Gastritis in pregnant women treatment. Gastritis during pregnancy: symptoms and treatment. Traditional methods of treating gastritis

Gastritis during pregnancy is considered quite common. Firstly, very often at this time a woman’s existing chronic diseases worsen. Of course, it would be advisable to get your health in order even at the stage of family planning. But the fact is that gastritis is still not completely curable. If it has already become chronic, then the maximum that can be done is to maintain it in remission for a long time.

But for pregnant women, exacerbation of gastritis cannot be ruled out, since the expectant mother’s body is very vulnerable. Therefore, it is important to know what can trigger an attack, how to eliminate risk factors and how to treat this disease if it could not be prevented.

Causes of exacerbation of gastritis

During pregnancy, signs of gastritis can appear due to many reasons. At an early stage, this may be associated with toxicosis; a negative role is played by severe stress(and in this situation all emotions become much more pronounced due to hormonal imbalance). In addition, not all expectant mothers follow doctors' recommendations regarding proper nutrition; many continue to eat refined fats and fast carbohydrates. And besides, during pregnancy, immunity decreases and the body becomes more vulnerable to bacterial infection or fungal infection. But gastritis is caused precisely by special kind bacteria.

But with gastritis of the autoimmune type, symptoms appear due to the fact that over time the synthesis of pepsin with hydrochloric acid decreases in the body. In addition, this disease is associated with the development of a special type of anemia, in which the body lacks vitamin B12.

You should not discount other reasons - problems with metabolism, hypovitaminosis due to the fact that the fetus requires more and more nutrients, duodenogastric reflux, in which the contents of the stomach are thrown back into the esophagus, and this happens not only with elevated physical activity, but also when the growing fetus puts pressure on internal organs.

Symptoms of gastritis during pregnancy

In the first trimester, symptoms of gastritis may not be noticeable. After all, toxicosis passes differently for each woman; it happens that it lasts 14–17 weeks and is accompanied by severe vomiting, and it can be triggered by a completely ordinary smell or even a change in body position after sleep. It is simply not possible to notice any discomfort or other similar symptoms of gastritis. It can only be said that toxicosis is particularly pronounced. By the way, it is often not toxicosis that provokes gastritis, but on the contrary - the disease already existed, only in remission, but it worsened due to metabolic disorders during pregnancy and took the form of morning sickness.

During this period, a serious restructuring of the body occurs. You could even say that the internal organs move a little to make room for the growing fetus. Because of this, acid enters the esophageal canal, irritates the mucous membrane and results in a vicious circle. Although this does not harm the baby, it does have a negative impact on the mother's health.

So, gastritis can be detected in the acute stage. If this is a chronic type of pathology, then its symptoms are not so pronounced. In addition, this disease manifests itself differently in each person. For example, the most common signs of gastritis are pain in the epigastric region (it occurs when there is an increase in the level of acidity of the stomach), belching, nausea and vomiting, as well as digestive disorders, which can be expressed in both regular constipation and frequent diarrhea. Sometimes pain is observed around the navel or on the right under the rib.

With gastritis, pain intensifies after fatty, spicy or sweet foods, but in some cases they can occur even at night, although it would seem that the person has not eaten anything. In general, if such sensations occur, it is better to immediately consult a doctor to rule out other possible complications. All of the above symptoms, except for pain in the epigastric region, can also be observed during a normal pregnancy.

How to treat gastritis while pregnant: proper nutrition

Pregnant women often cannot take medications at all. The doctor may prescribe some medications, provided that the benefit from them outweighs the potential harm to the fetus. So diet remains the only effective method. Moreover, folk remedies, most of which are based on the action of medicinal herbs, can be dangerous when carrying a baby.

Dietary nutrition during pregnancy is not just about refusing some foods and including their safe substitutes in the diet. You need to adhere to certain principles:

1. Fractional meals, that is, in small portions and 5-6 times a day.
2. Compliance with certain restrictions, which are expressed in the refusal of fried, spicy, fatty foods and spices - that is, anything that could irritate the gastric mucosa.
3. Reducing sweets in the diet. There is no need to completely abandon them - one marshmallow or marmalade will not hurt, but chocolate will have to be eliminated completely.
4. Including milk soups and whole grain porridges in the diet, which need to be boiled as much as possible so that the stomach can cope with them more easily.

Dietary food for gastritis

Any gastroenterologist can tell you how to eat with gastritis. Moreover, treatment tables at various pathologies internal organs were developed a long time ago. So, for gastritis, you can use the recommendations contained in the so-called treatment table No. 1, developed by M.I. Pevzner.

The diet in this case pursues two goals at once - on the one hand, it is necessary that future mom received all the necessary nutrients. On the other hand, nutrition should be gentle so as not to put too much strain on the stomach. And what the acidity of the environment will be plays a role important role in choosing the right diet.

So, with increased acidity, you should try to eat less foods that could release acid. And with low acidity, on the contrary, they eat foods that simulate the production of hydrochloric acid.

Allowed products, even with elevated acidity levels, include those that do not affect the production of gastric juice. This:

1. Bread, but only slightly dried in a toaster, or yesterday's loaf, you can eat crackers and dry biscuits without herbs and spices.
2. You can eat meat and fish, but only dietary varieties, especially since you can prepare many different dishes from them.
3. Dairy products include low-fat cottage cheese, cream, and various yoghurts, since expectant mothers often lack calcium. In addition, such products act as antacids, that is, they remove harmful substances accumulated in the body.
4. Vegetables, cooked and pureed. It is advisable to eat seasonal fruits. These can be: potatoes, carrots, beets, and peeled tomatoes. But white cabbage can worsen the situation with flatulence during pregnancy. It is advised to replace it with broccoli, but not to get too carried away with it.
5. You can eat fruits, but only those that do not contain coarse fibers - bananas and pre-baked apples.

Recommended drinks include berry fruit drinks, jelly, and compotes. It is allowed to drink vegetable and fruit juices, but only freshly squeezed ones. This could be carrot or potato juice, as they also help remove harmful substances. But you will have to forget about coffee for a long time.

For gastritis with low acidity, rich soups, including meat broths, will be allowed (and even recommended). You can eat any sweet and sour fruit, drink juices, eat canned vegetables, but only in limited quantities, the less vinegar in them, the better. In addition, with low acidity, drink mineral table water, but only without gas (during pregnancy, this is done only after consultation with a doctor). It is better to avoid whole milk products and replace them with fermented milk.

Possible drug treatment

Theoretically, gastritis can still be treated with medications, but only if it is accompanied by high acidity. Then the doctor may prescribe the drug Maalox. It has an antacid effect, that is, it neutralizes hydrochloric acid, which is part of the gastric juice. Take it in the form of tablets or suspension, in the dosage prescribed by the doctor, about an hour after meals.

Sometimes doctors prescribe a drug such as the adsorbent drug Attapulgite. During pregnancy and lactation, it is used with caution, but women in this position can still drink it. This drug forms a thin film on the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract, which performs several functions at once. On the one hand, it protects and soothes the irritated mucous membrane, on the other hand, it helps to adsorb toxins, pathogenic microflora, etc. Gradually, this film moves towards the end of the digestive canal, and then it is removed from the body - along with what it managed to pull out . Thanks to this, Attapulgite reduces the manifestations of toxicosis, helps normalize stool, and has an astringent effect.

Doctors may prescribe other medications, including those that have an antispasmodic effect. But this is usually done if there is pain.

In addition, a healthy diet, even the most balanced, does not always provide the opportunity to obtain the necessary substances. In such cases, it is necessary to take vitamin complexes. The list of specific vitamins is determined in each individual case. For example, there are forms of gastritis in which it is necessary to take individual B vitamins, as well as PP, ascorbic acid and retinol. They are mostly found in fruits and vegetables. But B vitamins are usually present only in fairly high-calorie foods, including brown bread, which expectant mothers should not eat because it causes increased flatulence. Therefore, doctors advise getting vitamins not through food, but from ready-made complexes that are sold in pharmacies, strictly following the prescribed dosage.

Physiotherapeutic methods

If gastritis is observed during pregnancy, treatment does not necessarily have to be limited to diet and taking drugs from the group of antacids. There are no less effective physiotherapeutic methods. Some people think that such treatment comes down to acupuncture only. But in reality this is not the case, and acupuncture is not the safest method during pregnancy.

This also applies to a number of other procedures. For example, electrophoresis, which is the transportation of a prescribed drug directly to the area of ​​​​the disorder. During pregnancy, this method is used with caution, since no one has conducted large enough studies that would help identify all possible consequences. However, it is believed that it is better not to use it in the presence of late toxicosis, accompanied by severe vomiting, and for situations where there is chronic kidney disease. But magnetic therapy is considered a safer option, although it also has its limitations.

Gastritis is one of the most insidious and common gastrointestinal diseases, which affects all age groups of patients, as well as pregnant women. According to statistics, more than 70% of expectant mothers have experienced acute manifestations of the disease or have chronic gastritis, which makes itself known during pregnancy. What to do if a pregnant woman is diagnosed with gastritis, how to treat the disease?

Gastritis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the inner walls of the stomach, which is accompanied by impaired production of gastric juice and leads to malfunctions. digestive organ. Gastritis can have an acute or chronic form and occur in different ways. Despite the fact that gastritis during pregnancy is not a serious pathology and does not threaten the fetus, the disease causes severe discomfort to the mother, who feels pain, heaviness in the stomach, and if left untreated, her health deteriorates sharply. The chronic form of gastritis can cause ulcers or stomach tumors, which is why it is so important to recognize it and begin treatment.

It is during pregnancy that a woman may encounter this disease for the first time, since pregnancy is stress for the whole organism, which, adapting to new conditions, begins to function in double mode and all organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, become more vulnerable and sensitive to everything negative influences.

Gastritis during pregnancy: causes

In most cases, the cause of gastritis is " interesting position“is an exacerbation of a chronic disease of the gastric mucosa, which was previously observed in a woman. According to statistics, this is 75% of all cases of the disease.

There are two types of gastritis:

• Type A: Gastritis caused by the progressive development of atrophic processes in the walls of the stomach. Autoimmune damage to organ cells.
• Type B. The disease begins to develop after the opportunistic bacterium Helicobacter pylori enters the stomach, which a woman can become infected with through household contact both before and after conception. If before pregnancy the disease did not manifest itself in any way and did not bother the woman, then after hormonal changes during pregnancy, gastritis worsens and gets worse. Gastritis of the second type is much more common and requires treatment. Hormonal changes and weakening of the immune system that accompany pregnancy provoke an exacerbation of chronic gastritis.

To know exactly what type of gastritis you have, you need to visit a gastroenterologist. It is strictly not recommended to diagnose yourself. Incorrect treatment can lead to complications.

Factors that contribute to exacerbation of gastritis during pregnancy

1. Improper and unbalanced nutrition. At risk are pregnant women who abuse foods high in refined carbohydrates and preservatives. It is dangerous to consume foods that contain harmful dyes, flavors and stabilizers.
2. Insufficient protein and vitamin content in the diet.
3. Frequent overeating, eating on the go, at night and dry, as well as insufficient chewing of food can cause exacerbation of gastritis.
4. Iron deficiency in the body.
5. A large number of fatty, spicy foods in the diet. Too hot food contributes to the exacerbation of the disease.
6. Stress, nervous tension, anxiety.
7. Presence in a pregnant woman infectious disease in a chronic form.
8. Hereditary predisposition.

It is worth noting that most of the factors that provoke the development and exacerbation of chronic gastritis are associated with poor nutrition and non-compliance with the daily routine.

Symptoms of gastritis during pregnancy

The manifestations of gastritis are varied: in some cases, the symptoms of the disease do not appear immediately, in others - instantly, it depends on the type of gastritis and its form.

The most widespread chronic form of gastritis, the cause of which is damage to the gastric mucosa by a microorganism - Helicobacter pylori. The bacterium has a detrimental effect and damages the internal walls of the stomach, disrupting the production of gastric juice and the functioning of the organ.

Chronic gastritis during pregnancy does not have characteristic symptoms, so it is quite difficult to diagnose. Some manifestations of the disease can be mistaken for manifestations of toxicosis, especially in the first trimester. A pregnant woman may feel:

• Slight relaxation of stool, flatulence.
• Heartburn, nausea, belching.
• Pain and discomfort in the epigastric region.
• Characterized by frequent fatigue, increased excitability, fatigue from physical exertion.

In chronic gastritis, it is important to establish the level of acidity of gastric juice; the course of the symptoms of the disease and subsequent treatment of gastritis depend on this.

Symptoms of gastritis with high acidity:

• Periodic pain in the upper abdomen, in the epigastric region, in the right hypochondrium. Occurs immediately after administration certain food, less often may appear on an empty stomach or at night.
• Heartburn, sour belching, stool upset.

Symptoms of gastritis with low acidity:

With low acidity, when hydrochloric acid is produced in smaller quantities, pain in the stomach area is less pronounced. Obvious signs of the disease: nausea, vomiting, unpleasant rumbling in the stomach, a feeling of heaviness in the stomach, flatulence, general malaise and weakness.

Symptoms of acute gastritis during pregnancy

• The acute form of gastritis begins suddenly, with sharp pain in the stomach.
• In addition to a severe attack of pain, the pregnant woman feels general weakness, vomiting, nausea and dizziness are possible.
• Changes in the color of the tongue occur; it becomes covered with a yellow or grayish coating.
• With increased acidity, gastritis is manifested by severe heartburn, which worsens after eating sweet or sour foods, belching, and stool upset.
• Stomach pain appears on an empty stomach. If the secretion of gastric juice production is reduced, the pregnant woman feels weakness, nausea, unpleasant rumbling in the stomach, belching and a specific smell from the mouth, flatulence.

Acute gastritis of the stomach during pregnancy can be provoked by taking medications, products that irritate the mucous membrane of the stomach walls, or prolonged nervous tension in which the pregnant woman is.

How to diagnose gastritis during pregnancy

At the first suspicion of the presence of the disease and its obvious symptoms, consultation with a doctor is necessary. The insidiousness of gastritis is that many of the symptoms of the disease are similar to other gastrointestinal diseases and resemble the manifestations of toxicosis during pregnancy, so many expectant mothers are in no hurry to visit a doctor, but try to deal with nausea or heartburn on their own. Diagnosis of gastritis consists of the following activities:

• Biochemical analysis of the patient's blood, stool, and urine.
• Endoscopy is the collection of digestive fluid from the stomach by probing. This diagnosis allows you to determine the nature of acidity and continue proper further treatment of the disease.
• Palpation is a method that allows you to determine the affected areas of the gastric mucosa.
• Ultrasound of the gastrointestinal tract, which allows you to assess their condition.

How to treat gastritis during pregnancy: treatment methods

Treatment of gastritis is a long and troublesome process that requires strict compliance with all instructions and recommendations of the attending physician. It is especially important to pay attention to diet and nutrition, as well as to exclude all stress factors that can re-provoke exacerbation of gastritis. Before starting treatment, be sure to undergo all examinations and determine the form of gastritis, on which subsequent therapy will depend.

For pregnant women who belong to a special category of patients, endoscopy is prescribed in in rare cases, since swallowing a probe is a rather unpleasant procedure

Proper nutrition for gastritis in pregnant women: diet

If a pregnant woman has worsened gastritis, especially in the early stages of pregnancy, which is accompanied by toxicosis, she is first prescribed a special diet. If a woman feels weak, unwell, or the disease progresses with complications, she is recommended to rest in bed and rest. Meals for gastritis should be fractional, the number of meals from 5 to 6 times a day. In the first days of a diet for gastritis, the consistency of food should be semi-liquid so as not to injure the mucous membrane and not burden the stomach. These can be light vegetable puree soups, milk porridges and soups; the consumption of milk and cottage cheese is allowed. After a few days, you can introduce hard-boiled eggs into your diet. fresh vegetables, fruits, vegetable side dishes. Over time, pregnant women can switch to a normal healthy eating regimen, not forgetting that during the diet you should remove foods such as:

• fried foods, spices, seasonings, smoked foods;
• legumes (peas, beans);
• vegetables: cabbage, radishes, onions;
• pickles;
• confectionery and sweets;
• meat and fish broths;
• coffee.

Diet for gastritis during pregnancy: basic rules

Diet for gastritis, which is carried out in medicinal purposes, has its own basic rules that the expectant mother must adhere to.

1. Small meals, with frequent meals 6 to 8 times a day.
2. Food should not be coarse, but have a semi-liquid, puree, mushy form.
3. It is strictly forbidden to consume smoked meats, spicy and fried foods, as well as the consumption of acidic foods that promote the production of gastric juice.
4. If possible, limit your salt intake and exclude pickles and pickled foods from your diet.
5. Limit consumption or completely avoid foods containing fast carbohydrates (sweets, flour and confectionery).
6. The daily diet should be varied and nutritious, including sufficient amounts of fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals.
7. If you have gastritis, you should not eat excessively hot or cold food; food should be at a pleasant temperature, close to body temperature.

• Dried white bread.
• Milk products.
• Boiled river fish (pike, pike perch or perch are excellent).
• Boiled poultry meat.
• Steamed vegetable stews, pureed soups, milk soups, steamed cutlets, meatballs, dumplings, soft-boiled eggs, semi-liquid porridge.
• Don’t forget to include fresh vegetables, fruits, and herbs in your menu.

Treatment of gastritis with mineral water

In some cases, a doctor may prescribe mineral water to a pregnant woman to treat gastritis.
With low acidity, “Essentuki” No. 4 and 17, “Mirgorodskaya” have proven themselves well, and with high acidity - “Jermuk”, “Borjomi” and others.
Therapeutic mineral water is taken after meals, after 1.5-2 hours. It is not recommended to drink mineral water without consulting a doctor.

Gastritis during pregnancy: drug treatment

Gastritis is a disease for the treatment of which there are a large number of medications that alleviate the patient’s condition. But, do not forget that many of them are contraindicated for pregnant women. Therefore, the main direction of treatment for gastritis in pregnant women is a therapeutic diet.

During pregnancy, antibacterial drugs are prohibited, the action of which is aimed at suppressing Hilicobacter pylori infection. Taking such drugs has a negative impact on the development of the fetus. Also, antisecretory drugs are not used for treatment.

The following medications are prescribed to pregnant women:

1. Probiotics. It is recommended to take foods with a high content of lactic acid bacteria, such as bifidoyogurt, kefir, fermented baked milk. Lactic acid bacteria are available in the form of capsules and powders. Pharmaceutical products: Narine, Bifiform, Bifidum.
2. Dimethicone. Has a regenerating effect.
3. Antispasmodics. Quickly relieve pain and spasms.
4. Cerucal, Raglan. Eliminate nausea and heartburn.
5. Medicines with gastric and pancreatic enzymes. May be prescribed if decreased secretory activity is observed.

Phosphalugel, Almagel, Gastal, Maalox, which contain aluminum and medications, are not recommended for pregnant women.

Folk remedies for gastritis during pregnancy

To treat gastritis, traditional methods of treatment can be used, which expectant mothers should use only after the approval of the attending physician. It is worth remembering that some medicinal herbs that are effective in folk medicine for the treatment of gastritis, prohibited for use in the 1st trimester of pregnancy. Such herbs include: sage, thyme, plantain, calamus.

Herbal treatment

Herbal decoctions are widely used to treat gastritis. Mint, cinquefoil, chamomile flowers, yarrow relieve pain and reduce inflammation. A decoction of fennel, caraway, and thyme gently stimulates the inner walls of the stomach with low acidity. To prepare the decoction, you need to brew 2-3 tablespoons of the mixture in 0.5 liters of boiling water, let it brew for 30 minutes, and then strain. At the pharmacy you can buy ready-made herbal mixtures, packaged in herbal bags, which are brewed like tea. Take the decoction after meals, warm.

Flaxseed for gastritis

Flax seed is one of the most accessible and effective remedies for treating stomach and gastrointestinal diseases. When the seed is brewed, mucus is formed, which envelops the walls of the stomach, providing an anti-inflammatory effect. Pregnant women are allowed to take flax seed decoctions; this does not pose any threat to the developing fetus. However, there are contraindications for use if a woman has gallstone disease or pancreatitis.

Treatment with honey

Expectant mothers can use a folk recipe for treating gastritis using honey if they are not allergic to this product. To do this, you need to dilute 1 tablespoon of honey in a glass warm water. If the acidity is low, drink it an hour before meals, if it is high, 30 minutes before meals. Duration of treatment is from 1 to 2 months. Honey has a calming effect on the gastric mucosa and relieves inflammation.

Treatment with apples

Regularly including apples in your diet, especially green varieties, can not only improve digestion, but also get rid of gastritis. For gastritis, pregnant women are recommended to eat 2 green apples, grated, daily on an empty stomach. Meals should be taken after 30 minutes, not earlier, so as not to provoke increased gas formation. The duration of treatment with apples is 1 month. After a month, apples are eaten every other day, before breakfast.

Women with chronic gastritis should take preventive measures and be observed by a doctor even when planning pregnancy. It's important to stick to your diet, have peace of mind, and enjoy your pregnancy. It is recommended to exclude all harmful foods that can provoke irritation of the gastric mucosa and cause an exacerbation of gastritis, which is extremely undesirable for the expectant mother and the normal course of pregnancy. If you feel unwell or discomfort in the stomach area, be sure to tell your doctor about your suspicions, who will prescribe competent treatment and help you overcome the illness.

Symptoms of gastritis can appear at any stage of pregnancy. Nausea, heartburn, pain in the epigastric region, stool disturbances - these symptoms often bother pregnant women with toxicosis and gastritis. Treatment of gastritis during pregnancy should be safe for the child, but effective and effective. Medicines and herbal remedies will help restore wellness and protect pregnancy from complications.

Features of gastritis in pregnant women

Location of the gastrointestinal tract in a pregnant woman

In the early stages, nausea and heartburn bother pregnant women due to the fact that intense hormonal changes occur in the body, which is preparing to bear the fetus for 9 months.

As the fetus grows, the configuration of the location of the internal organs changes, the stomach and pancreas shift posteriorly.

This leads to the fact that reflux often occurs, that is, the reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus or duodenum. The alkaline contents of the duodenum irritate the gastric mucosa and cause symptoms of this disease.

In addition, exacerbation of chronic gastritis during pregnancy can be caused by changes in eating habits. Often women in an interesting position become capricious and picky about regular food. Use large quantity sweets or products with dyes and preservatives can provoke an exacerbation of a disease that existed before pregnancy and require urgent treatment of gastritis in pregnant women in order to prevent intoxication of the fetus.

How to distinguish gastritis from other gastrointestinal diseases?

Gastric mucosa with gastritis

Upon examination, the doctor may detect pain in the stomach area, which intensifies with palpation. Symptoms such as heartburn, heaviness in the stomach, stool disturbances, and belching are also characteristic of other diseases of the digestive system. The diagnosis of exacerbation of chronic gastritis can be made accurately only through endoscopic examination, when the doctor sees the condition of the gastric mucosa. The study is carried out for pregnant women according to strict indications. Gastric mucosa with gastritis

Effective remedies for gastritis in pregnant women

Depending on what type of gastritis is observed in a pregnant woman, the approach to the question of how to treat gastritis during pregnancy will differ.

Treatment of gastritis with high acidity

In order to cope with symptoms, there are several important rules.

• It is allowed to take medications that reduce the acidity of gastric juice. These include antacids, which should be taken half an hour before meals. It is advisable not to take drugs in this group for more than 3 days without consulting a doctor.
• To cope with nausea, you can take modern drugs that belong to the group of prokinetics. They stimulate gastric motility and relieve symptoms of fullness and heaviness in the epigastric region.
• You can relieve painful spasms with antispasmodics. Such medications will relieve spasms of the smooth muscles of the stomach and duodenum and provide an analgesic effect. But you should not abuse such drugs, as they can mask the symptoms of a more serious disease.

Important! Antisecretory drugs from the omeprazole group are contraindicated for pregnant women.

Treatment of gastritis with low acidity

• You can take medications that will help the pancreas work and thus alleviate gastritis. These drugs contain enzymes that break down proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Take medications from this group with meals. However, to prevent the pancreas from becoming lazy, they are not recommended to be taken every day. It is better to eat small meals, 5 or 6 times a day, and not wash down food with water. Water or tea should be drunk 40 minutes after eating.
• A very important component of good functioning of the digestive organs is the state of the microflora of the intestinal mucosa. For gastritis in pregnant women, you can successfully take probiotics and eubiotics, which, by normalizing the microflora, will help to quickly subside the exacerbation of the disease.

Important! Antibiotics, which are prescribed for type B gastritis to kill the Helicobacter Pylori bacterium, are contraindicated for pregnant women!

Treatment of gastritis with folk remedies

Medicinal herbs for the treatment of gastritis are the most safe means for pregnant.

You can use special pharmaceutical preparations in filter bags that are brewed like tea.

Do not forget that some herbs, such as sage, are contraindicated in early pregnancy.

Medicinal herbs for gastritis in pregnant women

Mint, chamomile and oats are used successfully for gastritis with high acidity. They relieve inflammation of the mucous membrane and envelop it, reducing the secretion of gastric juice.

To stimulate the stomach for gastritis with low acidity, fennel, plantain, oregano, and thyme are used. These herbs make the stomach work and digest food better.

Important! Following a diet will help cure gastritis faster and more effectively. Food should be fresh, boiled, stewed or baked; spicy and smoked foods should be excluded. Products containing chemical additives are not recommended. Mineral waters without carbon are useful, but it is correct to drink mineral water half an hour before meals or an hour after meals.

Gastritis is a disease characterized by inflammation of the gastric mucosa.

Gastritis can develop even during pregnancy and significantly reduce a person’s performance.

Gastritis in pregnant women must be treated immediately.

The patient should be under close medical supervision for the reason that this is the most common disease of the digestive tract, leading to a number of serious complications.

Doctors and scientists have recently conducted a series of studies that have shown that more than fifty percent of all people in the world suffer from gastritis.

The ability to identify the factors, causes and symptoms of this disease is especially important in order to provide its correct treatment to pregnant women at risk.

Causative factors and symptoms

The above process in a pregnant woman occurs in acute or chronic form. Acute gastritis appears suddenly during pregnancy and proceeds, in most situations, very violently.

This type of gastritis is characterized by the presence of inflammatory processes in the walls of the stomach and small intestine.

With this form of pathology, a process of traumatization of the glands and the superficial mucous layer in the stomach cavity is observed. As a result, inflammation may develop.

It can affect not just the inner layers of the epithelium, but also penetrate the muscular lining of the stomach.

Such gastritis is often promoted by other types of pathological conditions in the organs digestive system– liver diseases, gall bladder problems, as well as pathological conditions associated with the pancreas.

In rare cases, acute gastritis in the fairer sex can develop after the use of certain medications, poisoning with spoiled foods, the appearance of allergic reactions, or the discovery of damage to the stomach wall from rough foods.

Chronic gastritis during pregnancy is a disease characterized by the presence of periods of exacerbation and remission.

The symptoms are not so acute, however, any violation of the normal diet, consumption of certain drugs and the presence of nervous strain can only contribute to relapses of the disease.

What other factors can also lead to gastritis in women during pregnancy?

Often, the causative factors that provoke gastritis during pregnancy are considered to be the processes of exacerbation of any chronic source of inflammation that occurs in the stomach of a pregnant woman.

According to statistics, exacerbation occurs in at least 70% of situations.

It is worth noting that gastritis is divided into three types - A, B and C. The first causes atrophic processes during damage to the mucous membrane in the stomach, provoked by cells of the autoimmune type.

The development of the second type of disease is explained by the penetration into the body of a bacterial agent called Helicobacter pylori.

Women often become infected with the above type of bacteria through contact with other infected people. Thus, they can be infected already at the moment of conception.

However, if gastritis before pregnancy may be asymptomatic or have a minimal number of manifestations, hormonal imbalances can significantly aggravate the patient’s condition.

To treat such gastritis, you need to consciously approach the choice of treatment methods and medications, because standard antibiotics are often contraindicated in pregnant patients.

Periods of exacerbation of chronic gastritis during pregnancy are closely related to a number of reasons:

• eating foods containing refined carbohydrates;
• the presence of an irregular and unbalanced diet;
• consumption of foods high in fat and artificial substances;
• nervous tension and stress;
• excessive food consumption.

Gastritis during pregnancy, in most situations, develops against the background of an existing disease and is accompanied by the urge to vomit and a feeling of discomfort in the stomach area.

Vomiting during pregnancy (as one of the manifestations of toxicosis) in the process of gastritis takes at least one week.

The level of acidity during gastritis during pregnancy varies depending on different women, it is often high.

Symptoms may resemble heartburn, with diarrhea often observed, the main manifestation being pain in the stomach and frequent belching with an unpleasant odor, a feeling of heaviness and constipation.

Unlike ordinary gastritis, in the situation of being during pregnancy, more thorough treatment of a complex type will be required.

The chronic form of gastritis does not show specific manifestations in the early stages of pregnancy, since the signs of the disease may vary among different patients.

Symptoms of such gastritis in many situations consist of:

• feelings of pain in the epigastric region;
• nausea;
• frequent belching;
• desire to vomit;
• gastrointestinal disorders.

If there is gastritis in a chronic form with insufficient acid secretion, indigestion can be observed much more often.

Erosive gastritis during pregnancy may be accompanied by the development of small erosions (local defects) on the gastric wall.

The state of health of women with gastritis is quite difficult. Blood may appear in the stomach contents. Severe pain is considered the first sign characteristic of a disease such as erosive gastritis.

With gastritis with normal or high secretion of gastric juice, which often occurs at a young age, periodic pain in the upper abdominal cavity may predominate.

In the presence of gastritis with high acidity, patients complain of pain in the epigastric region, in the area of ​​the right hypochondrium or navel.

Often pain occurs after eating, namely after eating a specific type of food.

Rarely, pain during gastritis during pregnancy occurs regardless of food consumption, on an empty stomach or at night. The pain is sometimes very severe, and sometimes moderate.

With gastritis with high levels of acid secretion, the symptoms of pain are usually severe, and with low levels of acid secretion, the pain symptoms are usually mild.

If a woman wants to alleviate her condition, she should not overeat, because the more the stomach wall is stretched, the more severe the pain will be.

During pregnancy, other factors also arise that provoke the development of the above condition. Most women experience morning sickness symptoms in the first trimester.

Nausea and regular vomiting make pregnant women refuse to eat, therefore, food intake occurs irregularly.

When trying to get rid of unpleasant symptoms, expectant mothers consume harmful types of foods (sour or salty foods), and this can contribute to the exacerbation of the disease.

Dietary nutrition plays a vital role during this period of time. During pregnancy, exacerbation of gastritis and serious symptoms in the early stages can be prevented by following dietary ration nutrition.

Treatment and nutrition

Primary treatment for non-pregnant patients is elimination (destruction) of Helicobacter pylori and reduction of acidity levels. For this purpose, antibacterial and antisecretory drugs are prescribed.

Treatment of gastritis in pregnant women with these groups of medications is contraindicated, so the medications listed below remain.

Antacids are drugs that act only in the stomach, without systemic absorption. Antacids bind and neutralize hydrochloric acid in the stomach cavity.

There are antacid suspensions based on magnesium and aluminum (Maalox, Almagel, aluminophosphate gel), which are treated by applying them to the affected areas for no more than 3 days.

However, due to aluminum entering the blood, drugs of this type can cause constipation in gastritis.

There are also safer medications based on hydrotalcite (aluminum and magnesium in one large molecule), as well as Rennie's drug based on calcium and magnesium.

A product called Gaviscon reduces acidity, is not absorbed and protects the gastric mucosa, which is extremely necessary during pregnancy.

Milk and dairy products have the same effect, and together with honey they can treat gastritis completely safely.

Baking soda cannot be used to reduce acidity because it only acts temporarily, causing gas and bloating and a change in blood pH.

Herbs that have a high pH level necessary for the treatment of gastritis include: St. John's wort, mint, chamomile, oat and flax seeds, calamus and valerian roots, yarrow, motherwort, celandine.

They relieve pain, soothe and envelop the stomach. It is recommended to pour 2-3 tablespoons of a collection of these herbs into 0.5 liters of boiling water and leave for 25 minutes, then strain and drink half a glass of the decoction after meals.

Herbs with low acidity consist of: wormwood, yarrow, plantain leaves, spices (thyme, mint, caraway, oregano, fennel), parsley, parsnip, trifolia, St. John's wort. They stimulate secretion and the digestion process.

If a woman does not want to waste energy searching and brewing herbal infusions, Iberogast based on medicinal plants for the treatment of gastritis and restoration of gastric motility.

It is taken only after consultation with your doctor.

It is safe to say that the treatment of gastritis in pregnant women has a number of characteristic features.

Medicines usually prescribed to alleviate the condition during illness are contraindicated when carrying a baby.

For example, De-Nol in combination with drugs such as Furazolidone and Oxacillin are not used during pregnancy. In case of severe inflammation, the use of Gastrofarm is allowed.

Medicines in tablet form, which include drugs such as Drotaverine and Papaverine, are considered safe to use for gastritis during pregnancy.

They relieve spasms in pregnant women suffering from gastritis and other gastrointestinal problems.

At low pH best effect, which gives treatment, will be after using Panzinorm, Acidin-pepsin (containing pepsin).

If digestive disorders occur, before eating food, doctors recommend taking medications such as Pancreatin, Creon, Mezim, Pangrol, Gastro-norma, as well as medications without added bile like Festal, Digestal, Normanton, Enzistal.

Treatment of gastritis in pregnant women in the 2nd trimester can be done by taking Metoclopramide (Reglan), which is prescribed by the attending physician for a short period of time when uncontrolled vomiting is observed during gastritis.

During pregnancy with gastritis, treatment with a special diet and eating small portions is very important.

A pregnant woman does not need to feel hungry or overeat, drink carbonated drinks and caffeinated drinks, add spices to dishes, or eat fatty and fried foods (stimulating acid secretion).

You can eat low-fat dairy products, steamed soups and broths (with rice porridge), as well as boiled white meat and fish, cereals, and fresh fruits.

One study found that during pregnancy, women are more susceptible to Helicobacter pylori infection than other women, so they should take extra measures to prevent infection.

To prevent infection food products and gastritis, it is necessary to ensure compliance with the rules of cooking, cooling and washing foods that a pregnant woman consumes.

You can store food in the refrigerator at temperatures below 40 degrees, and in the freezer - below 0 degrees. It is advisable to cook foods to reach an internal temperature of more than 160 degrees.

You should also thoroughly wash all uncooked foods before eating.

It's important to know that many foods that a woman enjoyed before becoming pregnant can cause a flare-up of symptoms during pregnancy.

Unfortunately, many of these irritating foods are also foods that should be taken off your menu while pregnant.

These include:

• herbs and spices;
• all fried and fatty foods;
• most products containing a high amount of fat in their composition.

Limiting these foods will help prevent indigestion and gastritis throughout your pregnancy.

Some foods do not usually cause an immediate reaction, but may worsen the pain in the long term.

To avoid long-term problems, you can reduce your intake of red meat and other foods such as white bread and sugar during pregnancy.

You can also replace beef and pork with lean meats and choose whole grain bread.

Coffee-based foods and drinks are another factor that causes gastritis attacks.

Even one cup of coffee can increase the level of acid in the stomach, leading to inflammation of the stomach wall. To avoid this problem, try herbal teas instead of coffee and soda drinks.

Diet plays an extremely important role in the treatment of the pathological process during pregnancy.

Medical experts strongly recommend that all pregnant women with gastritis eat fractional, small portions of food.

In the first days after an exacerbation of gastritis during pregnancy, a diet is usually followed, during which any dish should be served in puree form.

The diet should be prescribed exclusively by a professional gastroenterologist or nutritionist, based on the existing signs and symptomatic manifestations of the above-mentioned gastrointestinal disease.

Useful video

Gastritis during pregnancy is a disease associated with the fact that the stomach tissues become inflamed due to the changes that pregnancy entails. Moreover, if a woman had problems with the gastrointestinal tract even before pregnancy, then gastritis will most likely appear again and will last the entire gestation period.

Of course, gastritis will worsen the well-being of a pregnant woman - it is quite possible that it will cause the formation of early toxicosis, accompanied by severe vomiting.

ICD-10 code

K29 Gastritis and duodenitis

Causes of gastritis during pregnancy

The cause of the development of chronic gastritis during pregnancy may be the following factors:

• stress, which entails disruption of the natural biorhythm of life - for example, lack of normal night sleep and working at night, as well as various problems and conflicts in the family or at work;
• poor nutrition - dry food, unbalanced irregular meals and snacks on the go;
• poor quality food;
• frequent consumption of foods that include refined oils and refined grains, as well as foods containing emulsifiers and preservatives. Animal food with antibiotics and hormones is also harmful;
• infection of the body by the infectious bacterium Hp.

Approximately 75% of women suffering from chronic gastritis suffer from exacerbation of this disease during pregnancy. Basically, in such women, toxicosis begins early, which, moreover, can occur in a rather severe form, and even drags on for 14-17 weeks.

At the same time, we note that chronic gastritis during pregnancy does not have any negative impact on the process of gestation and development of the fetus in the abdomen. In this case, troubles will only haunt the expectant mother, who will feel unwell.

Pathogenesis

The appearance and development of the chronic form of gastritis occurs due to a combination with other factors of negative effects on the gastric mucosa. The pathogenesis of the disease in various types and forms has some features. We often see gastritis during pregnancy.

There are 2 groups of etiological causes of gastritis - exogenous and endogenous.

Exogenous causes of gastritis:

Endogenous causes of gastritis:

• genetics;
• autoimmune causes;
• endogenous poisoning;
• endocrine dysfunctions;
• chronic infection;
• hypoxemia;
• metabolic problems;
• duodenogastric reflux;
• hypovitaminosis;
• the influence exerted on the stomach by other diseased organs.

Autoimmune atrophic gastritis in chronic form occurs as a result of the appearance of antibodies in the parietal cells of the stomach, which creates the following problems:

• The level of pepsin production with hydrochloric acid will decrease;
• Atrophy in the fundus of the gastric mucosa;
• The production rate will decrease internal factor Castle, and B12-deficiency anemia will also begin to progress;
• G cells in the antrum mucosa will begin to produce more gastrin.

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Symptoms of gastritis during pregnancy

In general, gastritis by its nature is not considered a contraindication to pregnancy and childbirth (with some extremely rare exceptions). It does not cause any harm to the baby in the mother’s belly. Although for the woman herself the process of pregnancy will be quite difficult, since she will be tormented by severe toxicosis, vomiting, and constant heartburn. These symptoms can last the entire 9 months of pregnancy, until the baby is born, which in itself is very unpleasant, although not dangerous to health.

Even if you have not observed any reminders of gastritis for a long time, mechanical movement of organs, changes in hormonal status and other reasons arising from pregnancy can cause an exacerbation of the disease. It may appear different ways, and there are no signs that would be characteristic specifically for pregnant women with gastritis.

You should be wary if in the first half of the period of bearing a child, early and severe toxicosis is observed, followed by heartburn, a dull nagging pain in the epigastric region, belching with the taste of rotten eggs, problems with stool, vomiting and nausea throughout the day. Also, a gray coating may form on the tongue, and the temperature will rise to 37-38 degrees.

Gastritis during pregnancy with increased acidity occurs with symptoms of hunger, covering the upper abdomen. With a reduced acidity level, constipation, heaviness in the stomach, diarrhea, and bad breath are often observed. All these symptoms intensify if you eat spicy, fatty, salty, fried, sweet foods.

To confirm the diagnosis, the doctor will only need complaints from the patient and reading the medical history. If necessary, gastric juice can be studied for FGS and acidity levels.

First signs

With gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes inflamed, thereby disrupting its functioning - in such cases, food is poorly digested, resulting in a waste of energy and strength of the entire body. Gastritis can be acute or chronic, with increased, normal and decreased levels of stomach acidity.

Gastritis has many symptoms, but it may also not have any obvious signs. The main manifestation of this disease is pain in the solar plexus area, which can intensify after certain foods, medications, and liquids, especially if they have an irritating effect on the mucous membrane. If you have gastritis, you should not eat spicy foods or drink soda - they have a bad effect on the stomach, contributing to the erosion of the mucous membrane.

Gastritis during pregnancy also has such irregular but important symptoms as vomiting, heartburn, belching, as well as bloating and gas. If you experience 2 or more of the above symptoms, plus abdominal pain, you should consult a gastroenterologist. He will identify the type of disease and prescribe the necessary treatment - diet, or using medications.

Gastritis during early pregnancy

It has long been known that gastritis during pregnancy often manifests itself from the very beginning in the form of long-term and difficult-to-tolerate toxicosis, so expectant mothers have to look for options that will calm aggravated gastritis and reduce pain and discomfort.

Any foods we eat have a direct impact on gastric function and condition. Thus, if your gastritis has worsened, you will have to strictly control your diet by removing a large number of different foods from it. Initially, foods that can have an aggressive effect on the mucous membrane of your stomach are prohibited: these are hot, sour, spicy, smoked, salty, fatty, canned foods, as well as too cold or hot foods.

If your diet contains foods that can be classified into any of the above groups, you will have to exclude them from there. In addition, it is prohibited to consume foods containing a large number of carbohydrates, as well as synthetic additives.

The diet should be based on semi-liquid, natural food, which is prepared in a gentle manner - dairy products, stewed and boiled vegetables, light soups made from vegetables and cereals, omelettes, fruits, soft-boiled eggs, jelly.

Forms

Acute gastritis during pregnancy

Gastritis at its first stage has an acute form - when the mucous membrane of the duodenum and stomach becomes inflamed. This disease has many causes, including bacterial, mechanical, temperature or chemical irritants.

Acute gastritis most often develops in this way - first, the upper cells and glands of the gastric mucosa are damaged, becoming the beginning of the inflammatory process. It will affect the upper layer of the mucosal epithelium, but the inflammation can go further - along the walls of the stomach, penetrating even into its muscle layers.

Many women who have a chronic form of this disease often notice that gastritis worsens during pregnancy. In most of them, it occurs against the background of early toxicosis, which is accompanied by profuse vomiting. This symptom can last 14-17 weeks, occurring in a severe and very unpleasant form.

But chronic gastritis itself is not considered a contraindication for pregnancy - it does not threaten the development of the fetus and does not affect childbirth. Although the sensations from it for the expectant mother will definitely be unpleasant. And, of course, after the birth of the child, this disease will definitely need to be cured without shelving it.

Chronic gastritis during pregnancy

It should be immediately noted that chronic gastritis during pregnancy does not have any special symptoms, because basically this disease occurs in its own way for each person. For the most part, it manifests itself in the form of pain in the epigastric region, belching, nausea with vomiting and problems with stool. It can also cause early toxicosis in severe form, causing serious discomfort.

When chronic gastritis causes a decrease in the level of acid secreted into the gastric juice, some of the disorders described above become much more noticeable. When the acidity of the stomach remains within the same limits, or even increases (this situation is typical for young people), sharp pain sensations are mainly observed in the upper abdomen, which are often repeated.

With gastritis with increased acidity, many pregnant patients note the appearance of sharp pain in the area “under the stomach”. There may also be discomfort around the navel or on the right under the rib. Often, such pain appears immediately after eating, and this is mainly fatty, spicy or sweet food. Occasionally, pain may occur that is in no way dependent on food intake - at night or even if the person has not eaten anything.

Exacerbation of gastritis during pregnancy

Signs of gastritis in a pregnant woman can be observed at different stages. Its main symptoms are heartburn, nausea, pain in the epigastric region, and problems with stool.

Heartburn and nausea appear on early due to the fact that at this time the body begins to intensively adjust hormonally, preparing to bear a child. As the baby develops, the mother’s internal organs change their location - the pancreas and stomach move back. Because of this, stomach contents can enter the duodenum or esophageal canal. Alkaline acid, located in the duodenum, corrodes the gastric mucosa, which provokes the appearance of gastritis.

Chronic gastritis during pregnancy can also worsen due to a change in food preferences, because women in this position are often very picky about food, often wanting to eat exotic foods, sometimes in the most unimaginable combinations and types. Consumption of many foods rich in preservatives, as well as sweets, can aggravate a pre-existing disease during pregnancy. It should be treated immediately, without delay, as otherwise fetal intoxication may occur.

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Gastritis with high acidity during pregnancy

When eliminating gastritis with increased stomach acidity, you should know several important things that will help eliminate the symptoms of the disease.

You can take medications that help lower stomach acid levels, such as antacids. They should be taken approximately 30 minutes before meals. Medicines included in this group should not be used for more than 3 days, unless you consult a doctor.

To get rid of nausea, you should undergo a course of treatment with drugs belonging to the medicinal category of prokinetics - their effect can improve motor activity in the stomach, reducing signs of heaviness and fullness in its epigastric region.

Attacks of pain if you suffer from gastritis during pregnancy can be eliminated by taking antispasmodics - they will remove spasms in the duodenum, as well as in the smooth gastric muscles, relieving pain and eliminating discomfort. But it should be noted that such medications should not be abused - they can hide the signs of some more serious illness, the development of which, thanks to them, will go unnoticed by you.

You should also pay attention to the fact that pregnant women are prohibited from using antisecretory drugs included in the omeprazole group.

Erosive gastritis during pregnancy

Erosive gastritis is a type of inflammation of the gastric mucosa, in which erosions appear on its walls - areas in which the destruction is very noticeable. This type of disease can appear as a result of treatment with certain drugs - for example, anti-inflammatory non-steroidal substances, as well as due to frequent consumption of alcoholic beverages and the penetration of chemicals into the stomach that have a bad effect on the mucous membrane.

This gastritis mainly manifests itself in an acute form, sometimes even bleeding can occur. Although it can also be observed in a chronic form, when periods of exacerbation of the disease are followed by periods of remission. If shallow erosions occur in the stomach, they will manifest themselves in the form of pain, a feeling of heaviness in the abdomen, and nausea. If the erosion is deep, bleeding areas will appear in the stomach, which can later develop into a stomach ulcer.

Erosive gastritis during pregnancy requires examination of the patient in an inpatient setting, when she is under strict medical supervision. To treat the disease, it is necessary to prescribe and adhere to a fairly strict diet. An option is also possible with taking medications, when doctors decide what the risk may be for the child’s development, as well as what the benefits of the medications will be for the expectant mother’s body.

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Atrophic gastritis during pregnancy

Atrophic gastritis is one of the precursors of the development of stomach cancer. It can be identified thanks to the following signs, noticing which you should be wary:

• Loss of appetite;
• Bloating, rumbling and heaviness in the abdomen after eating;
• Regular belching with an odor reminiscent of rotten eggs;
• Problems with stool - diarrhea and constipation replace each other;
• Aching pain in the stomach that occurs at times after eating;
• Manifestation of B12 deficiency/iron deficiency anemia;
• The tongue has a polished sheen;
• You often sweat, get tired quickly, there is general weakness;
• At a late stage of the disease, a decrease in body weight appears.

Basically, symptoms such as dyspepsia syndrome - nausea, loss of appetite, heaviness in the abdomen - are identified and considered the most characteristic signs of the disease; rumbling in the stomach, bloating.

Atrophic gastritis during pregnancy can occur with a probability of 60-75% - this is a fairly high figure. Note that against the background of this disease, the likelihood of early toxicosis also increases.

Since, due to her position, a pregnant woman cannot undergo certain diagnostic procedures, in order to make an adequate diagnosis, she needs to consult 3 doctors at once - a gynecologist, a therapist, and a gastroenterologist.

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Complications and consequences

If the expectant mother suffers from chronic gastritis, then we should expect that it will worsen during pregnancy, since more than 70% of them are affected by this disease.

Let us note that there is no way to start this disease, because complications in this case will not be slow to follow. But at the same time, it is also impossible to use any powerful medications, because they can negatively affect the child’s health.

Any stomach upsets should be taken very seriously, because if the disease starts or is not cured on time, it can lead to serious consequences and complications. For example, a miscarriage or even death may occur. If you start gastritis during pregnancy, it can develop into a stomach ulcer, which in turn can develop to a severe stage, at which symptoms such as painful shock are possible.

But still, you should not be afraid in advance, since painful sensations can be caused by completely harmless reasons. Although consultation with a specialist is necessary in any case.

It should be noted that the severity of pain is not an indicator of the severity of the disease, because each person has his own pain threshold. And there are diseases that can develop without any visible symptoms at all.

Diagnosis of gastritis during pregnancy

Various shapes diseases have some characteristic features that make it possible to determine the clinical picture of the disease. For example, if the secretory activity of the gastric mucosa is increased, the first symptom will be pain that appears in the upper abdomen, as well as under the right rib or around the navel. Discomfort intensifies after eating spicy or fatty (in general, any food that is difficult for the stomach) food, but can also occur at night or even on an empty stomach. This form of the disease mainly manifests itself in young women and must be treated by suppressing secretory activity in the gastric mucosa.

If gastritis during pregnancy takes the form when the acidity in the stomach is reduced, its symptoms become signs of dyspepsia. In this case, the pain is felt quite moderately, intensifying due to the intake of large amounts of food - the gastric walls are stretched. With such gastritis, it is necessary to take drugs that can improve the secretory activity of the glands.

Mainly due to chronic gastritis, pregnant women suffer from toxicosis, which occurs in a rather severe form. In addition, such toxicosis lasts quite a long time - about 14-17 weeks, and standard treatment does not improve the situation.

Analyzes

A blood test is carried out first - a biochemical study will help determine the level of gastrin concentration in the body. There are procedures that can detect the presence of antibodies in parietal cells, as well as the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. A peripheral blood test will also help diagnose the presence of symptoms of B12 deficiency anemia, which often accompanies gastritis.

To clarify the diagnosis, they study how the disease developed, and they can also perform an endoscopic examination of the stomach. A special machine takes a sample of stomach acid to determine its level. Thanks to the analysis, you can find out the type of disease and determine what treatment is needed. It is difficult for a pregnant woman to undergo an endoscopic procedure, but if preliminary treatment fails to make a diagnosis, it is necessary to perform it.

Also, if there is a suspicion of gastritis during pregnancy, in addition to blood, you need to have your feces tested for occult blood and urine. Stool is collected to determine if the patient has any unnoticed internal bleeding. This research method is often used in cases where, in addition to signs of gastritis, a pregnant woman experiences the development of iron deficiency anemia.

Instrumental diagnostics

To diagnose chronic gastritis, the following procedures are performed:

• checking the functioning of secretory-motor gastric functions;
• fibroendoscopic diagnosis is very valuable and productive, but it is quite burdensome for a pregnant woman, so it should be used only if other methods are ineffective or there are special indications. If the gastritis is minor, gastroscopy will demonstrate the existing moderate swelling, coupled with irritation and inflammation on the damaged mucous membrane. In addition, the technique makes it possible to see focal hyperemia and an increased level of mucus formation. Chronic gastritis during pregnancy, in which there is an increased level of acidity, is often accompanied by erosive disorders on the mucous membrane;
• The procedure for X-ray diagnostics of gastritis in a pregnant patient should not be performed, because this method is not very informative, and X-ray radiation will have a negative effect on the child;
• The ultrasound method, performed on an empty stomach, will reveal the presence of hypersecretion and excess mucus in the stomach, assess the thickness and condition of all its walls and local inflammation that will appear under the device’s sensor.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis for the main types of gastritis is carried out if there are functional problems in the functioning of the gastric secretory function (stomach irritation, functional achylia). Such observations take into account the fact that in a chronic disease the symptoms are more pronounced and persistent, and how the picture of mucosal inflammation changed during the biopsy and gastrofibroscopy procedures.

Gastritis during pregnancy, which maintains or has an increased level of acidity, as well as antral gastritis, in which pain is observed, must be differentiated from an ulcer. Gastritis does not have seasonal exacerbations and does not eat away the gastric mucosa - it is not as dangerous as an ulcer, but if left untreated it can develop into one, so it cannot be neglected. Gastric polyposis should be differentiated from polyposis gastritis - here you need to focus on a targeted biopsy after this examination.

To perform a differential diagnosis of large hypertrophic gastritis, which is accompanied by a gastric tumor, as well as antral gastritis, the indications of a targeted biopsy and gastrofibroscopic examination are used.

Treatment of gastritis during pregnancy

During pregnancy, it is quite difficult to treat gastritis, since many medications are prohibited for use, but it should be noted that gastritis does not have a negative effect on the course of pregnancy and the development of the child.

To cure gastritis during pregnancy, you should start by selecting a suitable diet, as well as stabilizing your diet. When the disease is too severe, bed rest may be prescribed, as well as split meals - the number of meals per day is divided into 5-6 times. Breakfast and a full dinner should also be included. At the very beginning of treatment (the first days), you should eat only semi-liquid food - this is necessary in order not to overload the stomach.

You should start the diet with thin soups with milk, as well as cottage cheese and dairy products. Then you can expand the diet to include quail or chicken eggs, which are steamed or soft-boiled. You can also start eating fresh fruit and vegetable products.

Chronic gastritis is treated individually, using differentiated and complex methods. If the disease worsens, the Pevzner diet No. 1, semi-bed rest and separate (5-6 times/day) meals are prescribed.

When a pregnant woman has gastritis with increased acidity, if there is no swelling in the first half of pregnancy, she may be prescribed mineral waters. This could be Jermuk and Smirnovskaya, which should be drunk one and a half to two hours after meals three times a day, 150–300 ml. This water reduces the time it takes for the mucous membrane to be corroded by gastric juice, helping to eliminate the inflammatory process. If chronic gastritis with reduced acidity is present, mineral waters such as Essentuki numbers 4 and 17, Mirgorodskaya, or Arzni are prescribed.

Medicines

Chronic gastritis during pregnancy with increased acidity is mainly treated in the same way as peptic ulcers are eliminated.

If gastritis B has worsened in a pronounced form, the doctor may prescribe gastrofarm tablets (take 2 tablets three times a day, half an hour before meals), as it prevents inflammatory processes.

The drug Maalox, which has an analgesic effect and also has cytoprotective and anacid properties, can also be used. It should be taken either as a suspension or as tablets an hour after eating.

The adsorbent drug Attapulgite helps restore the physiological balance in the stomach, preventing the rapid formation of acid. The medicine should be taken 3-5 times daily (1 powder 1-2 hours after meals; if necessary, you can take it at night).

If gastritis A is observed, the signs become disturbances in intestinal digestion, as well as in the exocrine function of the pancreas. To get rid of these symptoms, prescribe 0.5–1 g of pancreatin before meals 3–4 times a day.

If problems with gastric motor function occur, metoclopramide is used. When pain occurs, antispasmodics may be prescribed.

Vitamins

Chronic gastritis during pregnancy, against the background of which the supply of vitamins to the body deteriorates, can lead to quite serious complications of this disease. In some forms of gastritis, you should additionally take vitamins of groups A, B6, C, B12, PP.

These vitamins are found in fruits, berries and vegetables - they contain folic and ascorbic acid, as well as carotene, which help restore the health and energy of the body. Nicotinic acid and vitamins A and B can be found in high-calorie foods - dairy foods, all kinds of cereals, brown bread, sunflower and butter, as well as milk. But the vitamins that enter the body from food do not always fully satisfy its daily needs, so sometimes doctors can prescribe for a patient suffering from gastritis to take fortified food, the packaging of which indicates what vitamins it contains, or some multivitamin preparations.

To stabilize the level of acidity in the gastric mucosa, you should additionally take vitamins from categories C, PP and B6 - they are often prescribed to patients suffering from chronic gastritis.

Physiotherapeutic treatment

Gastritis during pregnancy can be treated with physiotherapeutic methods, but such procedures can be carried out subject to 2 main conditions - to help the patient and not harm the child in her belly. Mostly in this position, procedures such as electrophoresis, acupuncture, and electrorelaxation are used.

Thanks to the physiotherapeutic method of treatment, the clinical signs of gastritis become less. It also stabilizes gastric motor function, helping to improve blood circulation, and increases mucosal secretion. So, there are the following physiotherapeutic procedures:

• Electrophoresis, in which the medicine is injected locally through current into the area of ​​the disorder;
• Applying warming substances to the stomach, heating pads;
• Electrotherapy – anti-inflammatory, muscle relaxing, analgesic effect of current is used;
• Magnetic therapy – magnets are used for treatment, which help improve blood flow, relieve pain, and accelerate healing of the affected areas of the stomach.

If a pregnant woman experiences early toxicosis with vomiting and nausea, physiotherapy can be used to influence the vomiting center in the brain to reduce debilitating symptoms.

Traditional treatment

There are several traditional methods for treating gastritis.

Using lettuce - a tablespoon of crushed lettuce leaves is poured into a glass of boiling water and infused for 1-2 hours, after which the tincture should be strained. The resulting decoction is drunk twice a day, half a glass, and 1 glass at night.

A herbal mixture that combines several components. This is 3 tbsp. brittle buckthorn bark and 1 tbsp. yarrow and trifoli leaves. A tablespoon of this mixture is poured into 200 ml of boiling water, then left for about 30-40 minutes. You need to drink half a glass or a glass of tincture at night. This remedy helps stabilize the intestines.

Thyme is also suitable for treatment. Take 100 g of dry grass, which needs to be poured with 1 liter of dry white wine. The resulting mixture should be left for 1 week, shaking it from time to time. After this, the tincture should be boiled and left wrapped for another 4-6 hours. Then it is filtered and drunk daily 2-3 times before meals in a dosage of 30-50 ml.

For a month, you can eat about 8 grams of propolis every day on an empty stomach. If you are allergic to the medicine, you should stop taking it.

Gastritis during pregnancy is relieved by sea buckthorn - 3 tbsp. pour 500 ml of water, boil under the lid, filter and add honey (to taste). The tincture should be drunk daily before meals, 2-3 glasses.

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Herbal treatment

Often, when gastritis worsens during pregnancy, many people prefer to cope with this disease using natural remedies. In such cases, tinctures and herbs that help reduce pain and also resist the inflammatory process can have a good effect.

For the treatment of gastritis, which is characterized by high acidity, herbs such as St. John's wort, chamomile flowers, trefoil, mint leaves, celandine, as well as flax and oat seeds, and bird's knot herb are used.

If the patient has developed gastritis with a reduced acidity level, wormwood flowers, caraway seeds, thyme herb, aromatic oregano, parsley, parsnips, and plantain leaves will be good medicine.

But keep in mind that these herbs should only be purchased at a pharmacy and brewed in accordance with the instructions. Also, you should not use too many of these tinctures, because some of them can have a negative effect on the course of complex treatment.

Herbs that have a sedative effect, such as motherwort and valerian, also help improve the condition of gastritis. But we must remember that a pregnant woman may have a completely different reaction to any treatment, because her body is in an unusual position. So even herbal medicines should not be taken without consulting a specialist.

Homeopathy

In case of exacerbation of gastritis during pregnancy, homeopathy is often used for treatment.

Homeopathic medicine Gastrikumel, which has a sedative, hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, antispastic effect. It is prescribed for the treatment of chronic and acute gastritis. You need to consume 1 tablet. under the tongue three times a day. No side effects were found. Can be used if your gastritis worsens during pregnancy.

Antiemetic homeopathic medicine Spascuprel, which gives analgesic, antispasmodic, anticonvulsant, sedative effect. It is used for gastroduodenitis and gastritis to eliminate vomiting. It has no contraindications or side effects. The medication is taken three times a day, 1 tablet. under the tongue.

Homeopathic remedy Nux Vomica Homaccord, which counteracts inflammatory reactions and soothes spasms resulting from inflammation. Suitable if the patient has problems with the digestive tract due to complications resulting from drug therapy. Side effects and the drug has no contraindications. Take three times a day in a dosage of 10 drops.

Surgical treatment

Chronic gastritis during pregnancy in the absence of adequate treatment can develop into a peptic ulcer. An ulcer can lead to various complications, including possible bleeding in the stomach and intestines. This is very dangerous for the child’s life - a miscarriage may occur. If severe bleeding is observed in the stomach during pregnancy, urgent surgery is necessary.

If the outcome is unfavorable, the ulcer can lead to the development of stomach cancer, although this disease is rarely seen in pregnant women. It is noted that the first signs of stomach cancer begin to appear at the 15th–16th week of pregnancy. Pain occurs in the epigastric region, nausea and vomiting begins, and there is a lack of appetite. Melena can also be observed, although the manifestations are blurred. The diagnosis can be made based on the results of biopsy and fibrogastroscopy. In this case, only surgery is needed; conservative treatment will not give any results. But it should also be understood that in most cases the prognosis for both mother and child will be unfavorable.

Gastritis itself can be treated with diets, medications, various herbs and tinctures - surgical intervention is not required to eliminate it.

Diet for gastritis during pregnancy

Pregnant women who suffer from gastritis must follow a diet, the basic rules of which include:

• Products must be thoroughly chewed or pre-chopped or ground, turning into puree;
• Do not eat food that is too hot or too cold;
• Meals should be taken 4-6 times a day, but the portions should be small.

If gastritis has worsened during pregnancy, you should initially consume only liquid soups made with milk from barley, rice, and oats. Small portions consumed frequently throughout the day help balance the functioning of the digestive system.

Another important task is to stabilize the chair. If you have diarrhea, drink blueberry, pear, pomegranate, blackcurrant, and dogwood juices; if you suffer from constipation, juices from apricots, carrots or beets, fresh kefir or yogurt, as well as grated vegetables are suitable for you.

As a preventive measure, you should use diets and follow a regime of both work and rest. The main method is still diet. With it, the daily diet is divided into 5-6 meals - in small portions. It is important to chew foods thoroughly, without rushing and without swallowing large pieces. If you do not comply with the last condition, you can get indigestion.

Extractive substances, as well as foods that can irritate the stomach, need to be removed from the diet. Among such products are canned food, hot herbs and spices, fatty broths, smoked meat, and strong black tea.

If you have gastritis during pregnancy, overeating is not recommended. The psychological state of the pregnant woman should also be taken into account - she should try to avoid stress, not get upset over little things, and monitor her daily routine.

It is also important to keep your teeth in good condition, as caries can cause an infection in the stomach.

You can expect a negative prognosis and even a risk to life if autoimmune gastritis develops - this is determined by observing how pernicious anemia progresses and dysplasia develops. In this case, the patient will have to be under active surveillance throughout her life, during which endoscopic and morphological examinations will be used.

Autoimmune trophic gastritis can cause gastric adenocarcinoma. Basically, carcinoids formed during the course of the disease are small in size.