What is the difference between Scots pine and Siberian pine. Cedar boards: material characteristics and main areas of application. Distribution of Siberian pine

The choice of material such as cedar board, pine or aspen - a very responsible task. It’s quite easy for an ignorant person to make a mistake in this matter, so before you start buying lumber, you should read this article.

What is the board made of - aspen, cedar and others

You can recognize the type of lumber by its characteristic color and pattern. Of course, only a specialist can distinguish, for example, a Christmas tree from a pine tree, but an aspen board will be noticeably different from them both in color and structure. They also differ in properties. Boards made of coniferous wood, unlike aspen, are not suitable for finishing steam rooms, as they will release resin over a long period of time. Secondly, the difference in price can reach several times. So, how can you determine which board is in front of you and what it is used for?

Cedar board. In fact, boards that are called cedar are very rarely made from real cedar. The fact is that in Russia cedar is the name given to Siberian cedar pine, which, by and large, has nothing in common with real cedar, growing, for example, in Lebanon. But it is almost impossible to find material from this tree, and the price will be, to put it mildly, rather high. Distinguish boards from Siberian cedar It is quite difficult for a non-professional to handle ordinary pine trees. It is believed that the wood of the first is slightly reddish, but this, unfortunately, is not always the case. Therefore the most reliable way to recognize “cedar” is to smell it. The smell should be very bright and persistent. However, to make sure that what you are looking at is not pine, it is best to take a specialist with you when you go shopping.

Unlike other conifers, cedar wood does not rot, and in strength can be compared with stone or metal. Cedar boards do not burn, and one of the main enemies of wood - wood-boring beetles - simply bypasses it. The density of Siberian cedar boards is low, so it is impossible to make any important structures from it.

Pine boards, along with spruce boards, are the most popular lumber. As a rule, at construction sites such boards are sold mixed - that is, you may find both spruce and pine. Many experts believe that spruce is still preferable, since it is less susceptible to rotting and better retains accumulated heat. You can distinguish lumber from these two types of wood by the number of knots - there will be much fewer of them on spruce boards than on pine boards. Their scope in construction is extensive. They are used to make formwork, rafters, sheathing, and subfloors. In addition, pine and spruce wood is the most popular material for the manufacture of various moldings (platbands, baseboards, layouts, etc.), window and door blocks, and lining.

Aspen board. Most often, such boards are used for finishing steam rooms, since they, unlike coniferous ones, do not release resin when heated. In addition, aspen lumber does not rot in a humid environment, and, according to many experienced bath attendants, it “takes away” old steam. Such wood can be distinguished not only by its denser structure and whitish color than that of spruce and pine, but also by its light, slightly bitter odor. However, you need to smell the aspen properly - if it has a hint of vanilla, it means the tree has begun to rot.

Marking of boards and their grades

To determine the grade of a particular coniferous edged board or timber, there are special standards. They include the number of knots, cracks, wormholes and other defects. The highest, so-called “zero” grade implies their complete absence, so it is very rare on sale and is expensive. The sizes of boards and beams, both premium and other grades, can be different - from 22x100 to 250x300 mm.

A certain number of “live” knots are allowed in first grade boards, but other defects, according to the standards, must be absent. Lumber of the second and third grades may have wood from the core of the tree. In addition, third-grade wood may contain so-called fungal core spots, that is, areas infected with wood-destroying and wood-coloring microorganisms. There is also wood of the fourth grade, but it is not recommended for use in construction. You can also find so-called unedged boards on sale. They can be distinguished by the wane (remnants of bark) on the edges. Such boards are not sorted.

Hardwood is divided into first, second and third grade boards. In general, a grade 1 board should be as high quality as a coniferous “null” board. A board of grade 2, therefore, roughly corresponds to first-grade coniferous wood, and grade 3 is second-grade. Marking will also help you find out what type of lumber. The highest grade (for softwood lumber) is marked at the end with one horizontal stripe.

For both coniferous and deciduous materials, the first, second and third grades are indicated by one, two or three dots or vertical stripes, respectively.

Types of boards - variety of materials

In addition to edged and unedged boards, you can find other materials on sale:

• Lining;
• batten;
• block house;
• imitation timber.

Let's look at each of them in more detail.

The lining is a tongue-and-groove plank, polished on one or both sides, with a thickness of 12.5 to 22 mm. The individual elements of this lumber are joined together using the “tenon-to-groove” principle. It can be either industrial or (less commonly) natural drying. Lining is used for finishing cladding of ceilings and walls both indoors and outdoors.

Floor board - pine, aspen, etc. Unlike lining, it is thicker (from 28 to 40 mm). As a rule, it is sanded only from the front side. On the “underside” of the floorboard, special grooves are made to relieve tension from the wood during operation. Unlike lining, the groove of which does not fully fit into the tenon, thereby forming a coating pattern, individual floorboards are fixed tightly together, without any gaps.

Imitation timber and blockhouse. Just like lining, these lumber are intended for wall cladding and are joined according to the same principle, the only difference is in the profile of the boards themselves. After installation, the imitation timber coating resembles a wall made of real planed timber with a rectangular cross-section. If a blockhouse is used for finishing, then the wall will turn out exactly the same as from a rounded log.

So, having understood the varieties and grades of lumber, you can confidently go shopping without fear of being deceived. The saying that knowledge is power is true in this case as well.

Cedar, pine, spruce are trees that, by definition, belong to the Pine family. However, despite their external similarity, these plants have a number of significant differences.

Places of growth

Cedars grew in the subtropical climate zone of the Mediterranean, mountainous Crimea and the Himalayas. In accordance with the name of the area where the tree grows, it is usually divided into types: Lebanese, and so on. Pines spread in the temperate subtropical climate of Eurasia and North America. Scientists identify about 200 varieties of pine trees. Spruces and pines are evergreen trees. Living conditions are created by different forms of plants from bushes to trees with large crowns.

Characteristics

The monoecious cedar plant reaches 50 m in height, is evergreen, and has an impressive spreading crown. The spirally arranged needles are collected in bunches. Each needle resembles a needle and is triangular in emerald-steel color.

Pine is also a monoecious plant with short or long needles. A bunch consists of two to five needles. If a tree is damaged, rosettes begin to form on it, and short needles grow from them. Their color depends on the climate and soil composition and varies from light silver to rich green.

Cedar cones are arranged singly, in candles, and have a barrel-shaped shape. The cone ripens in the second or third year of formation. Pine cones are oblong in shape and hang from the branches. Spruce also has needle-like, but shortened needles. The roots of this tree do not go deep, but are located on the surface layers; spruce requires fertile and moist soil.

The difference between spruce and pine is that pine is light-loving, and spruce is shade-tolerant. Pollination of the first and second species occurs with the help of wind. Pine is widely used in the economy, its wood is a valuable material for carpentry and construction, and it is used as fuel. This tree is a raw material for the extraction of tar, resin and turpentine.

General conclusions regarding differences

The number of varieties of pine and spruce is tens of times greater than the number of cedar species. The growing area of ​​pine is much wider than that of cedar. Morphological characteristics and the variability in size in pine is also much more diverse. A cedar bundle consists of more needle-shaped needles. Pine is less capricious in its choice of soil; its long, powerful roots go deep into the ground, which means the tree can feed on moisture and nutrients located in the deep layers of the earth.

Cedar and pine are two trees that belong to the same Pine family. Despite their external similarity, both plants have a number of significant differences.

Definition

Cedar is a genus of trees in the Pine family, which consists of only a few species.

Lebanese cedar

Pine is a genus of trees in the Pine family, numbering about 120 species.

Comparison

Cedars are common within the subtropical climate zone– Mediterranean, mountainous Crimea, Himalayas. Therefore, there are only a few types of these plants - Lebanese, Himalayan and Atlas cedar.

Pines are common in temperate and subtropical climates in Eurasia and North America. Today there are about 200 species of pine trees on Earth. Pines are evergreens. Depending on living conditions, they look like large trees with a crown different shapes, and miniature shrubs.

Cedar is a monoecious plant reaching 50 meters in height. The tree is evergreen and has a characteristic, spreading crown. The needles are arranged spirally, collected in bunches of 30-40 pieces each. An individual needle resembles a needle. It can be triangular or tetrahedral, painted in a special emerald-steel color.

Pine is a monoecious plant with long or short needles. From two to five long needles are collected in a bunch, the number of which forms the basis of the taxonomy of pine trees. When damaged, rosettes form on the tree, from which short needles grow. The color of the green mass of pine depends on the climate and soil quality, and therefore varies from light silver to intense green.

Cedar cones are located singly, “stick out” like candles, and have a special barrel-shaped shape. Such a cone ripens in the second or third year of its formation. This seed incubation organ is characterized by the presence of numerous, spirally arranged scales, to which tiny ones are attached - only 15% of the total weight of the cone! - winged seeds. The embryo of the future cedar consists of 8-10 cotyledons. When a seed falls into the soil, a new cedar sprout is able to grow - “hatch” in just 3 weeks.

Pine cones have a characteristic oblong shape, do not “stick out”, but hang sadly from the branches. While the seed is ripening, the scales fit very tightly, but upon ripening they open, “releasing” the seeds. For each scale there are a pair of winged or wingless seeds. A very small pine embryo has from 4 to 15 cotyledons. Germination time depends on the type and geographical location of the plant.

Thanks to more widespread and the number of species, pine is more intensively used by humans.

Conclusions website

1. The number of pine species is tens of times greater than the number of cedar species.
2. The distribution area of ​​pine is much wider than that of cedar.
3. The morphology and size of pine are much more diverse than cedar.
4. There are more needles in a cedar bundle than in a pine bundle.
5. Pine trees have more economic importance for humanity.

If you need reliability and durability, then they can be used for work different breeds trees that are well suited for certain operating conditions. An option such as cedar flooring is used for rooms with high humidity, although this breed can be used in any room and even outside, since the material has a number of positive properties, which we will talk about in this review.

Material characteristics

As for the main indicators, here it is necessary to highlight several of the most significant factors:

Based on all the above indicators, we can conclude that the material is very light. And its resistance to humidity is very high. It should also be noted that cedar is a soft wood, which limits its use in load-bearing structures and other elements subject to high loads.

Important!
It should be noted that other material is often sold under the guise of cedar, so below we will tell you how to distinguish the real option.

Differences between the option under consideration and the scope of its application

Cedar is one of the materials that are in steady demand and have been used in the decoration of residential and other premises since ancient times, but nowadays it is very difficult to find an original option on the market, so first of all we will tell you how not to make a mistake when choosing.

How to distinguish cedar

Let us immediately note that this type of tree grows in a subtropical climate and in our country is found only in the area Crimean peninsula, the bulk of harvested wood is of Asian origin. Regarding the overwhelming volumes of material of this type, sold in our country, then this is cedar pine, which grows in Siberia and has a rather mediocre relationship to real cedar.

That is why the question is how to distinguish cedar plank from pine, is very important and requires special attention.

A simple instruction will help you with this:

• The most significant criterion will be the price, since delivery of material from Lebanon or the Himalayas itself costs a lot, and if the difference in cost with pine is even 50%, then most likely you are looking at the Siberian analogue. Never listen to sellers who claim that cedar pine is a cedar that grows in Siberia, since this is not true, and many experts do not even know about it;
• If you use an unedged board, you can also pay attention to the bark, in cedar it is thinner, but it differs in texture from ordinary pine;
• As for color, most often the material has a pink tint; sometimes there are options that are closer to beige, but this is the exception rather than the rule. The presence of yellowness and clearly traced wood fibers is the most a clear sign the fact that in front of you is a cedar pine tree;

Cedar and pine are coniferous trees. At first glance, they are very similar, but in reality this is not the case at all. In order to distinguish trees, you should know not only them external features. They differ significantly in the specifics of their growth.

How to distinguish cedar from pine? This is what is presented short story in this article.

general information

Today the number is tens of times higher than the number of cedar species. And it grows in wider areas. In addition, variability in sizes and birth characteristics pine has much more variety.

It is less capricious to the soil, since its powerful and long roots go deep into the ground, and therefore the tree feeds on nutrients and moisture from the deep layers of the earth.

Places of growth

Cedars grow in the subtropics of the mountainous Crimea, the Mediterranean and the Himalayas. Depending on the name of the area where they grow, they are divided into types: Himalayan, Crimean, Lebanese, etc.

Pines grow more in temperate subtropical climates North America and Eurasia. In total, scientists identify 200 varieties of this coniferous plant. Both cedar and pine are evergreen trees. Various natural conditions create and various forms plants from bushes to trees with huge crowns.

Peculiarities

How do cedar and pine grow? Cedar is a monoecious evergreen plant, and the height of the tree with an impressive spreading crown can reach up to 50 meters. The needles, collected in bunches, have a spiral arrangement. Each needle-like needle has a triangular shape and is painted in emerald-steel color. Cedar cones, arranged singly and shaped like a barrel, stand on the shoots like candles. They ripen in the second or third year of formation.

Pine, which also has long or shortened needles. Needles of two to five pieces are also collected in a bunch. When damage appears on a tree, rosettes form at this place, from which needles gradually grow. The color of the needles depends on climate conditions and soil composition. It can vary from rich green to light with a silver tint. Pine cones are oblong in shape and hang from the branches.

Wood

How does cedar differ from pine when using their wood as a building material?

Materials made from many coniferous woods, due to their characteristics, are widely used in the construction of bathhouses, houses, gazebos and other objects. The material is popular in interior decoration. But it should be noted that coniferous species are different and have differences in quality.

How to distinguish cedar from pine? How not to make a mistake in choosing material for construction? The properties of these two breeds are similar in many ways, and yet there are some differences. Pine is subject to severe drying out, so this is not very durable material. In addition, after drying it appears deep furrows. Cedar in this regard is slightly different from pine; it also has other positive aspects, the main ones of which are the following: a beneficial effect on humans and the preservation of the original appearance longer time.

A little about the benefits of pine cones

It should be noted the benefits of pine cones. Absolutely all parts of the plant are used in folk medicine. Its fruits are especially beneficial.

Pine cones are a treasure trove large quantity useful substances. Young buds, rich in valuable biologically active compounds, are very useful. They are used in folk medicine for the following purposes:

Finally

The main differences between cedar and pine:

• The plant is taller than a pine tree.
• It has a longer lifespan (up to approximately 800 years) compared to pine (up to 120 years).
• Flowering occurs later.
• Fewer grooves in the wood.
• Thermal conductivity is 30% less than that of pine, which is associated with greater porosity.