The main performance characteristics of the combat capabilities of pla los angeles. Los Angeles-class nuclear submarines. nuclear submarine

The largest in terms of the number of ships built according to one project with nuclear power plants, the Los Angeles type combined the speed advantages of the Skipjack type boats and the capabilities modern weapons boats of the types "Permeet" and "Sturgeon". The significant increase in size was mainly the result of the installation of the new S6G pressurized water reactor, which was based on the D2G reactor installed on the Bainbridge and Trakstan-class nuclear cruisers.

The reactor is restarted once every ten years. Initially, the boats were equipped with search and fire control passive-active GAK BQQ-5. Starting with the USS San Juan (SSN-751), the BSY-1 was installed. Two U.S. Navy submarines, the Augusta and the Sheyenne, were equipped with the BQG-5D sonar with extended onboard hydrophones. All boats were equipped with an active short-range sonar BQS-15 for ice reconnaissance. Other means of detection included the MI-DAS system (Mine and Ice Detection Avoidence System - a system for detecting and evading mine and ice danger), first installed on the San Juan boat, in addition, all subsequent boats had a noise-absorbing coating and horizontal rudders, transferred from the cabin fence to the bow of the hull.

Soviet "Victor".
Thanks to their electronic systems, this type of boat was supposed to be extremely effective for anti-submarine operations, although during the initial deployment of Soviet Alpha I boats to patrol areas, they, using their superiority in underwater speed, were able to easily evade those pursuing them. boats of the Los Angeles type off the coast of Iceland. During operations against the Soviet nuclear boats For conventional projects, success was entirely dependent on discovery and tracking capabilities. The modern GAK BQQ-5 made it possible to simultaneously establish contact and maintain it for a long time with two Soviet nuclear submarines of the Viktor type.
This type of boat is distinguished by powerful armament, including Tomahawk Tactical Land Attack Missile (TLAM) submarine-to-shore tactical missiles with a range of 900 and 1700 km (559 and 1056 miles). At present, modifications of the TLAM-C missile with a monoblock warhead weighing 454 kg (1000 pounds) and TLAM-D, which delivers a payload to a distance of 900 km, are used. Standard monobloc warhead loaded with conventional explosives. can be replaced by a 318 kg (692 lb) shaped charge warhead. In order to overcome the problem associated with the lack of storage space for ammunition, starting with the USS Providence (SSN-719), all boats are equipped with vertical launch systems, and Tomahawk missile launchers are located outside the pressure hull behind the bow hydrophones GAK. Although Tomahawk missiles can carry nuclear warheads, they are not permanently armed with them.

In addition, boats can also be armed with 21-inch (533 mm) Mk 48 torpedoes with active-passive homing or wire guidance. Homing is used at ranges up to 50 km (31 miles) or 38 km (23 miles) by guided samples in echo direction finding or noise direction finding modes, respectively. The torpedoes have a 267-kilogram (588-pound) warhead, the Los Angeles-class boats have 26 Mk 48s. Another option for loading ammunition is 14 torpedoes and 12 tactical missiles"Submarine-shore Tomahawk" The missiles are launched from four launch silos located in the central part of the hull. Los Angeles-class boats have already taken part in operations in Iraq, Kosovo and Afghanistan. In addition, boats also continue to operate under the ice; In mid-2001, the USS Scranton (SSN-756) surfaced in the Arctic ice. 11 boats of this type were decommissioned from the fleet.

Main performance characteristics Los Angeles class

Normal displacement: 6080-6330 t
Full displacement: 6927-7177 t
Length: 110 m
Width: 10 m
Draft: 9.75 m
Power plant: single-shaft, S6G nuclear reactor, two steam turbines, power plant capacity 35,000 hp
Speed: surface 22 / underwater 30 knots
Armament: 4 Harpoon and 8 Tomahawk missiles in 12 vertical launchers; 4 533-mm TA, 24 torpedoes Mk.48, Mk.46 or mines
Crew: 14 officers and 127 sailors

Multipurpose nuclear submarines Los type Angeles

The backbone of today's submarine forces general purpose The US Navy makes up the Los Angeles-class submarine. Los Angeles-class nuclear submarines are designed to solve the problems of combating enemy submarines and surface ships, guarding nuclear missile submarines and aircraft carrier strike formations. It also provides for the use of nuclear submarines to protect sea and ocean communications, mine laying and strikes against enemy coastal targets. cruise missiles long range.
The design of this nuclear submarine was developed at the end of 1971 by the American company Newport News Shipbuilding. The lead boat of the series - SSN688 Los Angeles was laid down in January 1972, and in November 1976. entered service. The construction of the entire gigantic series of 62 ships, even by American standards, was carried out until September 1996, when the nuclear submarine SSN773 Cheyenne went into operation.
Los Angeles-class submarines have a single-hull architecture over most of their length and, unlike all previous series, do not have light hull structures in the area of ​​auxiliary machinery compartments.
The hull, made of high-strength steel, is a cylindrical shell ending at the stern and bow with cones with hemispherical tops. Pipes of four torpedo tubes pass through the nose cone at an angle to the centreline. The robust hull is divided by transverse bulkheads into 3 compartments: central, reactor and turbine.
The first compartment is divided into three decks. It houses the central control post on the upper deck, the crew's living quarters on the second deck, the rooms for torpedo tubes and spare torpedoes on the third deck, and the battery and tanks in the hold. In the aft part there are rooms for auxiliary mechanisms and tanks. The second compartment contains a steam generating plant with an S6G reactor, and the third compartment contains a steam turbine plant and other mechanical equipment.
The buoyancy margin of the boat is 15%.
The standard displacement of a Los Angeles-type nuclear submarine is 2000-2400 tons more than that of the previous series, which is primarily due to the use of a more powerful nuclear power plant and new electronic equipment, as well as increased ammunition.
As the main power plant, the boat is equipped with a nuclear power plant developed by General Electric, the composition of which is standard for all serial nuclear boats. It includes a steam generating plant with an S6G reactor and two turbines that transmit rotation through a gearbox to a seven-blade propeller.
Compared to the previously used serial reactors of the S5W type from Westinghouse Electric Corp. The S6G reactor can deliver more than twice the power to the shaft and has higher percentage natural circulation of the primary coolant. This improves reliability and reduces noise due to the rejection of high-capacity pumps, simplifies electrical equipment and control equipment. Its service life between recharges is about 10 years.
The armament on the Los Angeles-type nuclear submarine is combined into a torpedo-missile system, which has 4 torpedo tubes installed at an angle to the center plane of the boat, as well as ammunition for torpedoes, anti-submarine and anti-ship missiles and cruise missiles for firing at ground targets.
Typical ammunition of the first sub-series of nuclear submarines (SSN688-SSN718) consists of 14 torpedoes, four Harpoon anti-ship missiles and 8 Tomahawk cruise missiles.
Harpoon missiles on submarines are in hermetic capsules - launch containers in which anti-ship missiles are fired from TA. After leaving the water, the capsule is divided into three parts and sinks. The flight of anti-ship missiles continues during the operation of the launch booster. At the same time, the consoles are automatically opened, the sustainer engine is started and enters the flight mode, and the launch accelerator is separated from the CR. The flight of the missile to the area where the target is located, the coordinates of which are determined by the ASBU according to the SAC PL, takes place at a relatively low altitude (30m). After capturing the target with an active RLGSN in the final flight segment, the rocket descends to the very surface of the water and hits the target or gains altitude by diving on it.
KR Tomahawk, unlike RCC Harpoon, does not have a sealed capsule. Its sustainer engine and the rocket itself are sealed during underwater launch. After firing from the TA, the KR moves under water due to the energy of the water supplied to it by the turbopump. With the subsequent switching on and operation of the launch accelerator, the rocket is brought to the surface, where the wing panels are deployed and the air intake of the sustainer engine, retracted flush with the body, is folded outward. The latter is launched and enters the flight mode of operation, and the launch booster is separated from the rocket. For use with submarines, including nuclear submarines of the Los Angeles type, Tomahawk missiles of several modifications have been created for firing at ground targets with conventional (non-nuclear) warheads (TLAM) and nuclear warheads (TLAM-N), as well as for destroying ships and vessels ( TASM).
The disadvantage of the submarines of the first sub-series was the impossibility of salvo fire with a significant number of cruise missiles, since there were only 4 torpedo tubes, some of which were supposed to contain torpedoes for self-defense. For this reason, the second sub-series (SSN719-SSN750) was built with vertical launchers for Tomahawk cruise missiles located in the developed nose of the pressure hull. Such a launcher can accommodate 12 Tomahawk launchers in special CLS launch canisters developed by Westinghouse Electric Corp. They protect missiles from the effects of sea water and ensure that they are fired from a submerged position.
The CLS launch container is a steel cylinder 7.6 m long and 0.61 m in diameter, the ends of which are sealed with special plugs. The missile is centered and fastened using a special support device in the lower part of the container and side fixing inserts. Under the support device is the firing system on the United Technologies Corp. gas generator. with a UTG 21 squib on solid propellant grade 800. The signal to the detonator that ignites the cartridge is issued by the launching unit of the firing system.
The design of the CLS launch canister makes it easy to restore it for reuse after firing the rocket.
The control of the vertical launch of the Tomahawk KR from the board of the Los Angeles-type submarine is provided by the Singer Co. equipment, which is compatible with the fire control system used on the boats. It issues the necessary data to the on-board equipment of the rocket, controls the mechanism that opens the hatch with a waterproof cover over the corresponding launcher container, and gives the command to fire the firing system in this container. The overpressure generated by the gas generator pushes the rocket, which easily destroys the membrane plug of the upper end, which is capable of withstanding significant external pressure.
During the development of the Los Angeles-type nuclear submarine, great attention was paid to the development of highly efficient radio-electronic means. These include, in particular, the AN/BQQ-5 hydroacoustic complex, created on the basis of the AN/BQQ-2, which includes the AN/BQS-13 spherical antenna (4.57 m in diameter), a conformal noise direction-finding sonar, a towed antenna placed on boat hull in a casing, and other hydroacoustic systems. It is served by four operators.
Submarines of this type are equipped with a special MINI SINS navigation system, AN / BPS-15 radar, AN / WSC-3 satellite communication station, AN / BQS-15 mine detection sonar, AN / UYK-7 computer, Mk 117 fire control system and more radio electronic equipment.
During the construction of the Los Angeles-type nuclear submarine, the improvement of electronic equipment was carried out on the basis of a unified control and monitoring system Mkll7. The ships of the third sub-series (starting with SSN751), built according to the improved Improved Los Angeles project, are equipped with the AN / USQ-82 (V) shipborne multiplex data transmission system, which allows you to combine information coming from weapons systems and situational lighting, as well as from general ship systems, and transmit it over a multiplex cable.
Due to the use of acoustic coatings on the hull and other measures, the submarines of this sub-series have improved acoustic characteristics. These boats have become more suitable for use under ice, for which the cutting rudders have been moved to the bow area.
According to reports, at the end of 1999, the following nuclear submarines of the first sub-series were withdrawn from the fleet and prepared for disposal: Baton Rouge (SSN689), Omaha (SSN692), Cincinnati (SSN693), Groton (SSN694), Birmingham (SSN695), New York City (SSN696), Indianapolis (SSN697), Phoenix (SSN702), Boston (SSN703), Baltimore (SSN704), Atlanta (SSN712).
Thus, as of the beginning of 2000, in combat strength The US Navy had 51 of the 62 Los Angeles-class boats built. At the same time, boats of the first sub-series Los Angeles (SSN688), Philadelphia (SSN690), Dallas (SSN700), La Jolla (SSN701), Buffalo (SSN715) in 1999-2000. it was planned to be re-equipped for the installation of removable deck containers DDS with landing craft and for the placement of paratroopers-light divers from SEAL units.
In 1999-2003 for the use of ASDS landing craft, it was planned to retrofit the nuclear submarines Greeneville (SSN772), Charlotte (SSN766), Columbus (SSN762), Hartford (SSN768).

In twenty years, 62 Los Angeles-type submarines were built, it seems not a lot, especially in comparison with the many thousands of aircraft and tanks, but the submarine is a piece product and very expensive. The ratio of the price of a fighter and a submarine is the same as that of a modest small car and a luxurious limousine. Los Angeles boats are the most massive nuclear-powered ships in the world.

Work on the Los Angeles project began in the late sixties. During these years the Soviet navy quickly built up power. It became a global force and increasingly pressed Americans around the world. The rise of the Soviets was a challenge that Washington could not resist. The United States was most worried about 2 things: the beginning of the construction of large aircraft-carrying ships in the Soviet Union and the rapid development of nuclear submarine forces. It was then that our country for the first time overtook the United States in terms of the number of nuclear submarines. Submarine type "Los Angeles" With their help, the Soviet Union in the event of a conflict could block sea communications and turn the United States into an isolated island. The Americans decided to respond with both quantity and quality. The new U.S. submarines were to be the silent champions for years to come. At that time, the USSR simply did not have technologies similar to American ones, in addition New episode was designed for advanced weapons: Tomahawk cruise missiles. The construction of boats was launched at two shipyards. The firstborn of the series, Los Angeles proper was launched on November 12, 1976. Nine years later, the twentieth submarine of this type was built: Ganalulu. The first twenty of Los Angeles had the same weapons, electronics and hydroacoustics.

The boats were equipped different types torpedoes to fight against submarines and surface ships, Harpoon anti-ship missiles and, finally, most importantly, ultra-modern Tomahawks. The boat could carry three types of Tomahawks: for firing at ships up to 400 kilometers, for firing at coastal targets up to 2800 kilometers with a conventional warhead, and a variant with the same range, but with a nuclear warhead. It was a revolution in the development of the fleet. For the first time, multi-purpose submarines received long-range nuclear missiles. In the event of a world war, Los Angeles becomes part of the missile attack force. Almost the whole world is in the affected area of ​​several dozens of Los Angeles. The arsenal of the first boats of this type consisted of 14 torpedoes, 4 harpoons and eight tomahawks. All of them were launched only through 4 torpedo tubes, while two of them should always have only torpedoes - for self-defense of the boat. It was obvious that, if necessary, the first Los Angeles would not be able to salvo fire a large number of missiles, so starting with the Providence boat, these submarines were built with separate, vertical shafts for tomahawks. The designers managed to place as many as 12 launchers on board the new Los Angeles, and this without changing the dimensions and contours of the hull.

At the end of the eighties, the latest Soviet boats came close to Los Angeles in terms of stealth, and surpassed them in diving depth, speed and some types of weapons. The advantages of the United States melted away like smoke. It was decided to modernize Los Angeles again. Starting with the fortieth boat "San Juan" until the end of the series, completed in 1996, these nuclear-powered ships were built according to the Los Angeles Improved project, i.e. Improved. Due to the use of special coatings, this modification has become even quieter. The submarine is better adapted to work under the ice. The rudders were moved from the cabin to the bow of the ship. Of course, the new boats were equipped with the latest generation of electronics.

Los Angeles-class submarine

Length 110.3 m

Hull width 10.1 m

Maximum diving depth 450-500 m

Crew 141 people

Surface speed 22 knots

Submerged speed 33 knots

Los Angeles was involved in actual combat. Albuquerque, Norfolk and Miami against Yugoslavia, Pittsburgh and Jefferson City in the wars in Persian Gulf. The boats Augusto and Memphis were used for testing the latest weapons and combat information systems. Most of the later Los Angeles will remain in service for another 20 years. In the near future, they will be equipped with state-of-the-art missiles. They will radically outperform Tomahawks in terms of accuracy, range and speed. Western sources claim that we are talking on supersonic cruise missiles with a range of 5,000 kilometers. Los Angeles will retire gradually, the most massive nuclear submarine will be replaced by the next generation model: Virginia.

The history of Los Angeles-type atomic killers began in 1906, when a family of emigrants from the Russian Empire entered the Ellis Island (New York) Immigration Service - Abraham, Rachel and their six-year-old son Chaim. The kid was not a blunder - when he grew up, he entered the Naval Academy and became a four-star admiral in the US Navy. In total, Hyman Rickover served in the Navy for 63 years and would still have served if he hadn’t been caught taking a bribe of 67 thousand dollars (Rickover himself denied it to the end, stating that this “nonsense” did not influence his decisions in any way).

In 1979, after a major accident at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant, Hyman Rickover, as an expert, was called to testify by Congress. The question sounded prosaic: “One hundred nuclear submarines of the US Navy are moving in the depths of the oceans - and not a single accident with the reactor core in 20 years. And here a new nuclear power plant standing on the shore collapsed. Maybe Admiral Rickover knows some magic word?

The answer of the aged admiral was simple: there are no secrets, you just need to work with people. Personally communicate with each specialist, immediately remove fools from work with the reactor and expel them from the fleet. To all high ranks who, for some reason, interfere with the training of personnel in accordance with these principles and sabotage the implementation of my instructions, declare a merciless war and also expel them from the fleet. Ruthlessly "gnaw" contractors and engineers. Safety and reliability are the main areas of work, otherwise even the most powerful and modern submarines will be drowned in packs in peacetime.

If we take as a basis only tabular characteristics: “speed”, “depth of immersion”, “number of torpedo tubes”, then against the background of domestic “Typhoons”, “Anteev” and “Pike”, “Los Angeles” looks like a mediocre trough. A single-body steel coffin, divided into three compartments - any hole will be fatal for him. For comparison, the robust hull of the domestic multi-purpose nuclear submarine pr. 971 "Pike-B" is divided into six sealed compartments. And the giant Project 941 Akula missile carrier has 19 of them!

There are four torpedo tubes in total, located at an angle to the diametrical plane of the hull. As a result, the "Moose" cannot shoot at full speed - otherwise the torpedo will simply be broken by the oncoming flow of water. For comparison, "Pike-B" has 8 bow TAs and is able to use its weapons in the entire range of operating depths and speeds.
The operating depth of the Los Angeles dive is only 250 meters. A quarter of a kilometer - is that really not enough? For comparison, the working depth of the "Pike-B" is 500 meters, the maximum is 600!

Canonical image of the Los Angeles-class submarine

On the other hand, high maximum speed has never been the most important parameter of a submarine - already at 25 knots of acoustics, boats stop hearing anything due to the noise of incoming water and the submarine becomes “deaf”, and at 30 knots the boat rumbles so that it is heard on the other side of the ocean. High speed is a useful, but not too important quality.

The main weapon of any submarine is stealth. This parameter contains the whole meaning of the existence of the submarine fleet. Stealth is determined primarily by the level of the submarine's own noise. The inherent noise level of the Los Angeles-class nuclear submarine did not just meet world standards. The Los Angeles-class submarine itself set world standards.
There were several reasons for the exceptional low noise "Moose":

Single body construction. The area of ​​the wetted surface decreased, and, as a result, the noise from friction against the water when the boat was moving.

Screw quality. By the way, the manufacturing quality of the propellers of the third-generation Soviet nuclear submarines also increased (and their noise level decreased) after a detective story with the purchase of Toshiba high-precision metal-cutting machines. Having learned about the secret deal between the USSR and Japan, America threw such a scandal that the poor Toshiba almost lost access to the American market. Late! Pike-B with new propellers has already entered the expanses of the World Ocean.

Some specific points, such as rational placement of equipment inside the boat, depreciation of turbines and power equipment. The reactor circuits have greater degree natural circulation of the coolant - this made it possible to abandon high-capacity pumps, and, consequently, reduce the noise level of Los Angeles.

It is not enough for a submarine to be fast and secretive - in order to successfully complete tasks, it is necessary to have a specific idea of ​​​​the environment, learn how to navigate in the water column, find and identify surface and underwater targets. For a long time, the only means of external detection were a periscope and a hydroacoustic post with an analyzer in the form of an acoustic sailor's ear. Well, another gyrocompass showing where the North is under this damn water.

Other means of collecting information include: equipment for measuring the speed of sound at various depths(absolutely necessary remedy to accurately determine the distance to the target), the AN / BPS-15 radar and the AN / WLR-9 electronic intelligence system (for working on the surface), the general view periscope (type 8) and the attack periscope (type 15).
However, no cool sensors and sonars helped the San Francisco nuclear submarine - on January 8, 2005, a boat running at 30 knots (≈55 km / h) crashed into an underwater rock. One sailor was killed, another 23 were injured, and the chic antenna in the bow was smashed to smithereens.

USS San Francisco (SSN-711) after hitting an underwater obstacle

To increase combat effectiveness, in the bow of each "Los Angeles", starting from the 32nd boat, they began to install 12 more vertical launch silos for storing and launching "Tomahawks". In addition, some of the submarines are equipped with a Dry Deck Shelter container for storing combat swimmers' equipment.
The modernization was carried out not "for show", but based on the real combat experience- "Los Angeles" are regularly involved in strikes against coastal targets. "Moose" in blood up to the very horns - in the lists of destroyed targets Iraq, Yugoslavia, Afghanistan, Libya ...

USS Greeneville (SSN-772) with Dry Deck Shelter attached to her hull

Returning to our initial conversation - what did the Americans get anyway - a worthless tin "tub" with underestimated characteristics or a highly effective underwater combat complex?

Purely from the point of view of reliability, Los Angeles has set a hitherto unbeaten record - for 37 years of active operation on 62 boats of this type, not a single serious accident with damage to the reactor core has been recorded. The Hyman Rickover tradition is still alive today.

As for the combat characteristics, the creators of the "Moose" can be praised a little. The Americans managed to build a generally successful ship with an emphasis on the most important characteristics (stealth and means of detection). The boat was undoubtedly the best in the world in 1976, but by the mid-1980s, with the appearance of the first multi-purpose nuclear submarines of project 971 "Pike-B" in the Soviet Navy, the American submarine fleet was again in the "catching up" position. Realizing some inferiority of the "Los" in front of the "Pike-B", the development of the SeaWolf project began in the States - a formidable submarine cruiser at a price of $ 3 billion dollars apiece (in total they mastered the construction of three SeaWolfs).

In general, talking about boats like "Los Angeles" is not so much talking about technology, but talking about the crews of these submarines. Man is the measure of everything. It was thanks to the preparation and careful maintenance of equipment that American sailors managed not to lose a single boat of this type in 37 years.

Post scriptum. In April 1984, retired Admiral Hyman Rickover received a cool gift for his 84th birthday - a 7,000-ton Los Angeles-class combat submarine named after him.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Los Angeles class
USS "Los Angeles" (SSN-688), lead project
Main characteristics
ship type	PLAT
Project designation	688, 688i (improved)
NATO codification	Los Angeles
Speed ​​(surface)	up to 17 knots
Speed ​​(underwater)	30 knots (full), 35 knots (maximum, short term)
Operating depth	250-280 m
Maximum immersion depth	450 m
Crew	14 officers, 127 junior ranks
Price	~ $220 million
Dimensions
Surface displacement	6082-6330 t
Underwater displacement	6927-7177 t
Maximum length (according to design waterline)	109.7 m
Hull width max.	10.1 m
Average draft (according to design waterline)	9.4 m
Power point
for project 688i NPP S6G ("General Electric"), for project 688 NPP S5W ("Westinghouse Electric Corp") two turbines, two Fairbanks-Morse diesel generators 7-blade propeller
Armament
Torpedo- mine armament	4 533-mm torpedoes designed for firing Mk.46, Mk.48 torpedoes, as well as Harpoon missiles (6-8 missiles)
Missile weapons	starting from SSN-751 San-Juan 12 vertical silos for launching Harpoon and Tomahawk missiles (688i only)
Category at Wikimedia Commons

Operators

USA- a total of 62 nuclear submarines were built.

Series Composition

Currently in the US Navy is 39 submarines type "Los Angeles":

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Notes

see also

Links

• Encyclopedia of ships / Multi-purpose submarines / Los Angeles.

An excerpt characterizing the Los Angeles-class submarines

In 1811, a French doctor, who quickly became fashionable, lived in Moscow, huge in stature, handsome, amiable, like a Frenchman and, as everyone in Moscow said, a doctor of extraordinary art - Metivier. He was received in the homes of high society not as a doctor, but as an equal.
Prince Nikolai Andreevich, who laughed at medicine, Lately, on the advice of m lle Bourienne, he admitted this doctor to him and got used to him. Metivier visited the prince twice a week.
On Nikolin's day, on the prince's name day, all of Moscow was at the entrance to his house, but he ordered no one to be received; but only a few, a list of which he handed over to Princess Mary, he ordered to be called to dinner.
Metivier, who arrived in the morning with congratulations, as a doctor, found it decent de forcer la consigne [to break the ban], as he said to Princess Mary, and went in to the prince. It so happened that on this birthday morning the old prince was in one of his worst moods. He spent the whole morning walking around the house, finding fault with everyone and pretending that he did not understand what was said to him, and that they did not understand him. Princess Mary was firmly aware of this state of mind of quiet and preoccupied grouchiness, which was usually resolved by an outburst of rage, and as before a loaded, cocked gun, she walked all that morning, waiting for the inevitable shot. The morning before the doctor's arrival had gone well. Missing the doctor, Princess Marya sat down with a book in the living room by the door, from which she could hear everything that was going on in the study.
At first she heard Metivier's voice alone, then her father's voice, then both voices spoke together, the door flung open and on the threshold appeared the frightened, beautiful figure of Metivier with his black crest, and the figure of the prince in a cap and robe with a face disfigured by rage and lowered pupils of the eyes.
- Do not understand? - shouted the prince, - but I understand! French spy, Bonaparte slave, spy, get out of my house - get out, I say - and he slammed the door.
Metivier, shrugging his shoulders, went up to Mademoiselle Bourienne, who had come running at a cry from the next room.
“The prince is not quite well,” la bile et le transport au cerveau. Tranquillisez vous, je repasserai demain, [bile and congestion to the brain. Calm down, I'll come tomorrow,] - said Metivier and, putting his finger to his lips, hurriedly left.
Footsteps in shoes were heard outside the door and shouts: “Spies, traitors, traitors everywhere! There is no moment of peace in your house!”
After the departure of Metivier, the old prince called his daughter to him and all the strength of his anger fell upon her. It was her fault that a spy was allowed to see him. .After all, he said, he told her to make a list, and those who were not on the list should not be allowed in. Why did they let this bastard go! She was the cause of everything. With her he could not have a moment of peace, he could not die in peace, he said.
- No, mother, disperse, disperse, you know it, know it! I can't do it anymore," he said and left the room. And as if afraid that she might not be able to somehow console herself, he returned to her and, trying to assume a calm look, added: “And don’t think that I said this to you in a moment of my heart, but I am calm, and I thought it over; and it will be - disperse, look for a place for yourself! ... - But he could not stand it, and with that anger that only a person who loves can have, he, apparently suffering himself, shook his fists and shouted to her:
“And if only some fool would marry her!” - He slammed the door, called m lle Bourienne to him and fell silent in the office.
At two o'clock the chosen six persons gathered for dinner. The guests - the famous Count Rostopchin, Prince Lopukhin with his nephew, General Chatrov, the old, comrade of the prince, and young Pierre and Boris Drubetskoy - were waiting for him in the living room.
The other day, Boris, who came to Moscow on vacation, wished to be introduced to Prince Nikolai Andreevich and managed to win his favor to such an extent that the prince made an exception for him from all the unmarried young people whom he did not accept.
The prince's house was not what is called "light", but it was such a small circle, which, although it was not heard in the city, but in which it was most flattering to be accepted. Boris realized this a week ago, when in his presence Rostopchin told the commander-in-chief, who called the count to dine on Nikolin's day, that he could not be:
- On this day, I always go to venerate the relics of Prince Nikolai Andreevich.
“Oh, yes, yes,” answered the commander-in-chief. - What he?..
The small society, gathered in the old-fashioned, high, with old furniture, drawing room before dinner, looked like a solemn meeting of the council of the court. Everyone was silent, and if they spoke, they spoke quietly. Prince Nikolai Andreevich came out serious and silent. Princess Mary seemed even more quiet and timid than usual. The guests were reluctant to address her, because they saw that she had no time for their conversations. Count Rostopchin alone kept the thread of the conversation, talking about the latest urban or political news.
Lopukhin and the old general occasionally took part in the conversation. Prince Nikolai Andreevich listened as the supreme judge listened to the report that was being made to him, only occasionally stating in silence or in a short word that he took note of what was being reported to him. The tone of the conversation was such that it was understandable that no one approved of what was being done in political world. Events were recounted, apparently confirming that things were going from bad to worse; but in every story and judgment, it was amazing how the narrator stopped or was stopped each time at the border where the judgment could relate to the face of the Emperor.
At dinner, the conversation turned to the latest political news, about the seizure of the possessions of the Duke of Oldenburg by Napoleon, and about the Russian note hostile to Napoleon sent to all European courts.
“Bonaparte treats Europe like a pirate on a conquered ship,” said Count Rostopchin, repeating a phrase he had already spoken several times. - You are only surprised at the patience or blindness of sovereigns. Now it comes to the pope, and Bonaparte no longer hesitates to overthrow the head of the Catholic religion, and everyone is silent! One of our sovereign protested against the seizure of the possessions of the Duke of Oldenburg. And then ... - Count Rostopchin fell silent, feeling that he stood at the point where it was no longer possible to condemn.
“They offered other possessions instead of the Duchy of Oldenburg,” said Prince Nikolai Andreevich. - Just as I resettled the peasants from the Bald Mountains to Bogucharovo and Ryazan, so he dukes.
- Le duc d "Oldenbourg supporte son malheur avec une force de caractere et une resignation admirable, [The Duke of Oldenburg endures his misfortune with remarkable willpower and resignation to fate,] said Boris, respectfully entering into a conversation. He said this because he was passing through from Petersburg had the honor of introducing himself to the duke. Prince Nikolai Andreevich looked at young man as if he would like to tell him something about this, but changed his mind, considering him too young for that.
“I read our protest about the Oldenburg case and was surprised at the bad wording of this note,” said Count Rostopchin, with the casual tone of a person judging a case he is well acquainted with.
Pierre looked at Rostopchin with naive surprise, not understanding why he was worried about the bad wording of the note.
“Isn’t it all the same how the note is written, Count?” he said, “if its content is strong.
- Mon cher, avec nos 500 mille hommes de troupes, il serait facile d "avoir un beau style, [My dear, with our 500 thousand troops it seems easy to be expressed in a good style] - said Count Rostopchin. Pierre understood why Count Rostopchin was worried about the editorial note.
“It seems that the scribbler is quite divorced,” said the old prince: “everything is written there in St. Petersburg, not only notes, but new laws are being written. My Andryusha wrote a whole volume of laws for Russia there. Everything is being written! And he laughed unnaturally.
The conversation was silent for a minute; the old general drew attention with a cough.
- Did you deign to hear about the latest event at the review in St. Petersburg? how the new French envoy showed himself!
- What? Yes, I heard something; he said something awkwardly in front of His Majesty.
“His Majesty drew his attention to the grenadier division and the ceremonial march,” continued the general, “and it was as if the envoy did not pay any attention and as if he allowed himself to say that we in France do not pay attention to such trifles. The sovereign did not deign to say anything. At the next review, they say, the sovereign never deigned to turn to him.
Everyone fell silent: no judgment could be made on this fact, which applied personally to the sovereign.
- Daring! - said the prince. Do you know Metivier? I kicked him out today. He was here, they let me in, no matter how I asked not to let anyone in, ”said the prince, looking angrily at his daughter. And he told his whole conversation with the French doctor and the reasons why he was convinced that Metivier was a spy. Although these reasons were very insufficient and not clear, no one objected.
Champagne was served for the roast. The guests rose from their seats, congratulating the old prince. Princess Mary also approached him.
He looked at her with a cold, angry look and offered her a wrinkled, shaven cheek. The whole expression of his face told her that he had not forgotten the morning conversation, that his decision had remained in its former force, and that it was only thanks to the presence of guests that he did not tell her this now.
When they went into the drawing-room for coffee, the old men sat down together.
Prince Nikolai Andreevich became more lively and expressed his way of thinking about the upcoming war.
He said that our wars with Bonaparte would be unhappy as long as we seek alliances with the Germans and meddle in European affairs into which the Peace of Tilsit has drawn us. We didn't have to fight for Austria or against Austria. Our policy is all in the east, but in relation to Bonaparte there is only one thing - armament on the border and firmness in politics, and he will never dare to cross the Russian border, as in the seventh year.
- And where are we, prince, to fight the French! - said Count Rostopchin. - Can we take up arms against our teachers and gods? Look at our youth, look at our ladies. Our gods are French, our kingdom of heaven is Paris.
He began to speak louder, obviously so that everyone could hear him. “French costumes, French thoughts, French feelings!” You've kicked out Metivier in your neck, because he's a Frenchman and a scoundrel, and our ladies are crawling after him. Yesterday I was at the evening, so out of five ladies, three are Catholic and, with the permission of the pope, they sew on canvas on Sunday. And they themselves are sitting almost naked, like signs of trading baths, if I may say so. Oh, look at our youth, prince, I would take the old club of Peter the Great from the Kunstkamera, but in Russian I would break off the sides, all the nonsense would jump off!
Everyone fell silent. The old prince looked at Rostopchin with a smile on his face and shook his head approvingly.
“Well, goodbye, Your Excellency, don’t get sick,” said Rostopchin, rising with his usual quick movements and holding out his hand to the prince.
- Farewell, my dear, - the harp, I will always listen to him! - said the old prince, holding his hand and offering him a kiss for a cheek. Others rose with Rostopchin.

Princess Mary, sitting in the drawing room and listening to these talk and gossip of the old people, did not understand anything from what she heard; she only thought about whether all the guests noticed hostile relations her father to her. She did not even notice the special attention and courtesies that Drubetskoy, who had been in their house for the third time, had shown her throughout this dinner.
Princess Mary with an absent-minded, questioning look turned to Pierre, who, the last of the guests, with a hat in his hand and with a smile on his face, approached her after the prince had left, and they were left alone in the living room.
- Can I sit still? - he said, with his thick body falling into an armchair near Princess Marya.
“Oh yes,” she said. "Didn't you notice anything?" said her look.
Pierre was in a pleasant state of mind after dinner. He looked ahead of him and smiled softly.
“How long have you known this young man, Princess?” - he said.
- What?
- Drubetskoy?
No, recently...
- What do you like about him?
- Yes, he is a pleasant young man ... Why are you asking me this? - said Princess Mary, continuing to think about her morning conversation with her father.
- Because I made an observation - a young man usually comes from St. Petersburg to Moscow on vacation only with the aim of marrying a rich bride.
You have made this observation! - said Princess Mary.
“Yes,” Pierre continued with a smile, “and this young man now keeps himself in such a way that where there are rich brides, there he is.” I read it like a book. He is now undecided whom he should attack: you or Mademoiselle Julie Karagin. Il est tres assidu aupres d "elle. [He is very attentive to her.]
Does he visit them?
- Very often. And do you know a new way of courting? - Pierre said with a cheerful smile, apparently being in that cheerful spirit of good-natured mockery, for which he so often reproached himself in his diary.
“No,” said Princess Mary.
- Now, to please the Moscow girls - il faut etre melancolique. Et il est tres melancolique aupres de m lle Karagin, [one must be melancholic. And he is very melancholy with m elle Karagin,] - said Pierre.