Halo is an optical phenomenon of nature. See what "Halo" is in other dictionaries Around the moon, a circle of clouds

Of great interest was the appearance around the moon of circles, pillars, "additional moons". In the Middle Ages, the circles around the moon were considered harbingers of various disasters - from catastrophes to deadly diseases. Of course, these "additional moons" do not carry any danger, but they guarantee a change in the weather.

What do the circles in the sky around the moon mean

This is a well-known optical phenomenon, which is due to the fact that in the atmosphere there are a lot of tiny ice crystals that reflect light rays. Starting from atmospheric ice, the light creates reflections of the real moon, which look like large spots of light to the right or left, and very rarely - in all four directions from the moon itself.

In order for such a phenomenon to occur, it is necessary that the atmosphere be transparent, the night cloudless and very frosty. Usually the formation of false moons is associated with weather of the anticyclonic type, that is, it is cold stable weather. The appearance of light pillars or stripes near the Moon is explained in a similar way.

How scientists explain the lunar circles of the moon

Circles around the moon, or halo, appear due to the collision atmospheric fronts when the stable weather starts to change. For the formation of such circles, it is necessary that light cirrus clouds form in the sky, which serve as a sign of the appearance in the high layers of the atmosphere. large masses warm air.

In winter, the appearance of circles brings warming and snowfalls, and in summer it is not always associated with warming, but precipitation will be guaranteed. Multi-colored rings around the Moon always portend precipitation (such a phenomenon is possible only with a strong atmospheric condensation). In summer it will be rains, in winter - snowfalls.

In this case, the change of weather will come in a day or a day and a half. It is the thickening of the atmosphere, the appearance of clouds in the sky that gives this beautiful optical phenomenon.

Halo, as established, occurs when thin crystalline clouds are located at a height of more than 7 km, and crowns - when thin clouds of a small-drop structure are located at a height of 2 to 5 km. The thickening of the atmosphere occurs in the period from 12 to 36 hours.

And the Moon with “ears”, that is, two light pillars side by side, can only form when ice crystals are in the atmosphere, so it portends frost.

Folk signs associated with circles around the moon

In the old days, close attention was paid to the halo. And, as a rule, such phenomena were considered not the best omen. Circles could portend pestilence, famine, disease, the death of kingdoms and the death of politicians. But such circles could bring much more trouble. ordinary people- peasants and artisans, so most signs associated with lunar circles predict climate change.

In the Russian collection "Kolyadnik" (text of the 18th century, translated from Polish), which was widely used in Rus', the following weather changes are indicated:

• “As soon as the month of January is surrounded, there will be great rains.
• As soon as the month of February is surrounded, there will be little life.
• As soon as the month of April is surrounded, there will be a lot of fruit.
• As soon as the month of July is surrounded, death will be a beast.
• As soon as the month of August surrounds - there will be a lot of fish and honey.
• As soon as the month of September is surrounded, there will be little rain.
• As soon as the month of October is surrounded, it will be dry and there will be little rain.
• As soon as the month of November is surrounded, there will be a lot of life.

Weather science. Folk signs of determining the weather by the moon.

Moon weather prediction.

Folk omens predicting the weather by the moon.

why around the moon big circle? and got the best answer

Answer from Jika[guru]
Ring around the moon
Have you ever seen a large ghostly white ring around the moon at night?
Circles around the moon can be confusing at first. We know that in reality there are no rings around the Moon, rotating in outer space at a distance of about 402,250 km from Earth. But why then do we see a ring around the moon? And why does it appear occasionally, and not every night?
These rings are just an optical effect, a gift from our atmosphere. If you look closely, you will see that the ring is not actually white. It looks more like a dim round rainbow with a light red on the inside and a pale blue on the outside.
The ring around the moon, also known as a halo, appears when light is refracted by ice crystals in tall, cold cirrus clouds. Each hexagonal ice crystal works like a tiny prism. Ice crystals capture rays of white light and refract it, decomposing it into all colors of the spectrum.
The refracted moonlight we see in the form of a circle, because the crystals collect the light into a cone. (You are the observer and are at the top of this cone.) With both hands extended forward, the ring will usually be as wide as two of your fists. In general, it depends on the amount of light caught by the crystals. Most of the moonlight is captured and refracted at an angle of 22°, forming a small cone. But there are also larger halos, with an angle of 46 °, although not so often. Such halos form when moonlight passes through the sharper edges of the crystals.
A halo around the Moon is said to herald rain, and it often does, as it only appears on a cloudy night.
And what is surprising is that at the same time this satellite could have a twin brother.
Here is how, according to scientists, everything could happen. In that destructive race that then unfolded in our Universe, fragments of rocks circled around the newborn Sun, causing numerous terrible collisions. New planets flew into each other, pieces broke off from some astronomical bodies. This chaos continued for millions of years. And when everything finally subsided, formed solar system. Now nine planets, more than 50 satellites and thousands of asteroids, meteorites, meteors and comets are orbiting the Sun.
Perhaps our Moon had a dramatic, violent birth. The young Earth was very hot - so hot that molten rocks flowed in rivers of lava across its surface. According to scientists, a small protoplanet Thea (about the size of Mars) formed near the surface of the Earth. And naturally, these two planets eventually collided.
At a speed of about 40,000 km / h, the smaller planet crashed into the Earth. As a result of a giant explosion, streams of hot liquid lava surged into space.
Some of this volcanic material returned to Earth, mixed with molten rocks. But most of the material that escaped remained in space, forming a ball of hot rocks that flew in orbit around the Earth. Over thousands of years, this lump has cooled and rounded, turning into the well-known white-gray Moon.
Later, when the collision was simulated using a computer program, scientists came to a startling discovery. In 9 out of 27 simulated scenarios, two satellites formed. One of them, preserved, we today call the Moon, the second satellite had an orbit even closer to the Earth.
Computer models showed how, as a result of the action of the forces of gravity, the orbit of the satellite closest to us became unstable. Less than 100 years later, he fell to the surface of the Earth and disappeared without a trace.
If the theories are correct, then we may be walking on pieces of our moon's former brother every day.

Answer from Єantom[guru]
Superimposed sun rays incident on the surface of the Moon and rays reflected from the surface of the Earth's satellite sunlight.

Answer from Evgeny gasnikov[guru]
Halo (great circle) around the Moon - to a change in the weather (to cold weather).

Why is there a big circle around the moon? and got the best answer

Answer from Jika[guru]
Ring around the moon
Have you ever seen a large ghostly white ring around the moon at night?
Circles around the moon can be confusing at first. After all, we know that in reality there are no rings around the Moon, rotating in outer space at a distance of about 402,250 km from the Earth. But why then do we see a ring around the moon? And why does it appear occasionally, and not every night?
These rings are just an optical effect, a gift from our atmosphere. If you look closely, you will see that the ring is not actually white. It looks more like a dim round rainbow with a light red on the inside and a pale blue on the outside.
The ring around the moon, also known as a halo, appears when light is refracted by ice crystals in tall, cold cirrus clouds. Each hexagonal ice crystal works like a tiny prism. Ice crystals capture rays of white light and refract it, decomposing it into all colors of the spectrum.
The refracted moonlight we see in the form of a circle, because the crystals collect the light into a cone. (You are the observer and are at the top of this cone.) With both hands extended forward, the ring will usually be as wide as two of your fists. In general, it depends on the amount of light caught by the crystals. Most of the moonlight is captured and refracted at an angle of 22°, forming a small cone. But there are also larger halos, with an angle of 46 °, although not so often. Such halos form when moonlight passes through the sharper edges of the crystals.
A halo around the Moon is said to herald rain, and it often does, as it only appears on a cloudy night.
And what is surprising is that at the same time this satellite could have a twin brother.
Here is how, according to scientists, everything could happen. In that destructive race that then unfolded in our Universe, fragments of rocks circled around the newborn Sun, causing numerous terrible collisions. New planets flew into each other, pieces broke off from some astronomical bodies. This chaos continued for millions of years. And when everything finally settled down, the solar system was formed. Now nine planets, more than 50 satellites and thousands of asteroids, meteorites, meteors and comets are orbiting the Sun.
Perhaps our Moon had a dramatic, violent birth. The young Earth was very hot - so hot that molten rocks flowed in rivers of lava across its surface. According to scientists, a small protoplanet Thea (about the size of Mars) formed near the surface of the Earth. And naturally, these two planets eventually collided.
At a speed of about 40,000 km / h, the smaller planet crashed into the Earth. As a result of a giant explosion, streams of hot liquid lava surged into space.
Some of this volcanic material returned to Earth, mixed with molten rocks. But most of the material that escaped remained in space, forming a ball of hot rocks that flew in orbit around the Earth. Over thousands of years, this lump has cooled and rounded, turning into the well-known white-gray Moon.
Later, when the collision was simulated using a computer program, scientists came to a startling discovery. In 9 out of 27 simulated scenarios, two satellites formed. One of them, preserved, we today call the Moon, the second satellite had an orbit even closer to the Earth.
Computer models showed how, as a result of the action of the forces of gravity, the orbit of the satellite closest to us became unstable. Less than 100 years later, he fell to the surface of the Earth and disappeared without a trace.
If the theories are correct, then we may be walking on pieces of our moon's former brother every day.

Answer from Єantom[guru]
Superimposed sun rays falling on the surface of the Moon and rays of sunlight reflected from the surface of the Earth's satellite.

Answer from Evgeny gasnikov[guru]
Halo (great circle) around the Moon - to a change in the weather (to cold weather).

My mother called, who is lying on the beach right now))) And she says - "I see a circle around the sun"))) I went out into the street, there already cirrus clouds blocked the sun ... I didn’t see ...

But [b] read about it recently)))

(Probably the weather will get worse...)

Here:

Halo- this is the refraction and reflection of light in the ice crystals of clouds upper tier; are light or iridescent circles around the Sun or Moon (an example of a photograph of the lunar halo), separated from the luminary by a dark gap. Halos are often observed in front of cyclones (in cirrostratus clouds, their warm front) and therefore can serve as a sign of their approach.

Halo around the Sun in cirrostratus clouds

As a rule, halos appear as circles with a radius of 22 or 46°, the centers of which coincide with the center of the solar (or lunar) disk. The circles are faintly colored in iridescent colors (red inside).
Halos are the surest sign of deteriorating weather. So, at the end of March 1988, calm, sunny spring weather settled in Moscow and the Moscow region. But one evening, a halo was observed around the Moon; and the next day the weather deteriorated sharply.
From the book "Meteorology and Climatology" S.P.Khromov, M.A.Petrosyants: "In addition to the main halo forms, false suns are observed - slightly colored light spots at the same level with the Sun and at an angular distance from it also 22 or 46 °. K sometimes various tangent arcs are attached to the main circles.There are still uncolored vertical columns passing through the solar disk, i.e., as if continuing it up and down, as well as an uncolored horizontal circle at the same level with the Sun.
The colored halos are explained by the refraction of light in hexagonal prismatic crystals of ice clouds, the uncolored (colorless) forms are explained by the reflection of light from the faces of the crystals. The variety of halo shapes depends mainly on the types and movement of crystals, on the orientation of their axes in space, and also on the height of the Sun. The halo at 22° is due to the refraction of light by the lateral faces of the crystals with a random orientation of their principal axes in all directions. If the main axes have a predominantly vertical direction, then on both sides of the solar disk (also at a distance of 22 °), instead of a bright circle, two bright spots appear - false suns.
The halo at 46° (and false suns at 46°) are due to the refraction of light between the side faces and bases of the prisms, i.e. with a refractive angle of 90°.
The horizontal circle is due to the reflection of light by the side faces of vertically arranged crystals, and the sun column is due to the reflection of light from crystals located predominantly horizontally.

In thin water clouds, consisting of small homogeneous drops (usually these are altocumulus clouds) and covering the disk of luminaries, due to diffraction, the phenomena of the crowns. Crowns also appear in fog near artificial light sources. The main, and often the only part of the crown - light circle small radius, closely surrounding the disk of the luminary (or an artificial light source). The circle is mostly bluish in color and only outer edge- reddish. It is also called a halo. It may be surrounded by one or more additional rings of the same, but of a lighter color, not close to the circle and to each other. Halo radius 1-5°. It is inversely proportional to the diameters of the droplets in the cloud, so it can be used to determine the size of the droplets in the clouds.
The rims around artificial light sources of small size (compared to the disks of the luminaries) have richer iridescent colors.

Folk omens halo related:
- After the appearance of fast moving cirrus clouds, the sky is covered with a transparent (like a veil) layer of cirrostratus clouds. They are found in circles near the Sun or Moon (a sign of worsening weather).
- A halo is visible around the Sun or Moon (a sign of worsening weather).
- In winter - white crowns large diameter around the Sun or the Moon, as well as pillars near the Sun, or the so-called false suns (a sign of the preservation of frosty weather).
- The ring around the moon - to the wind (weather deterioration).

Let us quote the book by V.A. Mezentsev "Religious superstitions and their harm" (Moscow, 1959). Here is what is written there about the above phenomena: "Here, for example, what a complex and rare halo in its form was actually observed in the spring of 1928 in the city of Bely, Smolensk region. At about 8-9 o'clock in the morning on both sides of the Sun - to the right and left - two bright, iridescent, false suns are visible. They had short, slightly curved whitish tails. The real Sun was in the center of a luminous circle. In addition, several luminous arcs were visible in the sky. It was such arcs that in past centuries were taken for curves fiery swords hanging in the sky.
And on November 28, 1947, a complex halo around the Moon was observed in the city of Poltava. The moon was in the center of the light circle. New moons were also visible on the circle to the right and left, or, as they are often called, paracelens; the left paraselen was brighter and had a tail. The halo circle was not visible in its entirety. It was brightest in its upper part and on the left. At the top of the halo circle was a bright tangent arc.

How can such extraordinary images be obtained in the air? What are the reasons for this interesting natural phenomenon? Studying the appearance of a halo in the sky, scientists have long noticed that they occur when the Sun is covered with a white, brilliant haze - a thin veil of high cirrus clouds. Such clouds float at a height of 6-8 kilometers above the earth and consist of the smallest ice crystals, which are most often in the form of hexagonal columns or plates. Rising and falling in the air currents, ice crystals, like a mirror, reflect or, like a prism, refract the sun's rays falling on them. At the same time, reflected rays from some crystals can enter our eyes. Then we watch various forms halo. Here is one of these forms: a light horizontal circle appears in the sky, encircling the sky parallel to the horizon. Scientists conducted special experiments and found that such a circle occurs due to the reflection of sunlight from the side faces of ice hexagonal crystals floating in the air in a vertical position. The rays of the Sun fall on such a crystal, are reflected from it, as from a mirror, and fall into our eyes. But our eyes cannot detect the curvature of light rays, so we see the reflected image of the Sun not where it actually is, but on a straight line coming from the eyes, and the image will be seen at the same height at the same height above the horizon as actual sun. This phenomenon is similar to how we see the image of a light bulb in a mirror at the same time as the light bulb itself. There are a lot of such vertically floating mirror crystals in the air. They all reflect the sun's rays. The mirror images of the Sun, falling into our eyes from individual crystals, merge, and we see a solid bright circle parallel to the horizon. Or it happens like this: The sun has just gone below the horizon, and a bright pillar suddenly appears in the dark evening sky. In this play of light, as shown by special experiments, ice plates participate, floating in the atmosphere in a horizontal position. The rays of the Sun, which has just gone beyond the horizon, fall on the oscillating lower edges of such plates, are reflected and fall into the eyes of the observer. When there are many such crystals in the air, the mirror images of the Sun that fall into our eyes from individual ice plates merge into one, and we see a stretched image of the solar disk distorted beyond recognition - a luminous column appears in the sky. Against the background of the evening dawn, it sometimes has a reddish color. With a phenomenon like this, each of us met more than once. Remember the solar or lunar "path" on the water. Here we see exactly the same distorted reflected Sun or Moon, only the role of a mirror is performed not by ice crystals, but by the surface of the water. Have you ever seen a bright rainbow circle surrounding the Sun? This is also one of the forms of the halo. It has been established that this halo is formed when there are many hexagonal ice crystals in the air, which refract the sun's rays like a glass prism. We do not see most of these refracted rays, they are scattered in the air. But from some crystals, directed rays also enter our eyes. Such crystals are located in the sky in a circle around the Sun. All of them seem to us illuminated, and in this place we see a light circle, slightly colored in iridescent tones. We do not always see one form or another of the halo completely in the sky. For example, in winter, during severe frosts, two light spots appear on both sides of the Sun. These are parts of the halo circle. In another case, only the upper part of such a circle is visible - above the Sun. In the past, it was often mistaken for a luminous crown. The same happens with a horizontal circle passing through the Sun. Most often, only that part of it that adjoins the Sun is visible; then we observe in the sky, as it were, two bright tails stretching to the right and left of the Sun. It is not difficult to understand how luminous crosses appear in the air. From the Sun, which is low at the horizon or has already gone beyond the horizon, a long luminous column stretches upward. This column intersects with the part of the halo circle visible above the Sun, and a large luminous cross appears in the sky. Two crosses may appear. This happens when the sky shows the vertical parts of the halo circle and parts of the horizontal circle adjacent to the Sun; intersecting, they give two crosses on either side of the Sun. In other cases, instead of crosses, only luminous spots are visible, which are close in size to the Sun. They are called false suns. Usually this type of halo is observed when the Sun is not high above the horizon. Specially conducted experiments show that hexagonal crystals participate in the formation of false suns, which float in the air not randomly, but in such a way that their axes are predominantly vertical. IN northern regions, where a halo is generally observed much more often, suns can be seen dozens of times a year. Often they are so bright that they are not inferior to the Sun itself. Thus science explains the manifold, mysterious phenomena halo and exposes religious superstitions. By studying various phenomena associated with the passage of light in the atmosphere, our scientists not only give them a scientifically correct, materialistic explanation, but also use the acquired knowledge for the development of science. So, the observations of the crowns, which we talked about, helps to determine the size of ice crystals and water drops, from which various clouds are formed. Observations of crowns and halos also make it possible to predict the weather scientifically. So, if the crown that appears gradually decreases, precipitation can be expected. An increase in crowns, on the contrary, portends the onset of dry, clear weather.