Presentation on the topic "International organizations of the 21st century. Presentation on geography "international organizations" Modern international organizations presentation

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS Parkhomets I.Yu., Geography teacher, Lugansk

UN (UNITED NATIONS)

General Secretary: Ban Ki-moon January 1, 2007 Ban Ki-moon of the Republic Korea was elected as the eighth General Secretary of the United Nations and took up this post with 37 years behind him. summer experience as part of government and in the international arena

Headquarters – Apartment:

Headquarters

UN in New York, where

representatives gather

192 countries to produce

consensus on global

problems.

Briefly about the UN:

• The number of UN member states is 192.
• Date of creation of the UN: October 24, 1945.
• As of 30 June 2010, Secretariat staff in total is about 44 thousand employees.
• Number of current peacekeeping operations: 16.
• Official languages: English, Arabic, Spanish, Chinese, Russian, French.
• The first memorable date declared by the General

The UN Assembly is United Nations Day - October 24, 1947 (anniversary of the entry into force of the charter and adoption of the flag)

General Secretary: Thorbjorn Jagland - former prime minister minister and speaker of parliament Norway. He also holds the post Chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Prize committee.

Headquarters – Apartment:

• France,
• Strasbourg.

Creation: 1949 The Council of Europe was created in the wake of calls for unification of Europe and building a kind of “United States of Europe" after World War II. One of Winston is considered the most active supporter of this idea Churchill. There are currently 48 states in the Council of Europe.

Goals:

a) The aim of the Council of Europe is to achieve more

close union between its members for the protection and advancement

ideals and principles which are their common heritage, and

promote their economic and social progress.

b) This goal will be pursued through the authorities

Council by considering issues of common interest

interest, concluding agreements, conducting joint

actions in economic, social, cultural, scientific,

legal and administrative fields, as well as through

protection and development of human rights and fundamental freedoms.

NATO (North Atlantic Organization) Agreement)

General Secretary: Anders Fogh Rasmussen - Danish politician, general since 2009 NATO Secretary. In 2001-2009 was head of the Danish government

Headquarters – Apartment:

Brussels, Belgium

Briefly about NATO: the world's largest military-political bloc, uniting most European countries, the USA and Canada. Appeared on April 4, 1949 in the USA. Then the states The USA, Canada, Iceland, Great Britain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Denmark, Italy and Portugal became NATO members. NATO currently consists of 28 states

Goals:

The current Strategic Framework, published in 1999,

defines NATO's primary objectives as follows:

- act as the basis for stability in the Euro-Atlantic region;

- serve as a forum for consultation on security issues;

- to deter and protect against any threat of aggression

against any NATO member state;

- contribute to effective conflict prevention and

actively participate in crisis management;

- promote the development of comprehensive partnerships,

cooperation and dialogue with other countries of the Euro-Atlantic region.

General Secretary: Secretary General of the Council European Union (EU), supreme EU Representative for External Affairs politics and security Javier Solana.

Political centers:

• Brussels,
• Luxembourg,
• Strasbourg.

Motto:

In varietate concordia

(Consent in Diversity)

EU - economic and political unification of 27 European states. Aimed at regional integration, the Union was legally established by the Maastricht Treaty in 1993 on the principles of the European Communities.

General Secretary: Secretary General Organizations economic cooperation and development (OECD) - Angel Gurría .

Headquarters – Apartment:

Chateau de la Muette,

France.

OECD objectives

The OECD carries out extensive analytical work,

platform for organizing multilateral negotiations on economic issues.

A significant portion of the OECD's activities is related to

combating money laundering, tax evasion, corruption and bribery. With the participation of the OECD, some

mechanisms designed to put an end to the practice of creating so-called “tax oases” by a number of states.

OSCE Security Organization and Cooperation in Europe

General Secretary: OSCE Secretary General Marc Perrin de Brichambaut

Headquarters – Apartment:

Vienna, Austria

OSCE (eng. OSCE, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe) - Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, the largest in the world regional organization dealing with issues security. It unites 56 countries located in North America, Europe and Central Asia. Former name - “Meeting on Security and Cooperation in Europe" (CSCE) Conference for Security and Cooperation in Europe - CSCE).

"Meeting on Security and

cooperation in Europe" was convened at

initiative of the USSR and socialist

states of Europe as always

current international forum

representatives of 33 European states, and

also the USA and Canada to develop measures

reducing military confrontation and

strengthening security in Europe.

Goals of the OSCE

Basic means of ensuring security and solving the main tasks of the organization:

• “First basket”, or political-military dimension:

arms proliferation control;

diplomatic efforts to prevent conflicts;

measures to build trust and security;

• “Second basket”, or economic and environmental dimension:

economic and environmental safety.

• "Third Basket", or human dimension:

protection of human rights;

development of democratic institutions;

election monitoring;

• The organization's staff is about 370 people employed in the governing bodies of the organization, as well as about 3,500 employees working in field missions.

CEO: Pascal Lamy (8 April 1947) head ( CEO) WTO since 2005.

Headquarters – Apartment:

Geneva, Switzerland

• Dark Green: Founders of the WTO (January 1, 1995)
• Light green: Subsequent members

153 member states

Objectives and principles of the WTO:

The purpose of the WTO is not to achieve any goals or results, but

establishment general principles international trade. The work of the WTO, like the GATT before it, is based on basic principles, including:

Equal rights

All WTO members are required to provide most favored nation trade (NBT) treatment to all other members.

The NBT regime means that preferences granted to one of the

members of the WTO automatically apply to all other members

organizations.

Reciprocity

All concessions in easing bilateral trade restrictions must be reciprocal.

Transparency

. WTO members must fully publish their trade

rules and have authorities responsible for providing information

other WTO members.

Member states of the Eurasian economic union are the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, Russian Federation and since May 14, 2015 Kyrgyzstan. The EAEU was created for the purpose of comprehensive modernization, cooperation and increasing the competitiveness of national economies and creating conditions for sustainable development in the interests of improving the living standards of the population of the Member States.

Economic and political

centers:

• Almaty
• Astana
• Yerevan
• Minsk
• Moscow
• Bishkek

International organizations Geography lesson 10 (profile) class Municipal educational institution secondary school No. 4 of the village of N. Aleksandrovka Teacher: Shapovalova M.V.

Slide 2

UN The United Nations was created on October 24, 1945 by 51 countries in order to maintain peace, develop international cooperation, and ensure collective security. In 2007, the UN included 192 independent states

Slide 3

Main goals of the UN When joining the UN, a state assumes the obligations set out in the Charter, which reflects the principles of international relations and the main goals of the UN: to maintain international peace and security; develop friendly relations between nations; carry out international cooperation in resolving international problems; promote respect for human rights and

Slide 4

The United Nations is not a world government and does not make laws, but it has powerful levers for resolving political conflicts: troops, financial resources generated through contributions from member countries. According to the UN Charter, member countries that are in arrears in the payment of monetary contributions are deprived of the right to vote in the General Assembly. UN Headquarters in New York (USA)

Slide 5

The main organs of the UN are the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court.

Slide 6

General Assembly All members of the UN are represented in it, each state has one vote. Solutions for important issues, such as maintaining international peace and security, the admission of new members or the approval of the UN budget, including the budgets of peacekeeping operations, are adopted by a majority of ⅔ votes. Decisions on other issues are made by a simple majority of votes. The Assembly's recommendations are a reflection of world public opinion.

Slide 7

The Security Council is responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security and can be convened at any time when a threat to the peace arises. The Council consists of 15 members. Five of them - China, the Russian Federation, Great Britain, the USA and France - are permanent members. The remaining 10 members of the Council are elected by the General Assembly for two years according to regional quotas - five seats for Asia and Africa, one for of Eastern Europe, two - for Latin America, two - for Western Europe. Council decisions are considered adopted when nine of its members vote for them. However, a decision cannot be made if even one of the permanent members votes against, i.e. uses his veto power. Council decisions are binding on all member states.

Slide 8

The Economic and Social Council coordinates the activities of the UN and its agencies in the economic and social fields, in the field international cooperation. The five regional commissions promote economic development and strengthen economic relations in their regions.

Slide 9

The Trusteeship Council was created to provide international oversight of 11 trust territories administered by seven member states. By 1995, all trust territories had achieved self-government or independence, either as independent states or by joining neighboring ones. independent states. The work of the Council has now been largely completed; it is planned to transform the Trusteeship Council into a forum for protection environment planets.

Slide 10

International Court. The Court is the main judicial organ of the UN and deals with the settlement of disputes between states. The Secretariat conducts operational and administrative work UN as directed General Assembly, Security Council and other bodies. It is headed by the Secretary General, who recruits the staff necessary for the operation of the Organization and provides general administrative direction. In 2007, the Secretariat consisted of nine departments and a number of directorates, employing 8,700 people from almost 160 countries.

Slide 11

UN structure. Where are the main UN agencies located?

Slide 12

OTHER INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

Slide 13

North Atlantic Treaty Organization - NATO Was created in 1949 to counter the threat of communism By 2008, 26 states became NATO members: In 1999, three new members joined NATO - Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary. In 2004, there were seven Eastern European countries in NATO: Slovenia, Slovakia, Romania, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia. The headquarters of the governing bodies is located in Brussels (Belgium).

Slide 14

Council for Mutual Economic Assistance - CMEA organization economic cooperation socialist countries, which existed in 1949-1991. Member countries: Albania (has not participated in the work of the organization since 1961, after the severance of relations with the USSR), Bulgaria, Vietnam, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, USSR. The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia had associate member status; The status of observers was given to the so-called socialist-oriented countries - Afghanistan, Angola, Ethiopia, Laos, Mozambique, Nicaragua, Yemen.

Slide 15

ANZUS (Australia-New Zealand United States Security Treaty - ANZUS) military-political bloc of the USA, Australia and New Zealand (referred to by the first letters of the names of the participating countries: Australia, New Zealand, United States). The “Security Treaty”, which laid the foundation for the activities of ANZUS, was signed in 1951 for an indefinite period (valid since 1952). Since 1986, the activities of the union have been reduced to annual meetings between Australia and the USA).

Slide 16

Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe - OSCE The predecessor of the OSCE was the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, Final Act of which - a long-term program for the development of the process of detente and cooperation in Europe - was signed in 1975 in Helsinki (Finland) by the heads of state and government of 33 countries of Western Europe, as well as the USA and Canada. A new period in the activities of the OSCE began with the Paris Charter for New Europe, signed in 1990 and the decision of the Budapest meeting in 1994. OSCE participants in 2008 - 56 states of Europe, Asia and America

Slide 1

International organizations

Geography lesson 10 (profile) class Municipal educational institution secondary school No. 4 of the village of N. Aleksandrovka Teacher: Shapovalova M.V.

Slide 2

The United Nations was created on October 24, 1945 by 51 countries in order to preserve peace, develop international cooperation, and ensure collective security. In 2007, the UN included 192 independent states

Slide 3

Main goals of the UN

Upon joining the UN, a state assumes the obligations set out in the Charter, which reflects the principles international relations and the main goals of the UN:

maintain international peace and security; develop friendly relations between nations; carry out international cooperation in resolving international problems; to promote respect for human rights and to be a center for harmonizing the actions of nations in achieving these common goals.

Slide 4

UN Headquarters in New York (USA)

The United Nations is not world government and does not pass laws, but has powerful levers for resolving political conflicts: troops, financial resources generated through contributions from participating countries. According to the UN Charter, member countries that are in arrears in the payment of monetary contributions are deprived of the right to vote in the General Assembly.

Slide 5

Main organs of the UN

General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice.

Slide 6

General Assembly

All members of the UN are represented in it, each state has one vote. Decisions on important issues, such as the maintenance of international peace and security, the admission of new members or the approval of the UN budget, including the budgets of peacekeeping operations, are made by a majority of ⅔ votes. Decisions on other issues are made by a simple majority of votes. The Assembly's recommendations are a reflection of world public opinion.

Slide 7

Security Council

is responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security and can be convened at any time when a threat to the peace arises. The Council consists of 15 members. Five of them - China, the Russian Federation, Great Britain, the USA and France - are permanent members. The remaining 10 members of the Council are elected by the General Assembly for two years according to regional quotas - five seats for Asia and Africa, one for Eastern Europe, two for Latin America, two for Western Europe. Council decisions are considered adopted when nine of its members vote for them. However, a decision cannot be made if even one of the permanent members votes against, i.e. uses his veto power. Council decisions are binding on all member states.

Slide 8

Economic and Social Council

coordinates the activities of the UN and its agencies in the economic and social fields, in the field of international cooperation. The five regional commissions promote economic development and strengthen economic relations in their regions.

Slide 9

Guardianship Council

was created to provide international monitoring of 11 trust territories administered by seven member states. By 1995, all trust territories had achieved self-government or independence, either as independent states or by joining neighboring independent states. The Council's work has now been largely completed; it is planned to transform the Trusteeship Council into a forum for protecting the planet's environment.

Slide 10

International Court.

The Court is the main judicial organ of the UN and deals with the settlement of disputes between states. The Secretariat conducts the operational and administrative work of the UN in accordance with the instructions of the General Assembly, the Security Council and other bodies. It is headed by the Secretary General, who recruits the staff necessary for the operation of the Organization and provides general administrative direction. In 2007, the Secretariat consisted of nine departments and a number of directorates, employing 8,700 people from almost 160 countries.

Slide 11

UN structure. Where are the main UN agencies located?

Slide 12

Other international organizations

Slide 13

North Atlantic Treaty Organization - NATO

It was created in 1949 as a counteraction to the threat of communism. By 2008, 26 states became NATO members: In 1999, three new members joined NATO - Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary. In 2004, there were seven Eastern European countries in NATO: Slovenia, Slovakia, Romania, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia. The headquarters of the governing bodies is located in Brussels (Belgium).

Slide 14

Council for Mutual Economic Assistance - CMEA

organization of economic cooperation of socialist countries, which existed in 1949-1991. Member countries: Albania (has not participated in the work of the organization since 1961, after the severance of relations with the USSR), Bulgaria, Vietnam, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, German Democratic Republic, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, USSR. The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia had associate member status; The status of observers was given to the so-called socialist-oriented countries - Afghanistan, Angola, Ethiopia, Laos, Mozambique, Nicaragua, Yemen.

Slide 15

ANZUS (Australia-New Zealand-United States Security Treaty - ANZUS)

military-political bloc of the USA, Australia and New Zealand (referred to by the first letters of the names of the participating countries: Australia, New Zealand, United States). The “Security Treaty”, which laid the foundation for the activities of ANZUS, was signed in 1951 for an indefinite period (valid since 1952). Since 1986, the activities of the union have been reduced to annual meetings between Australia and the USA).

Slide 16

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe - OSCE

The predecessor of the OSCE was the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, the Final Act of which - a long-term program for the development of the process of détente and cooperation in Europe - was signed in 1975 in Helsinki (Finland) by the heads of state and government of 33 countries of Western Europe, as well as the USA and Canada . A new period in the activities of the OSCE began with the Charter of Paris for a New Europe, signed in 1990 and the decision of the Budapest meeting in 1994. OSCE participants in 2008 - 56 states of Europe, Asia and America

Slide 17

Islamic Conference - OIC

was created in 1969 at the Conference of Heads of State and Government of Muslim Countries in Rabat (Morocco) with the aim of ensuring Islamic solidarity in the economic, social and political spheres, eliminating racism and colonialism, helping Muslim peoples in the struggle for independence and supporting the Palestine Liberation Organization. The OIC has 57 members: The headquarters of the General Secretariat is located in Jeddah ( Saudi Arabia).

Slide 18

Arab League - Arab League

formed in 1945 by seven Arab states of Asia and Africa - Egypt, Iraq, Yemen, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Transjordan. By 2008, the Arab League had 22 members, with its headquarters in Cairo.

Slide 19

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries - OPEC

created in 1960 to coordinate oil production policy. Member countries (13) - Algeria, Angola, Venezuela, Iraq, Iran, Indonesia, Qatar, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Ecuador.

Slide 20

Union of Independent States - CIS

formed in 1991 to coordinate cooperation and provide a mechanism for the civilized disintegration of the USSR. The CIS consists of 12 member countries, former republics of the USSR, located in Europe and Asia: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine. The headquarters is located in Minsk (Belarus).

Economic and political unification of 27 European states. Created Common Market guaranteeing the free movement of people, goods, capital and services, including the abolition passport control within the limits of a Schengen visa. A single currency (euro) was introduced. The association has the authority to participate in international relations. A common foreign policy and security policy.

An international intergovernmental organization created by oil-producing countries to stabilize oil prices. The organization includes 12 countries: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Qatar, Libya, United United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador, Angola.

Political, economic, cultural, regional intergovernmental organization of countries located in the South - East Asia. The direct constituent states are Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines, Brunei, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Cambodia. Goals: accelerating the economic, social and cultural development of member countries; establishing peace and stability in the region.

Organization for Education, Science and Culture. Main goals: promoting the strengthening of peace and security by expanding cooperation between states and peoples in the field of education, science and culture; ensuring justice and respect for the rule of law, universal respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. Has 195 member states.

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization is the world's largest military and political bloc, uniting most European countries, the USA and Canada. One of the declared goals of the organization is to ensure deterrence of any form of aggression against the territory of any member state or protection from it.

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