Earthquake zones on a physical map. Earth - chronicles of life - feedback. Seismic map of Russia

As earthquake statistics show, seismological disasters account for 13% of total natural . Over the past hundred years, about 2,000 aftershocks with a magnitude of 7 or more have occurred in the world. Of these, 65 cases exceeded the 8 mark.

The situation in the world

If you look at the world map, on which seismological activity is displayed with dots, you can notice one pattern. These are some characteristic lines along which tremors are intensely recorded. The tectonic boundaries of the earth's crust are located in these zones. As statistics have established, strong catastrophic earthquakes, entailing the most devastating consequences, occur due to stress in the focus of "grinding" of tectonic plates.

Earthquake statistics for 100 years show that only on continental tectonic plates (not oceanic) about a hundred seismic catastrophes occurred, in which 1.4 million people died. In total, 130 strong earthquakes were recorded during this period.

The table shows the largest known seismic catastrophes since the 16th century:

Over 30 years of the end of the 20th century, about 1 million people died in seismic catastrophes. This is about 33 thousand per year. Over the past 10 years, earthquake statistics show an increase in the average annual figure to 45 thousand victims.
Hundreds of imperceptible oscillations of the earth's surface occur every day on the planet. This is not always associated with the movement of the earth's crust. Human actions: construction, mining, blasting - they all entail fluctuations recorded by modern seismographs every second. However, since 2009, the USGS Geological Survey, which collects data on earthquake statistics in the world, has ceased to take into account shocks below 4.5.

Crete

The island is located in a tectonic fault zone, so increased seismological activity there is a frequent phenomenon. Earthquakes in Crete, according to statistics, do not exceed 5 points. With such power, there are no devastating consequences, and locals and do not pay any attention to this shaking. On the graph, you can see the number of registered seismic shocks by month with a magnitude above 1 point. You can see what last years their intensity increased somewhat.

Earthquakes in Italy

The country is located in a zone of seismic activity on the territory of the same tectonic fault as Greece. Earthquake statistics in Italy over the past 5 years show an increase in the number of monthly shocks from 700 to 2000. In August 2016, a strong earthquake of magnitude 6.2 occurred. That day claimed the lives of 295 people, more than 400 were injured.

In January 2017, another earthquake of magnitude less than 6 took place in Italy, and there were almost no victims of the destruction. However, a push has caused in the province of Pescara. The hotel Rigopiano was buried under it, killing 30 people.

There are resources where earthquake statistics are displayed online. For example, the organization IRIS (USA), engaged in the collection, systematization, study and distribution of seismological data, presents a monitor of this type:
Information is available on the site that displays the presence of earthquakes on the planet in this moment. Here their magnitude is shown, there is information for yesterday, as well as events 2 weeks or 5 years ago. You can consider in more detail the parts of the planet of interest by selecting the appropriate map from the list.

The situation in Russia

According to the statistics of earthquakes in Russia and the OSR (General Seismic Zoning) map, more than 26% of the area in the country is located in seismically hazardous zones. There may be shocks from 7 points. This includes Kamchatka, the Baikal region, the Kuriles, Altai, North Caucasus and Sayans. There are about 3,000 villages, about 100 thermal power plants and hydroelectric power stations, 5 nuclear power plants and enterprises of increased environmental danger.

Krasnodar region

Irkutsk

Due to its location near the Baikal Rift, Irkutsk's earthquake statistics record up to 40 minor shocks every month. In August 2008, seismic activity with a magnitude of 6.2 was recorded. The epicenter was in Lake Baikal, where the indicator reached 7 points. Some buildings cracked, but no significant damage or casualties were recorded. In February 2016, another earthquake of magnitude 5.5 occurred.

Ekaterinburg

Even though the growth Ural mountains has long ceased, the statistics of earthquakes in Yekaterinburg continues to be replenished with new data. In 2015, a 4.2 magnitude shock was recorded there, no one was injured.

Conclusion

Between the end of 2008 and 2011, there was a decrease in seismic activity on the planet, to a level of less than 2,500 cases per month and a magnitude above 4.5. However, after the earthquake in Japan in 2011, in the period from 2011 to 2016, there is a tendency to increase the activity of tremors around the world by almost 2 times. Earthquake statistics for recent years are as follows:

Predicting earthquakes is very difficult. Often you can say with certainty where it will happen, but when exactly it will happen is impossible to determine. However, there are biological precursors. On the eve of a strong earthquake, other representatives of the fauna living in this area begin to behave abnormally.

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Every day various areas of our planet are shaken by tremors. An earthquake is one of the natural disasters that cannot be prevented by man.

The only thing he can oppose to the indomitable forces of nature is the achievements of science in the field of forecasting. Systematization and monitoring of seismic activity makes it possible to avoid human casualties and destruction in time, as well as to identify areas of the greatest seismic activity.

Accounting for earthquake sources

The Earth seismic activity map is a physical map of the planet, which displays areas where earthquakes with a power of more than 4 points on the Richter scale occurred over a certain period of time. The map uses the following conventions: The diameter of the area is proportional to the strength of the tremors, and the color of the circle indicates the time interval. For example, red areas correspond to earthquakes occurring on the current date or in real time.

Seismic monitor, updated every 20 minutes


red circles - earthquakes in the last 24 hours
orange circles - earthquakes in the last 1-4 days
yellow circles - earthquakes in the last 4-14 days

EMSC and Google Map data

The map of seismic activity of the world allows you to select a section of the earth's surface by pressing the mouse button. In this case, the selected area will be displayed separately in the window, on which earthquake epicenters are indicated in detail. The online seismic monitor allows you to get comprehensive data when choosing any of the sources. The table shows the coordinates of the epicenters and the power of tremors, ranging from 24 hours to 30 days. Also, on the map of the region, seismic fixation stations located in the selected area are displayed.

List of earthquakes

To return to the beginning of the document, press Backspace or Back to the earthquake list

Seismic activity map online, updated every 20 minutes. In addition, you can always find out whether there was an earthquake today or not. This allows you to more visually evaluate the information provided.

Earthquake map according to Google service

Earth seismic activity

The images shown below are non-profit organization IRIS, founded in 1984 with the support of the National Science Foundation, is a consortium of more than 100 US universities dedicated to the study, systematization and distribution of seismological data. IRIS programs are aimed at Scientific research, education, reduction of consequences of earthquakes.

On the data below, the time is UTC (Universal Coordinated Time), to convert to Moscow, add 4 hours.

Seismic activity scale. Richter scale. Earthquake by type of activity.

Current seismic of the Atlantic Ocean

This map shows Pacific Ocean, as well as the eastern regions of Russia - the Far East and the Kuriles. The fault line of the Pacific ridge is clearly visible.


Seismic activity in Russia and Central Asia


Map of seismic activity in Russia and Europe

Earthquakes are scary a natural phenomenon, which can bring numerous troubles. They are associated not only with destruction, due to which there may be human casualties. The catastrophic tsunami waves caused by them can lead to even more disastrous consequences.

What areas of the world are most at risk from earthquakes? To answer this question, you need to look at where the active seismic regions are. These are zones of the earth's crust, which are more mobile than the regions surrounding them. They are on the border lithospheric plates where large blocks collide or move apart It is the movements of powerful rock layers that cause earthquakes.

Dangerous areas of the world

On the globe several belts are distinguished, which are characterized by a high frequency of underground shocks. These are seismically dangerous areas.

The first of them is called the Pacific Rim, since it occupies almost the entire coast of the ocean. Not only earthquakes are frequent here, but also volcanic eruptions, so the name "volcanic" or "fiery" ring is often used. The activity of the earth's crust here is determined by modern mountain-building processes.

The second large seismic belt stretches along the high young ones from the Alps and other mountains of Southern Europe to the Sunda Islands through Asia Minor, the Caucasus, the mountains of Central and Central Asia and the Himalayas. There is also a collision of lithospheric plates, which causes frequent earthquakes.

The third belt stretches across the entire Atlantic Ocean. This is the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which is the result of the expansion of the earth's crust. Iceland, known primarily for its volcanoes, also belongs to this belt. But earthquakes here are by no means rare.

Seismically active regions of Russia

Earthquakes also occur in our country. Seismically active regions of Russia are the Caucasus, Altai, mountains Eastern Siberia And Far East, Commander and Kuril Islands, about. Sakhalin. Earth tremors of great strength can occur here.

One can recall the Sakhalin earthquake of 1995, when two-thirds of the population of the Neftegorsk village died under the rubble of destroyed buildings. After the rescue work, it was decided not to restore the village, but to relocate the residents to other settlements.

In 2012-2014, several earthquakes occurred in the North Caucasus. Fortunately, their centers were at great depths. There were no casualties or major damage.

Seismic map of Russia

The map shows that the most seismically dangerous areas lie in the south and east of the country. At the same time, the eastern parts are relatively poorly populated. But in the south, earthquakes pose a much greater danger to people, since the population density is higher here.

Irkutsk, Khabarovsk and some others big cities are in the danger zone. These are active seismic regions.

Anthropogenic earthquakes

Seismically active occupy approximately 20% of the country's territory. But this does not mean that the rest of the world is completely insured against earthquakes. Shocks with a force of 3-4 points are noted even far from the boundaries of the lithospheric plates, in the center of the platform areas.

At the same time, with the development of the economy, the possibility of anthropogenic earthquakes increases. They are most often caused by the fact that the roof of underground voids collapses. Because of this Earth's crust as if shaken, almost like a real earthquake. And there are more and more voids and cavities underground, because a person for his needs extracts oil from the bowels and natural gas, pumps out water, builds mines for the extraction of solid minerals ... And underground nuclear explosions generally comparable to natural earthquakes in their strength.

The collapse of rock layers in itself can pose a danger to people. After all, in many areas, voids are formed right under settlements. The latest events in Solikamsk only confirmed this. But even a weak earthquake can lead to terrible consequences, because as a result of it, structures that are in disrepair, dilapidated housing in which people continue to live can collapse ... Also, a violation of the integrity of rock layers threatens the mines themselves, where collapses can occur.

What to do?

People still cannot prevent such a formidable phenomenon as an earthquake. And even to accurately predict when and where it will happen, they also did not learn. So, you need to know how you can protect yourself and loved ones during tremors.

People living in such dangerous areas should always have an earthquake contingency plan. Since the elements can catch family members in different places, there must be an agreement on a meeting place after the quake stops. The dwelling should be as safe as possible from the fall of heavy objects, furniture is best attached to the walls and floor. All residents should know where they can urgently turn off gas, electricity, water to avoid fires, explosions and electric shocks. Stairs and passages should not be cluttered with things. Documents and some set of products and essentials should always be at hand.

Starting from kindergartens and schools, the population must be taught the correct behavior when natural disaster which will increase the chances of survival.

Seismically active regions of Russia place special demands on both industrial and civil construction. Earthquake-resistant buildings are harder and more expensive to build, but the cost of building them is nothing compared to the lives saved. After all, not only those who are in such a building will be safe, but also those who are nearby. There will be no destruction and blockages - there will be no victims.