Recycling of tires and tires

Almost every car owner had to change tires, since this important element The car is highly subject to wear and tear and has a certain period of use.Old and worn - after replacement, they must be disposed of, and this must be done in a special way. For example, they are used to make crumb rubber, which is an excellent coating for sports complexes and playgrounds.

They must be handed over to specialized companies that will process and dispose of them in accordance with environmental safety standards, including those licensed to handle hazardous waste.

Prices for accepting tires for recycling.

Our company offers tire recycling services at an affordable price. We carry out a whole range of work:

• Removal of waste car tires from the customer's premises;
• Control weighing of tires and tires handed over for recycling (the total cost of the order will depend on the final weight);
• Consulting clients on all issues;
• Destruction by grinding them - the result is fine rubber crumbs, which can later be used usefully (for example, to create rubber coverings for sports stadiums, etc.). Rubber tires are crushed using special equipment under the supervision of qualified experienced specialists. We guarantee the safety of all work;
• Sales of tire recycling products;

The price for recycling car tires is set per 1 ton. Weighing can be done in the presence of the customer in order to ensure transparent pricing and avoid overpayments.

It is profitable and convenient to hand over used tires to Ecology 24 LLC. We carry out work promptly, follow all safety regulations when carrying out work, and provide clients with everything Required documents- Act. The cost of our organization’s services is affordable and attractive.

Disposal of tires and tires is an extremely important process for protecting the environment and public health. It is important that every person in our country understands the need to recycle rubber products. Read our article on how to recycle tires and where to recycle rubber.

In order to understand why tire recycling is necessary, you need to consider their composition.

In the production of modern car tires, synthetic and natural rubbers, carbon black, and resin impurities are used. It has been established that when these rubber products wear out, their smallest particles can penetrate the human body, causing diseases:

• bronchial asthma;
• allergies;
• oncology, etc.

Note! Besides negative influence on the human body, car tires have a negative impact on the natural environment.

It takes about 100 years for tires and other rubber products to decompose, since they practically do not decompose biologically. At the same time, they highlight a large number of harmful substances into the environment. In addition, when tires catch fire, they become sources of toxic compounds that are dangerous to human health and the lives of living beings. On the land where the rubber burned, not a single blade of grass will grow for 10 years. Also, used rubber products are a “paradise” for rodents and insects that carry various infections.

However, despite the potential danger, the scale of landfills of old tires and rubber tires is only increasing in our country and already amounts to thousands square kilometers. Although many people know that tires, due to their chemical composition can be used as recycled materials in the production of new products and materials.

Important! It will help to ensure the protection of the environment from the negative influence of rubber products and the preservation of natural resources. proper disposal. This is why tires and car tires need to be recycled.

Tire Recycling Law

Information on this issue is contained in 89-FZ “On Industrial and Consumption Waste”. In 2015, changes were made to the law on tire recycling, according to which manufacturers and importers of these rubber products must mandatory dispose of used tires. Moreover, their annual volume is established by the state through the introduction of regulatory recycling indicators. Such standards are calculated as a percentage of the total number of products produced per year. Thus, tire manufacturers in 2016 and 2017 should and will have to dispose of products in accordance with established standards: 15% and 20%, respectively.

Waste class

End-of-life rubber products, including tires and car tires, are waste hazard class IV, established in accordance with Russian legislation. Although this type of waste belongs to the low-hazard category, it still needs to be properly disposed of for the good reasons described earlier. However, in Russia, automotive rubber products are usually disposed of in landfills, landfills and incineration.

Tire disposal methods

Recycling of car tires and other rubber products is a process for which the most rational methods today are mechanical processing into crumbs and cryogenic processing.

In the first case, the following are carried out:

1. Preparation for crushing: separating the steel cord, cutting the product into pieces.
2. Crushing into crumbs (usually occurs in 2 stages).
3. Sorting factions.

The process uses basic tire recycling equipment such as a guillotine, shredder or crusher.

In the second method, the first stage is the same as in the mechanical crushing method. The following steps follow:

1. Loading prepared rubber materials into a cryogenic chamber with liquid nitrogen.
2. Hardening of the material (temperature -110 o C).
3. Grinding hardened rubber with a pneumatic or steam-air hammer.
4. Sorting of crushed metal, textile and rubber components, additional crushing of rubber into crumbs.

Also, with any recycling method, tires must be washed before disposal.

How to recycle at home

Recycling tires with your own hands is an extremely complex process that requires a significant amount of effort. You can only grind pre-prepared rubber into smaller fractions using a certain tool. Further processing of crumbs at home is hardly possible. And using it as a fuel for heating rooms is extremely undesirable from an environmental point of view.

You can get rid of used tires by using them as, for example, decoration for summer cottage: “rubber” flower beds and other crafts made from waste rubber. However this method getting rid of old tires does not solve the issue of proper and environmentally friendly safe disposal rubber products.

Disposal of other rubber products

Rubber recycling, in addition to tires and tires, includes the processing of a number of other rubber-containing products and materials. Acceptance of rubber for recycling involves the acceptance of hoses, drive belts, transport conveyor belts, old workwear, shoes, etc. This type of rubber reception is carried out by specialized companies that can both independently process rubber products (using the methods described earlier) and send them to the plant for use as recyclable materials.

Where to recycle tires for money

Is it possible to recycle tires for money? Some companies accept tires and accept tires by paying their owners a certain (small) amount of money. However, in most cases in our cities, it is the owner of the products who will have to pay money to hand over old tires for recycling. Where to donate tires? You can hand over rubber waste to special collection points, or you can bring it directly to the recycling company itself. As a rule, such companies recycle truck tires, car tires, tires and other rubber-containing products.

The dangers of tires, the importance of recycling them, methods of disposal and the problems associated with this are discussed in the following short video

Recycling of tires and tires is a poorly developed industry in Russia. However, its development is necessary today. After all, this is not only an activity that allows us to protect the environment and our health, but also promising business which helps preserve Natural resources, creating secondary raw materials useful for industry.

Little of. Every year, about 80 million new tires are thrown into circulation on the axles of new cars, from the warehouses of tire factories - about a million tons! Who, after three or four years, will be “groomed” and abandoned. Anywhere. Despite existing but poorly functioning bans on unauthorized waste disposal. Including tires...

Most so-called civilized countries have already moved away from such a ruthless “interaction” with the environment. This also applies to worn tires. In any case, in European countries, where since 1999 an EU directive has prohibited the disposal of whole or cut used tires, and a 2008 directive defines the principles of waste management in the interests of preserving environment. What about in Russia? There is a non-working the federal law 1998 “On production and consumption waste.” There are amendments to it, lying under the carpet in the government of the country. All!

Meanwhile, one of the leaders in global tire production, Finnish Nokian Tires, a company that is familiar with the problem first-hand, also took part in the development of amendments to the law that were stalled in the White House. After all, the basis of the European tire recycling model is the principle of “producer responsibility”. And exactly three northern countries— Finland, Sweden and Norway, where they are especially sensitive to the fragile and easily vulnerable Nordic environment, became the champions of civilized tire recycling in Europe back in 1993.

Recycling must be transparent

What is the main thing in the Finnish tire recycling model? Firstly, as a non-profit (!) institution, it is absolutely transparent, like the water in thousands of Finnish lakes, although through it “ vascular system» a substantial financial flow flows in and out. Secondly, the state has not invested and is not investing a single euro or a cent into it, and therefore the matter of recycling in Finnish style is not stuck in bureaucratic networks. Thirdly, it is efficient - 100% of used tires are collected throughout the country, 120% (an increase due to the extraction of tires from old deposits) is either processed into secondary raw materials or used to generate electricity.

Risto Tuominen, a large, energetic man, charged with active life position in his very troublesome business, he is the executive director of the non-profit Finnish recycling company (Suomen Rengaskierratys Oy). Apart from him, there is only... one employee in the “office”. But it is they who manage this entire complex, but working like a clock, recycling mechanism. The founders and owners of the company are global tire brands operating in the country - Bridgestone, Continental, Goodyear, Nokian, Michelin, ARL. The system involves 289 tire manufacturers, importers, wholesalers, scrap car recyclers, 2,535 used tire collection points, 245 containers and two commercial operating companies (selected by tender) that organize tire collection, transportation, storage and disposal.

Tire tax

And who pays? That's right, buyer! On average, the price of a passenger car tire in Finland also includes 1.75 euros for recycling + 24% VAT on this amount. A Finnish car owner also pays this fee when he buys a new car. Tire sellers, as well as their manufacturers/importers, strictly account for this recycling fee on each tire, which goes entirely into Risto Tuominen's safe, and he already pays for the work of the operators. By the way, due to growing sales revenue secondary resources, obtained from recycling tires, Tuominen reduces the amount of recycling fees paid by customers. Characteristically: refusal to submit an application to the register of tire manufacturers/importers is punishable by a fine of 500 to 500,000 euros, “underground” import and sale of tires - from 500 to 10,000 euros. What's the net remainder? Finns don’t have headaches about what to do with a worn-out tire; the state has no problems with disposal old rubber, Finnish society has one less problem related to environmental protection.

But “killing” an old tire is half the battle. The technology has already been developed, mobile mechanized columns have been created, roaming from landfill to landfill, deftly and quickly removing wheels, steel cords from tires, cutting rubber into pieces and chips of various sizes, right down to rubber crumbs (depending on how this raw material will be used further ). It is especially important that the Scandinavians have learned to obtain considerable commercial benefits from used rubber.

What can be made from old rubber

Thus, cement manufacturers using the dry method have mastered burning in furnaces not gas or fuel oil, but chips from used tires - it turned out to be much cheaper, and the rubber burns completely, even without ash. Recycled used tires are used to make construction materials expressways; noise barriers; preparing the basis for new landfills when they close the old ones; used in the construction of sports fields and playgrounds, riding arenas. Projects are being developed to use secondary resources obtained from recycling tires for water purification (rubber crumbs remove a third of the fluorine and half of the nitrogen contained in it from water), restoration of old peat areas and needlessly drained swamps; in the fight against vibration of railway tracks....

In general, in Europe, the evolution of the tire recycling process led from 1996 to 2010 to the fact that the disposal of old tires decreased (in percentage) from 49 to 4, the receipt of secondary energy increased from 20 to 40, the receipt of secondary resources from 11 to 38, and the retreading of old heavy-duty tires decreased from 12 to 9. By the way, Risto Tuominen’s company subsidizes research work and technological developments related to the recycling of tires and the search for new opportunities for them reuse, including R&D on a project to increase the service life of summer tires to 6.15 years, winter tires to 6.37 years, which is beneficial for both the buyer and the recycler.

...But let's return to Russian realities. The main thing that is alarming is not only that there is again a delay at the government level in the adoption of new recycling legislation. And it’s not even that the recycling of tires is not decided by a separate law, but in conjunction with long list other industrial and household waste (European experience is not a decree for us; we are not interested in transparency of the process). And the fact is that the state itself intends to accumulate the tire recycling fee, which will then issue funds for recycling. And that means, we know from experience, games with this new “tire” tax will be opaque, with various subterfuges and tricks that our bureaucracy is capable of. And, of course, the notorious corruption component will appear, as is usual with us.

Why not adopt European experience? As they say, clean? Who would answer...

There are more than 1.1 billion people in the world passenger cars. The number of registered cars in Russia is about 46 million. This means that if we add trucks, then there are about 5 billion tires running on the roads of the world. The number of tires in landfills around the world is unknown. In Russia, according to various estimates, from 30 to 45 million tires are thrown away per year. There is no need to talk about the harm that such waste causes to the environment.

The issue of recycling and disposal of car tires is acute throughout the world.

There is not a single country in which this problem is considered solved. In our country, according to various sources, from 8 to 12% of old tires and conveyor belts are recycled. These figures indicate that tire recycling as a business has good prospects.

However, having decided to run a rubber processing business, you must carefully choose the processing method and imagine all the pitfalls of such a business. The choice of processing method, and therefore the direction of your investment, is a very difficult task. Enterprises that produce equipment for one or another processing method naturally praise their method and carefully hide its shortcomings. In this article we will try to make the task of choosing a processing method easier. Remember that there is no perfect method. Everyone has flaws. Here are the main ways to recycle car tires:

• reuse by applying a new tread (in this case, after reuse, the tire still needs to be recycled);
• combustion to produce thermal energy;
• heating without air access or with limited air access (pyrolysis);
• grinding to produce crumb rubber, recycled metal and textile threads;
• burial and use for strengthening coastline, installation of fences, etc. This method is prohibited in most countries, including Russia. We will not consider it.

We do not consider in this article applying new tread to worn tires (“welding”). This is a method of extending the life of tires rather than recycling them. But let's look at other methods in more detail. When evaluating recycling options, you should have a basic knowledge of the tire material composition.

Tire material composition

The main components of tires are cord (metal, textile or mixed), rubber, filler (soot), auxiliary materials (thermal stabilizers, anti-ozonators, etc.), adhesives (contain polychlorinated hydrocarbons and some other materials in small quantities. If we do not consider metal cord (which is a steel wire coated with brass - an alloy of copper and zinc), then the composition of the tires includes: hydrocarbons (rubber, etc.), carbon (soot), silicon dioxide, sulfur (vulcanizing agent in rubber and other components), polychlorides (in adhesives) and some other components in small quantities. Contrary to popular belief about the presence of arsenic in tires, it is not there. Heavy metals are also absent (except for a small amount of copper and zinc on the surface of the steel cord). Lead is also not used in modern tires. All these components undergo changes during tire processing and form new substances, many of which are more dangerous than the original ones. Now let's look at the advantages and disadvantages of various tire recycling methods.

Burning tires to produce thermal energy

The method seems attractive. Therefore, it is worth talking about it in more detail.

Burning one ton of tires produces approximately the same amount of thermal energy as one ton of thermal coal.

What is the problem? Firstly, tires cannot be burned in conventional thermal power plants. You need special equipment and preparation of raw materials. Secondly, when sulfur is burned, it produces large amounts of sulfur dioxide (sulfur dioxide). This requires a special cleaning installation. The problem is being solved, but the equipment is very expensive. Thirdly, polychlorides at insufficient combustion temperatures form one of the most hazardous substances– dioxin. Available international experience indicates that this method has the right to life only when processing very large quantities (more than 100 tons) per day, requires huge capital investments and is profitable only in the case of subsidies (financial support) from the state.

Read also: Production of skimmed milk powder

Tire pyrolysis

The process involves heating the material to 400–500 degrees without access to oxygen (air). This produces pyrolysis gas, a liquid hydrocarbon fraction, soot and steel cord waste. You can find excellent product costing. For example, from 1 ton of tires you can get 500 kg of liquid hydrocarbon fraction (fuel and even gasoline!), 200 kg of gas (used to heat the reactor and save fuel), 200 kg of carbon black and 100 kg of metal. What's the problem? Ask yourself a question: where does sulfur disappear if it contains up to 10% silicon dioxide? Very simple. Most of the sulfur turns into hydrogen sulfide (the strongest poison, a substance of hazard class 1), which is contained in pyrolysis gases. The other part of the sulfur forms carbon disulfide and other compounds, which go into the liquid fraction. And finally, the residue, which is bashfully called carbon black, contains metal sulfides (mainly sodium and calcium). Where did the silicon dioxide disappear - into the residue. The fate of polychlorides is even more complex. Some of them go into the residue, some form hydrogen chloride (not a gift!), and some form dioxins, which can be found in all products. This “carbon black” will not be used by any responsible consumer. You can't bury it either. By recycling tires in this way, we will create a bunch of new problems. These problems can be solved, but require large capital investments, which calls into question the profitability of this method without government assistance.

Grinding tires to obtain rubber crumbs

The essence of the method is very simple. Tires are shredded. In this case, three products are formed - metal, crumb rubber (we will consider the directions of its use below) and textile cord waste.

With such processing, virtually no chemical changes occur (no new toxic waste is generated).

This is the main advantage of the method. What are the problems? It is very difficult to separate textile threads and the resulting textile material from crumb rubber - it is practically new waste. We will further show how this problem can be solved. But on initial stages It’s better to recycle pure steel cord tires. This will significantly reduce capital costs. The key problems when constructing a mini-tire recycling plant are the following problems.

1. Choosing a location for production. Construction or use of existing structures.
2. Selection, purchase and installation of equipment.
3. Obtaining a processing license.
4. Formation of reliable channels for obtaining raw materials and sales finished products.

Let's look at everything in order.

Production site and buildings

Even a mini-tire recycling plant requires a fairly large site. Most of the production site will be occupied by a warehouse for raw materials (tires) and finished products. Tire recycling line takes up enough large area– 150–300 m2. It is better to clarify this after choosing the equipment. The height of the building (or hangar) is 5–6 meters. The production site must be sufficiently remote from residential buildings. Minimum distance 200-500 m. The best place– industrial zone. When recycling tires, the material becomes quite hot and emits volatiles with a specific smell. Local ventilation is required. It is necessary to provide special absorption cartridges as part of the ventilation equipment. They are produced industrially.

Equipment for processing tires into crumbs

For processing tires into crumbs, the price of equipment is not prohibitive. However, the cost of a set of equipment of 10–15 million rubles should be considered minimal. The choice of equipment for processing tires into crumbs is quite wide. There are Russian-made and imported lines. When choosing equipment, don’t pay too much attention to brands.

Tire recycling line

If possible, visit an existing production facility and listen to all about the problems of this production. When purchasing equipment, it is better to focus on complete lines, but some components can be used or purchased separately. Here is the minimum list of equipment:

• shredders (shredder, hydraulic shears, tape cutter);
• separators (air and magnetic);
• conveyors;
• vibrating screens