Analysis of the poem "Winter Road" by Pushkin. Pushkin's "Winter Road": analysis of the poem

« Winter road» analysis of the work - theme, idea, genre, plot, composition, characters, problems and other issues are disclosed in this article.

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin was always good at expressing his mood through pictures of nature. A prime example that's what a poem is for "Winter road " written in December 1826. Only a year has passed since the uprising of the Decembrists, among whom were many of the poet's friends. Some have already been executed, others have been exiled to Siberia. Pushkin himself was serving an exile in Mikhailovsky, so his mood remained depressed.

Already from the first lines of the work, it becomes clear to the reader that the author is going through not the best moments in his life. Life seems to the hero dull and hopeless, like lonely clearings in the cold light of the moon, through which a carriage drawn by three horses rides. The way to the wanderer seems long and boring, and the monotonous sound of the bell is tiring. The gloomy landscape is in harmony with the feelings of the poet.

In the "Winter Road" there are traditional philosophical notes characteristic of Pushkin's lyrics. The mood of the hero is easily comparable with the mood of Alexander Sergeevich himself. poetic image "striped miles" - symbol of changing fate of a person, and the path of the hero of the work, like the path of the poet himself, is not at all easy. Nature sleeps in deep sleep, an ominous silence reigns everywhere. For many miles around there are no houses, no lights. But, despite the melancholic tone of the poem, there is still hope for the best. The hero dreams of how he will soon sit by the fireplace with his beloved woman. This gives him strength and desire to continue his dreary journey.

characteristic of romanticism Pushkin treats the theme of the path here in a completely different way. Usually the road symbolizes freedom, the hero breaks out into nature from a cramped and stuffy room. In the "Winter Road" everything happens the other way around. Nature is hostile to the hero, so he hurries home.

The work is written trochaic tetrameter. It is a description of nature with elements of the author's thoughts and belongs to the genre of elegy. The composition of the poem is circular. In the first quatrain, the reader is immersed in a winter landscape, and the last stanza returns him to the kingdom of winter again.

The author reveals his sad and despondent mood with the help of epithets: "sad", "monotonous", "boring". Reinforces the impression of inversion: "on the boring road", "single bell", "troika greyhound", "hour hand". The same-root words repeated several times characterize the mood of the author and the endlessly long winter road, emphasizing its monotony: "sad", "sadly", "boring", "boring", "boring".

In the third quatrain there are epithets expressing the attitude of Alexander Pushkin to the Russian song. In two adjacent lines, the reader encounters the opposite concepts of melancholy and daring fun, which help the author to hint at the inconsistency of the character of a Russian person: "the revelry is remote, then the heart's anguish".

In the fourth stanza, we seem to hear the clatter of horse hooves. This impression is created by repeating the consonants "p" and "t". In the fifth quatrain, Pushkin uses alliteration with the sound "z", which occurs in five words out of eleven. In this part of the poem, the word is repeated in two lines in a row "Tomorrow", reinforcing the feeling of anticipation of meeting with your loved one. In the sixth stanza, the sounds “h”, “s”, characteristic of the ticking of a clock, are often repeated.

The final seventh stanza repeats the motive of the fifth, but in a different interpretation. Word "path" used here in a figurative sense. The sounds "n", "l" in combination with the shock "y" again create a feeling of sadness, longing and an endlessly long road.

Most of the verbs in the "Winter Road" reveal the emotional experiences of the lyrical hero. Personifications give the landscape a special mysticism and mystery: the moon "sneaks" through the fog, the light pours sadly, the face of the moon "foggy".

The poem "Winter Road" was first published in 1828 in the journal "Moscow Bulletin". His musicality and stylistic beauty still attract the attention of composers to this day. More than fifty authors wrote the music for "Winter Road". Songs about a coachman and a greyhound troika have gained immense popularity, many of them have long become popular.

(Illustration: Sona Adalyan)

Analysis of the poem "Winter Road"

Even after reading the first four lines of the poem "Winter Road" by A. S. Pushkin, you are literally transported to quiet, dull, winter fields. You immediately realize that this is one of those works of the poet that evokes a lyrical and at the same time romantic mood. Apparently, the author is not at all in high spirits, and the “sad moon” and “sad fields” are in solidarity with him. They are sad because they are lonely, that it is still so long until spring, which means that now you just need to wait.

The only thing that defuses the silence is the bell, which even “tiringly rattles”, and the coachman’s song, which brings back memories. As soon as he drags on about "revelry daring", the author recalls his cheerful past days, and this makes it even sadder that they are behind. That will sound in the driver's song "heart longing" and at once all the most painful pops up in the memory, and from this the heart is torn to pieces.

The main thing that the poet wanted to convey is the sadness and boredom that awaits any traveler on a winter road. Nature sleeps, silence around, not a soul around, it even becomes a little creepy. After all, there are no houses around, no light that would indicate the presence of a person. Gloomy thoughts swarm in my head, it's cold. One joy is a reward at the end of the journey: gatherings by the fireplace with a dear person. This gives strength, the desire to move on, to expect ...

In the meantime, silence, sadness and melancholy, a white surface and only the bell rings. Even the coachman, tired of the songs, dozed off and, as if, merged with the silent and sinister winter nature. It seems that the silence of the moon and the fields has passed on to him. And only pillars are passing by, which, although they look dull, at the same time say that the path is shortening, the final goal is approaching. Only the more often they flash, the more endless the winter road seems.

The landscapes of A. S. Pushkin are not only images of nature embodied in an artistic form, but also a tool for conveying one's own experiences. The poem described in the article is studied in the 4th grade. We invite you to familiarize yourself with brief analysis"Winter road" according to the plan.

Brief analysis

History of creation- the work was written in 1826, first appeared in print in the journal "Moscow Bulletin" for 1828.

Theme of the poem- the sad charm of winter nature and "heart longing".

Composition– In terms of meaning, the poem is divided into two parts: a winter landscape and an appeal to Nina. The poem consists of seven quatrains.

Genre- elegy.

Poetic size - four-foot trochee, cross rhyme ABAB.

Metaphors – “the moon makes its way to sad glades”, “midnight will not separate us”, “the lunar face is foggy”.

epithets – “wavy fogs”, “boring road”, “monotonous bell”, “daring revelry”, “black hut”, “striped miles”.

History of creation

The poem appeared from the pen of Alexander Sergeevich in 1826. It has an autobiographical basis. There are two versions of the history of the creation of the work. Some researchers believe that it is dedicated to a distant relative of the author - Sofia Pushkina. Few people know that the poet was going to marry her. In the winter of 1826, he proposed to the girl. According to this hypothesis, Sophia is hiding under the image of the mysterious Nina.

Other scholars claim that the work was written after a trip to Moscow. In September 1826, Pushkin was informed that Nicholas I was waiting for him in Moscow. The emperor promised the poet his patronage and release from censorship control. It is known that the conversation with the emperor was tense.

For the first time, "Winter Evening" saw the world in 1828 in the magazine "Moscow Bulletin".

Subject

In Russian literature, many poets developed winter themes. In Pushkin, it is closely connected with emotional experiences. The author reveals two themes - the beauty of winter nature and "heart longing". In the center of the work is a lyrical hero, secondary images are Nina and the coachman.

The lyrical hero is driving along a winter road, observing nature. Already the initial landscape sketches let the reader understand that the mood of the protagonist is sad. He notices how the moon casts a sad light on the sad glades. The road seems boring to a man, and even the bell on the greyhound troika does not ring, but rattles, tiring the ear.

The lyrical hero of the poem listens to the coachman's songs. The tunes cause him mixed feelings of fun and longing. On the way, nothing pleases the eye, it’s deserted around: no fire, no “hut”. Wilderness depresses the hero even more.

The boredom of the hero is a little dispelled when he remembers the imminent meeting with Nina. Imagination begins to draw beautiful moments in the company of a girl. It is noticeable that the man is in love with her, because he says: “I will forget myself by the fireplace, I will look without looking enough.” The hero is pleased that the midnight hour will not separate him from his beloved.

In the last stanza, the traveler leaves his dreams and returns to reality. He becomes sad again. Mentally turning to Nina, he talks about the boring way and the slumbering coachman.

After reading the work, it becomes clear what its the main idea: even cheerful winter landscapes can turn into dull pictures if there is no loved one; nature is capable of reflecting all human feelings.

Composition

The composition of the analyzed poem is simple. In terms of meaning, the poem is conditionally divided into two parts: a winter landscape and an appeal to Nina. Pictures of winter nature frame the appeal to the girl. The poem consists of seven quatrains. Analysis of the formal and semantic organization of the verse helps to trace how the author implements the idea of ​​the work.

Genre

The genre of the work is elegy. The poet describes nature, constantly emphasizing his sadness, in the poems addressed to Nina, along with joyful notes, longing is felt. The poetic size is a four-foot trochee. Rhyming in the text is cross ABAB, there are male and female rhymes.

means of expression

The winter landscape is created with the help of expressive means. They are also a tool for conveying the experiences of a lyrical hero. Dominate the text epithets: “wavy fogs”, “boring road”, “monotonous bell”, “daring revelry”, “black hut”, “striped miles”. The expressiveness of landscape and psychological sketches is given metaphors: “the moon makes its way to the sad glades”, “midnight will not separate us”, “the lunar face is foggy”. The poet does not use comparisons. The mixed feelings of the lyrical hero are conveyed with the help of antitheses, for example, describing the song of the coachman, he says that it is felt in it:

In order to convey the sadness of the hero, A.S. Pushkin uses broken sentences in three quatrains.

Through the wavy mists
The moon is creeping
To sad glades
She pours a sad light.

On the winter road, boring
Troika greyhound runs
Single bell
Tiring noise.

Something is heard native
In the coachman's long songs:
That revelry is remote,
That heartache...

No fire, no black hut,
Wilderness and snow... Meet me
Only miles striped
Come across alone…

Boring, sad ... Tomorrow, Nina,
Returning to my dear tomorrow,
I'll forget by the fireplace
I look without looking.

Sounding hour hand
He will make his measured circle,
And, removing the boring ones,
Midnight won't separate us.

It's sad, Nina: my path is boring,
Dremlya fell silent my coachman,
The bell is monotonous
Foggy moon face.

Analysis of the poem "Winter Road" by Pushkin

A. S. Pushkin was one of the first among Russian poets to successfully combine landscape lyrics with personal feelings and experiences in his works. An example of this is famous poem"Winter road". It was written by the poet during a trip to the Pskov province (end of 1826).

The poet was recently released from exile, so he is in a sad mood. Many former acquaintances turned away from him, freedom-loving poems are not popular in society. In addition, Pushkin is experiencing significant financial difficulties. The nature surrounding the poet also makes me sad. The author is not at all pleased with the winter trip, even the usually cheerful and encouraging "bell ... tiresomely rattles." The mournful songs of the coachman exacerbate the sadness of the poet. They represent a purely Russian original combination of "reckless revelry" with "cordial longing."

The endless Russian versts, marked by wayposts, are tediously monotonous. It seems that they can last a lifetime. The poet feels the immensity of his country, but this does not bring him joy. A weak light seems to be the only salvation in the impenetrable darkness.

The author indulges in dreams about the end of the journey. There is an image of the mysterious Nina, to whom he goes. Researchers have not come to a consensus about whom Pushkin has in mind. Some believe that this is a distant acquaintance of the poet S. Pushkin, with whom he was associated love relationship. In any case, the author is warmed by memories of a woman. He imagines a hot fireplace, an intimate setting and solitude with his beloved.

Returning to reality, the poet sadly notes that the boring road tired even the coachman, who fell asleep and left his master all alone.

In a sense, Pushkin's "winter road" can be compared with his own destiny. The poet acutely felt his loneliness, he practically did not find support and sympathy for his views. Striving for lofty ideals is a perpetual movement across the vast Russian expanses. Temporary stops along the way can be considered numerous romance novels Pushkin. They were never long, and the poet was forced to continue his tedious journey in search of an ideal.

In a broader sense, the poem symbolizes the common historical path of Russia. The Russian troika is a traditional image of Russian literature. Many poets and writers, following Pushkin, used it as a symbol of national destiny.

A. S. Pushkin's poem "The Winter Road" is one of the remarkable works of the Russian poet. When you read this poem, dull and at the same time mysterious Russian landscapes involuntarily appear. Sergei Yesenin is a famous and beloved Russian poet who praised beauty native land, its nature and vast expanses.

What brings the poem of S.A. Yesenin "Powder" with the following

poem by A.S. Pushkin's "Winter Road"

Poems by S.A. Yesenin and A.S. Pushkin is brought together primarily by the theme of the road, the image of the road.

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Analysis of the poem by A.S. Pushkin "Winter Road"

A. S. Pushkin's poem "The Winter Road" is one of the remarkable works of the Russian poet. When you read this poem, dull and at the same time mysterious Russian landscapes involuntarily appear. “The moon is making its way”, “she pours a sad light on the sad glades.” These words convey exactly the landscape that Pushkin sees as he passes by. He probably repeats the words “sad”, “sad” on purpose to increase sadness and despondency. In the poem "Winter Road", written in 1826, Pushkin's traditional lyrics sound road theme.

The poet even calls the road "boring", and the tiring sound of the bell only increases the author's sadness even more. Only the greyhound troika breaks the general natural despondency. Pushkin is alone with nature, winter, asleep until spring. The path of the lyrical hero, like the path of the poet himself, is not easy, but, despite the sad mood, the work is full of hope for the best. Life is divided into black and white stripes, like milestones. The poetic image of “striped miles” is a poetic symbol that embodies the “striped” life of a person. The author shifts the reader's gaze from heaven to earth: “along the winter road”, “the troika runs”, “the bell ... rattles”, the coachman's songs. In the second and third stanzas, the author uses words of the same root (“Sad”, “sad”) twice, which help to understand the state of mind of the traveler. With the help of alliteration, the poet depicts the poetic image of the artistic space - sad glades. Reading a poem, we hear the ringing of a bell, the creak of skids in the snow, the song of a coachman. The long song of the coachman means long. Sedoku is sad, sad. And the reader is unhappy. The coachman's song embodies the basic state of the Russian soul: "reckless revelry", "heartfelt anguish". Drawing nature, Pushkin depicts inner world lyrical hero. Nature correlates with human experiences.

However, unlike the poems of the romantic period, here it is interpreted differently. romantic hero- an eternal wanderer, his whole life is on the way, on the road, and any stop means for him the loss of freedom. In romantic poetry, the theme of freedom is very closely connected with the theme of the road. Here, the theme of the road is connected not with the desire for freedom, but on the contrary - the hero strives home. The road here is associated with "wavy fogs", "sad clearings" and a "single" bell, and the road itself is called "boring".

The main thing that the poet wanted to convey is the sadness and boredom that awaits any traveler on a winter road. Nature sleeps, silence around, not a soul around, it even becomes a little creepy. After all, there are no houses around, no light that would indicate the presence of a person. Gloomy thoughts swarm in my head, it's cold. One joy is a reward at the end of the journey: gatherings by the fireplace with a person dear to the heart. This gives strength, the desire to move on, to expect ...

In the meantime, silence, sadness and melancholy, a white surface and only the bell rings. Even the coachman, tired of the songs, dozed off and, as if, merged with the silent and sinister winter nature. It seems that the silence of the moon and the fields has passed on to him. And only pillars are passing by, which, although they look dull, at the same time say that the path is shortening, the final goal is approaching. Only the more often they flash, the winter road seems endless.

The poem by A. S. Pushkin is as if divided into two parts, the first describes the landscape, and one feels the inner anxiety, melancholy and despondency of the writer, and in the second part the author talks with Nina, probably her friend. Pushkin says that tomorrow, when he returns home, even a meeting with his beloved will not make that longing disappear, the impression of which will live in his soul for a long time to come. To convey such a sad, dull mood, the author uses artistic and visual means: epithets (“sad”, “boring”, “monotonous”, “wavy” and others).

These words give the poem anxiety and sadness. There are also personifications (“the moon is creeping”, “pouring a sad light”), these expressions give a touch of mystery. When you finish reading a poem, it seems as if the quiet ringing of a bell is dying away in the distance ...

And the last detail - the fog that covered the "lunar face" gives the poem even more anxiety and mystery.

A. S. Pushkin loved, understood and subtly felt Russian nature. The poet never depicted the landscape separately from the person: the state of his soul is always in harmony with nature.
In the poem "Winter Road" there is a certain hidden meaning. Describing his journey, Alexander Pushkin compares it with his own life, the same, in his opinion, boring, dull and joyless. Only a few events add variety to it, like the coachman's songs, remote and sad, break into the silence of the night. However, these are only short moments that are not able to change life as a whole, to give it sharpness and fullness of sensations.

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Analysis of Yesenin's poem "Powder"

Sergei Yesenin is a famous and beloved Russian poet who sang the beauty of his native land, its nature and endless expanses. The lines of his works are easy to remember and evoke the most vivid feelings. In the poem "Powder", the author very skillfully describes winter time years: trees covered with white robes, a winter road covered with dry and fresh, light snow like a shawl.

Yesenin's early works, which include the poem "Powder", written in 1914, seem to breathe purity and freshness.The poet does not miss the opportunity to capture in rhymed phrases what has been dear to him since childhood.. It was during this period of his work that the author more and more often turns to memories that are in sharp contrast to the unsightly reality. Noisy and fussy Moscow makes Yesenin so tired that, left alone with his thoughts, he tries to remember the smell winter forest and feel the taste of snow on your lips, in order to later convey this in your poems.

Porosha is not only one of the most famous works Yesenin's landscape lyrics, but also reveals the romantic nature of the poet. He compares a lonely pine tree with a rural old woman who tied herself with a white scarf of snow, and the forest itself, enchanted by an invisible person, seems to the author to be a magical dormant kingdom, the peace of which is disturbed only by the ringing of the bell of his team. “The horse is galloping, there is a lot of space. It snows and spreads a shawl, "-these phrases contain extraordinary peace and beauty. At the same time, Yesenin masterfully conveys the dynamics of horseback riding, which gives him visible pleasure. And the road running into the distance sets you in a philosophical mood, forcing you to forget all everyday difficulties and troubles.

Yesenin sincerely, like a child, admires the winter landscape in the forest. He very gently and reverently conveys in his poem a picture of a winter forest. He calls winter invisible, who did a very good job and dressed everything around in a white outfit. She tied a scarf around a pine tree, which made it bend and look like an old woman leaning

on the stick And the road turned into a white ribbon, ringing under the hooves. Everything around is shrouded in white snow and sweetly fell asleep in a lovely dream, finding itself in a beautiful fairy tale.

To make the winter landscape unusual and mysterious, the author uses unusual sounds that break the original silence. Listening to the silence, the poet notices that the crackling of snow under the hooves of horses is so loud that it can be heard very far away, it seems “like gray crows screaming in the meadow.” And the woodpecker, sitting under the “very crown” of the Christmas tree, like an old woman, knocks very loudly, looking for something important.

How nice it is to put on a warm coat, felt boots, a hat, wrap your hands in warm mittens and hit the road through the forest, fields and meadows. Sit in a sleigh drawn by three horses with bells and drive along the rolled road to the songs of the coachman. How beautiful are the spaces native land in winter, how solemn and beautiful everything is.

So the lyrical hero of Yesenin has mercy in the winter in the forest. He calls winter invisible, who tried and dressed up everything in the forest - tied a scarf around a pine tree, which made it look like an old woman, turned the road into a white ribbon, ringing under the hooves. In winter, everything in the forest turned into a fairy tale, or rather, into a fairy tale dream. The hostage of this dream is the whole forest. And snow falls, it covers everything with a white shawl, envelops the whole earth. How joyful and cheerful in the soul at such a time.

The picture is complemented by unusual sounds - at first, it seems to be quiet - this is the first thing the poet writes to us about the forest. However, listening closely, the author notices that the forest is noisy from the sounds. There, in the distance, the sound of hooves and bells is heard, somewhere a woodpecker is hammering, and crows are noisy on the top of a pine tree.

We all drive on the roads, but not everyone notices the things around us that way. The lyrical hero Yesenin is not tired of loneliness on the way, he is not immersed in himself and thoughts. The poet is open to nature, which is probably why she shows him her most beautiful landscapes on the road.

We used to love summer, for warmth and bright sun. However, the author invites us to fall in love with winter. And the way he describes the winter landscape causes an irresistible desire to fall in love with her himself. From his lines, it is as if a quiet forest appears before your eyes, the trees are white from the snow, you just want to ride a sleigh or play snowballs, make a snowman.

Sergei Yesenin retained that unity with nature, which is inherent in a person only in childhood, because of that his lines are so sweet, simple, and the comparisons are so accurate.

Yesenin was able to see in the usual picture of a winter road, so interesting and mysterious things and very naturally and easily convey this in verse. To so sensually and colorfully describe the usual winter nature, you really need to let this beauty through yourself, feel its charm and pour out the whole depth of charm in verse, choosing wonderful words for each element of the landscape.

The work was carried out by the teacher of the Russian language and literature of the GBOU secondary school No. 1400 Svetkina Olga Anatolyevna.

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Comparative analysis of the poem by S.A. Yesenin "Powder" with the cited poem by A.S. Pushkin "Winter Road".

What brings the poem of S.A. Yesenin "Powder" with the following

poem by A.S. Pushkin's "Winter Road"

Poems by S.A. Yesenin and A.S. Pushkin is brought together primarily by the theme of the road, the image of the road. Yesenin's lyrical hero, just like Pushkin's, contemplates the world in winter, moving in a horse-drawn carriage. Here and there there is a ringing motif. In Yesenin, the ringing comes from under the hooves of the horse, in Pushkin, “the bell is monotonous / Tiringly rattles.” Yesenin's poems are the same as those of

Pushkin, written in one size - a two-syllable trochee. The effect of protracted, melodiousness in both poets is given by numerous pyrrhics. The state of the lyrical heroes is different, but the perception of the road as something complex, calling, mysterious, alluring - as a feeling of life being lived - is typical for these Russian poems.

philosophical lyrics.

1.2.1. What kind of nature appears in the poem, transformed by powder? Nature appears amazing, spiritualized and beautiful in the poem by S.A. Yesenin. This is a living, personified world in which the lyrical hero hears sounds: ringing from under the hooves of a horse, the noise of crows, the knock of a woodpecker. He sees an enchanted forest with a dormant old pine tree and a woodpecker pecking. And the main thing is the space expanding along and upwards: from the sound from under the hooves of the horse, through the woodpecker under the top of the pine tree - and the transition to the endless expanse ahead, because "the road runs off into the distance like a ribbon." And a wonderful picture of the world appears, beckoning the lyrical hero forward, into the endless distance.

1.2.2. Poem by S.A. Yesenin begins and ends with the image of the road. What is the meaning of this image in the poem.

The image of the road is a key one in world literature. By a road, in the literal sense, we mean a geographical path from a particular point A to point B, even if it is a road from home to school. Another "road" - the path of man and mankind - has a figurative meaning, acquires philosophical meaning. So in Yesenin's poem, the specific image of the road into which the lyrical hero rushed, contemplating the wondrous world around, is transformed into the image of the endless road of life, the road that "runs away into the distance." Then we perceive this image as philosophical.

The work was carried out by the teacher of the Russian language and literature of the GBOU secondary school No. 1400 Svetkina Olga Anatolyevna.