The longest shot by a sniper. Russian snipers “outdid” the Americans in long-range shooting. Rifle from the garage

The experiment was carried out on agricultural fields Kaluga region.

The world record was set by Russian snipers who hit a target located almost three and a half kilometers away from the firing position. The incredible result is now being called a new victory domestic weapons and are even going to apply to the Guinness Book of Records. Our field shooting masters beat the previous group record by 100 meters, and the professional sniper record by more than one thousand.

The fire experiment took place on the border of Kaluga and Tula regions near the regional center of Tarusa. It was here that sniper Vladislav Lobaev, together with his team, decided to carry out an ambitious task - to break the world record in rifle shooting.

This is an exclusive shooting - of a record nature. This is not group shooting - this is shooting to hit, at least one shot,” says Vladislav Lobaev, designer of sniper rifles.

By the way, Vladislav Lobaev himself is an athlete and enjoys long-range shooting. In addition, Lobaev developed the latest sniper rifle, which now bears his name. A few years ago, a man created the first private mass production company in Russia. precision weapons. After many advances in weapons development, go for new record- already in the sniper business - Vlad, one might say, was forced by the Americans.

We are talking about a video that appeared on the Internet in which four foreign cowboys old age hit a target at a distance of 30 football fields - that's about three thousand three hundred meters. Among domestic masters, the foreign experiment aroused suspicion and turned into a challenge.

Already here, in Russia, a distance of three thousand four hundred meters is a hundred more than that of the Americans. In other words, the territory for the experiment is comparable to 32 football fields according to FIFA standards. Or a little less than any runway at Domodedovo Airport. And in Moscow itself, this is almost the same distance as from Manezhnaya Square to the Belorussky Station - the entire Tverskaya Street. Find your way around rural areas The rangefinder helped. It was with his help that points for the sniper and targets were chosen in the fields.

The main condition of the experiment is the absence of obstacles at the entire distance. Only the field in the Kaluga region turned out to be like this. The target was set three agricultural fields from the firing position. The participants had to get here through plowed soil and mud.

The target itself measures one meter by one meter. The shield was dug right into the remains of last year's hay.

Mission Impossible. 3400 - simply no one has done it. If this happens, it will be a world record,” says Sergei Parfenov, master of sports in bullet shooting.

In Vladislav’s hands was a complex rifle, the likes of which have no analogues in the world. The sniper created the weapon with his own hands. In total, the athlete has six different models in his weapon range. By the way, this sniper rifle is called "Twilight". Its caliber is 408 Chey Tac, muzzle velocity is 900 meters per second, length is 1430 millimeters, barrel length is 780 millimeters, weight is more than nine and a half kilograms.

True, to achieve the record, in order to increase the range, the weapon had to be modified: the bar for the sight was increased, the rear part of the barrel was moved higher. In addition, even the bullets had to be loaded with special ones - with a pointed tip that, like lightning, cuts through the air.

The first few shots were encouraging - although they didn’t hit the target, they definitely caught up with the Americans. And in order to overtake, it seems that all the conditions at the shooting range coincided - sunny weather and even the wind subsides from time to time. After some time, the bullet still pierced the target.

According to Vlad Lobaev, this result is still better than the American one and is worthy even of the Guinness Book of Records. Note that the previous record was set in Afghanistan by professional British military sniper Craig Garrison. In 2010, using an L115A3 Long Range Rifle of 8.59 mm caliber, which has a standard firing range of about 1,100 meters, he hit a target located at a distance of 2.47 kilometers.

A sniper's shot can not only hit the enemy, but also sow fear and panic in his ranks. Behind just one shot there can be years of preparation and weeks of waiting for the right moment. Often, spending for a long time in the wild and waiting for a target, a sniper must have not only all the survival skills, but also the ability not to lose concentration at a critical moment. At such a moment, a lot depends on what kind of weapon he has in his hands. Modern sniper rifles are sometimes real miracles of engineering and are capable of hitting objects at a distance of more than two kilometers. We have selected for you the 10 most famous sniper rifles - from those that helped at Stalingrad to those used in modern special operations.

(Total 10 photos)

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Source: dnpmag.com

1. “Three-line” Mosin

In 1931, the Mosin rifle became the first Soviet sniper rifle, having received the “sighting tube” from the Podolsk Optical Plant. The design subsequently underwent certain changes. The “Three Line” performed well at short and medium distances during World War II. Thus, in the Battle of Stalingrad, 98 snipers of the 13th Guards Rifle Division destroyed 3,879 German soldiers and officers.

The ASVK, or large-caliber army sniper rifle, was developed in the USSR back in the late 1980s. This 12 kg rifle is capable of hitting lightly armored and unarmored military equipment at a distance of up to a kilometer. You don’t even have to talk about defeating a person - a bullet fired from this weapon will fly one and a half kilometers at a speed of approximately 850 meters per second.

3. Vintorez

This silent sniper rifle was developed in the same 1980s as the ASVK. It was intended for special units. Later, after the collapse of the USSR, the screw cutter was actively used during the First and Second Chechen wars, as well as during the Georgian-Ossetian conflict. The length of the rifle does not reach 90 centimeters, and its weight is less than three kilograms.

After domestic samples, it’s time to move to the USA, where in 1990 the Calico M951S rifle was developed, which perfectly hits targets at medium distances. Its features are a high rate of fire and an extremely capacious magazine that can hold up to 100 rounds. Which, however, is not surprising, since the model was created on the basis of the Calico M960 submachine gun.

5. Dragunov sniper rifle

Self-loading rifle Dragunov - best example products of the Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant. This sniper gun was developed from 1958 to 1963 by a group of designers led by Evgeniy Dragunov. Over the years, the Dragunov has been modified several times and has aged a little. Currently, the SVD is considered as a high-quality, but standard rifle for a line fighter who is a sniper in the unit. Nevertheless, at a distance of up to 600 meters, it is still a formidable weapon for exterminating enemy personnel.

6. CheyTac m200 “Intervention”

CheyTac m200 “Intervention” is one of the components of the American sniper system CheyTac LRRS - produced in various modifications since 2001. This model is distinguished by its ability to hit targets at long distances (about 2 kilometers) with high accuracy. We can say that “Intervention” has become a real phenomenon in the world of computer shooters. So in famous game"Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2" it is present as one of the most powerful types of weapons.

7.AMP Technical Services DSR-1

The German DSR-1 rifle can be called the most accurate, however, only when shooting at ideal conditions- when using specialized cartridges and there is no wind. It belongs to the police or anti-terrorist weapons and is used by European formations such as GSG-9. Professional military personnel are not very fond of the DSR-1 - it is susceptible to dirt and sand, and in real combat operations, for example when there is an explosion nearby, it misfires.

8. Accuracy International AS50

AS50 was demonstrated for the first time general public in January 2005 at the ShotShow-2005 exhibition in the USA. The 1369mm equipment weighs 14.1 kilograms without optics and ammunition and is intended primarily for special operations. The sniper can fold or unfold it with lightning speed and bring it into combat readiness. High accuracy of shooting over long distances, a device for mounting various, including night, optics make the AS50 one of the best modern examples of sniper rifles.

This rifle has interesting story creation. The M82 was assembled by American Ronnie Barrett in his garage back in 1982. After the refusal of a number of leading arms companies, he decided to launch small-scale production for the domestic market. 7 years later, the Swedish Army buys 100 rifles from Barrett Firearms, and then the US Army pays attention to them during Operations Desert Storm and Desert Shield. Today the Barett M82 is in service with several dozen countries and can conduct targeted fire at a distance of almost 2 km. The rifle is present in a number of famous films And computer games up to GTA V, which once again confirms its authority.

10. Accuracy International Arctic Warfare

Another brainchild of the legendary English company Accuracy International Ltd., which has had no equal since 1980. Great Britain uses it for military purposes, and modified models are used by forces special purpose and the police. However, on the civilian weapons market this rifle is positioned as a “sports rifle” - for example, in Russia a few years ago it could be bought in a gun store for about 20 thousand dollars. The AWM fired the longest recorded combat sniper shot in history, with British soldier Craig Garrison firing at a distance of 2,475 metres. The “cultural footprint” of this weapon can also claim a record - the AWM is mentioned in a number of the most famous computer shooters, including Call of Duty, Battlefield and, of course, Counter-Strike.

Five of the longest shots taken by military snipers. This rating includes only long-range shots made by military snipers during armed conflicts. A record shot must be unique for its era and glorify the shooter. Record set must last for quite a long time, or the shot must break a record that has been unsurpassed for decades.
“FROM THIS DISTANCE THEY WILL NOT EVEN HIT AN ELEPHANT”

The names of the first shooters, who became famous for the longest shots, remained in history solely thanks to their victims - high-ranking military leaders. First attested over long shot dates back to the era of the Napoleonic Wars - its victim was the French general, Baron Auguste de Colbert. In 1809, he was killed by a rifleman of the 95th British Rifle Division, a certain Thomas Plunkett - he was in fifth position. It is believed that Plunkett killed Colbert from an incredible for that time 600 meters. And to prove that the hit was not accidental, he killed the general’s adjutant with another shot - however, this is rather a legend. There is no exact information about what kind of weapon the British shooter used. Some sources say that Plunkett fired from a standard smoothbore musket of the 1722 model, the famous Brown Bess. But it is more likely that the long-range shot was fired from a rifled fitting, which by that time had appeared in british army. By the way, British snipers of the 19th century - military men, hunters, athletes - often used a rather unusual technique - they shot lying on their backs, resting the barrel on the shin of a bent leg. It is believed that it was from this position that Plunkett shot de Colbert.

“From such a distance they won’t even hit an elephant,” they were last words American General John Sedgwick - a second later he fell from a sniper's bullet. This is already the American Civil War of 1861-1865. At the Battle of Spotsylvania, Sedgwick, who fought on the side of the United States, controlled artillery fire. The Confederate riflemen, seeing the enemy commander, began hunting for him, the staff officers lay down and invited their commander to go to cover. The enemy positions were separated by a distance of approximately one kilometer. Sedgwick, considering this distance safe, began to shame his subordinates for their timidity, but did not have time to finish - a bullet from an unknown Sergeant Grace hit him in the head. This is perhaps the longest shot of the 19th century, although it is impossible to say whether it was an accident or not. This is the fourth position in the rating. Descriptions of long-range shots - at a distance of half a kilometer - are also found in the chronicles of the War of Independence and Civil War in USA. Among the North American militias there were many good hunters, and as weapons they used long-barreled, large-caliber hunting rifles and rifles.

CARLOS "WHITE FEATHER"

The first half of the twentieth century did not bring new deadly records, at least those that would become part of history and glorify the shooter. During the First and Second World Wars, the skill of snipers was determined not by the ability to do long shot, but by the number of enemies killed. It is known that one of the most successful snipers of all time, the Finn Simo Häyhä (he accounted for up to 705 enemy soldiers killed) preferred to shoot from a distance of no more than 400 meters.

For new range records, a weapon was needed that significantly exceeded the characteristics of standard sniper rifles. Such a weapon was the Browning M2 machine gun with a caliber of 12.7x99 millimeters (50 BMG), developed in the early 30s of the last century. During the Korean War American soldiers they began to use it as a sniper rifle - the machine gun was equipped with an optical sight and could conduct single fire. With its help, a veteran of the Vietnam War, American Sergeant Carlos Norman Hathcock II, set a range record that stood for 35 years. In February 1967, an American destroyed the enemy from a distance of 2286 meters - third position. From his M2 sniper, Hathcock was guaranteed to hit a tall target with single shots from a distance of 2000 yards (a little more than 1800 meters), that is, approximately twice as much as the standard army “high-precision” M24 in calibers 308 Win (7.62x51 millimeters) and 300 Win Mag (7.62x67 millimeters). The Vietnamese nicknamed Hathcock “White Feather” - allegedly, despite the requirements of camouflage, he always attached a feather to his hat. Some sources claim that the command Northern Vietnam has placed a $30,000 reward on the sniper's head. It is noteworthy that Hathcock received his highest award - the Silver Star - not for sniper shooting, but for saving his comrades from a burning armored personnel carrier. Inspired by Hathcock's successes, military department The United States created a special commission that studied the possibility of creating a heavy sniper rifle based on Browning.

RIFLE FROM THE GARAGE

The Americans never made rifles from machine guns. But in 1982, former police officer Ronnie G. Barrett designed a 12.7 mm sniper rifle in a garage workshop - it was later designated the Barrett M82. The inventor offered his development to monsters of the arms market, such as Winchester and FN, and after the latter refused, he established his own small-scale production, registering the company Barrett Firearms. Barrett's first clients were hunters and civilian lovers of high-precision shooting, and at the very end of the 80s, a batch of 100 M82A1 rifles was purchased by Swedish troops, and after the Swedes, the American military became interested in Barrett's rifle. Today, the word "Barrett" has virtually become synonymous with a large-caliber precision rifle.

Another “high-precision” caliber of 12.7x99 millimeters began to be produced in the mid-80s by the small American company McMillan Bros. The rifle was called McMillan TAC-50 - today they are used special units USA and Canada. The full benefits of large-caliber precision weapons were revealed in Iraq and Afghanistan. With the outbreak of hostilities in the Middle East, snipers of the Western coalition began to update range records almost every year. In 2002, in Afghanistan, Canadian Arron Perry, using a McMillan TAC-50 rifle, hit a Mujahid from a distance of 2,526 yards (just over 2.3 thousand meters), thereby breaking Hathcock's long-standing record. In the same year, his compatriot Rob Furlong made a successful shot at 2657 yards (just over 2.4 thousand meters). These two shots are in second position.

American sniper Brian Kremer came close to the shooters from Canada - in March 2004 in Iraq, he hit a target at a distance of 2300 meters with a Barrett M82A1 rifle. During his two years of service in Iraq, Kremer is believed to have fired two successful shots with a range of more than 2,100 meters.

In first place is the unsurpassed record of Briton Craig Harrison to date. During an operation in Afghanistan in November 2009, at a range of 2470 meters, he destroyed two Taliban machine gunners and their machine gun. According to Craig himself, before the three effective shots he had to make nine more sighting shots.

Only recently I told you, as well as another interesting thing about them.

This story began almost three years ago, when a Russian shooter and manufacturer of high-precision long-range rifles Vlad Lobaev saw on YouTube video, where the cheerful old men from Texas hit a target with a rifle at a distance of 3,600 yards (3,292 m). Vlad decided to take on the challenge and compete with the Americans. Fortunately, he had his own weapons factory, Lobaev Arms, at hand.

The Americans fired from a custom-made ultra-long-range rifle of rare caliber .375 CheyTac. By that time, Lobaev’s company was already mass-producing the ultra-long-range rifle SVLK-14 “Twilight” in an even rarer and more powerful .408 CheyTac caliber, which allows sniper shooting at distances of over 2 km. For the record, they took a special custom “Twilight” with a titanium chassis and firing pin, with a barrel length of 720 mm and a weight of more than 9 kg.

In April 2015, on a field in the Kaluga region (there are simply no multi-kilometer shooting ranges in Russia), with this rifle, Lobaev’s team, after sighting shots, hit a target at a distance of 3400 m. The video with the record was posted on YouTube. The Americans reacted calmly: they say, okay, let's continue the duel in absentia.

Record rifle SVLK-14 “Twilight”

Subsonic

Not only the Americans reacted: a French sniper from the Foreign Legion, after long training, hit a target at a distance of 3600 m, but, apart from an article in a small specialized magazine, there is no information about this record, no one posted videos. The Americans also crossed the mark, first 3600 and then 4000 yards (3657 m).

Lobaev’s company studied this video almost under a microscope: some parameters of the shot did not match, the flight time did not match up with the initial speed and angle of inclination of the bar.

Nothing has changed in ballistics, but several hundred meters have been added. This does not happen, but since the competition was originally conceived as a competition of gentlemen, the Lobaevites decided to continue to shoot fairly with the Americans. And win by knockout - hit from four kilometers away.

Ultra-long-range shooting for shooters is considered to be shooting at a distance where at the end of the trajectory the bullet travels at deep subsonic levels, because with supersonic everything is clear - there ballistics are considered easy, simple mathematical methods. But subsonic ballistics is considered more difficult, and what’s most unpleasant is that in this mode some physical processes, which make it difficult to shoot at ultra-long distances.

Firstly, a re-stabilization effect occurs. Linear speed slows down per 1000 m, say, three times - from 900 m/s to 300 m/s. And the bullet rotation speed is only 5-10%. At subsonic speeds the speed is even lower, but the rotation speed is still the same. This leads to the fact that all the design and manufacturing defects of the bullet begin to come out, which greatly affects the dispersion. In addition, at low speeds, errors in assessing wind and weather conditions become noticeable.

The second factor is turbulence in the bottom part at deep subsonic levels. At speeds slightly less than 300 m/s this is not critical, but at ranges of more than 2 km it greatly affects accuracy. There is only one way to combat these phenomena - to develop a bullet design with a different bottom design.

If you follow the path of increasing bullet mass, you will need to change the entire cartridge, or increase the chamber, or use a new progressively burning powder, or even switch to a different caliber. Another caliber (Browning.50 or domestic 12.7×108 mm) is a transition to another class and a completely different weapon with all the ensuing consequences: other barrels, bolts, receivers, dimensions, weight and a significant increase in recoil, at which there is no talk of enjoying shooting at all.

Lobaev decided not to retreat from old cartridge case and caliber .408 CheyTac, do not change either the dimensions or weight of the weapon. He was able to develop a heavier 30 gram D30 bullet while staying within the standard cartridge.

This was also done because the cartridge is quite accessible and anyone can try to repeat the achievement. The design of the bullet was also modified: it began to resemble a long elongated spindle with two pointed ends, which made it possible to achieve an almost ideal ballistic coefficient of one. This required a change in the rifle's design, with a faster rifling pitch to stabilize the longer, heavier bullet.

If the classic rifling pitch in the 408 caliber is thirteen, then Lobaev decided to use ten on the record-breaking rifle. Although starting speed the new bullet was smaller (875 m/s for the D30 versus 935 m/s for the D27), and at 2 km it had a flatter trajectory.

Lateral support

One of the main problems with record shooting is that you can't keep raising the scope bar indefinitely. When shooting at such distances, the rifle has large elevation angles, as when shooting overhead, almost like a howitzer.

At the top point of the trajectory, the bullet travels at an altitude of several hundred meters. No scopes allow such adjustments for aiming, so for record shooting they use special rails for the scope. However, you cannot endlessly raise the bar: the muzzle device begins to block the aiming line.

This is exactly what confused Lobaev in the last American record: the angle of inclination of the bar did not correspond to the correction required for such a distance.

Lobaev spotted a solution to this problem at the artillery, where the sight had long been moved to the left of the barrel. The solution is simple, but no one in the world has used it before Lobaev. If you look closely at the photo, you can see that the sight on Lobaev’s record-breaking rifles runs to the left of the barrel. Which turned out to be more convenient for shooting: you don’t need to throw your head back and you can take the optimal position.

Lobaev's know-how is the side mount of the sight for ultra long range shooting. A year ago it was forbidden to even photograph it. This system can also be used by troops: when shooting at long distances, it helps to get by with available Russian sights.

On the second try

They were going to break the record last summer in the fields near Krasnodar. For this purpose, a giant target measuring 10x10 m was made in order to at least take aim. No one knew how a bullet behaved at such distances, and there were no exact mathematical models. It was only clear that the bullets would enter the ground in the target area almost vertically, so the target was positioned at a large angle.

Another difficulty was that the soil was wet during the shooting, so it was necessary to hit the target exactly: traces of hitting the ground at such low speeds and almost vertical angles are not visible.

Unfortunately for the entire team, the record failed the first time: they failed to hit even such a large target. While they were preparing for the next round, the Americans posted a video on the Internet with a 4 km record. It became clear that we needed to shoot even further.

For the past year, Lobaev and his team have been conjuring their magic on the rifle and new bullets, practically not giving out information about the project, fearing to jinx the world record, constantly approaching the coveted milestone, first taking 4170 m, then 4200.

Russian sniper Andrei Ryabinsky, in a team with spotters Yuri Sinichkin, Evgeniy Titov and Vladimir Grebenyuk, set a world range record aimed shooting from a sniper rifle. According to a blog post by Russian arms company Lobaev Arms, the range accurate shot amounted to 4210 meters.

For accurate shooting, the SVLK-14S “Twilight” rifle was used, specially designed for the maximum possible range of an accurate shot. According to Ryabinsky, the bullet covered a distance of 4210 meters in 13 seconds. For targeted shooting at such a distance, experts took into account many factors, including wind, Atmosphere pressure, derivation, temperature and rotation of the Earth.

Derivation is the deflection of a rotating bullet after a shot. The deflection occurs perpendicular to the plane of the oncoming air flow. The displacement of the bullet coincides with the direction of the rifling of the barrel of the weapon from which it was fired. For the SVD sniper rifle, the deflection is up to 60 centimeters when shooting at a target at a distance of one kilometer.

Many modern sights for small arms derivation is taken into account constructively. In particular, the PSO-1 for SVD is specially mounted so that after the shot the bullet goes slightly to the left. In artillery, this phenomenon is either included in the firing tables, or is also taken into account constructively.

The SVLK-14S sniper rifle is available in three calibers: .408 Chey Tac (10.36 x 77 mm), .338 Lapua Magnum (8.6 x 70 mm) and .300 Winchester Magnum (7.62 x 67 mm). A .408 caliber weapon was used to shoot at a record distance. Shooting was carried out at a target one meter wide and one meter high.

The length of the rifle is 1430 millimeters with a barrel length of 900 millimeters. The rifle is equipped with a longitudinally sliding bolt. The mass of SVLK-14S is 9.6 kilograms. The accuracy of fire from a rifle is 0.3 arc minutes.

The previous world record for accurate shot range was set by the American M300 sniper rifle. It was 4157 meters. Meanwhile, in June 2017, a Canadian sniper set the record for a confirmed successful accurate shot made in combat conditions. Using a 12.7 mm TAC-50 rifle, a Canadian in Iraq killed a militant at a distance of 3540 meters.

Correction: Initially, the news stated that the SVLK-14S sniper rifle is equipped with a five-round magazine. In fact, another rifle of this family, the SVLK-14M, is equipped with such a magazine. The SVLK-14S was deliberately left single-shot by the developers to maintain maximum accuracy and firing range. We apologize to the readers.

Vasily Sychev