An imaginary trip to a national park. Sochi National Park: structure. Climate, relief and general information of Sochi National Park

Sochi national park- This amazing place, with beautiful nature. Those who are in Sochi and near it should definitely visit this amazing place, because here you can admire the Agursky waterfall or the Volkonsky gorge. Coming here you can feel yourself in wildlife, really, you don’t have to be afraid that you will be attacked wild boars or bears.

By the way, this fact is very pleasing. On the territory of the park itself there are a huge number of rivers that turn into waterfalls, both large and very modest in size.

It is also important to pay attention to the flora of Sochi Park. Well, that's where else you'll see large cluster beech trees, each of which reaches 50 meters in height.

What is also interesting is that massive oak trees grow on the slopes of the mountains and sometimes it seems as if they are falling into the abyss. But the massive roots of these trees keep them in the soil.

By the way, moss grows there. Lots of moss. Therefore, the surface of the earth there is soft, like a blanket, which creates a kind of fabulous impression from visiting this place.

Walking there, there is a high probability of stumbling upon a Byzantine temple, or rather its ruins. Of course, little remains of it, because it was built back in the 12th century. But just imagine, you will have the opportunity to touch history, the stones that were laid there many centuries ago. This trip is definitely worth it.

At the same time, near the Volkonsky Gorge there is a small waterfall, at the foot of which a lake has formed. As they say, these waters are healing. And it’s worth taking at least one sip of them to give strength to the body.

Of course, not everyone believes in this, but the water there is really clean, so you can safely drink without fear of harming your body.

It is worth noting that the park staff took a very painstaking approach to protecting its nature. Thus, on its territory there are 15 forest districts, each of which breeds individual plant species.

The level of contamination of soil and water bodies is constantly monitored. The most important thing is that it is in this park that a system for restoring the leopard population has been developed. There are very few of them left in the wild, so staff took up the issue.

They constantly monitor all individuals of this species and, if necessary, intervene, but not often, so that leopards can lead their “wild” lifestyle.

It is important that the main goal of Sochi Park is to preserve the natural appearance of the animal and flora Black Sea coast.

Studying the world, 4th grade will now be able to make their imaginary journey to the Sochi National Park and answer the questions: What interesting things can you see there? What employees national park do they do to protect the nature of the Black Sea coast?

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In 1870 it was organized Sochi forestry. Initially, it included the lands of the Sochi and, to some extent, Velyaminovsky departments, in the Black Sea district. If we talk about administrative side, the Sochi forestry was subordinate to the Department of State Property in the city of Yekaterinodar.

The forestry included management and nine state-owned dachas: Muravyovskaya, Golovinskaya, Tsarskaya, Adlerskaya, Lazarevskaya, Kubanskaya, Aleksandrovskaya, Velyaminovskaya and Makopsinskaya.

By the beginning of the 20th century, the forestry included only five dachas: Kubanskaya, Adlerskaya, Muravyovskaya, Tsarskaya and Golovinskaya. Their total area was 152,379 acres. The size of the convenient forest area was equal to 133,256 acres.

In 1915, due to the transition to private ownership and economic development of the coast, the territories served by the forestry decreased - from now on they amounted to 114,745 acres. The main goals of the forestry included the following: land surveying, as well as their description, leasing and sale.

In addition to the above-mentioned functions, the forestry was involved in organizing various measures to protect the forest, selling forests and logging, issuing permits for trapping animals and birds, hunting, and supervised the organization of settlements and colonization of the entire coast.

In 1983, by Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR dated May 5, 1983 No. 2146, the Sochi State Natural National Steam To. The main task park was as follows: preserve and restore natural complexes, having special historical, economic, aesthetic value and use them for scientific, recreational, cultural and educational purposes.

By Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 9, 1995 No. 990, as well as by order general director Sochi State Natural National Park dated November 15, 1995 No. 158, the park was renamed to.

Climate, relief and general information of Sochi National Park

Total within territorial limits Sochi Park About 40 streams and rivers flow through the area, the longest among them being Shakhe, Psou, Mzymta. There are a considerable number of canyons and waterfalls on streams and rivers: Orekhovsky waterfall is located on the right tributary of the Sochi River, at the confluence of the Bezumenki stream and Bezymianny - on the Psou River. In the park you can see interesting karst formations: the famous Akhunsky and Vorontsovsky caves.

The park is dominated by subtropical climate, which is characterized by hot summers and mild warm winter. average temperature air depends on altitude and will change as you move from north to south. On the northern part of the coast, the average daily temperature in January is about +5ºС, and in July reaches +23ºС. At the Circassian Pass, the height of which is equal to 2000 meters - -5ºС and +12ºС.

Sochi National Park and its vegetation

Like the entire Caucasus, this territory is rich in valuable and very rare species. IN Red Data Book of the Russian Federation included Caucasian lily, Anakamptis pyramidalis, Caucasian candyk, Ophrys aquiferous, Lipsky tulip, common fig, as well as various types of orchids such as purple orchis and many others.

Sochi National Park and its fauna

Typical inhabitants of the forest belt are brown bear, roe deer, wolf, wild boar, wildcat, fox, squirrel, brown hare, marten, badger, lynx. The most valuable and rare species included in the International Red Book, among them: the Caucasian viper, the Aesculapian snake, and the Caucasian cross.

To the main goals that it is designed to fulfill , include the following:

1. Preserve natural complexes, unique and reference ones natural areas and objects.
2. Keep valuable objects history and culture.
3. Environmentally educate the population.
4. Create conditions for healthy recreation in natural natural conditions, as well as for regulated tourism.
5. Develop and implement scientific methods, which will contribute to the conservation unique complexes nature in conditions recreational use.
6. Carry out environmental monitoring.
7. Restore damaged natural, as well as cultural and historical complexes and objects.
8. To develop scientific, technical, information and cultural cooperation with protected areas of Russia, with foreign countries, other enterprises, institutions and organizations in accordance with the tasks and goals of the national park.
9. Protect, protect and reproduce forests, guided by the principles of preserving the biological diversity of forest ecosystems, sustainable forest management, increasing the resource and environmental potential of the forests of the Sochi National Park.

Sochi is the second oldest park Russian Federation. It is located near the resort city of Sochi. Its area is almost 200 thousand hectares. There is a river flowing through the park that has long been noticed by rafting enthusiasts from all over the world. And the diverse landscape, many species of exotic animals and unforgettable views made it the pearl of this region.

Creation of the park

The history of the park dates back to 1983. The main purpose of creating this reserve was to preserve the unique flora and fauna of the Greater Caucasus. Thanks to the joint efforts of scientists various areas It was possible not only to preserve the region, which has high ecological and recreational value, but also to restore many destroyed natural sites. An important role is also played by the park staff, who are constantly opening new museum exhibitions that operate on the territory of the forestry areas.

Sochi National Park is not only a monument to a unique landscape. Its employees have laid out comfortable forest paths and bridges along which park guests can stroll. In addition, almost fifty natural objects were open to guests, which surprise with their pristine beauty. These include unique caves, waterfalls and canyons, and most importantly, enchanting forested areas with picturesque landscapes.

Park landscape

A special feature is the abundance of rivers and streams, which create a huge number of canyons and waterfalls. The park is also famous for its unique caves, such as Vorontsovsky and Akhunsky. In addition, there are unique waterfalls on the territory, the beauty of which thousands of tourists come to see every year.

IN Sochi park There are also such important geological monuments as underground rivers, limestone massifs with deep caves, as well as unique karst cavities.

Plants of the park

The beech forests here are up to 50 meters high. In addition, a quarter of all the trees in the reserve are oaks, which grow on the slopes of the mountains. In addition, only in this park can you find a unique European chestnut, which is a relict species. And the thick moss gives the landscapes the enchanting appearance of a magical forest.

The most favorite place for tourists is the Riviera Park, which is covered with unique types of flowers, greenery and rare species of trees. The park in Sochi has a huge number of rare species of roses, from which the reserve’s craftsmen create a new beautiful composition every year.

In summer, the park provides an opportunity for vacationers to hide from the scorching sun in the shade of tall chestnut and pine trees. And in winter you can enjoy the aroma of blooming magnolias and fragrant pine needles. Magnolia blooms in late autumn or even early winter. Moreover, even snow will not interfere with this. The flowers are very fragrant, primarily because in Sochi high humidity, which promotes the spread of aroma.

Animal world

Sochi National Park is a unique place for ecotourism, due to the presence on the territory of a huge number of unique biological species. Many species of animals that can be found in the Sochi nature reserve are listed in the Red Book.

More than 120 species of birds live on the territory of the reserve, some of which cannot be found almost anywhere else. If we talk about animals, there are almost 80 different species in the park. Among them we should highlight the deer, brown bear, otter, European roe deer, marten and many others, which are practically never found in the forests of our homeland.

In addition, the rivers that Sochi National Park is rich in are abundant with rare species of fish. In addition, you can meet rare species of reptiles (there are almost 20 of them in the park).

Thanks to the collective work of employees, information about who lives here is actively disseminated. Volunteers are constantly involved in the work to disseminate information (including online).

Relaxation in the park

Every year ecotourism is only gaining popularity. Nowadays, it is fashionable and prestigious to engage in active recreation, stay overnight in tents, and also visit national reserves and parks. Sochi National Park has become a favorite place for tourists from Russia and other countries. Its map allows you to perfectly plan your route. And the huge areas capture the tourist’s spirit with their magnificent reliefs, unique flora and fauna.

You can visit the park as part of an excursion, or on your own. For extreme tourists, rafting along mountain rivers, horseback riding along the slopes is offered. More relaxed travelers can visit one of the excursion routes suggested by the guide, just take a walk with the family and relax in the cool of the dense forest.

“Sochi National Park” - all tourists who traveled to natural objects in the Greater Sochi area. Many of us are perplexed: “What national park? What a special feature." So here it is

1. Sochi State Natural National Park appeared in 1983 and was practically the first national park in Russia. Long before this, since 1870, the Sochi forestry existed. It included the Sochi and partially Velyaminovskoe (now Tuapse district) departments of the Black Sea District. The forestry was engaged in collecting and planting seeds, issuing permits for hunting, catching birds and animals, and was engaged in logging and sale of timber.

By 1915, the area of ​​the Sochi forestry was 114,745 acres.

2. In November 1995 Sochi State Natural National Park was renamed Sochi National Park.

3. The area of ​​the park is 93,000 hectares - there are mountains and a narrow strip of foothills.

4. The park includes 15 forest districts, the Arboretum and Southern Cultures parks, the leopard reintroduction center and the Azovsky reserve.

5. About 40 rivers flow, 103 waterfalls roar.

6. Grows - 1500 native species higher plants, and only 164 species are classified as trees, shrubs, subshrubs and lianas, and all the rest are classified as herbaceous plants.

7. 51 plant species are listed in the Red Book of Russia. The most famous of them are 2 types of snowdrops, yew berry, Colchis boxwood, and Caucasian lily.

8. There are 80 species of mammals, about 120 species of birds, 17 species of reptiles, 9 species of amphibians, 21 species of fish.

9. To the Red Book International Union 15 species of animals have been included in the Nature Conservancy, including the leopard and the Caucasian viper.

10. There are a significant number of karst massifs in the park, with about 200 caves. The most famous are the Vorontsovskaya and Nazarovskaya caves.

11. 114 historical and cultural monuments were found - these are sites of ancient people, settlements, dolmen structures, well-shaped tombs, remains of fortresses, temples, burial mounds, and a sacrificial stone.

12. The entire territory of the national park is divided into 5 zones. The largest zone of regulated recreational use is 86,683 hectares, which is 44.7% of the entire territory. The smallest is the economic zone - 3453 hectares (1.8%). But the zone, which is called the visitor service area, totals 13,031 hectares (6.7%).

13. There are no industrial activities taking place on the territory of the national park.

14. All tourists are required to pay a fee for entering the park.

15. In March 2018, the protected areas were to be united into a new structure - the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Reserved Caucasus" ("United Directorate of the Caucasus biosphere reserve and Sochi National Park").

Now we can say with confidence that the Sochi National Park is not an invention of bureaucrats. This is a unique territory that needs to be preserved for posterity.

This is interesting

A visit to the Sochi National Park is an excellent option for those who do not intend to spend their entire vacation by the sea. On the one hand, this is also communication with wildlife, on the other hand, it is a variety of active recreation from walking or horseback riding to rock climbing. Today in our review we will tell you about the main attractions of the park, what to look for, what is definitely worth seeing, how to get there, where to start. You can visit Sochi National Park either independently or with a tour. Which option is more convenient for you is up to you to decide; it depends on your individual characteristics and wishes. During our review, we will tell you how to independent ways get there, and about interesting excursions that are held in these places.

Sochi National Park: structure

Sochi National Park is one of the first national parks on Russian territory. The park extends from the borders of the Tuapse region to the borders of Abkhazia, there is a place tropical forests, snow-capped peaks, rivers, waterfalls, canyons and gorges, caves and historical monuments. The territory of Sochi National Park consists of 3 large groups- Lazarevskaya, Central and Adlerskaya, which in turn are divided into 15 forest districts. Throughout most of the park there are tourist routes, following which you can visit the main attractions of the place.

Sochi National Park: attractions

Sochi National Park consists of many natural and man-made attractions; we will tell you about some of them that are most popular among tourists and travelers.

Mount Akhun is located in the Khostinsky district of Sochi, and is very popular among tourists thanks to the observation tower and observation deck located on the top of Mount Bolshoi Akhun (height just over 600 m). The observation tower on the mountain was built at the beginning of the 20th century and is made in the Romanesque style. IN good weather It offers stunning views all the way to Pitsunda. During the “high” season there are always a lot of tourists here; this is one of the most popular places in the Sochi National Park.

You can get there on your own to the Maly Akhun stop. Buses and minibuses go here from Adler and Central Sochi (105, 105с, 124с, 125, 125п, 125с). Next, walk along the standard ascent route. You can get there by car along the A-147 highway. But the most common option among tourists is organized bus excursions. An excursion to Mount Akhun is extremely common due to the popularity of the place, so you can book it at almost every local tourist office.

If you prefer to take care of excursions in advance, then similar excursions in this direction are offered. The advantage of these services is that any excursion can be selected and paid for online.

Sputnik8 offers a 5-hour excursion, the excursion includes guides and tourist bus, the schedule of excursions and their cost can be found on the description page.

Tripster's private guide offers an excursion that includes a tour of the Agur waterfalls, Eagle Rocks and Mount Akhun. The tour is walking and individual. Duration – 4 hours.

Eagle Rocks

Eagle rocks are also located in the Khostinsky district of Sochi and stretch along the right bank of the Agura River near the Agur waterfalls. The shape of the rocks resembles an eagle’s head, they consist of limestone and sandstone, which is why the mountains received their second name “White Rocks”. The rocks are famous for their sheer cliffs and panoramic platforms, which offer views of the mountain peaks Caucasus Mountains(including the famous Sugar Loaf, Pseashkho, Chugush, etc.).

You can get to the rocks on your own. The route will look something like this: first you need to take a bus to the “Green Grove” or “Staraya Matsesta” stop, then walk to the main entrance (the walk will be uphill, lasting approximately 20-40 minutes, depending on your physical capabilities) . You can also cover this distance by car; there is a parking lot at the main entrance. Entrance to the territory is paid.

Tripster's private guide offers a personalized tour of the route. The excursion is walking (about 6 km), lasts from 4 to 5 hours, the price includes transfer from Adler, Central Sochi or Khosta.

Mount Fisht

Psaho Canyon

The Psakho canyons were formed near the river of the same name, and now the so-called “Psakho trail” operates here, which is considered one of the most picturesque among trekkers. Psaho canyons are divided into “wet” and “dry”. The “wet” canyon was formed by the stormy Psakho River, which either rapidly narrows or expands no less rapidly, forming seething streams and quiet calm backwaters. The “wet” canyon stretches for about 2 km. Along the route there are karst caves, waterfalls and natural pools.

The “dry” route lies nearby. It was formed during an earthquake, and since then there has been a deep canyon with grottoes in which stalactites are hidden. Both canyons are overgrown with boxwood, and in some places with dense tropical vines.

Getting here on your own is not easy. First you need to take bus number 131 to the village of Galitsino, then walk to the village of Lesnoye, to the left of which the Psakho trail starts.

Practical and eventful travels to you!