09.03.2020
Presentation on the topic “Flora world of Russia. Presentation on the topic “Flora world of Russia Download presentation flora world
PLANT WORLD OF RUSSIA
TARGET: form an idea of the flora of Russia.
TASKS:
- EDUCATIONAL
To introduce students to the main types of vegetation and the reasons for the diversity of plant communities.
- DEVELOPING
Develop skills to work with additional material, textbook, vegetation map.
- EDUCATIONAL
Education of environmental consciousness, careful attitude to the plant world.
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Geography lesson in 8th grade Teacher: Shvetsova V. A. PLANT WORLD OF RUSSIA
GOAL: get acquainted with the diversity of the flora of Russia. OBJECTIVES: 1. Find out the reasons for the diversity of the flora of Russia. 2. Determine morphological and physiological signs adaptability of plants to their environment. 3. Determine the significance of vegetation in nature and for humans.
VEGETATION “THE FACE OF THE LANDSCAPE” SOIL FORMATION FOOD FOR ANIMALS AND HUMANS SUPPORTING GROUNDWATER LEVEL RAW MATERIALS FOR INDUSTRY FORMATION OF THE GAS COMPOSITION OF THE ATMOSPHERE VEGETATION IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF NATURE
TYPES OF PLANT COMMUNITIES Map 1. Typical representatives of the flora of Russia
Tundra is a region without trees, dominated by violent winds
Dryad Cloudberry Saxifraga Blueberry Resin moss TUNDRA PLANTS
TYPES OF PLANT COMMUNITIES PLANT COMMUNITY CONDITIONS OF FORMATION TYPICAL PLANTS ADAPTABILITY TO ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 1. Tundra 2. Forest 3. Steppe 4. Desert
Broad-leaved forest Larch forest Mixed forest
FOREST PLANTS Oak leaves Club moss Lungwort Anemone ranunculus Oxalis
Blooming steppe along the banks of the Manych Stavropol steppe
Bieberstein's Tulip Schrenk's Tulip Baykaragan Volzhsky PLANTS OF THE STEPPE Fescue Feather grass
There is life in the desert. Special, amazing. Life on the sand...
Broomrape Saxaul Wormwood DESERT PLANTS Juzgun branch with fruit Soleros Swollen sedge
TYPES OF PLANT COMMUNITIES PLANT COMMUNITY CONDITIONS OF FORMATION TYPICAL PLANTS ADAPTABILITY TO ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 1. Tundra Little heat, short cool growing season, permafrost, winds. Mosses, lichens, cloudberries, dwarf birch, willow. Roots in the surface layer of soil, creeping, cushion-shaped, small leaves, low growing, perennials. 2. Forest Warm summers, winters from snowy, moderately cold to severe, excessive moisture, permafrost. Coniferous broad-leaved and small-leaved tree species. Trees shed their leaves, larch sheds its needles for the winter, its roots are in the surface layer of soil. 3. Steppe Cold winter, warm summer, insufficient hydration. Fescue, fescue, thyme, wormwood, tulips. Narrow, pubescent leaves, powerful root system. 4. Desert Hot summer, moderate Cold winter, poor hydration. Saxaul, wormwood, broomrape, sedge, juzgun. Long or branched roots, modified leaves.
An azonal type of vegetation is a type of vegetation that does not form a continuous cover within the flat part of a natural zone (for example: plants of meadows, swamps, woody forms of plants in floodplains of treeless natural zones). TYPES OF VEGETATION Zonal type of vegetation is a type of vegetation that forms a continuous cover within the flat part of a natural zone (for example: forest, steppe type of vegetation).
Why do different plants grow within the same state - Russia?
FACTORS AFFECTING THE DIVERSITY OF THE PLANT WORLD OF RUSSIA geographical position; climatic conditions territory (heat and moisture); relief and composition of surface sediments; depth of groundwater; soil characteristics; human activity.
Consolidation of the studied material. Cushion-shaped, curved tree trunk, small leaves. What natural zone are the listed plant adaptations typical for? Find an extra plant and highlight it. Pine, oak, birch, saxaul. Find the pair (connect the pair with an arrow). Tundra Spruce Steppe Moss moss Forest Feather grass Finish the sentence. The decisive factor that influences the formation and distribution of zonal types of vegetation is ___________________. Fill in the blanks. The absence of trees in the steppe is explained by insufficient _______________, and in the tundra by a lack of __________________.
Homework. 1. Paragraph 18, p. 100 – 104; 2. Oral answer to the following question: Pay attention to the picture. “When we enter the forest, we can see mushrooms under the trees: under the birches there are boletuses, under the aspens there are boletuses. This is a special type of relationship between organisms – symbiosis. But there are mushrooms in nature just below the trees. Explain where this phenomenon can be observed, and what is its reason?”
Slide 1
Arctic deserts “Land of ice and darkness” (F. Nansen) Back “Arctic” is translated as bear. The natural area is located beyond the Arctic Circle. Hurricane winds, polar days and nights, low temperatures, do natural area unsuitable for the habitat of many plants.Slide 2
Tundra Tundra comes from the word “tunturi”, which translated from the Sami language means “hills” - low peaks that are not covered with forest.
Slide 3
Taiga is called Taiga coniferous forests, common south of the tundra. These forests run in a continuous strip from western borders Russia to Eastern Siberia, occupying most of the forest zone.
Slide 4
Arctic deserts Vegetation does not form a continuous cover. Individual patches of lichens and individual plant stems are replaced by bare areas. Zone arctic deserts occupies insignificant patches of rocky land, which are briefly freed from under the snow on the islands and on the mainland (it is only a narrow border adjacent to the outskirts of the tundra in the north of Taimyr).
Slide 5
Tundra Tundra plants have adapted to short summer, proximity to permafrost and swampy soils. All plants are low-growing, many of them creep along the ground, almost all plants have small, pubescent, “felt” leaves. Many plants in the tundra overwinter green and under snow! IN short months In summer, the tundra turns into a flower and berry garden. It is replete with bright corollas of petals, beads of lingonberries, cranberries, and cloudberries glow with lights, and bluish blueberries turn blue.
Slide 6
Taiga In the area where the taiga is distributed, the climate is warmer than in the tundra. In the European part of the country, the taiga is formed mostly by spruce and common pine. Western Siberia there are fir, pine, spruce. Eastern Siberia consists of larch and pine. On Far East There are coniferous-deciduous forests.
Slide 8
Mixed forests “...and here in the mixed zone, the gloominess of the spruce is softened by the broad-leaved oak, the knottyness of the oak is smoothed out by the softness of the needles... A soft, gentle forest. A spruce tree grows next to an oak tree, a pine tree with a tousled top soared over the forest like a copper-trunked column, a Norway maple and a round linden tree appeared, an ash tree waved its feathery leaves, an aspen tree fluttered..." N. Mikhailov
Slide 9
Broadleaf forests Broad-leaved forests occupy a narrow strip between mixed forests and forest-steppe on the Russian Plain, are found in the Far East. In the zone of sufficient moisture, on brown forest soils, there is a zone of broad-leaved forests.
Slide 10
Broad-leaved forests Prominent representatives of the broad-leaved species zone are heat-loving and deciduous species: oak, beech, maple, hornbeam, linden... Broad-leaved forests are distinguished by a wealth of species of trees and shrubs. Broad-leaved trees have a fairly large leaf blade. Such a leaf evaporates a lot of water.
Slide 11
Steppes Steppes are treeless spaces of the temperate and subtropical zones, covered with herbaceous vegetation on chernozem and chestnut soils. In Russia, steppes are located in the south of the European part of Russia, on the West Siberian Plain and in places in the mountain belt of Southern Siberia.
Slide 12
Steppes Treeless areas covered with grassy vegetation. The most striking representatives are feather grass, fescue, and flowering plants - tulips, irises, sage, and sweet clover.
Slide 13
Deserts and semi-deserts This zone is characterized by extreme aridity and continental climate, saline soils and sparse vegetation cover. In Russia, this zone is located in the Caspian region and Eastern Ciscaucasia.
Slide 14
Deserts and semi-deserts Deserts are common in those areas where the climate is even drier and hotter than in the steppes. The vegetation does not form a continuous cover. Plants are well adapted to drought and salty and sandy soils. Prominent representatives– camel thorn, saxaul, wormwood, solyanka.
Plant community
Formation conditions
Typical plants
Adaptation to environmental conditions
Little heat, short cool growing season, permafrost, winds.
Mosses, lichens, cloudberries, dwarf birch, willow.
Roots in the surface layer of soil, creeping, cushion-shaped, small leaves, low growing, perennials.
Warm summers, winters from snowy, moderately cold to severe, excessive moisture, permafrost.
Coniferous broad-leaved and small-leaved tree species.
Trees shed their leaves, larch sheds its needles for the winter, its roots are in the surface layer of soil.
Cold winter, warm summer, insufficient moisture.
Fescue, fescue, thyme, wormwood, tulips.
Narrow, pubescent leaves, powerful root system.
4. Desert
Hot summer, moderately cold winter, poor moisture.
Saxaul, wormwood, broomrape, sedge, juzgun.
Long or branched roots, modified leaves.
