Polish anthem in Russian. Questions on the Pole's card. State symbols of Poland. The history of the Polish anthem

The anthem of Poland is the composition “Mazurek Dąbrowskiego” (“Dąbrowski’s Mazurka” or “Dąbrowski’s March”), written by Józef Wybicki in 1797.

The original title was “Pieśń Legionów Polskich we Włoszech” (“Song of the Polish Legions in Italy”), also known from the first line – “Jeszcze Polska nie zginęła” (“Poland has not yet perished”).

Poland disappeared from political map Europe as a result of the third partition of Poland in 1795, carried out by Russia, Prussia and Austria.

In 1797, Polish general Jan Henryk Dombrowski, with the permission of Napoleon Bonaparte, created Polish legions in Italy, which, according to Dombrowski’s plan, were supposed to liberate Poland from occupation, but in the summer of the same year Napoleon began negotiations with Austria, which had a bad effect on fighting spirit Polish legionnaires. Józef Wybicki arrived in Italy in the summer of that year, and composed the words of a song that was supposed to cheer up the legionnaires. It was first performed on July 20 by a military orchestra in the rhythm of a mazurka to a Polish folk melody.

(In 1999 in London at Polish language Andrzej Załuski’s book “The Mystery of Dąbrowski’s Mazurka” was published. A detective case from the eighteenth century." In it, Andrzej Załuski puts forward the version that the author of the music of Dąbrowski's Mazurka may have been Michal-Kleofas Ogiński, the author of the famous polonaise).

The words of Dombrowski's Mazurka were influenced by the Marseillaise (War Song of the Army of the Rhine), written by Rouget de Lisle in 1792:

Aux armes citoyens! Formez vos bataillons!

Marchons, marchons,

Qu"un sang impur abreuve nos sillons.

However, the Polish anthem, being essentially a military march, is performed in the dance rhythm of a mazurka.

Meeting of General Jan Henryk Dąbrowski and Józef Wybicki with Napoleon in 1807

The song quickly became very popular in Poland. She became national anthem November 1830 and January Uprising of 1863. During the revolutionary events of 1848 (the so-called “Spring of Nations”) “Dabrowski’s Mazurka” was performed in Prague, Paris, Vienna and Berlin.

The battle song of the Polish legions caused a whole wave of imitations. Several decades later, her motive inspired Ljudevit Gaja to create the anthem song “Croatia Has Not Perished Yet.” The answer to him is a similar essay by Gandri Seiler, “Serbia has not yet perished.” Finally, Pavel Chubinsky writes the words to the anthem “Ukraine is not yet dead.” To the tune of Dombrowski's Mazurka, the Slovak poet Samo Tomaszek composed the song “Hey, Slavs.” Other famous version This song was composed by the Bulgarian poet Shumi Maritsa and subsequently became the anthem of Bulgaria from 1886-1944.

In 1926, Dąbrowski's Mazurka became the national anthem of Poland. During the years of the Polish People's Republic The anthem was usually sung without words. Obviously, the words “Bonaparte gave us an example” did not fit well with the status of socialist Poland, a satellite Soviet Union. And, as you know, you can’t erase a word from a song.

Jeszcze Polska nie zgineła,

Kiedy my żyjemy.

Co nam obca przemoc wzieła,

Szablą odbierzemy.

Marsz, marsz, Dąbrowski,

Z ziemi włoskiej do Polski,

Za twoim przewodem

Złaczym się z people.

Przejdziem Wiłe, przejdziem Warte,

Będziem Polakami,

Dał nam przykład Bonaparte,

Jak zwyciężać mamy.

Marsz, marsz, Dąbrowski...

Jak Czarniecki do Poznania

Po szwedzkim zaborze,

Dla ojczyzny ratowania

Wracał się przez morze.

Marsz, marsz, Dąbrowski...

Mowił ojciec do swej Basi

Cały zapłakany:

"Słuchaj jeno, pono nasi

Biją w tarabany."

Marsz, marsz, Dąbrowski...

Russian translation of the song:

Poland has not yet perished,

While we live.

What the enemy's power took away,

We'll return the sabers.

March, march, Dombrovsky,

From Italy to the Polish land,

Under your guidance

We will unite the people.

Let's cross the Vistula and the Warta,

So that we can be Poles,

Bonaparte gave us an example,

How can we achieve victory?

March, march, Dombrovsky...

How to get to Poznań Czarnecki

During the Swedish devastation,

To save the Fatherland

Let's cross the sea.

March, march, Dombrovsky...

Dad will tell his daughter,

Not hiding my tears here:

"Hey, listen, these are ours

The drums are beating."

March, march, Dombrovsky...

Józef Wybicki's original text of 1797 was somewhat different from the modern one. It included two additional stanzas (in the official text national anthem Poland they are absent). Below is their translation.

Germans and Russians will not settle [in our region]

And they will taste the broadsword

Our slogans will be “Consent”

End of captivity!

We have Racławice braids,

Kosciuszko, and God will help us."

(In the Battle of Racławice on April 4, 1794, Kosciuszko defeated the Russian troops of General Tormasov. Peasants armed with scythes (so-called cosigners) played a decisive role in the battle.

When writing this post, material from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, was used.

Almost the same in Minsk, Moscow and Lvov. They relate to knowledge of history, traditions, religion, government structure. Thus, even having just learned some questions and answers to the Pole’s map, you will know a lot about. In this article we present questions about the State symbols of Poland.

Give a clear answer to the questions posed, as completely as possible; even if you don’t know the answer or don’t understand, don’t be silent - ask to ask the question again. Try to explain that you taught it, but because of excitement you forgot. If you forgot a Polish word, say it in Belarusian or Ukrainian, if you know))).

Poland (Poland), official name - Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Poland). Rzeczpospolita is the Polish interpretation of the name republic. If you (God forbid!) decide to say “Rebublika Polska”, then consider that you have offended a Pole and failed the exam!

Question - Jak wygląda flaga Polski?

The answer is Dwa poziome pasy: czerwony na dole, bialy na gorze.

— What does the Polish flag look like?

— Two horizontal stripes: red - below, white - above.

Such a flag, in accordance with the law, is used by Polish missions abroad, in harbours, at civil airports and airfields, as well as on civil aircraft abroad. In Poland itself, the flag simply does not have a coat of arms. By the way, the shade of red on the flag was officially approved by Polish law. It’s useful to know that if the flag is turned upside down, it will already be the flag of Monaco or Indonesia, maybe that’s why there is a coat of arms on the flag of Poland abroad?

Question – Jak wygląda godło Polski?

The answer is Bialy orzel na czerwonym tle ze złotą koronę.

— What does the coat of arms of Poland look like?

— White eagle on a red background with a gold crown.

A rare question - how many teeth are on the crown - answer 3. The first coat of arms of the Piasts depicted an eagle with a crown of 3 teeth. They may ask which direction the eagle is facing. Moreover, the question sounded the opposite - why does the eagle look to the left? The short answer is that he looks at his right shoulder.

At the same time, it is useful to know the legend about the flag (they may also ask, what legends do you know?)

Według popularnej legendy, założyciel państwa Polan, Lech, podczas postoju w okolicach Poznania ujrzał pod wieczór sporych rozmiarów gniazdo na drzewie. Znajdował się w nim biały orzeł z dwoma pisklętami. Gdy Lech przyglądał się mu, orzeł rozpostarł skrzydła na tle nieba czerwonego od zachodzącego słońca. Lech zachwycił się, postanowił tam osiąść, umieścił orła w swym herbie, a miejsce na pamiątkę nazwał Gniezdnem (obecnie Gniezno) od słowa gniazdo.

According to a well-known Polish legend, the founder of the country of Polan, Lech, during a stopover in the vicinity of Poznan, saw a huge nest in a tree in the evening. An eagle with two chicks was sitting in the nest. When Lech looked at the eagle, he spread his wings against the background of a sky red from the setting sun. Lech fell in love with it, decided to settle there, placing an eagle on his coat of arms, and named the city Gnieznom from the word nest.

Question - Hymn Polski?

The answer is Mazurek Dąbrowskiego.

- National anthem of Poland?

— Mazurka by Dombrowski.

Hence the derivative question - who is the author of the anthem?

Author Józef Rufin Wybicki(author Jozef Rufin Wybicki).

Mazurek Dąbrowskiego – polska pieśń patriotyczna z 1797 roku, od 26 lutego 1927 oficjalny hymn państwowy Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Pierwotnie hymn nazywany Pieśnią Legionów Polskich we Włoszech

Dąbrowski's Mazurka is a Polish patriotic song from 1797, since February 26, 1927 the official anthem of the Republic of Poland. The anthem was originally called "Song of the Polish Legions in Italy".

The question can be asked in reverse order - what is a mazurka?Dombrovsky? The answer is the Polish anthem. Or, what is the “Song of the Polish Legions in Italy”?

Mazurek Dąbrowskiego (Dombrovsky's Mazurka) - We present it with transcription, so it is easier to learn it for those who are still poorly versed in Polish.

When you are learning it is useful to listen to the Polish anthem.

Good to know: W średniowieczu hymnem Polski była „Bogurodzica”. Na przestrzeni wiekow XIV – XVIII Bogurodzica w wersji starobiałoruskiej Bagarodzitsa pełniła także rolę hymnu państwowego Wielkiego Księstwa Litewskiego.

In the Middle Ages, the anthem of Poland was “The Mother of God”; it was also performed before the battles of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

By the way, Basya is possibly Dombrovsky’s beloved, who became his wife in 1806. And also, do not confuse this Dombrovsky (he is the king’s nephew!) with Yaroslav Dombrovsky, who fought in the Paris Commune and was one of the organizers of the Sichnevo uprising!

Marieth Yuzefov Noah Konopnitskaya wrote the poem “Oath” in 1908 ( Rota), which is still popular in Poland and was seriously considered as the Polish anthem.

It’s best to “fix” questions on the Pole’s Map with answers about the state symbols of Poland and not only with such a small cartoon, at the same time you will improve your Polish language.

The constitutionally approved anthem of Poland today is the Mazurka by composer Dąbrowski. The song appeared from the pen of the author two centuries ago, when Poland was going through its hard times. Then Poland’s independence was taken away by force, and its territory was divided among the leaders of the then Europe: Prussia, Russia and Austria-Hungary. At the same time, the first Polish uprising broke out under the leadership of Kosciuszko, but alas, it was doomed to failure from the very beginning. Patriots of that time hoped only for the French Revolution, which could bring liberation to all of Europe, including Poland.

The history of the Polish anthem

One of the main inspirers of the patriotic mood in Poland was the co-author of the Polish Constitution, Jozef Wybicki, who at one time fought for the freedom of the country together with Kosciuszko. It was then for the first time that the world learned about Napoleon, who went on his Italian raid, seizing territories where millions of Austrians were settled. At the same time, the territory of the Republic of Lombardy was liberated, where Dombrowski created the first Polish liberation army, the Polish Legions.

The Polish Legions dreamed of making a campaign against their native lands to liberate Poland from the invaders. Then came the summer of 1979, during which Vybitsky went to Italy. Then he will see how unrealistic the dreams of the legionnaires turned out to be. Napoleon concludes a peace treaty with Austria, and now it is not possible to liberate Poland. And it was precisely at this moment, in order to raise the spirit of the newly formed Polish army, that Vybicki decided to write the words patriotic song. The first lines read, Poland has not yet perished while we are alive. And on July 20 of the same year, the Polish military orchestra performed this song for the first time, setting the words to the music of the Polish folk melody mazurka. The legionnaires sing along with the orchestra, increasingly feeling like they are part of a country that has been captured, but not lost, but only asking for the help of their sons.

Already in 1806, together with French troops, Dąbrowski led the Polish Legions to Poznan. They are again greeted by an orchestra and a song, which later became the national anthem. Everyone knew her then. It was sung in Lithuania, where the French and Poles were preparing for the Russian war. It was sung at meetings of secret societies who dreamed of returning Poland to independence. And only in 1926, Dombrowski's mazurka became the anthem of Poland, and remains so to this day.

Text of the Polish anthem with translation into Russian

Jeszcze Polska nie zginęła,
Poland has not yet perished,
Kiedy my żyjemy.
If we're alive.
Co nam obca przemoc wzięła,
Everything that has been taken away by the enemy,
Szablą odbierzemy.
We'll return the saber.

Marsz, marsz, Dąbrowski…
March, march, Dombrovsky...
Z ziemi włoskiej do Polski,
From Italian land to Poland.
Za twoim przewodem
Under your leadership
Złączym się z narodem.
Let's unite with the people.

Przejdziem Wisłę, przejdziem Wartę,
Let's cross the Vistula, let's cross the Warta,
Będziem Polakami,
Let's be Poles.
Dał nam przykład Bonaparte,
Bonaparte gave us an example
Jak zwyciężać mamy.
How should we win?

Marsz, marsz, Dąbrowski…
March, march, Dombrovsky...

Jak Czarniecki do Poznania
Like Czarnecki in Poznan,
Po szwedzkim zaborze,
After the Swedish occupation,
Dla ojczyzny ratowania
To save the homeland
Wrócim się przez morze.
Let's go back across the sea.

Marsz, marsz, Dąbrowski…
March, march, Dombrovsky...

Już tam ojciec do swej Basi
His father Basho is already there,
Mówi zapłakany:
The tearful one says:
“Słuchaj jeno, pono nasi
“Listen, it looks like ours
Biją w tarabany.”
They beat the drums."

Marsz, marsz, Dąbrowski…
March, march, Dombrovsky...

Polish anthem with words: video

If you find an error, please highlight a piece of text and click Ctrl+Enter.

To correctly understand what is sung in the Polish anthem, you definitely need to know the history and the times in which it was composed. As is known from history, the Polish state was divided more than once. When this happened for the third time, and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was divided between Austria-Hungary, Russia and Prussia, many Poles chose the fate of refugees. A significant part of them found refuge in France and Italy.

Having left the country, these people, however, did not cease to be patriots of their homeland and cherished the hope of the reunification of disunited Poland. One such Pole loyal to his country was Lieutenant General Jan Dabrowski. It was he who proposed the creation of a Polish legion to invade Poland and regain its independence through an uprising. The idea of ​​the uprising was supported by Napoleon Bonaparte (at that time still just a general), who already had considerable aggressive successes in northern Italy.

To raise the morale of the legionnaires, it was decided to create an anthem that could awaken a sense of patriotism and unite under the banner the ideas of the reunification of the Polish state. This plan was realized in 1797. It is a mistake to believe that the text was composed by General Dombrovsky himself. Historians claim that he himself, although he defended the need to study Polish literacy to preserve “Polishness,” had a rather poor command of the language.

The author of the text of the anthem was Dombrowski's comrade-in-arms, Józef Wybicki. The words were set to the melody of a mazurka. And the resulting work was given the name “Dombrovsky’s March” or “Dombrovsky’s Mazurka”. The majestic music came at the perfect time for the text, which appeals to the feeling of unity of the Polish people. The song was quickly taken up by the liberation movement and became the anthem of the uprisings of 1806, 1830 and 1863.

Text of the Polish anthem with transcription

For Russian-speaking audiences, the Polish language is quite difficult to pronounce; in addition, some of the letters of the alphabet are atypical for the Latin alphabet. To avoid misreading, below are the words of the Polish anthem with transcription. For convenience, the text in Polish is written in Russian letters.

Polskaya has not yet died,
We wear sneakers.
Tso nam obtsa pshemots vzenla,
Odbejema template.

March, march, Dombrovsky,
From Zemi Vloski to Polski.
For your pshevodiem
Evil sen and people.

Przeidzem Wislen, Przeidzem Warten,
Bendzem Poles.
Bonaparte gave us pshiklad,
How to praise your mother.

March, march...

Jak Czarnecki to Poznan
According to Swedish gods,
For the Oychizny Ratovanya
Vrucim sen pshez mozhe.

March, march...

Yuzh there ojets to svei Basya
Movies made me cry:
“Listen eno, pono nasi
Biyon in the rams."

March, march...

Text of the Polish anthem in Polish

An interesting fact is that in different time The text of Dombrowski's Mazurka inspired composers and poets to compose hymns and songs of other Slavic peoples. The modified, but still recognizable line “Jeszcze Polska nie zginęła” (“Poland has not yet perished”) can be discerned in the Slovak “Hej, Slováci, ešte naša slovenská reč žije.” The Croats composed their song: “Još Hrvatska ni propala.” The same idea is found in the first line of the anthem of the neighboring country of Poland, “Ukraine is not yet dead.”

Over time, some lines of the original Polish text were excluded from the anthem. This was done, most likely, for reasons of updating it.

Jeszcze Polska nie zginęła,
Kiedy my żyjemy.
Co nam obca przemoc wzięła,
Szablą odbierzemy.

Marsz, marsz, Dąbrowski,
Z ziemi włoskiej do Polski.
Za twoim przewodem
Złączym się z narodem.

Przejdziem Wisłę, przejdziem Wartę,
Będziem Polakami.
Dał nam przykład Bonaparte,
Jak zwyciężać mamy.

Jak Czarniecki do Poznania
Po szwedzkim zaborze,
Dla ojczyzny ratowania
Wrócim się przez morze.

Już tam ojciec do swej Basi
Mówi zapłakany:
“Słuchaj jeno, pono nasi
Biją w tarabany.”

Text of the Polish anthem in Russian

Dabrowski's march in Polish was known throughout the territory of occupied Poland; it was sung by everyone who supported the idea of ​​returning Poland to its independence. Out of a sense of solidarity, the anthem was translated into 17 languages. There was also a text in Russian.

Poland will never perish forever,
If we live!
What our enemies took from us,
We'll bring back the sabers!

March, march Dombrovsky!
From Italy to Poland!
With the people and the country,
Live by one destiny!

Let's cross the Vistula and the Warta,
We will revive Poland!
Bonaparte is our example!
We know: we will win!

March, march Dombrovsky!

Like then Czarnecki in Poznan,
The Swedes fought back.
To save the Motherland,
Let's cross the sea!

March, march Dombrovsky!

And the father will tell his daughter
With joy and tears:
“Listen, Basya! These are ours
They're beating the drums there!"

March, march Dombrovsky!

Listen to the Polish anthem

We can only guess what the Polish anthem sounded like in Russian then, more than two hundred years ago, but it is possible to listen online to a modern version of its performance in Polish in this video:

Historians have not been able to establish for certain the authorship of the music on which the text of March Dombrowski is based. And although there were still options (at one time, researchers seriously believed that the melody was written by Cleophas Oginsky, the same one who created the famous polonaise, but the version was still not confirmed), today it is generally accepted to consider this music folk. Of course, the Polish anthem must be listened to in Polish - the language of a people who have preserved their originality.

The anthem has fulfilled its main function - the unification of the Polish people - and continues to perform to this day. In 2027, Poland will celebrate the 100th anniversary of the proclamation of the Dąbrowski March as the country's official national anthem. Be that as it may, Poland, which today has the status of independence, nevertheless gathered its “children” under its wing. This means that the meaning put into the anthem more than two hundred years ago is worth every word.

The anthem of Poland is the composition “Mazurek Dąbrowskiego” (“Dąbrowski’s Mazurka” or “Dąbrowski’s March”), written by Józef Wybicki in 1797.

The original title is "Pieśń Legionów Polskich we Włoszech" ("Song of the Polish Legions in Italy"), also known by the first line - "Jeszcze Polska nie zginęła" ("Poland is not yet lost"), which is often mistaken for the national motto of Poland.

Poland disappeared from the political map of Europe as a result of the third partition of Poland in 1795, carried out by Russia, Prussia and Austria.

In 1797, the Polish general Jan Henryk Dombrowski, with the permission of Napoleon Bonaparte, created Polish legions in Italy, which, according to Dombrowski's plan, were supposed to liberate Poland from occupation, but in the summer of the same year Napoleon began negotiations with Austria, which had a bad effect on the morale of the Polish legionnaires. Józef Wybicki arrived in Italy in the summer of that year, and composed the words of a song that was supposed to cheer up the legionnaires. It was first performed on July 20 by a military orchestra in the rhythm of a mazurka to a Polish folk melody.

The song quickly became very popular in Poland. It became the national anthem of the November and January uprising.

In 1926, the Dąbrowski March became the national anthem of Poland.

Mazurek Dąbrowskiego (Dąbrowski's Mazurka)

Jeszcze Polska nie zginęła, Poland has not yet perished,
Kiedy my żyjemy. While we live.
Co nam obca przemoc wzięła, Everything that is taken by enemy force,
Szablą odbierzemy. We'll return the sabers.

Marsz, marsz, Dąbrowski, March, Dąbrowski, march, Dąbrowski.
Z ziemi włoskiej do Polski, We are from Rome to the Polish lands.
For twoim przewodem Freedom is at your fingertips
Złączym się z narodem. It will connect us with the people

Przejdziem Wisłę, przejdziem Wartę, We will cross the Vistula with Warta,
Będziem Polakami, So that we can be Poles.
Dał nam przykład Bonaparte, Following the example of Bonaparte
Jak zwyciężać mamy. We can win.

Jak Czarniecki do Poznania How Czarniecki arrived in Poznan,
Po szwedzkim zaborze, Swedish captivity having been released,
Dla ojczyzny ratowania We are for the salvation of the fatherland
Wrócim się przez morze. From across the sea we

Marsz, marsz, Dąbrowski... March, march, Dąbrowski...

Już tam ojciec do swej Basi He will say: “Listen, daughter,” dad,
Mówi zapłakany: Without hiding my tears here, -
"Słuchaj jeno, pono nasi" Hear, our people are advancing:
Biją w tarabany." The drums are beating."

Marsz, marsz, Dąbrowski... March, march, Dąbrowski...

The original text of Dąbrowski's Mazurka included two additional stanzas (they are not included in the official text of the Polish national anthem):

Niemiec, Moskal nie osiędzie, Neither a German nor a Muscovite should settle [in our land],
Gdy jąwszy pałasza Kohl, under the shadow of broadswords,
Hasłem wszystkich zgoda będzie Our cry will be agreement
I Ojczyzna nasza And our Fatherland

Marsz, marsz, Dąbrowski... March, march, Dąbrowski.

Na to wszystkich jedne głosy And our voices will merge into one:
Dosyć tej niewoli! End of captivity!
Mamy Racławickie kosy We have Racławickie braids,
Kościuszkę, Bog pozwoli. Kosciuszko is with us, and God will help us."