Disposal of tires and tires

Almost every car owner had to change tires, since this important element the car is highly subject to wear and tear and has a certain period of use.Old and worn out - after replacement, they are subject to disposal, and it must be carried out in a special way. For example, rubber crumb is made from them, which is an excellent coating for sports complexes and playgrounds.

They must be handed over to specialized companies that will process and dispose of them in accordance with environmental safety standards, including those licensed to handle hazardous waste.

Prices for taking tires for recycling.

Our company offers tire recycling services at an affordable price. We carry out a wide range of work:

• Export of waste car tires from the territory of the customer;
• Control weighing of tires and tires handed over for recycling (the total cost of the order will depend on the final weight);
• Advising clients on all issues;
• Destruction by crushing them - the result is a small rubber crumb, which can later be used with benefit (for example, to create a rubber coating for sports stadiums, etc.). Grinding of rubber tires is carried out on special equipment under the supervision of qualified experienced specialists. We guarantee the safety of all work;
• Realization of tire recycling products;

The price of recycling car tires is set for 1 ton. Weighing can be done in the presence of the customer in order to make pricing transparent and avoid overpayments.

It is profitable and convenient to give used tires for reception at Ecology 24 LLC. We perform the work promptly, comply with all safety regulations during work, provide customers with everything Required documents- Act. The cost of our services is affordable and attractive.

Little of. Every year, on the axles of new cars, from the warehouses of tire factories, about 80 million new tires are thrown into circulation - about a million tons! Which in three or four years they will “mouse” and leave. Anywhere. Despite existing but poorly functioning bans on unauthorized dumping of garbage. Including tires...

From such a ruthless "interaction" with the environment in most of the so-called civilized countries have already moved away. Including worn tires. In any case, in European countries, where since 1999 an EU directive has banned the disposal of whole or cut used tires, and a 2008 directive defines the principles of waste management in the interests of preserving the environment. And what about in Russia? There is a non-working the federal law 1998 "On production and consumption waste". There are amendments to it, which are shelved in the government of the country. All!

Meanwhile, one of the leaders in world tire production, the Finnish Nokian Tires, a company familiar with the problem, took part in the development of amendments to the law that were hanging in the White House. After all, the basis of the European tire recycling model is the principle of “producer responsibility”. And exactly three northern countries- Finland, Sweden and Norway, where they are especially reverent about the fragile and easily vulnerable Nordic environment, back in 1993, became the pioneers of civilized tire recycling in Europe.

Recycling should be transparent

What is the focus of the Finnish tire recycling model? Firstly, as a non-profit (!) Institute, it is absolutely transparent, like water in thousands of Finnish lakes, although through it “ vascular system» a solid financial flow flows in and out. Secondly, the state has not invested and is not investing either a euro or a cent in it, and therefore the Finnish way of recycling is not stuck in bureaucratic networks. Thirdly, it is effective - 100% of used tires are collected throughout the country, 120% (an increase due to the extraction of tires from old deposits) is either processed into secondary raw materials or used to generate electricity.

Risto Tuominen, a large energetic man, charged with an active life position in his rather troublesome business, he is the executive director of the non-profit Finnish recycling company (Suomen Rengaskierratys Oy). In addition to him, there is only one employee in the “office”. But it is they who are in charge of all this complex, but working like a clock, recycling mechanism. The founders and owners of the company are global tire brands operating in the country - Bridgestone, Continental, Goodyear, Nokian, Michelin, ARL. The system involves 289 tire manufacturers, importers, wholesalers of tires, recyclers of old cars, 2535 waste tire collection points, 245 containers and two commercial operating companies (selected by tender) that organize the collection of tires, their transportation, storage and disposal.

tire tax

And who pays? That's right, buyer! On average, the price of a passenger car tire in Finland also includes 1.75 euros for recycling + 24% VAT on this amount. The Finnish car owner pays this fee even when he buys a new car. Tire sellers, as well as their manufacturers/importers, are strictly accountable for this recycling fee from each tire, which goes in full to Risto Tuominen's safe, and he already pays for the work of the operators. By the way, due to the growing proceeds from the sale of secondary resources generated by the recycling of tires, Tuominen reduces the amount of recycling fees paid by buyers. Characteristically: refusal to submit an application to the register of tire manufacturers / importers is punishable by a fine of 500 to 500,000 euros, "underground" import and sale of tires - from 500 to 10,000 euros. What's in the net residue? Finns don't have a headache about what to do with a worn tire, the state has no problems with the disposal of old rubber, Finnish society has one less problem related to environmental protection.

But "kill" old tire- half the battle. The technology has already been developed, mobile mechanized columns have been created, wandering from landfill to landfill, deftly and quickly removing disks, steel cord from tires, shredding rubber into pieces and chips of various sizes, up to rubber crumb (depending on how this raw material will be used further ). It is especially important that the Scandinavians have learned to get considerable commercial benefits from used rubber.

What can be done from old rubber

So, dry cement producers have mastered the combustion in furnaces not of gas or fuel oil, but of chips from used tires - it turned out to be much cheaper, while the rubber burns completely, even without ash. Recycled tires are used to make building materials express roads; noise barriers; lay the foundation for new landfills when the old ones are closed; used in the arrangement of sports fields and playgrounds, arenas for riding. Projects are being developed to use secondary resources obtained from the disposal of tires for water purification (rubber crumb removes a third of the fluorine and half of the nitrogen contained in it), the restoration of old peatlands and wasted swamps; in the fight against vibration of railway tracks....

In general, in Europe, the evolution of the tire recycling process from 1996 to 2010 led to the fact that the disposal of old tires decreased (in percent) from 49 to 4, the recovery of secondary energy increased from 20 to 40, the recovery of secondary resources from 11 to 38, and the retreading of old heavy-duty tires has decreased from 12 to 9. By the way, Risto Tuominen's company subsidizes both research and development work related to tire recycling and the search for new opportunities for their reuse, including R&D on a project to increase the service life of summer tires to 6.15 years, winter tires to 6.37 years, which is beneficial for both the buyer and the recycler.

... But let's get back to Russian realities. The main thing that is alarming is not only that there is again a delay at the government level in the adoption of a new recycling legislation. And not even that the recycling of tires is not solved by a separate law, but in conjunction with long list other industrial and household waste (the experience of Europe is not a decree for us, we are not interested in the transparency of the process). And the fact that the tire recycling fee intends to accumulate the state itself, which will then issue funds for recycling. And so, we know from experience that the games with this new "tire" tax will be opaque, with various subterfuges and tricks, which our bureaucracy is much more inclined towards. And, of course, there will appear, as we usually do, the notorious corruption component.

And why not adopt the European experience? As they say, clean? Who would answer...

Tire recycling - what is it + process technology + business risks and complexities + step by step process plant opening + financial calculations.

Capital investments: 3,265,000 rubles
Payback period: approximately 1 year

Every year the number of car owners is increasing, so the problem of tire recycling is becoming more and more urgent.

Used wheels are simply thrown into a landfill, and as you know, rubber decomposes for about 150 years.

But the planet, unlike it, is “not rubber”, so such actions have a negative impact on the environment.

That is why tire recycling is not just a solution to an environmental problem, but also a great idea for starting a really useful business.

IN Lately one can notice such a trend - many do not want to start their own business due to the fact that many niches are already simply filled.

But in this case, the entrepreneur will have:

• minimum of competitors;
• access to cheap or even free raw materials;
• the opportunity to start a sought-after business.

Tire recycling: what is it?

According to statistics, only a fifth of the tires are sent for recycling.

The remaining tires are disposed of or continue to decompose in the ground in landfills.

As for tire recycling, it is carried out in four ways:

In the production of tires, various valuable polymers are used that can withstand enormous loads during the operation of the car.

Since during the use of car tires they chemical composition does not change, this means that they can be used for new production.

From one ton of tires you can get:

• 700 kg of rubber, which can be used for various purposes;
• 270 kg of soot and 450 kg of toxins that will enter the atmosphere.

Therefore, the choice is obvious: it is better to recycle used tires and get paid for it than just burn them, causing harm to the environment.

Based on the chosen method of tire recycling, you can get different products:

The process of converting tires into crumb rubber

So, the process consists of the following steps:

1. Tire preparation: For this, worn tires are visually inspected for unwanted parts.
2. Removal of unnecessary parts: extraction of nails, stones, splinters, bead wire.
3. Cutting tires into strips and further crushing them into pieces up to 4 mm in size.
4. The resulting parts are sent to a magnetic separator, where the remnants of the metal cord are removed.
5. The resulting rubber particles are ground to a state of crumbs with a size of 1 mm.

In the future, the resulting crumb can be converted into fuel / gas / fuel oil.

But such processing requires additional equipment and even more capital investment.

How to open a tire recycling plant: a step-by-step process

1. market analysis - study of competitors and business prospects;
2. business registration - choosing the organizational and legal form of the future enterprise and obtaining the necessary permits;
3. search for premises - a tire recycling shop must comply with sanitary and epidemiological and fire regulations;
4. selection of equipment - its purchase, installation and configuration;
5. recruitment of qualified personnel who will be able to work on the purchased equipment;
6. search for points of sale - conducting marketing research and searching for buyers;
7. financial plan - calculation of capital investments and income forecast;
8. identification of possible risks - assessment negative factors and looking for ways to minimize them.

Market analysis and business relevance

On the territory of many CIS countries there are no places for storing used tires, it is for this reason that not many people think about starting such a business.

Statistics show that the annual number of used tires tends to one million tons.

The increase in cars is about 5-7%, which confirms the constant increase in raw materials for processing.

Where to get raw materials?

It is possible to conclude contracts for the supply of used tires with enterprises that have cars on their balance sheet, as well as create tire collection points.

Thus, tire recycling is relevant because:

• decides environmental problem, and also reduces the area of ​​​​territories that are provided for the storage of used tires;
• creates a new product that other industries need.

Search for a place for production

The first step in implementing a business idea is to find a suitable space.

It should be large so that it can accommodate the production itself and warehouses for storing raw materials and finished products, as well as equip utility rooms for employees.

The room itself must comply with the following standards:

• an area of ​​at least 150-200 sq. m.;
• remoteness from the residential area - at least 300 meters. It is better to choose industrial zones that are located away from the city;
• availability of communications - electricity, water supply, sewerage, ventilation.

The room needs to be repaired in accordance with all the norms of the SES and the fire inspection.

Business registration

To do this, you can either LLC, after which you can not register with the tax authorities.

According to the Law of the Russian Federation “On Licensing Certain Types of Activities”, tire recycling does not need to be licensed, since it belongs to the V class of waste hazard.

But still, it is better to consult specialists on this issue, who will also help to collect all the necessary documents to obtain various permits.

After registering a business, it is necessary to obtain permits from the Sanitary and Epidemiological Station, the environmental and fire services.

Tire recycling equipment

Interesting fact:
Initially, tires for cars had a light shade, mostly white or beige. And the usual black color appeared already at the end of the nineteenth century, after manufacturers began to add carbon to the rubber base.

The most important step in starting a tire recycling business is purchasing the necessary equipment.

Firstly, this is the largest item of expenditure in capital investments, and secondly, the entire production process will depend on it.

To create a line for processing tires into crumb rubber, you need to purchase the following equipment:

The approximate cost of the production line varies from two to five million rubles.

Recruitment

The state looks like this:

Staff responsibilities include:

• Director - control over production process, administration activities;
• Sales manager- search for buyers and conclusion of trade deals with them;
• Accountant - maintaining and compiling reports;
• Shift supervisor - control and accounting of production, preparation of production reports;
• Operator - production, cleaning of the workplace;
• Loader - loading / unloading of raw materials and received products.

Tire recycling business financial plan

It should be noted that tire recycling requires a fairly large start-up capital, because in fact it will be a full-fledged production, which requires the purchase of serious and expensive equipment.

The capital investment for opening a tire recycling plant is:

To maintain a business, you need to invest in it every month (this includes fixed and variable costs):

The cost of the product received is:

• rubber crumb - 14,000 rubles / t;
• scrap metal - 6500 rubles / t;
• textile cord - 600 rubles / t.

As a result, you can get the following income:

From the data obtained, we can say that the business will pay off in about one year.

Where and how to sell?

As mentioned above, the range of application of crumb rubber is wide.

Potential buyers may include:

• for the production of rubber tiles or roofing;
• manufacturers of sports surfaces for training fields and playgrounds;
• tire manufacturers;
• shoe factories;
• plumbing manufacturers.

It is also worth paying attention to the fact that this industry is supported by the state, so to promote your business, you can contact local authorities that cooperate with manufacturers of sports equipment.

The video below shows the process of recycling tires into crumbs:

What risks and challenges can come with a tire recycling business?

Hardware failure

To minimize this risk, it is necessary to constantly check the equipment and maintain the production line stably, and replace damaged parts.

This also includes employee training and skills development.

Untimely deliveries of raw materials

Already at the stage of installation and adjustment of the production line, it is necessary to look for reliable suppliers and conclude long-term contracts with them.

Failures in the sale of finished products

Here, as well as the previous paragraph, it is necessary to conclude long-term contracts with buyers, which stipulate the delivery time and the quantity of products sold.

Improper storage of finished products

Rubber crumb is "afraid" of high humidity, so it is necessary to ensure dry air in warehouses.

Tire recycling is not just a relevant and promising, but also a demanded business, which, in addition to wealth will benefit the environment.

The main advantages of such production are the low cost of raw materials and a minimum of competitors.

These factors allow you to create a cost-effective and profitable business.

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There are over 1.1 billion in the world cars. The number of registered cars in Russia is about 46 million. This means that if trucks are added here, then about 5 billion tires run on the world's roads. The number of tires in the world's landfills is not exactly known. In Russia, according to various estimates, from 30 to 45 million tires are thrown away per year. There is no need to talk about the harm that such waste causes to the environment.

The issue of recycling and disposal of car tires is acute all over the world.

There is not a single country in which this problem is considered solved. In our country, according to various sources, from 8 to 12% of old tires and conveyor belts are recycled. These figures show that tire recycling as a business has a good future.

However, once you decide to run a rubber recycling business, you must choose your recycling method carefully and be aware of all the pitfalls of such a business. The choice of processing method, and, consequently, the direction of your investment, is very important. difficult task. Enterprises producing equipment for one or another processing method, naturally, praise their method and carefully hide its shortcomings. In this article, we will try to facilitate the task of choosing a processing method. Remember that there is no perfect method. All have flaws. Here are the main ways to recycle car tires:

• reuse by applying a new tread (in this case, the tires still need to be recycled after reuse);
• combustion for the purpose of obtaining thermal energy;
• heating without air access or with limited air access (pyrolysis);
• grinding to obtain crumb rubber, secondary metal and textile threads;
• burial and use for fortification coastline, installation of fences, etc. This method is prohibited in most countries, including Russia. We will not consider it.

We do not consider in this article the application of a new tread on worn tires (“welding”). This is a method to extend the life of tires, not to recycle them. Let's take a closer look at other methods. When evaluating recycling methods, you should have a basic knowledge of the composition of the tire material.

Tire material composition

The main components of tires are cord (metal, textile or mixed), rubber, filler (soot), auxiliary materials (thermal stabilizers, anti-ozonizers, etc.), adhesives (contain polychlorinated hydrocarbons and some other materials in small quantities. Except for metal cord (and this is a steel wire coated with brass - an alloy of copper and zinc), then the composition of the tires includes: hydrocarbons (rubber, etc.), carbon (soot), silicon dioxide, sulfur (a vulcanizing agent in rubber and as part of other components), polychlorides (as part of adhesives) and some other components in small quantities.Contrary to popular belief about the presence of arsenic in the composition of tires, it is not there.Heavy metals are also absent (except for a small amount of copper and zinc on the surface of the metal cord). Lead is also not used in modern tires. All these components undergo changes during the processing of tires and form new substances, many of which are more dangerous than the original ones. Now let's look at the advantages and disadvantages of various tire recycling methods.

Burning tires to generate thermal energy

The method seems attractive. Therefore, it is worth talking about it in more detail.

Burning one ton of tires gives about the same amount of thermal energy as one ton of thermal coal.

What is the problem? First, tires cannot be burned in conventional thermal power plants. You need special equipment and preparation of raw materials. Secondly, when sulfur is burned, it forms a large number of sulfur dioxide (sulphurous gas). This requires a special cleaning installation. The problem is solved, but the equipment is very expensive. Thirdly, polychlorides at an insufficient combustion temperature form one of the most hazardous substances- dioxin. The available international experience shows that such a method has the right to life only when processing very large quantities (more than 100 tons) per day, requires huge investments and is profitable only in case of subsidies (financial support) from the state.

Read also: Production of skimmed milk powder

Tire pyrolysis

The process is heating the material to 400–500 degrees without access to oxygen (air). This produces pyrolysis gas, liquid hydrocarbon fraction, soot and steel cord waste. You can find an excellent product calculation. For example, from 1 ton of tires you can get 500 kg of liquid hydrocarbon fraction (fuel and even gasoline!), 200 kg of gas (used to heat the reactor and save fuel), 200 kg of carbon black and 100 kg of metal. What is the problem? Ask yourself the question, where does sulfur disappear if it contains up to 10% and silicon dioxide. Very simple. Most of the sulfur turns into hydrogen sulfide (the strongest poison, a substance of hazard class 1), which is contained in pyrolysis gases. Another part of the sulfur forms carbon disulfide and other compounds that go into the liquid fraction. And, finally, in the residue, which is bashfully called technical carbon, there are metal sulfides (mainly sodium and calcium). Where did the silicon dioxide disappear - in the remainder. The fate of polychlorides is even more difficult. Some of them pass into the residue, some form hydrogen chloride (not a gift!), And some form dioxins, which can be found in all products. This "carbon black" will not be used by any responsible consumer. You can't bury it either. Having recycled tires in this way, we will create a bunch of new problems. These problems are solved, but require large capital investments, which calls into question the profitability of this method without the help of the state.

Grinding tires in order to obtain crumb rubber

The essence of the method is very simple. Tires are shredded. In this case, three products are formed - metal, rubber crumb (we will consider the directions of its use below) and textile cord waste.

With such processing, there are practically no chemical changes (no new toxic waste is formed).

This is the main advantage of the method. What are the problems? It is very difficult to separate textile threads from crumb rubber and the textile material thus obtained is practically new waste. We will show below how to solve this problem. But on early stages it is better to recycle pure steel cord tires. This will significantly reduce capital costs. The key issues in building a mini tire recycling plant are the following issues.

1. Selecting a location for production. Construction or use of existing facilities.
2. Selection, purchase and installation of equipment.
3. Obtaining a license for processing.
4. Formation of reliable channels for obtaining raw materials and marketing finished products.

Let's consider everything in order.

Production site and buildings

Even a mini tire recycling plant requires a fairly large site. Most of the production site will be occupied by a warehouse of raw materials (tires) and finished products. The tire recycling line takes enough large area– 150–300 m2. This is best clarified after choosing the equipment. The height of the building (or hangar) is 5–6 meters. The production site should be sufficiently removed from the residential area. Minimum distance 200-500 m. The best place- industrial zone. During tire recycling, the material heats up quite strongly and releases volatiles with a specific smell. Local ventilation is required. It is necessary to provide special absorption cartridges as part of the ventilation equipment. They are produced industrially.

Tire crumb recycling equipment

For processing tires into crumbs, the price of equipment is not prohibitive. However, the cost of a set of equipment of 10–15 million rubles should be considered minimal. The choice of equipment for processing tires into crumbs is quite wide. There are lines of Russian production and import. When choosing equipment, do not pay too much attention to brands.

Tire recycling line

If possible, visit an already existing production facility and hear all about the problems of this production facility. When buying equipment, it is better to focus on complete lines, however, some components can be used or purchased separately. Here is the minimum equipment list:

• shredders (shredder, hydraulic shears, tape cutter);
• separators (air and magnetic);
• conveyors;
• vibrating screens.