10.03.2020
Class hour "Day of the Steppe" class hour (3rd grade) on the topic. Scenario of the holiday for the implementation of the Kalmykia EDS “How beautiful is my steppe in April Events about the steppe
Event scenario
"Day of the Steppe"
Completed by: Goryaeva B.N. methodologist of MKOU DOD "Chernozemelsky DDT"
P. Komsomolsky, 2015
Scenario of the event “Day of the Steppe”
The topic of protecting nature is currently relevant to everyone. For children school age it is interesting not only for its factual material, but also for its rich emotional content.
Goals:
introduce students to the Earth Day holiday;
to develop interest in the surrounding world and environmental awareness;
cultivate desire careful attitude to nature, active participation in environmental protection.
Equipment:
computer and projector.
Earth Day is celebrated on April 22 - International holiday clean water, Earth and Air. A day of reminders of terrible environmental disasters, a day when every person can think about what they can do to solve environmental problems, overcoming indifference in yourself.
Since 1997, Earth Day began to be celebrated in Russia. This is the most massive and large-scale environmental action. On this day they decide the most important tasks on improvement and greening of cities, rural settlements, expanding the area of green spaces, reducing land pollution from industrial emissions and solid household waste.
There are many plains, mountains, deserts on earth, and today we will talk about our native steppe. The steppe spreads out into endless expanses on the plains. Even in ancient times, the steppe was called a “wild field,” but now fields of agricultural crops lie here.
Animal world in the steppe it is not as diverse as in dense dense forests, but it is also very interesting. Among the animals of the steppe there are saigas, bustards, little bustards, marmots, jerboas and many other inhabitants of the endless fields.
Let's test our erudition now. I will ask questions, and you must answer them.
Quiz “Nature Experts”
A protected place where rare and valuable plants, animals, unique areas of nature, and cultural values are protected and preserved. (RESERVE)
The science of the relationships of plant and animal organisms to each other and to environment. (ECOLOGY)
A book containing rare and endangered animals, plants and mushrooms that need protection and conservation. (RED)
Great wading bird with long legs And long neck. a symbol of hope and good luck, inspiring people to create the most beautiful works of art throughout the centuries. (CRANE)
The small short-tailed rodent is a serious pest of agricultural crops. In spring and summer it destroys succulent shoots of cereals, and in autumn – grain. Having accumulated fat, he prepares for hibernation. In the spring, having come to the surface, the animal likes to bask in the sun, standing in a column near the hole. Disturbed, it whistles loudly and immediately disappears into a hole. (GOPHER)
He jumps like a kangaroo on his hind legs. It gallops quickly and does not crash in the dark, because it orients itself well thanks to its fine hearing and sensitive whiskers. The long, very long tail with a large fluffy tassel at the end serves as a rudder and balance beam for the jerboa when jumping. And with its short front paws the animal catches and eats insects, seeds, juicy bulbs and roots. (JERBOA)
This bird loves open spaces and lives in steppes and semi-deserts. Looking out for prey, it soars high in the air, slightly bending its wings. With a keen eye he notices the slightest movement on the ground. If something edible appears, this bird folds its wings and dives down. Only at the very ground does it open its wings and grab the victim with its claws. (STEPPE EAGLE)
They call her steppe antelope– thin-legged and fast. Their herds rush at a speed of 70-80 kilometers per hour, raising clouds of dust, but the animals do not suffocate, because they have an air purification device hanging over their mouth. They are unusually hardy. They travel long distances without rest. They can withstand heat and can go for long periods without water. And they are not capricious when it comes to food: they eat grass, lichens, even wormwood and poisonous plants. It turns out that there is a lot of copper in their body, and it neutralizes the effect of plant poisons. (SAIGA).
The steppe expanses of our republic are home to many species of animals. One of them is the saiga. Now it is considered a rare, endangered animal. The saiga is listed in the UNESCO Red Book.
Back in the 80s, more than 400 thousand of them lived in the steppes of Kalmykia, which made it possible to annually hunt over 10 thousand animals, receiving from them valuable dietary meat and medicinal raw materials. At the time of the mammoth, saigas inhabited all of Europe as far as England. The remains of saigas have been found even in Alaska. Nowadays they can only be found in steppe zone Kazakhstan, and here in Kalmykia. In Kalmykia, it lives in semi-desert and desert zones.
Now we will play with you. I will give you excerpts of proverbs, you must find a pair for yourself to compose the full text of the proverb
One log does not burn in a stove, two logs do not go out in the steppe.
It will spill in the mountains - the steppe will bloom.
And for high mountain lies the steppe.
The one who walks will cross the steppe.
If you have friends, you are as wide as the steppe; if you don’t have it, it’s as narrow as the palm of your hand.
He who has friends is like a steppe, he who has no friends is like a handful.
The hare (hare) loves the field.
The steppe is no better than the forest.
In the steppe there is space, in the forest there is land.
The Kalmyk steppe is wide, but people are cramped on them.
Our lesson has come to an end, thank you everyone for participating. Let's sing a song to the tune of "From a Smile..."
Steppe song:
How beautiful is my steppe in spring!
How joyfully and radiantly she shines!
And they fly and circle above me
The trills of larks in the silver sky!
Chorus:
The grasshoppers are yawning behind the tulip!
The sun is shining in in the air April,
And the steppe is painted in rainbow colors!
A crane will fly to visit us,
And he will tell us new tales!
Chorus:
Zhu-zhu-zhu, a bug sang, there was a spider near a blade of grass,
Grasshoppers yawn behind a tulip
The baby saiga galloped away, didn’t even recognize his mother,
And feather grass and butterflies fly around!
I really liked how you all worked today, I prepared these medals for you. Well done everyone today.
Gilana Boldyreva
Scenario of the holiday for the implementation of the Kalmykia EDS “How beautiful is my steppe in April”
Holiday scenario
"How my steppe is beautiful in April»
Goals and objectives:
Fostering a conscious sense of responsibility for the Earth, love for native land, conservation of natural resources;
Introduce the history of the appearance of tulips in Kalmyk steppe;
Developing a sense of patriotism and a tolerant attitude towards each other.
Epigraph:
In the spring steppe- that same wondrous paradise,
Music is playing. Background. Kalmyk melodies"Tsetsgyarich".
Dance with the Hadaks
1 presenter. Mendtv, kundte uurmud boln enkr bichkdyd!
2 leader. Hello, dear guests, guys! We invited you to holiday"How my steppe is beautiful in April» .
1 presenter. How our Kalmyk steppe is beautiful in spring, you know everything. Thick grass, green as a carpet, covers it. Fresh air! And against the background of greenery, tulips bloom in bright carpets, red, yellow, orange, burgundy, two-tone, purple. Beauty!
1 child. How are you beautiful, my steppe, V April
Crystal clear air and space;
And the bell - the lark trills!
You are the music whose sounds have long been
Some genius, having sunk into obscurity,
Transferred to painting tulips.
1 presenter. Tulip in Kalmykia is more than just a flower. This is a symbol steppes, spring and the rebirth of nature, "the soul of our ancestors".
2 leader. The massive death of tulips in the 80-90s of the twentieth century led to the need to solve the problem of preserving this species at the state level, so the tulip was listed in the Red Book.
1 presenter. June 16, 1994 President of the Republic Kalmykia signed the Decree on the organization national park "Bamb tsetsg" in the territory Kalmykia, in order to preserve the reference area steppe landscape, the symbol and decoration of which is the tulip.
2nd child. Tulips of my homeland!
What is more elegant and modest?
Facing the dawn,
They took in all the colors.
Breath of juicy petals,
Those who punched dense layer centuries.
Petals folded into a turban
This is where the tulip came from.
Song "Bamb tsetsg" "Tulip"
1 presenter. The tulip is considered the flower of Holland. But he's been brought here for four hundred years
back from Turkey, and the tulip culture came there from Iran.
The 17th century was the golden age of the Dutch bourgeoisie, which amassed enormous treasures through the brutal exploitation of its vast colonies. The rich spent huge amounts of money on luxury, and of course, on flowers. The Dutch's favorite flower was the tulip. Once, for one bulb of a varietal tulip, 4 bulls, 8 pigs, 12 sheep, 2 large barrels of wine, 4 barrels of beer, 2 barrels of oil, 1 bed with accessories, 1 bunch of dresses and 1 silver cup were paid. Farmers realized that growing tulips would bring them great income. Trade in tulips expanded widely. Because one carpenter almost ate a tulip bulb, the judge sentenced him to 4 years in prison.
In 1673, a competition was announced to breed a black tulip, for which a reward of 100 thousand gold guilders was promised. The black tulip was grown, and the award for it was presented by the head of state, William of Orange. Holland became a country of floriculture.
2 leader. IN international book To date, about three and a half thousand varieties of tulips have been registered. Among them there are also new varieties of the famous Dutch royal tulips. But not everyone knows that their story began in Russia, in Primanych steppes. IN civil war ended up in Primanychskie steppes with the white army, the Dutch officer Derrick Leferb. Seeing in steppes wild tulips of unprecedented beauty, he dug up several bulbs, hid them in a duffel bag and, even when he fled from Budenov’s men, managed to save them and take them home to Holland. For a long time collectors "they cast a spell" over the bulbs until they finally become famous "royal tulips". Derrick Leferb became the owner of one of the large flower growing companies, but did not forget this story, and in gratitude to the country that gave him the magic bulbs, he gave new varieties to the Russians names: "Yuri Gagarin", "Galina Ulanova", "Big theater". Holland has been famous for its magnificent varieties of tulips for more than 400 years, but it still owes their appearance to « steppe Primanych roots» .
Older children and preparatory group read poetry.
3 child. I love Kalmyk steppe,
It's easy to breathe here,
And my life is not easy
I have been given the opportunity to live here.
ABOUT, my beautiful steppe!
The aroma of flowers is alluring.
Carpet of live tulips,
Which I'm so glad about.
Above the mysterious land
colorful meadows
Soars smoothly in the sky
A pair of strong eagles.
Cutting through the air
Wings of a crane,
My sad song
Hears my steppe!
4 child. In the spring steppe- that same wondrous paradise,
A solid carpet of flowers in the green grass.
And who ever sees this land,
He will forever be in love with her.
5 child. Where else can you see
Such a variety of tulips?
How will they be reflected in the mirror
Only the waters of unpretentious estuaries.
6 child. So let the flowers shine in steppes
Let them drive us crazy with satin sheen!
My friend, please don't tear them
Let steppe in the spring she will again dress up as a bride.
1 presenter. From the distant past, a legend came to us "about the tulip-store of human happiness", which says that human happiness is stored in a golden, tightly closed bud, and no one could get to it, neither old nor young. Neither cunning nor spell power. But one day, where such a flower grew, a poor, exhausted woman was passing by, leading her son by the hand, when she suddenly noticed from a distance a golden bud, about which she had heard a lot. She did not think of revealing it, as she thought. That this was completely impossible, she wanted to look at the flower that contained happiness. The one she hasn't seen in her entire life. The woman slowly, with bated breath, approached him, like her boy. Having escaped from the hands, and with a loud laugh, waving his arms, he rushed to the flower. And - oh, miracle! - at that very moment the bud opened on its own, something happened that neither strength nor spells could do, but the laughter of a child did.
2 leader. Hungarian proverb reads: "He who loves flowers cannot be evil". Each of us should know that when picking a flower, it kills the plant, and a new one will not appear in place of the one picked, because the tulip bulb, without having time to accumulate nutrients due to the loss of the flower, leaves and stem, it also dies.
7 child. Tulip petals fluttered.
And the bud slowly unfolded,
It was as if a pink wound had opened...
I think I even heard a groan.
By the will of the secret forces,
From the beauty that is so sweet,
From the bitterness of wormwood
Flower music is being created.
(D.N. Kugultinov "Music of Verse".)
8 child. The tulip is on fire.
Trembling over steppe flame.
And there is no strength to calm him down,
Fire April!
scarlet flowers
Raging steppe. And it makes me happy!
Fills the soul with an alarming light
This is the contemplation of beauty.
And I'm afraid to break the silence.
I'm standing. I look at the bright flowers.
9 child. But very soon the scarlet light will go out.
Nature, you are clearly right here.
Well, you couldn’t have arranged it.
So that the tulip lives all summer like grass?
Or maybe the beauty is in this flash?
And maybe this is the meaning of my flowers?
And maybe life is too long
They would forget who they are and what?
(B. Dzhimbinov "Tulip".)
1 presenter. In spring, sakura blooms in Japan - a barren, beautifully blooming cherry tree - and all residents and guests of the Japanese islands come to this tree ( national symbol land of the rising sun, admire the color. Meet friends in nature. Show children the beauty of nature and respect for it. Of course, no one would even think of picking an armful of blooming sakura branches and taking them home or as a gift to acquaintances and friends, much less selling them. No, the Japanese come to the tree and admire it. It has become a cultural tradition, national holiday of the islanders.
2 leader. Tulip blossom in Kalmyk steppe became national holiday , which attracts not only residents Kalmykia, but also guests from all over the world.
1 presenter. Mana halmg teegin keerul – bamb tsetsg. Once upon a time there lived Bolhn Tsetsgin to Bahrad Yovna. Teged madn, shulg bichlevidn. En shulgern zug emtnd bamb tsetsg heerlj hadhly gizh duudvr kezhenavidn:
Verse on Kalmyk language.
2 leader. Remember that there will be more tulips if we don’t pick them and leave them in steppes so that they can go through the period of development intended for them by nature from the first leaf to flowering and ripening of the seeds with which they reproduce.
10 child.
Wonderful tulip lights
Seen less and less these days
People mercilessly tear them
And they sell it in the markets.
Or they will pick such a bouquet,
Which is hard to hold in your hand.
For what? After all, they are in the room
The lights of the petals will be extinguished,
They will hang their proud heads,
You cannot revive with living water.
And the tulip degenerates
This is how the tarpan disappeared.
And it hurts me, dear tulip,
How they treat you
Fools, ignoramuses, hucksters,
Who has little kindness of soul.
Should the tulip shoots
Tolerate robberies?
The dawns are carried away in petals
On foreign cars, "Zhiguli".
Tulips are running from the roads,
So that no one can break them.
They are in a hurry to get the window:
Danger is visible all around.
But to reserved places
Beauty is calling tulips.
(G. Kukareka "Tulips".)
Dance "Tulips".
1 presenter.
Due to the fact that the tulip islands in the Priyutnensky district are a natural monument, they are listed in the Red Book.
In subsequent years, there has been a significant decrease in the number of tulips on the islands. Their color diversity, as well as some species on the verge of extinction.
This suggests that people mercilessly pick flowers, they destroy them. And if this continues, then soon these flowers may disappear completely.
In connection with the decrease in the number of relic plants in the district, a resolution was adopted on March 27, 2002 “On measures to protect the population of tulips in the Priyutnensky district” in order to comply with the regime of the ornithological branch "Manych-Gudilo" and creating conditions for the restoration of tulip flowering sites in the area in accordance with the law of the Russian Federation “On specially protected natural areas”. This resolution also includes protection state reserve "Black Lands". Now they provide organized visits to the islands during the tulip blooming period, when visiting flowering places tulip picking is prohibited.
11 child. Why is there less and less every year?
Tulips bloom in steppes?
Why do we tear it down without regret?
After all, tulips are holy flowers!
Why are we destroying nature?
After all, she has been dear to us since childhood!
In words we love her so much
But in reality? We tear it down, we tear it down...
Don't destroy nature, people!
Don't let evil have a feast
After all, everyone has known for a long time
Beauty will save the world.
Song "I. Scarlet tulip"
vocal group MKDOU " Kindergarten "Tulip"
2 leader. Because of this attitude of people, many plants have disappeared. In the end, they realized that if nature is not helped, then animals and plants will disappear from the face of the earth. To prevent this from happening, scientists have compiled a special book - "RED BOOK".
295 species, subspecies of animals and 312 subspecies of birds are already listed in the Red Book of the World. This is already an alarm signal to humanity. The Red Book itself does not protect, but only establishes, records, and warns.
12 child. If I pick a flower,
If you pick a flower
If all: Both me and you,
If we pick flowers -
All the clearings will be empty
And there will be no beauty.
1 presenter. How important it is to protect the Earth so that the Eternal Pole does not occur on the entire planet. We need to take care of our village as a beloved part of the Earth, and for this we need to know it well, to know its problems. Today we took the first step in studying environmental problems.
13 child. Tree, grass, flower and bird
They don't always know how to defend themselves.
If they are destroyed,
We will be alone on the planet.
14 child. You're walking along steppes, don't touch the animals!
Don’t pick flowers in vain, don’t hit swans!
You save everything that needs to be protected!
All our nature must be protected!
15child. If you cut down forests, then beauty will leave us,
If you destroy the fields, the earth will become bare,
If you pick out all the flowers -
There will be no former beauty,
Never destroy what nature has created.
Song "Tag" (Steppe)
vocal group MKDOU "Kindergarten" "Tulip"
Good wishes on Kalmyk language.
Also, incl. , incl.
Steppe and steppe all around... the path is long
On the occasion of Steppe Day, REGNUM news agency publishes a story by Natalia Sudets about the origin of this holiday, as well as the fate and secrets of the Russian steppes / Story “National Parks and Nature Reserves” wildlife» / Photo projects REGNUM / May, 2018
You wake up in the steppe at dawn, reach out with your hand to the window, draw the curtain on the laboratory window and see that the sun has already caught its paws on the edge of the earth and is pulling itself up, stretching into the horizon, brightening its edge. More and more
Orenburg Reserve
Trying to open your eyes, you roll off the sofa, stuff yourself into your boots right in your pajamas, sleepily grab someone’s jacket with one hand, a photo backpack with the other, and walk into the dawn. I made it! And now you are walking, squinting, dragging your sleepy feet, towards the sun. You choose a point, set up a tripod and camera, take pictures, hear the larks singing, look up, smile, take a deep breath: “ Good morning, Steppe! Steppe heart of Russia
In the Orenburg region, on the border of Europe and Asia, there is the steppe heart of Russia - the Orenburgsky Nature Reserve. The first completely steppe reserve in Russia, created on May 12, 1989 specifically for the conservation of steppe ecosystems. The fact is that the steppes are not legally protected in any way, and the only chance to protect them from human activity is to create a specially protected natural area, national park or a nature reserve.
2. Orenburg Nature Reserve
3. Same
4. -/-
5. Steppe flowers
This year the reserve celebrated its 29th birthday, and next year it will celebrate its anniversary. And although 30 years is quite a long time, the reserve became widely known only at the end of 2015, when new residents settled in its steppe. But first things first.
6. Przewalski's horses brought to the Orenburg steppe
7. Same
9. -/-
10. -/-
11. -/-
The steppes as an ecosystem were formed under the influence of grazing by a large number of herd ungulates, which regularly ate and killed it. And in the steppe, its own way of life reigned; those animals and birds lived who liked this way of life. But in Soviet time the steppes went under the knife of tractors. Steppe chernozems have turned into arable lands, cities, forest plantations, industrial facilities, and landfills. And the steppe, which was not protected by law, was under threat as an ecosystem. When people realized this, they began to create nature reserves. However, the creation of specially protected natural areas solved the problem only partially, while simultaneously giving rise to another. The point is that beginning of XXI centuries, there were practically no wild ungulates left in the steppes, and livestock grazing in nature reserves is prohibited by law. And an incident arose: the reserved steppe without ungulates began to gradually overgrow and degrade.
12. Sky over the steppe
13. Orenburg Reserve
14. Steppe inhabitants
15. Same
16. Steppe flowers
Scientists have long understood that to maintain the steppe in its standard form, ungulates are needed. In July 2015, a former military training ground with an area of 165 square kilometers(approximately the area of the Khabarovsk urban district), where, thanks to the military, the largest area of feather grass steppe in Russia remained unplowed. New territory became the fifth section of the reserve and received the name “Pre-Ural Steppe”, and the total area of the reserve due to this increased by 76%. An unprecedented case in our country. And this was done in order to begin the implementation of a unique project - the return to the nature of the Orenburg region of the wild Przewalski's horse that once lived here. This species completely disappeared from the wild due to human fault in the late 70s of the last century and survived only in zoos and semi-reserves.
17. Steppe inhabitants
18. Sky over the steppe
19. Same
20. Orenburg Reserve
21. Same
Reserve staff with the support of the UNDP/Global Steppe Project environmental fund and the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources have developed a program to create a semi-free population of the Przewalski horse. Its practical start began in July 2015, as soon as there was an area sufficient in size to create a full-fledged population of wild horses. The first group of animals was brought from France, from the Tour du Valais biostation, and in the next two years, several more groups from the Hungarian Hortobagy National Park arrived in the reserve. The last delivery occurred in October 2016. Then the team of the "Reserves of the Orenburg region" set a world record for a one-time air transportation of wild ungulates. No country in the world has transported 16 wild horses at one time, in one airborne flight. And even though the Russians take a long time to harness, they travel quickly. This is the twelfth such project in the world and the most dynamically developing. With its beginning, the ancient union of steppes and ungulates was actually restored. Today, three herds of real wild horses live in the protected steppe of the Orenburg Reserve, and two more are preparing for life in the wild in acclimatization pens.
22. Przewalski's horses brought to the Orenburg steppe
23. Same
25. Orenburg Reserve
26. Steppe flowers
Steppe Day
Before arriving in the Orenburg region, the steppe seemed to me something dull and uninteresting. There’s nothing for the photographer’s eye to catch on, I thought naively. But for three years now I have been in love with the steppe, and it reciprocates my feelings, revealing new facets of itself. And every spring I return here to celebrate two birthdays at once, the reserve and the steppe.
27. Steppe inhabitants
28. Przewalski's horses brought to the Orenburg steppe
29. Same
31. -/-
It's hard to imagine, but even in the most steppe country in the world, Mongolia, there is no official holiday dedicated to the steppe. Until 2013, no country in the world celebrated it. This idea seemed so unexpected to me and, needless to say, brilliant that I took advantage of my official position (and I was then working as a PR consultant for the UNDP Steppe Project) and proposed to the project management the idea of creating an official holiday in the Orenburg region. The governor liked the idea, and after a couple of months, on May 7, 2013, by decree on memorable and holiday dates, the last Saturday of May became the official regional holiday “Steppe Day.” This year it was celebrated on May 26th. By the way, the example of the Orenburg region was followed by Kalmykia, where there are also steppes and where this holiday is now also celebrated. The steppe has an official birthday and a reason to attract the attention of officials to its problems and show its beauty to tourists. The Steppe Project completed its work in Russia, making a great contribution to the conservation of the steppes. My work was completed, but the steppe had other plans for me. At the end of 2015, she finally took possession of me, luring me to work at the Orenburg Nature Reserve. And now we have a secret alliance with her, which grows stronger with each of my visits. After all, the steppe is not at all dull and very interesting. And the photographer's eye has something to catch on and never get out of it.
32. Orenburg Reserve
33. Steppe flowers
34. Orenburg Reserve
35. Steppe flowers
36. Orenburg Reserve
It's spring again. Reserved steppe. You tremble like a blade of grass in the wind. Not from the cold - from lack of sleep. But is it possible to sleep and miss a miracle? This thin morning air, drunk without a straw with one movement of the lips. These swollen drops of dew on fescue sticks, you can even lick them off with your tongue. This tart and rough smell of wormwood, which is sprayed around by your own shoes. This muffled sound of footsteps, which only happens at dawn on wet ground - and in the melting silence the beating of the heart in the temples: one, two, one, two. And now the dawn glassblower is pulling a thin golden thread over the horizon, weaving bright ribbons into it, like into a girl’s wreath...
37. Przewalski's horses brought to the Orenburg steppe
38. Steppe flowers
39. Orenburg steppe
40. Orenburg Reserve
41. Same
_______The ethnographic reserve festival “Breath of the Steppe” was held in the Orenburg region
At the festival, the symbol of which was the Przhevalsky horse, several exhibition areas were organized / Plot “Volunteering and volunteerism in the Russian Federation” / May, 2018
The ethnographic reserve festival “Breath of the Steppe” was held on the “Pre-Ural Steppe” site of the state nature reserve in the Orenburg region on May 26. About it reports press service of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Reserves of the Orenburg Region".
42. Ethnographic reserve festival “Breath of the Steppe” in Orenburg / Photo: Alexander Zhuchkov
43. Photo: Irina Latypova
44. Same
45. -/-
46. -/-
The purpose of the festival, which has been held in the Orenburg region for the sixth year in a row, is the civic and patriotic education of children and youth, the formation of an environmental culture of the population through joint activities volunteer and public organizations.
47. Ethnographic reserve festival “Breath of the Steppe” in Orenburg / Photo: Irina Latypova
48. Same
49. Photo: Irina Sukhova
50. Same
51. -/-
It is noted that volunteer associations of universities in the Orenburg region, the military history club “Rusich” and the permanent partner of the festival RO “Peresvet” took part in the preparation and holding of the event, the idea of which belonged to the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Reserves of the Orenburg Region”.
According to the latest data, about sixty people gathered in the protected area, despite the cool weather.
52. Ethnographic reserve festival “Breath of the Steppe” in Orenburg / Photo: Irina Sukhova
53. Same
56. Photo: Irina Latypova
At the festival, the symbol of which was the Przhevalsky horse, several exhibition areas were organized where the history of the steppe through the eras was presented. The ethnographic tent camp “Luchezar” of the Russian society “Peresvet”, which is located in the visitor center of the reserve, became the semantic center of the holiday.
57. Ethnographic reserve festival “Breath of the Steppe” in Orenburg / Photo: Irina Latypova
58. Photo: Maxim Chumakov
59. Same
61. -/-
After a live presentation of the site, during the day the event organizers held master classes and various activities on a historical theme. Guests of the festival could practice sword fighting or archery. In addition, the organizers of the event invited the guests to weave together a “Belt of Friendship”.
62. Ethnographic Reserve Festival "Breath of the Steppe" in Orenburg / Photo: Maxim Chumakov
63. Same
64. -/-
66. -/-
“A common cause united the guests frozen under the steppe wind, so the FGBU team decided to make a gift for all participants of the festival — free excursion By ecological trail"Breath of the steppe" and a close acquaintance with Przewalski's horses.
At the height of the tulip bloom in April, Kalmyks celebrate Steppe Day. It was celebrated for the first time in the spring of 2015. The authors of the idea hope to draw attention to the problems of the flora and fauna of Kalmykia.
Every year spring breathes life into thousands of kilometers of the Kalmyk steppe. The endless plain is covered with a tulip carpet. The life of a tulip is short - only two to three weeks. The height of the flower is ten centimeters, which makes it easier to protect from the continuous wind. For many centuries, the tulip was the pride of Kalmykia, but now it needs protection.
Previously, the steppe was almost completely covered with yellow, purple, white, red and even black tulips. But his love for the flower played a cruel joke on him: people cut off the plants, picking off the largest ones. These tulips will no longer produce new flowers. Their numbers are also declining due to land plowing, natural fires and livestock grazing. Today the flower is listed in the Red Book as an endangered plant species. 
Kalmyks have always called the steppe the nurse. To a visitor, it seems deserted and lifeless. But the Kalmyk hunter will always find prey here. In the old days, the archer's family was always well-fed. Several centuries ago, Kalmyks obtained food by hunting. It was necessary to hit the victim at full gallop - the animal would not allow the hunter to come closer than 200-300 meters. If you miss, you'll be left without lunch. Nowadays, hunting has ceased to be a vital trade, but Kalmyks preserve traditions and organize competitions on holidays.
The national ornament “Zeg” is a symbol of the difficult nomadic life and the cyclical nature of the world. Steppe motifs were decorated on clothes with silver and gold threads. The pattern is complex, there is a certain technique of “zega” embroidery. Today, only a few craftswomen in Kalmykia have a unique embroidery skill. Women pass on their knowledge to young students. Nowadays stage costumes are decorated with traditional ornaments. The famous Kalmyk dance Chichirdyk. The men are wearing black beshmets, symbolizing the earth, the girls are wearing red dresses, a symbol of the flowering steppe. 
Kalmyks are a nomadic people. Nomads lived in portable yurts. Such a wagon, consisting of wooden poles covered with felt, is assembled and disassembled in a matter of minutes. The Kalmyk dwelling can be divided into three parts: folding lattices, poles and the upper circle of haracha. It allows the smoke to leave the room and illuminate the yurt. The doors of the wagon were necessarily installed to the south, since this side was always bright and carried heat to the dwelling. This tent is comfortable in any weather: cool in summer, warm in winter. The floor is covered with skins, in the center there is a hearth, and if necessary, the dome of the wagon is covered with a special cover.
Today Kalmyk carts can be seen both in the museum and in the steppe. The owners of such dwellings are engaged in animal husbandry and roam with camels. In the old days, almost every steppe family had these desert ships. Now camel breeding specialists have to be invited from Mongolia. 
The Mongols are considered one of the the best specialists for dressing skins and shearing camels. Animal wool is valued more than sheep's, and camel's milk contains more vitamins and minerals than cow's. A Mongolian family can have, from the benefits of civilization, solar panels, cellular telephone. The main luxury of the steppe is a well. The nearest store is tens of kilometers away, so the food does not differ in variety.
Steppe cuisine is predominantly meat and dairy. The hostess of the yurt spends several hours every day near the wooden tub - churning butter, making koumiss, cheese and archi - a steppe alcoholic drink. Meat here is a delicacy. It is not eaten often; usually the sheep is slaughtered for guests and on holidays. But not a single dish is complete without milk. For example, national tea is prepared with the addition of milk and salt. The hostess bleeds a cup of such a drink to the altar every morning - this is an offering to the saints. There is a Buddhist altar in every yurt, where spouses pray for the well-being of the family.
Chermen Ulubiev
Scenario of the event “Day of the Steppe”
Goals:
introduce students to the holiday “Steppe Day”;
to develop interest in the surrounding world and environmental awareness;
to cultivate a desire to respect nature and actively participate in environmental protection.
Equipment:
computer and projector, presentation
Today on Classroom hour dedicated to the holiday Steppe Day. In the Republic of Kalmykia, “Steppe Day” was established by the Law of the Republic of Kalmykia dated March 6, 2015 3 108-V-З “On amendments to the article of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On holidays and memorial days in the Republic of Kalmykia”. (slide 1)
There are many plains, mountains, and deserts on earth, and today we will talk about our native steppe. The steppe spreads out into endless expanses on the plains. Even in ancient times, the steppe was called a “wild field,” but now fields of agricultural crops lie here.
The fauna in the steppe is not as diverse as in dense dense forests, but it is also very interesting. Among the animals of the steppe there are saigas, bustards, little bustards, marmots, jerboas and many other inhabitants of the endless fields.
And now I will ask questions, and you must answer them.
Quiz “Nature Experts”
A protected place where rare and valuable plants, animals, unique areas of nature, and cultural values are protected and preserved. (RESERVE)
The science of the relationships of plant and animal organisms to each other and to the environment. (ECOLOGY) (slide 2)
A book containing rare and endangered animals, plants and mushrooms that need protection and conservation. (RED) (slide 3)
A large wading bird with long legs and a long neck. a symbol of hope and good luck, inspiring people to create the most beautiful works of art throughout the centuries. (CRANE) (slide 4)
The small short-tailed rodent is a serious pest of agricultural crops. In spring and summer it destroys succulent shoots of cereals, and in autumn – grain. Having accumulated fat, it prepares for winter hibernation. In the spring, having come to the surface, the animal likes to bask in the sun, standing in a column near the hole. Disturbed, it whistles loudly and immediately disappears into a hole. (GOUSLIK) (slide 5)
He jumps like a kangaroo on his hind legs. It gallops quickly and does not crash in the dark, because it orients itself well thanks to its fine hearing and sensitive whiskers. The long, very long tail with a large fluffy tassel at the end serves as a rudder and balance beam for the jerboa when jumping. And with its short front paws the animal catches and eats insects, seeds, juicy bulbs and roots. (JERBOA). (slide 6)
This bird loves open spaces and lives in steppes and semi-deserts. Looking out for prey, it soars high in the air, slightly bending its wings. With a keen eye he notices the slightest movement on the ground. If something edible appears, this bird folds its wings and dives down. Only at the very ground does it open its wings and grab the victim with its claws. (STEPPE EAGLE) (slide 7)
It is called the steppe antelope - thin-legged and fast. Their herds rush at a speed of 70-80 kilometers per hour, raising clouds of dust, but the animals do not suffocate, because they have an air purification device hanging over their mouth. They are unusually hardy. They travel long distances without rest. They can withstand heat and can go for long periods without water. And they are not capricious when it comes to food: they eat grass, lichens, even wormwood and poisonous plants. It turns out that there is a lot of copper in their body, and it neutralizes the effect of plant poisons. (SAIGA). (slide 8)
The steppe expanses of our republic are home to many species of animals. One of them is the saiga. Now it is considered a rare, endangered animal. The saiga is listed in the UNESCO Red Book.
Back in the 80s, more than 400 thousand of them lived in the steppes of Kalmykia, which made it possible to annually hunt over 10 thousand animals, receiving from them valuable dietary meat and medicinal raw materials. At the time of the mammoth, saigas inhabited all of Europe as far as England. The remains of saigas have been found even in Alaska. Now they can only be found in the steppe zone of Kazakhstan, and here in Kalmykia. In Kalmykia, it lives in semi-desert and desert zones. " (slide 9) (slide 10) (slide 11)
Now we will play with you. I will give you excerpts of proverbs, you must find a pair to compose the full text of the proverb (slide 12)
One log does not burn in a stove, two logs do not go out in the steppe.
It will spill in the mountains - the steppe will bloom.
In the steppe there is space, in the forest there is land.
And behind the high mountain lies the steppe.
The one who walks will cross the steppe.
If you have friends, you are as wide as the steppe; if you don’t have it, it’s as narrow as the palm of your hand.
He who has friends is like a steppe, he who has no friends is like a handful.
I really liked how you all worked today. Well done everyone today.
