriate equipment. Today you can purchase both a line for the primary processing of waste paper and for recycling full cycle. In the first case, you will resell the resulting raw materials to large manufacturers.

And in the second, you yourself will engage in the production of final products in the form of cardboard, newspaper or toilet paper, napkins, paper bags etc. In this case, your profit can range from several hundred thousand to several million rubles per month. However, opening such a business will require spending at least two million rubles.

Instructions

The registration period for a private legal entity or LLC usually takes no more than 5 days. If you plan to hire more than 15 people, then the extract from the Unified State Register of Individual Entrepreneurs/Unified State Register of Legal Entities must indicate OKVED codes, in accordance with information about the main types of work. Registration of OKVED will take you from 2 to 4 days. Order stamps for your business.

Find and rent (or buy) a space (or several) where you can store and accept recyclables. Receive positive opinions on the satisfactory condition of the premises from the environmental expert commission, sanitary and epidemiological inspection and fire service.

Due to the fact that many types recyclable materials to class IV waste hazard, obtain a license from the local branch of Rostechnadzor to provide its reception. Submit the following documents:
- statement;
- passport and TIN;
- constituent documents of the individual entrepreneur;
- a list of waste (of all hazard classes - from I to IV), which you plan to receive;
- a copy of the environmental impact assessment report;
- copies of lease or purchase agreements for premises where collection will be made recyclable materials;
- a copy of the conclusion from the sanitary and epidemiological inspection on the proper condition of the premises.

Sources:

• how to start a business using recycled materials
• Business idea: How to open a scrap metal collection point?

Items reception payments began to bring great income to their owners when the opportunity arose in addition to cellular communications You can also use them to pay for the Internet, cable TV, utilities and even fines imposed by the traffic police. At the same time, the organization of the point reception payments, as before, is not at all as expensive as one might imagine at first glance; even a novice entrepreneur can open it.

You will need

• 1. Registration of individual entrepreneur or legal entity
• 2. Agreement with the payment system
• 3. Renting a small space
• 4. Office equipment and mobile communications
• 5. Two cashier-operators of the collection point
• 6. One or more automatic payment terminals

Instructions

Select item format reception payments – there are two main methods, although they may well be combined at one point. The first is an automatic payment system, located on the street or in any place visited by people - a commercial or business cinema, or a cinema. The second method is accepting payments using, sending funds through a computer or mobile phone connected to a WAP site.

Enter into an agreement with a payment system that is a dealer - a variety of products for which you will accept payments. There are several such systems; the standard conditions for cooperation with each of them are different, as are the technical means used by each of them in their work. Before choosing, carefully study the offerings of each system, looking for the most profitable option from the possibilities you have.

Rent a small room in a busy place if you decide to set up a point reception payments with an operator sending information using a computer or telephone. Purchase office equipment and software, meeting the requirements of the payment system you have chosen. It costs two shift cashiers to hire for this job.

Buy a payment terminal that will be located autonomously or inside your location where the operator works. In the second case, the terminal will significantly speed up the service process; in addition, nothing interferes, having its own stationary point reception, place in different places There are also several terminals. When choosing, pay attention to its resistance to temperature, as well as various external influences (“anti-vandal” equipment), and the number of available functions.

Video on the topic

Helpful advice

If you see that the terminal is bringing in little profit, try moving it to another location that may be more successful - without losing anything.

Remember that when choosing a terminal with a large number provided services that can be provided with its help, you choose a terminal that will freeze more often and require more than simple maintenance.

Sources:

• Article dedicated to business on payment terminals

Reception scrap metal- not only a profitable, but also a noble occupation, because unnecessary items that have served their time are collected for subsequent recycling. Instead of rotting in a landfill for decades, scrap metal will become new life.

Instructions

Register an individual entrepreneur, OKVED code 37.10.1.

Create a business plan. It takes into account the costs not only of renting and purchasing equipment, but also the costs of purchasing large quantity scrap metal among the population. Plan initial capital for opening a business of at least 150,000 rubles.

Find a place to do business. When choosing, keep in mind that you need an area of ​​at least 50-200 square meters. m. for metal storage and for placing scales. Provide the site with security. It's best that your paragraph located next to the private sector and had a convenient access road.

Purchase equipment: ton scales for ferrous metals and pointer scales with weights for non-ferrous metals. Over time, your business may expand and you will need expensive automated equipment, but these costs will quickly pay for themselves.

Hire employees, initially this could be a receptionist and a sorter. To save money, you can temporarily accept metals in person and hire a sorter.

Advertise for admission scrap metal among the population. To do this, use the local press and street posting of leaflets. Strictly control the acceptance process personally and instruct employees to stop the illegal scrapping of illegally obtained items. Keep a record of accepted metal. These measures will help avoid problems with law enforcement agencies.

Also organize the sale and export of accepted metal for further processing.

The problem of recycling recyclable materials, in particular, waste paper very relevant for our country. The development potential of this business is, without exaggeration, enormous, since every year Russians throw away several million tons of paper. Having organized paragraph reception waste paper, you will not only be able to contribute to solving this problem, but will also receive a stable source of income.

You will need

• - transport;
• - room.

Instructions

Find distribution channels waste paper. It is necessary to start this business from this stage, since you must clearly understand where and in what volumes you will be able to sell the collected raw materials. These can be paper factories or factories producing roofing felt or gypsum building materials. Negotiate the price with future buyers: this is what you will start from when calculating your basic expenses.

Buy cargo transport. At first, you can get by with just one car, with which you will go around certain places where everything will already be collected for you. waste paper. It is advisable to choose a vehicle with a covered body.

Find a room for reception and storage waste paper. This could be any utility unit or even a garage. If possible, choose a room with heating and electricity. Install the scales. To legally operate, you need a fire department permit.

Determine the price per 1 kg of raw materials received. Keep in mind that it is unlikely that potential clients will be paid too much. That is why bet on the social significance of your work, and also focus on low-income segments of the population. Post notices in the nearby area and place free advertisements in the newspaper to inform the public about your opening. paragraph A.

Try to establish a reception waste paper free from the public. This is much easier to do than it seems at first glance. Many organizations will be only too happy if you simply remove their paper waste on an ongoing basis. In addition, you can find volunteers among schoolchildren or organize an action environmental orientation in a number of educational institutions. As a bonus, give out thank you notes and small prizes.

Established ecological situation V modern world forces everything more people think about recycling waste, especially those consisting of difficult-to-degrade materials. In this regard, a business has emerged for accepting recyclable materials and processing them.

What can be recycled

For many decades, waste paper has been accepted - paper packaging, books, newspapers, magazines, cardboard, office paper. There are many points for collecting glass - bottles, cans, cullet. We also accept scrap ferrous and non-ferrous metals and aluminum cans. There are points where you can donate your used clothes, textiles, toys and shoes.

The cheap and easy production of plastic has made it one of the most popular materials on Earth: bags, film, containers and bottles for food and drinks, dishes, equipment cases, furniture and much more are made from it. With ever-increasing volumes of production and consumption, the spread of plastic is reaching alarming proportions. A huge amount of plastic containers are disposable (for example, food is sold in them) and end up in the trash can immediately after unpacking the goods. To decompose into natural conditions, it will take hundreds of years, and it will also poison the soil. Fortunately, there are points where they accept plastic products and send them to recycling plants. There, raw materials are obtained from it in the form of polymer granules, from which plastic products are then made again.

Hazardous waste deserves special attention: batteries, accumulators, mercury lamps and devices. Their processing is complex and requires high costs, so collection points hazardous waste much less than needed, and they can’t always be found nearby. However, it is important to collect such waste and periodically recycle it, since it is highly polluting. environment and harm people's health. They are increasingly accepted in large stores and supermarkets.

There are also points where various specific waste is accepted: household appliances, computers and laptops, electronic scrap, car tires, cartridges for office equipment, etc.

Details

There are also terms to refer to waste recycling recycling, recycling, recycling of recyclable materials, waste disposal. It involves the reuse of production waste. Recycling can be secondary, tertiary, etc.

For raw materials to be suitable for processing, they must meet certain requirements. Thus, waste paper must contain an acceptable proportion of impurities, different for production different types paper. The returned waste paper should not contain any other elements besides paper - glued book spines, polymer fabrics and films, wooden and metal elements. Plastic containers must be without paper stickers, clean, etc.

Therefore, before handing over, recyclable materials should be prepared and sorted so that they can be accepted without problems. You can find out about the requirements in advance at the reception point.

Today in every city there are companies that buy waste paper. It is used to make toilet paper, cardboard, and processed into writing paper. Some companies organize waste paper recycling themselves. Others press and rent it out to the nearest pulp mill for decent money.

Most often, paper raw material collection points accept it at a price of 2 to 3 rubles. for 1 kg. Large supermarkets recycle from 50 to 200 kg of cardboard containers daily. Every week, the average office produces about 20 kg of unnecessary paper.

Most of the paper waste is thrown away at wholesale centers, markets, shops, educational institutions, offices, organizations. These archival papers and no longer needed packaging are transported by truck.

How to organize waste paper collection from scratch

To collect waste paper, it is enough to enter into partnership agreements with these paper waste suppliers. For a serious business you need a lot of such suppliers - more than 100. You will have to spend time and effort to develop connections.

These organizations and companies remove unnecessary paper, paying for waste removal at their own expense.

Can be offered to retail outlets, organizations etc. enter into an agreement that you will not only remove all the paper they don’t need, but pay them for it, solving the problem of their paper waste.

The frequency of export of this raw material depends on its volume. This is usually 1-5 times weekly. The fee for unnecessary paper is 50 rubles. for 200 kg of raw materials.

Over time, many such points for collecting paper raw materials will be developed. To remove waste paper, you need a warehouse, a truck or a trailer. At the initial stage of development of this business, you can rent them or use your own garage.

Important Competently plan your daily route to reduce your car's mileage.

Profitability calculations

If 1 ton of paper raw material is collected per day, then the cost of purchasing it will be 250 rubles. (that is, the price per kg will be 25 kopecks). The cost of gasoline and renting a warehouse will be about 500 rubles. daily. This waste paper will be delivered to an assembly point in the amount of 3 thousand rubles. Net profit daily will be 2250 rubles.

IN big city there is a real opportunity to collect 2-3 tons of waste paper per day.

Organization of a paper waste collection point

It is possible to collect waste paper by low prices from the collectors. To do this, it is necessary to organize a collection point and an advertising campaign “I will accept waste paper” in a residential neighborhood in an accessible place.

This can be done economically, attaching a notice to the back of his car and making several trips around a busy part of a residential neighborhood.

Large quantities of sorted and bagged waste paper can then be sold to waste paper recycling factories for decent prices. Recycling factories accept 1 ton of waste paper for 50 - 120 dollars.

Pros of this business

1. , except for the cost of gasoline and warehouse rental.
2. There is no need for special knowledge or experience in running a business.
3. Working capital spent on the purchase of waste paper is recouped on the same day.
4. The profit can be decent.
5. There is low competition in this business segment, since few people like to tinker with paper trash.
6. This business helps maintain ecological balance on the planet and reduce deforestation.

Collection of waste paper as a business is very successful if it is organized correctly.