What is depicted on the Icelandic coat of arms. Who is not on the coat of arms of Iceland? Historical coats of arms of Iceland

Icelandic coat of arms(Skjaldarmerki Í lands ) V modern form adopted in 1944. It is a blue shield with a red cross on a silver cross. The shield is held by four patrons ( landvæ ttir ) Iceland standing on a piece of lava. Bull ( Grið ungur) - patron saint of South-West Iceland, eagle or griffin ( Gammur) - Northwestern, dragon ( Dreki) - Northeast, giant ( Bergrisi) - South-Eastern. These creatures were held in high esteem in Iceland, and so there was a law in Viking days that no ship could land on the shores of Iceland without having an image of one of the creatures on its ship (most often a dragon's head was used).

The patrons are depicted on the obverse of the Icelandic Crown, while the reverse depicts ocean animals (fish, crabs and dolphins). The Icelandic authorities use the Icelandic flag with a forked end with the Coat of Arms. The Icelandic National Police uses a white flag with the Coat of Arms when the use of the national flag is not permitted. Some other government services can do the same.

The Icelandic government uses state flag with the image of the coat of arms. The Icelandic police use a yellow flag with a coat of arms.

Iceland has used several coats of arms over the centuries.

The first one is probably- a shield with six blue and six silver stripes, symbolizing the 12 Things of the Icelandic Commonwealth

The second one is probably- coat of arms of the county of Iceland, granted by King Haakon of Norway IV Count Gissur Thorvaldsson in 1258. The shield depicted a red lion with an ax on a yellow background above and against the background of white and blue stripes from the previous coat of arms below.

Around 1500, the coat of arms of Iceland became the crowned dried fish on the red shield.

On October 3, 1903, the coat of arms of Iceland was replaced by a white falcon on a blue background. It was used until the official adoption of the first version of the coat of arms with patrons on February 12, 1919. The falcon was used on the royal coat of arms of Denmark under King Christian X.

Under Frederick IX in April 1947 the current coat of arms was adopted.

Flag of Iceland (Íslenski faninn ) was officially approved by the “Law on the National Flag of Icelanders and state emblem» No. 34 of June 17, 1944, the day Iceland became an independent republic. The law describes the flag as follows:

The civil national flag of the Icelanders is blue as the sky with a snowy white cross and a fiery red cross within a white cross. The ends of the cross reach the edges of the flag, their width is 2/9, and the red cross is 1/9 of the width of the flag. The blue fields of the flag are regular rectangles; the width and length of the pole (internal) fields are the same, and the length of the free (external) fields is twice their width. The ratio of the flag's width to its length is 18:25.

The colors of the flag are associated with the Icelandic landscape: red is the color of the fire of Icelandic volcanoes, white is the color of ice and snow, and blue is the color of waters Atlantic Ocean surrounding the island.

National flag of Iceland (isl.Tjúgufáni ) differs from the national one in length and the presence of two braids formed by a triangular cutout in the free part of the flag. The length of the blue fields in the free part of the flag is three times their width. The cut goes from the edge of the free part to the horizontal axis of the flag, cutting off a triangle with sides equal to 3/7 of the length of the field and the width of the field from the blue field. The cut line, having reached the red cross, crosses it vertically. The proportions of the flag are 9:16.

Iceland's first national flag, known as the "Vitblain" (Fig.Hvítbláinn , literally: “white and blue”), was a white cross on a dark blue background. It was first raised in 1897. On November 22, 1913, a royal decree of Denmark confirmed Iceland's right to its own flag, and on June 19, 1915, the Althing approved the national flag of the island, similar to the modern one: the white cross was supplemented by an internal red cross. In 1918, Denmark recognized the sovereignty of Iceland as part of a union. On February 12, 1919, King Christian X of Denmark and Iceland approved the Icelandic flag. In 1944, after achieving full independence, the flag remained almost unchanged, but its blue color acquired a darker shade (in the period from 1918 to 1944 it was defined as ultramarine). The design of the flag reflects the Scandinavian tradition, coming from the flag of Denmark. The red color of the cross also recalls Danish influence. Blue and White color a are the traditional colors of Iceland and are associated with the colors of the Order of the Silver Falcon.

The national coat of arms of Iceland features a heraldic shield with a design of the country's national flag. On a blue background there is a red cross with a white border. As on the flag, blue represents the sky and the Atlantic Ocean, white symbolizes snow cover and geysers, and red symbolizes fiery volcanoes.

The coat of arms was officially approved on June 17, 1944. The shield is supported by four guardian spirits (Il. Landvættir) of Iceland, standing on a slab of columnar basalt: the bull (Il. Griðungur) is the patron saint of South-West Iceland, the giant (Il. Bergrisi) is the patron of South-East Iceland , vulture (Il. Gamur) - North-Western and dragon (Il. Dreki) - North-East. It was adopted in its modern form in 1944, after Iceland was declared a republic. All the characters from the "Earthly Circle" saga.

The saga tells how the Danish ruler ordered a sorcerer to penetrate the shores of Iceland and find a good place for mooring Danish warships. The sorcerer, turning into a whale, went to the island. On the west coast he met a huge fire-breathing dragon. The sorcerer went north, but there he was met by a huge vulture bird. The sorcerer sailed south. There he met a huge bull, which attacked him. Sailing past the Cape of Spirits, he came across a giant holding a club in his hands. The sorcerer eventually returned to the king, reporting that all the shores of Iceland were securely fortified.

Basalt personifies perseverance, courage, and indestructibility.

Historical coats of arms of Iceland

The coat of arms was a Varangian heraldic shield with alternating horizontal white and blue stripes.

The country was founded by immigrants from Norway. She was independent. In 1262, the country actually lost its independence, accepting the power of King Haakon IV of Norway.

Some heraldists believe that this coat of arms is a hoax.

After Iceland became dependent on Norway, a red lion with yellow background. The lower part of the coat of arms remains the same. Thus, the coat of arms is a union of two coats of arms.

The coat of arms was a shield of the Varangian heraldic form of red color, in the center of which was a cut silver cod, above which was a golden crown.

The first mention of this coat of arms dates back to 1593. A copy of the seal (coat of arms) is still kept in the museum, donated to him in 1897. The image of a cod was included in the coat of arms of Denmark in 1820, along with elements of the coats of arms of the Faroe Islands, as well as Greenland. It was in this year that elements of the coat of arms of Norway, over which power was lost, were excluded from the coat of arms of Denmark.

Icelandic coat of arms 1903

The coat of arms was a shield of the Varangian heraldic form of blue color, in the center of which was a silver-colored gyrfalcon bird.

The gyrfalcon belongs to the falcon family (falcon in heraldry).

Iceland was believed to be home to some of the finest falcons.

Since 1921, King Christian X of Denmark established the Order of the Icelandic Falcon, which was awarded “for services to Iceland and humanity.” After the death of a holder of the order, his signs must be returned to the Council of the order.

This coat of arms replaced the image of a falcon. This coat of arms was the prototype for the modern coat of arms.

Sources

• Coats of arms of the world / [Auth.-comp. K.Ya. Nezhinsky]. - M.: Eksmo, 2008. - 192 p.: ill.;
• Official website of the Prime Minister of Iceland (flag page) (English);
• Birgir Thorlacius. Islands vеben // Heraldisk Tidsskrift, Bd. 6, 1989, no. 60.;
• Svane E. Det danske rigsveben og kongevеben. Odense, 1994.

Good evening, dear readers of the Sprint-Answer website. Today is Saturday, which means you can watch the TV game “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?” on Channel One. In this article you can read a text review of the game, as well as find out all the answers in the game “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?” for 14.10.2017.

In the Channel One studio are the participants of the first part of today's TV game "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire" for October 14, 2017: Alexander Rosenbaum And Leonid Yakubovich . The participants in the game chose a fireproof amount of 200,000 rubles.

1. What do you call a driver who travels long distances?

• shooter
• bombardier
• truck driver
• sniper

2. What effect is said to have from buying an expensive item?

• clicks on the purse
• hits your pocket
• shoots at the wallet
• slaps a credit card

3. What is the name of the piglet, the hero of the popular cartoon?

• Frantik
• Fintik
• Wrapper
• Funtik

4. How did the slogan of the era of socialism end: " Current generation Soviet people will live..."?

• don't push
• happily ever after
• under communism
• on Mars

5. According to the laws of physics, what does the lifting force act on?

• tower crane hook
• airplane wing
• alarm clock
• production growth

6. What is the name of the property warehouse in a military unit?

• brazier
• steam room
• capter
• Dryer

7. What part of ginger is most often used in cooking?

• root
• leaves
• stem
• flower

8. How many millimeters are in a kilometer?

• ten thousand
• one hundred thousand
• million
• ten millions

9. What “flared up” in the verses from the film “Jolly Fellows”?

• iron
• flashlight
• wick
• cigarette

10. Where are the ashes of American astronomer Eugene Shoemaker?

• on Mars
• on Jupiter
• on the moon
• on the ground

11. To what pain did the poet Gerich Heine compare love?

• from the head
• with lumbar
• with dental
• with phantom

12. What position did Shota Rustaveli hold at the court of Queen Tamara?

• treasurer
• court poet
• chief vizier
• ambassador

Unfortunately, the players answered the twelfth question incorrectly, but still left the game with a fireproof amount of 200,000 rubles, for which we congratulate them. Further on the Sprint-Answer site will introduce you to a review of the second part of today's release of the game "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?" for October 14, 2017.

In the second part of the game, the players' chairs were occupied Vera Brezhneva And Alexander Revva . The players chose a fireproof amount of 200,000 rubles.

1. Where do you usually put jam during tea drinking?

• into the socket
• into the plug
• into an extension cord
• in the tee

2. What do they say: “Not the light of day”?

• about an extinguished fire
• about early morning
• about the end of the fireworks
• about burnt out plugs

3. What card suit is often called “hearts”?

• clubs
• hearts
• diamonds

4. What are the types of online data stores?

• cloudy
• obese
• rain
• rainbow

5. What became the home of the heroes of the famous Beatles song?

• blue trolleybus
• yellow Submarine
• green train
• last train

6. What was not used for writing in the past?

• papyrus
• bumazea
• parchment
• clay tablets

7. What does the silverback spider fill its underwater nest with?

• wings of flies
• algae
• air bubbles
• pearls

8. What liquid is not usually poured into?

Hello, dear ladies and gentlemen. Today is Saturday, January 3, 2019, and the TV game “Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?” is on on Channel One. The players and presenter Dmitry Dibrov are in the studio.

In this article we will look at one of the interesting and complex issues of today's game. A general article with all the questions and the correct answers to them will soon be published on the site.

Who is not on the coat of arms of Iceland?

Iceland is an island country in the North Atlantic Ocean. It is located between Greenland and Scotland and is located northwest of the Faroe Islands.

Iceland is a country with market economy and relatively low taxes. They support the so-called Scandinavian social system, which provides universal health care and higher education for its citizens. Iceland ranks highly in economic, political and social stability and equality. In 2013, the country was recognized as the 13th most developed country in the world according to the United Nations Human Development Index. Iceland gets its energy almost entirely from renewable energy sources.

Iceland's culture is rooted in the nation's Scandinavian heritage. Most Icelanders are descendants of German and Celtic settlers. Cultural heritage The country includes traditional Icelandic cuisine, Icelandic literature and Icelandic sagas. Iceland is a country with smallest population among all NATO members and the only country without a standing army.

• the Dragon
• polar bear

The coat of arms of Iceland is one of the main state symbols countries. It is an azure shield with a silver Latin cross, burdened with a scarlet Latin cross. The shield is supported by four guardian spirits of Iceland, standing on a slab of columnar basalt: the bull - the patron of South-West Iceland, the giant - of the South-East, the vulture - of the North-West and the dragon - of the North-East. It was adopted in its modern form in 1944, after Iceland was declared a republic.

The correct answer to the quiz question is: polar bear.

Gg. and currently kept at the Royal Dutch Association for Genealogy and Heraldry in The Hague, describes 1,312 medieval coats of arms. Most of them are French coats of arms, however, there are also German ones, as well as 56 royal coats of arms of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. One of the sheets shows the coat of arms of the king of Iceland, that is, the Norwegian king as king of Iceland, after the Icelanders swore allegiance to him in -. The caption reads: le Roi dillande, that is le Roi d'Islande(With fr.-  “King of Iceland”). The coat of arms depicts a scarlet lion with a battle ax on a shield crossed 11 times in silver and azure with a golden head.

The coat of arms of the "King of Iceland" looks the same as the coat of arms of Norway, and was most likely based on it, with the colors reversed. Thus, the golden Norwegian lion on a scarlet field became the scarlet “Icelandic” lion on a golden field.