Material of the team id104 Endemics - creative tour of the pre-school educational institution in Biology 2007 "Unfamiliar Biology"

Nice word? A lepidopterist is a person who studies butterflies. The name of the profession, like the word lepidopterology - the science of butterflies, comes from the Latin lepidoptera - butterfly. Lepidopterologists are interested in the biology of Lepidoptera, their physiology, definition, taxonomy and other features of representatives of this order of insects. Often lepidopterists combine their work with the profession of ecologist, geographer or ornithologist. A person who is simply fond of butterflies is called a lepidopterist. To become a lepidopterist, you need to graduate from the biological faculty of a university and work at the department of entomology.

Another scientist - Ershov, Nikolai Grigorievich - Russian lepidopterologist, b. April 23, 1837 in Moscow, died March 12, 1896 in St. Petersburg, .; received his secondary education in St. Petersburg., at the request of his father, he remained a merchant, but attended lectures on zoology and chemistry at the Medico-Surgical Academy and worked at the Zoological Museum of Imp. acad. Sciences. While still at the boarding school, under the guidance of Menetrie, he studied mainly Russian Lepidoptera. Ershov is known for having collected one of the best collections on butterflies, most of which he brought as a gift to the Zoological Museum of Imp. acad. Sciences. E. took an active part in the affairs of the Russian Entomological Society. Of the numerous scientific works of E. deserve special attention: "Catalogue of Lepidoptera Russian Empire"(Together with Field, St. Petersburg, 1869); "Journey to Turkestan A.P. Fedchenko. Lepidoptera" (M., 1874).

On the Internet there is a Gallery of Russian lepidopterologists and neighboring countries: http://jugan2.narod.ru/index.html, where you can meet colleagues and like-minded people.

Few people know, but Vladimir Nabokov was not only a writer, but also a lepidopterist, and in his books he rather harshly assessed the state of science about butterflies in Russia and abroad. Nabokov's butterflies are mentioned in the books "The Gift" and "Other Shores". He criticizes the other famous writer Aksakov for the book he wrote "Collecting Butterflies", but in the opinion of Yu. P. Korshunov (another of our lepidopterologists) is unreasonable. The very fact of the existence of criticism regarding books about butterflies between writers shows that this is an exciting and popular hobby concerns not only specialist entomologists, eccentrics like Paganel Jules Verne, but also many other people.

In Other Shores, Nabokov writes of Russian lepidopterology as "an almost non-existent<…>under the Soviets. In fact, there were no grounds for such a dull conclusion. In addition to the popular science publications mentioned above, since the 18th century materials were regularly published in Russia under the auspices of the Academy of Sciences, the Moscow Society of Naturalists was very active, then the Russian Entomological Society. Vladimir Nabokov was aware of these publications, wrote about it, but believed that 1917 had stopped everything.

Naturally, the years of devastation affected the business, but the specialists and the main collections were preserved. And just in the 20-30s there was a special surge for many publications, especially applied ones. Keys were published for general and for individual groups of insects, the series "Fauna of Russia" and further "Fauna of the USSR". On the basis of the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, research on Lepidoptera continued and developed. Great specialists N. Ya. Kuznetsov, N. N. Filipiev, A. A. Yakhontov, P. P. Sushkin, S. S. Chetverikov, V. and I. Kozhanchikov, A. S. Danilevsky and others worked quite actively, using a variety of techniques, including the most advanced. Aksakovskoe "Collecting butterflies" new life received in 1938, when the publishing house "Children's Literature" published the book "Butterflies": "abbreviated and processed for children of younger and middle age, the story of S. T. Aksakov "Collecting butterflies" (afterword and captions to the tables by N. N. Plavilshchikov, drawings in the text of G. Orlov. Pages 88 and 15 color tables, circulation 25.300 copies"). Unfortunately, this and other books about butterflies (A. A. Yakhontov "Our Daytime Butterflies", M. Uchpedgiz, 1935; S. D. Lavrov "Our Caterpillars", M. Uchpedgiz, 1938) were prevented from serving properly by the war.

The war years, the years of denial of genetics, of course, affected business, as did poor funding, poor printing, but enthusiasts did not translate into Rus'. At present, lepidopterology continues to develop, new books, atlases and albums dedicated to Lepidoptera are published annually in the world and all more people enjoys studying these amazing, gentle creatures.

Why? Because butterflies are simply very beautiful.

when creating the article, information from Wikipedia, dictionaries and reference books on biology was also used (was previously read :)),

Insect lovers may also be interested in this site:

These mysterious and undeniably beautiful creatures are a source of poetic inspiration and have become the heroes of many myths and legends.

1. Butterflies belong to one of the largest groups of insects - Lepidoptera. In addition to these creatures, this group also includes moths and moths. At the moment, Lepidoptera have about 157,000 species of insects.

2. These unique creatures are the second largest pollinators after bees.

3. The science that studies butterflies is called lepidopterology.

4. The largest night butterfly is Attacus aitas. Its wingspan is about 30 cm and it is often confused with a bird.

5. The most enduring butterfly in the world has the name "Monarch". She can cover a distance of a thousand kilometers without stopping.

6. The maximum speed that this little creature can reach is 12 miles per hour, but there are species that reach the mark of 50 km / h (31 miles per hour).

7. The most amazing fact about these creatures is that butterflies need the warmth of the sun in order to fly.

8.4 Butterfly wings are covered with scales, which are sacs with transparent ribbed walls. After a careless touch, they fall off me, and the wings look faded.

In fact, butterfly wings are transparent. The scales that cover the wing simply reflect sunlight and thus give themselves color. In the rarest cases, scales in a butterfly are present in very small quantities or are completely absent.

9. The life cycle of these creatures consists of four phases: egg, caterpillar, chrysalis and imago (butterfly).

Eggs can have various shapes: from spherical and round to cylindrical and angular. It depends on the type of butterfly.

10. An interesting fact: a butterfly lays its offspring in one place for many years in a row.

11. Butterflies never sleep.

12. In some Asian and South American countries, butterflies are considered a delicacy!

13. The most complex organ of these amazing creatures is the eyes. They are made up of 6,000 tiny pieces called lenses.

14. The only continent where Lepidoptera do not live is Antarctica.

15. Butterflies are ancient creatures. Their images are present on Egyptian frescoes, which are more than 3.5 thousand years old.

16. Taste buds in butterflies are on the paws, i.e. standing on the plant, they can taste it.

17. Butterflies are one of the most common objects for collecting among the most famous people in the world, such as: Nabokov, Rothschild, Bulgakov, Mavrodi.

18. The period in which the butterfly lays eggs lasts only a few days, but one individual can lay more than a thousand eggs.

19. Basically, all caterpillars live on land, but there is also a species of water caterpillars called broad-winged moths.

20. Basically, most butterflies have a short life - only a few days. However, there are specimens with a rather long life cycle: the Brixton butterfly is a long-liver, its cycle lasts up to 10 months.

21. There is more than one species of these insects in the world, which can rightfully be considered the rarest. One of them is the sailboat of Queen Alexandra - the largest butterfly on the planet.

It is possible to find it only on the territory of Papua New Guinea and thanks to collectors, this species is on the verge of complete extinction.

22. Many butterflies have earned a place in the Red Book only because of their incredibly beautiful color, and some of these creatures are pests for crops.

23. There are several species of these beautiful creatures that do not eat at all during the entire imago cycle (the last stage of life). Such individuals live due to the energy accumulated during the period when the butterfly was still a caterpillar.

24. In Russian, the word "butterfly" is derived from the word "woman", since our ancestors believed that all witches become butterflies after death.

25. The Blue Dwarf is rightfully considered the smallest butterfly in the world, with a wingspan of only 1.4 cm.

26. In the tropical forests of the New and Old Worlds, there is a species of butterflies whose males feed on the tears of animals.

27. Butterflies are myopic!

28. These creatures can even distinguish colors, however, not all of them. Each species sees some of its shades. So, for example, cabbage sees red, but satire does not distinguish it at all.

29. Peru and one Indian state, Sikkim, are considered the richest in the diversity of Lepidoptera species.

30. It turns out that the secret of the butterfly is hidden precisely in its scales on the wings. They maintain the temperature balance, and also increase the airworthiness.

31. The proboscis of a butterfly is a modified lower jaw that has been transformed into a sucking organ. But the butterfly caterpillar has rather strong jaws, thanks to which it can chew solid food.

32. The most common butterfly in Russia and Siberia is the Peacock eye. Due to its original pattern, it is difficult to confuse it with any other: the upper part of the wing has a cherry-brown color and a spot in the form of an eye, which is characteristic of this species, while the bottom is completely black-brown.

33. Butterflies are twilight creatures. Only some members of this group of insects are diurnal. Butterflies feed on nectar and other plant secretions containing sugar.

These creatures of incredible beauty at all times amaze people with their incredible variety of colors, bizarre shapes and intricate patterns. Butterflies are born in order to die, giving life to a new generation before that.

✴“Lepidopterology is the name of the science of butterflies” ///from the Internet/✴

Butterflies are born to die, giving life to a new generation. Most of them live only a few days, with the exception of the Monarch butterfly, which can live up to six months.

“We wouldn’t consider them so beautiful if they didn’t fly. Or if they flew straight and fast like bees. Or if they bite" /Primo Levi/

Butterflies are the second largest pollinators after bees. Today on the globe there are about 165,000 species of butterflies, and every year entomologists make new discoveries.

Butterflies taste food by standing on it. This is because their taste sensors are in their feet.

Butterfly flight speed sometimes exceeds 60 km/h. The fastest flight of butterflies of the hawk family.

Scientists have found that the first night butterflies appeared about 250 million years ago, while day butterflies are only 40 million years old. Many of these winged insects, similar to modern ones, lived on our planet already 30-40 million years ago.

The largest moth in the world - Attacus Atlas. With a wingspan of 30 cm, it is often mistaken for a bird.

Among all 165,000 Lepidoptera species known to us, the smallest is Stigmella ridiculosa, which lives in the Canary Islands. The wingspan and body length are about 2 mm.

Some butterflies pretend to be dead when attacked by predators.

Butterflies possess amazing ability find "spouses" at large distances, given their small size. And, as a rule, this distance reaches several kilometers.

If in Europe they only enjoy the beauty of butterflies, then in China, South America and India they know how to cook and eat with pleasure.

Butterflies can't hear, but they can sense vibration, which works better when they need to hide from predators.

Several species claim the title of the rarest butterfly, including the largest of all butterflies - the sailboat (or birdwing) of Queen Alexandra. She lives in papua new guinea. Unfortunately, this butterfly has been hunted too actively by collectors, so it is on the verge of extinction.

The desert-dwelling yucca moth is the sole pollinator of flowering yucca cacti. Pollination occurs in the following way. A butterfly collects pollen from one cactus in its mouth and carries it to another cactus, flying to the smell of flowers. Upon arrival, she unerringly unloads pollen in the right place to set seeds. Here, the butterfly lays three eggs, and its caterpillars feed on cactus seeds, which were formed as a result of pollination. They eat a small fraction of the seeds, most of the seeds are preserved and give life to new plants.

Among moth butterflies (Pyralididae) there are those that feed on animal food, and some of them have adaptations to living in aquatic environment they are able to live underwater. Only the Dead Head hawk moth (Acherontia atropos) has a special “speech” organ located in the pharynx. This butterfly, with anxiety or a sense of danger, can squeak.

Some butterflies never eat because they don't have a mouth. They live on the energy they have accumulated in the form of caterpillars.

Butterflies have an amazing appetite, some of them can drink a sugar solution in an amount that exceeds their own weight twice.

Present among butterflies, as an exception, are predators, for example, Calyptra eustrigata, which live from India to Malaysia. These butterflies feed on the blood of animals, piercing their covers with a sharp proboscis, while females feed on the juice of fruits and plants.

Antarctica is the only continent on which Lepidoptera were not found.

What are those who study butterflies called? Fish are ichthyologists, snakes are serpentologists, birds are ornithologists, and butterflies??? and got the best answer

Answer from Jovetlan[guru]
Entomologists






Odonatology - dragonflies

Trichopterology - caddisflies

Answer from 2 answers[guru]

Hello! Here is a selection of topics with answers to your question: What are those who study butterflies called? Fish are ichthyologists, snakes are serpentologists, birds are ornithologists, and butterflies???

Answer from Rain drop[guru]
A scientist who studies insects is called an entomologist. An entomologist studies beetles, butterflies, flies, etc. The branch of entomology that studies Lepidoptera is called lepidopterology.

Answer from Hammer of the Scots[guru]
Specifically, butterflies are studied by a lepidopterist. Lepidopterology - branch of entomology about Lepidoptera.

Answer from Anatoly Krylov[guru]
Entomologists

Answer from Nadezhda Kotsareva[guru]
Entomologists

Answer from Amangeldy amangeldiev[guru]
By the way, water chestnuts grew in your Goloseevsky park. Haven't seen it anywhere else.

Answer from Kirili nikitenko[newbie]
Apiology - deals with the study of bees (Apoidea)
Dipterology - Diptera (mosquitoes and flies)
Hymenopterology - Hymenoptera insects (riders, sawflies, bees, wasps, ants)
Coleopterology - Coleoptera (Coleoptera)
Lepidopterology - Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera)
Myrmecology - ants (Formicidae)
Odonatology - dragonflies
Orthopterology - Orthoptera (grasshoppers, locusts)
Trichopterology - caddisflies

The science of butterflies is called lepidopterology. For my short life a female butterfly can lay over 1,000 eggs. Butterflies are insects with complete transformation or holometamorphosis. Their life cycle includes four phases: Egg; Larva (caterpillar); chrysalis; Adult insect (imago). Butterflies are insects with complete transformation, or holometamorphosis. Their life cycle includes four phases: Egg; Larva (caterpillar); chrysalis; Adult insect (imago). Atlas (A. atlas aurantica) - one of the "champions" in terms of wing area

The caterpillar has now become a chrysalis within a chrysalis, with its body parts smashed into a thick fluid that will feed the special, programmed cells that lie in the caterpillar. These cell clusters begin to form specialized body parts such as the new creature's wings, legs and eyes. This process continues for several days, weeks, and sometimes months, depending on the type of butterfly that will appear. The final stage occurs when the adult butterfly finally pushes itself out of its chrysalis, not looking like a caterpillar.

Do butterflies have a heart? Yes, I have. Only not in the chest, but ... in the abdomen. And their blood is not red, but green. It does not contain hemoglobin, and it does not carry oxygen, as in humans, but delivers nutrients, various hormones and enzymes to all insect cells. The ability of butterflies to find "spouses" at a great distance is amazing. Night butterflies are especially famous for this: males of some species find a female several kilometers away! The wings of M. rethenor from the genus Morpho shine with iridescent colors Male peacock-eye (Eudia pavonia) has an exceptional sense of smell

When a butterfly breaks through a soft shell, its wings are wet and crumpled, and it must rest while it expands its wings and pumps them with blood. The continued clapping makes them strong, and soon the adult is ready to fly off and start this cycle again, looking for a mate.

Each adult butterfly is covered in millions of tiny scales that help control body temperature. They can also help him avoid being captured by a predator, as they wear off easily. It is these scales that give, but their terms Beautiful colors. The body of a butterfly consists of three parts: the head, chest and belly. It has two long antennae on its head, which it uses as probes to touch and smell. They also have two large compound eyes, which means that each one is thousands of formed eyes.

Butterflies have become a hobby of many famous people. They were collected by Vladimir Nabokov, Mikhail Bulgakov, academician Ivan Pavlov, revolutionary Nikolai Bukharin, the famous financier Walter Rothschild. Among our contemporaries, Andrei Makarevich and the Mavrodi brothers, owners of one of the largest collections in Russia, paid attention to butterflies. Vladimir Nabokov discovered 20 species of butterflies and named them. And he donated his collection of 4324 copies to the Zoological Museum of the University of Lausanne. Butterflies have become a hobby of many famous people. They were collected by Vladimir Nabokov, Mikhail Bulgakov, academician Ivan Pavlov, revolutionary Nikolai Bukharin, the famous financier Walter Rothschild. Among our contemporaries, Andrei Makarevich and the Mavrodi brothers, owners of one of the largest collections in Russia, paid attention to butterflies. Vladimir Nabokov discovered 20 species of butterflies and named them. And he donated his collection of 4324 copies to the Zoological Museum of the University of Lausanne. Lilac moth (Naxa seriaria) is able to take off from the surface of the water

This allows the butterfly to see in all directions at the same time. They also have a long, hollow tube called a proboscis, which they use like a straw to drink an energy-rich, sugary liquid called nectar produced by flowering plants.

Butterfly's wings are the most important part as they allow it to move around food, shelter, helper and everything else it needs. Its wings are very strong, and they are supported and shaped by a network of veins, just like those in a leaf. Different species have wings different shapes that make every fly different. Those with large wings flap and make long glides, while those with broad wings flutter and flow or move in short bursts. long, thin wings fly faster, and those with short triangular wings can zigzag and fire quickly.

The Red Book serves as the scientific and directive basis for organizing the protection of rare and endangered species of butterflies. So, 70 species of Lepidoptera belonging to 14 families are included in the IUCN Red Book. The first Red Book of Russia, published in 1983, included 12 species of butterflies. Two years later, the Red Book of the USSR was published with a list of 105 species of Lepidoptera. In 1999, a new list of endangered animals of Russia was published, which included 33 species of butterflies. Queen Alexandra's Ornithoptera (Ornithoptera alexandrae). One of the rare species threatened with extinction. Despite restrictions on trade in this species, the unofficial value of a pair of butterflies among collectors can reach US dollars or more. Swallowtail

The famous monarch butterfly flies to Mexico from North America before the autumn chill arrives. Some scientists believe they find their way using the Sun's position as a compass, while others believe they are able to detect changes in light waves that filter through clouds.

Butterfly wings are covered with scales, which are sacs with transparent ribbed walls. After a careless touch, they fall off, and the wings look faded.

It is said that the ancient Greeks believed that when people die, their souls leave their bodies in the shape of a butterfly. Their soul symbol was a young girl named Psyche who had butterfly wings. Today we know that true butterflies are extremely sensitive to changes in their environment. More and more as their habitats are being destroyed and threatened by pollution, pesticides and other species human activity Butterflies are in danger. Some rare species may already be extinct.

butterflies national park"Yugyd va" The first Lepidoptera in the mountain-forest belt of the National Park "Yugyd va" can be found already at the end of May. These include urticaria, lemongrass, s-white antlers. There are mourning places, scoops of the serrated wing, less often - multicolors. In June, butterflies of a new generation appear. In the meadows, forest edges, carnivals from the pigeon family are plentiful. Under the crown of birches, potted whites flutter. A bright symbol of spring are butterflies-dawns or aurora with cheerful orange spots on wings visible from afar. Amicable companies of garden whites gather around the thawed places - rutabaga, cabbage, turnips. Butterfly-dawn

Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. The butterfly is often perceived as a type of fragile and ephemeral creature. Butterfly affects the effect of a very small change in the initial conditions of the system, which significantly affects the result; the term comes from the title of an article by American meteorologist Edward Lorenz, "Predictability: Did a Butterfly's Wing in Brazil Launch a Tornado in Texas?" floating like a butterfly, stinging like a bee, a summary of Muhammad Ali's boxing strategy probably originated with his assistant, Drew "Bundini" Brown.

The proboscis of a butterfly is a modified lower jaw that has been transformed into a sucking organ. But the butterfly caterpillar has rather strong jaws, thanks to which it can chew solid food.

She feared her big day would be ruined by a butterfly or a plea fluttering into the church as she walked down the aisle. If this happened, she knew that within seconds she would be frozen in place, hyperventilate, and possibly faint.

In the park, cocoonworms are represented by four species: raspberry, fluffy, pine and hawthorn. During the day, large brown butterflies, the birch silkworm, fly over the crowns. This species is included in the list of rare and endangered insects of the Komi Republic. In June, the first moths appear. They got their name because of the way the caterpillars of this species move. Outwardly, this is similar to measuring distance with fingers (spans). The members of the family are diverse. The birch moth became a kind of indicator of clean air, thanks to which it became famous in the 19th century. It has been observed that the coloration of its wings becomes dark in industrial areas where tree trunks are covered with soot. Butterflies living in the birch forests of the national park are bright, and this may indicate the absence of air pollution in its territory. During this period of summer, you can meet large and very beautiful butterflies from the Saturnia family, or peacock-eye. Two species of them live in the national park: the red nocturnal peacock eye and the lesser nocturnal peacock eye.

Over two million Britons suffer from phobias and although they are often trivialized or ridiculed, they can dominate lives. Celebrities also suffer from them. Earlier this month, Kylie Minogue revealed her own bizarre phobia. The singer is terrified of coat hangers, she hates the sight and sound of them and has even designed a special wardrobe to show off her outfits.

In Tina's case, the 38-year-old was forced to have a wedding in the depths of winter when she knew the chances of meeting a moth or butterfly were slim. "People don't appreciate how a phobia can turn you off in so many ways," says Tina, a former television researcher from Croydon, south London, who is now a full-time mom to Toby, of two. I closed the windows in the summer and was afraid to leave the house.

In the evenings, various scoops fly, or bats - the most numerous representatives of Lepidoptera. in deciduous and mixed forests In the national park, five species from the corydalis family were found: large harpy, willow, zigzag, carmelite, silver hole. Caterpillars of a number of corydalis are distinguished by bright colors. Since July, various mother-of-pearls have been flying in the meadows: Selena, violet, Titania, small velvet. Less common are mother-of-pearl tavolzhanka, Aglaya, early checkers. Alpine mother-of-pearl (Tor) is a characteristic representative of the Ural fauna. Unusual in the polar regions is Laton's mother-of-pearl, Eugene's mother-of-pearl, which is listed in the Red Book of the Komi Republic. Its biology has not yet been studied. In the evenings, various scoops fly, or bats - the most numerous representatives of Lepidoptera. In the deciduous and mixed forests of the national park, five species from the corydalis family were found: large harpy, willow, zigzag, carmelite, silver hole. Caterpillars of a number of corydalis are distinguished by bright colors. Since July, various mother-of-pearls have been flying in the meadows: Selena, violet, Titania, small velvet. Less common are mother-of-pearl tavolzhanka, Aglaya, early checkers. Alpine mother-of-pearl (Tor) is a characteristic representative of the Ural fauna. Unusual in the polar regions is Laton's mother-of-pearl, Eugene's mother-of-pearl, which is listed in the Red Book of the Komi Republic. Its biology has not yet been studied. Perlamutrovka Evgenia

These mysterious and undeniably beautiful creatures are a source of poetic inspiration and have become the heroes of many myths and legends.

We even held holidays in cold places where there was less chance of stumbling upon them. Her phobia began when she was a little girl without any apparent reason. “Nobody took it seriously then,” says Tina. "At school, some girls would put a dead butterfly in my locker."

A phobia is an intense fear that seems irrational to others and interferes with your life. We still don't know the exact causes, but they seem to be the result of a combination of genetics, environmental triggers, and learned behaviors. Now that it is being taken more seriously, there is more research to find new treatments, including one study in Japan to develop a drug that may be able to turn off the part of the brain involved in driving phobias.

Large white hawthorns often feed on meadow flowers. Numerous in the park are black marigolds: Ligea, Euryale, Embla. Unlike other butterflies, blackflies are not afraid of cloudy weather and often fly in drizzling rain. The Northern and Subpolar Urals is perhaps the last place where the number of swallowtail butterflies does not cause concern yet. This beautiful and large sailboat from the family of cavaliers has become rare in the territories developed by man. Swallowtail is recognizable - yellow with a bright pattern, consisting of a black border, and noticeable bluish spots. A magnificent decoration of the fauna of the national park is the admiral - velvety black on top, a red stripe on the front wings, the same border on the hind wings, the corners of the front wings in white spots. The smart admiral is a real celebrity. The butterfly became famous all over the world thanks to its fearless flights across the Atlantic. In the Subpolar Urals, this tireless traveler can be met regularly. There is a version that they successfully overwinter with us. Large white hawthorns often feed on meadow flowers. Numerous in the park are black marigolds: Ligea, Euryale, Embla. Unlike other butterflies, blackflies are not afraid of cloudy weather and often fly in drizzling rain. The Northern and Subpolar Urals is perhaps the last place where the number of swallowtail butterflies does not cause concern yet. This beautiful and large sailboat from the Cavalier family has become rare in the territories developed by man. Swallowtail is recognizable - yellow with a bright pattern, consisting of a black border, and noticeable bluish spots. A magnificent decoration of the fauna of the national park is the admiral - velvety black on top, a red stripe on the front wings, the same border on the hind wings, the corners of the front wings in white spots. The smart admiral is a real celebrity. The butterfly became famous all over the world thanks to its fearless flights across the Atlantic. In the Subpolar Urals, this tireless traveler can be met regularly. There is a version that they successfully overwinter with us. Nigella bandaged Admiral vulgaris Meadow jaundice

Once, when my neighbors were away, my boyfriend had to drive across London in the middle of the night to get moths out of my bedroom. When Tina and her husband of 10 years, David, 38, decided to start a family, she sought help again, this time trying Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which is the most proven treatment for phobias. “I couldn't have a baby and be afraid to go out into the garden or the park in the summer,” Tina explains.

At first, the therapist didn't even mention butterflies and butterflies, but talked about many other things. It was like a normal conversation, not a treatment. We went on to talk about what it was with butterflies and butterflies that I didn't like. Even the patterns on their wings scared me.

In late July - early August, one of the most beautiful butterflies of the national park, the sailfish feubus, flies in the meadows under the bald mountains. The sailboat Phoebus flies only in clear weather. Phoebe's caterpillars develop mainly on radiol pink. And if this plant, undergoing poaching, decreases in numbers, then this may cause a decrease in the number of this butterfly, listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. Sailboat phoebus The fauna of lepidoptera is very peculiar in the north of the national park in the basin of the river Kozhim. Some Siberian species are numerous here: magna marigold, Angarsk mother-of-pearl. Black marble is very rare. It is customary to meet Norn marigold, Polixena, northern, Ross, Euryalus, Ligeya, Embla and some other species in tundra places. An interesting representative Urala is an Alaskan mother-of-pearl. Large forest mother-of-pearl

Since then, she was able to cope with insects and no longer planned her life around moths and butterflies. It is estimated that around one in 10 Britons will suffer from a phobia at some point in their lives. For unknown reasons, women are twice as likely to suffer from a phobia than men. The most common are spiders, snakes, heights, open spaces and social situations.

IN rare cases phobias are treated with drugs, but there are a number of alternatives, including hypnotherapy, acupuncture, and regression therapy. A recent study found that patients who were horrified by the dentist's workout were less anxious after acupuncture sessions. Earlier this year, Japanese scientists announced that phobias such as fear of spiders, snakes, flying and heights could be cured by injection. It is thought that since fear is a scientific habit, a hit can "turn off" the part of the brain that generates the emotion behind it.

There are very few diurnal butterflies in the high-mountain lichen tundras. Alpine whitefish (callidica) and marigold Melissa still live among the rocks. Alpine whitefish is not afraid of cold northern winds and rains. You can observe how even in stormy weather these butterflies continue to feed on the nectar of flowers. Lemon balm males have a pronounced territorial behavior. Usually the male sits, hiding on the stones, but when another male appears in the air, he abruptly takes off and rushes after him in pursuit. Marigold Melissa Belyanka alpine

The researchers were encouraged after tests on goldfish, whose brains resemble those of humans, showed that when they were given a dose of lidocaine, they "forgot" how to be frightened by flashing lights. The therapist may also teach the patient to control the phobia using deep breathing. This method is called expiratory or desensitization therapy and involves more and more exposure to dangerous situations.

Regression therapy focuses on how past experiences and conflicts have caused phobias. By studying them, therapists believe that sufferers can be released from the trigger that caused the phobia. Sam Cartwright-Hatton, a clinical psychologist at the University of Manchester, says: Phobias almost always develop in childhood. The vast majority do not experience any traumatic experiences.

The beautiful butterflies of the Urals can be conditionally used as indicators of the environment. Butterflies are sensitive to the slightest changes in nature and, thanks to their bright outfit, are excellent indicators of their state. environment. The richer our area is in various species of butterflies and the greater their number, the healthier natural environment. Swallowtail

Her research shows that some children tend to be fearful and more likely to "learn" a phobia, raising the fear of a parent or sibling. “Phobias are still not taken seriously by medical professionals, but they can become serious if left untreated,” adds Dr. Cartwright-Hatton.

"People will go into extraordinary moments to avoid what they fear." In her profession, she is known as a lepidopterist, a person who collects or studies butterflies or butterflies. And she is one of the courageous women who, without any remorse, into dangerous territory, pursues her passionate hobby - chasing and studying moths or night butterflies.

butterflies

The science of butterflies is called lepidopterology.

Since ancient times, butterflies have been associated with beauty and eternity. IN Ancient Greece the butterfly was a symbol of the immortality of the soul, and in India it is a sign of fidelity and love, so lovers give it to each other at a wedding. IN South-East Asia there is a sign that says that a butterfly that has flown into the house is fortunate.

The equipment includes a light trap and white sheet, mercury lamp power of 165 watts. A sheet stretches between the trees and a lamp hangs above it. This attracts a large number of butterflies, allowing her to take notes and photographs. A pioneer among a handful of women in the field, Shubhalaksmi's passion has paid off beautifully - she has recorded 419 moth species in Maharashtra and 500 in Arunachal Pradesh in the past 10 years.

Recognized as India's first female lipidopterist studying the most elusive and shy and least studied insect in the Indian subcontinent, it's hard to imagine that in her younger years, Shubalaxmi had a phobia for any insect. My mother also suffered from it, so it must have been inherited!

Butterflies taste food with their paws. After bees, they carry the most pollen.

The largest night butterfly in the world is Attacus altas. With a wingspan of over 30 cm, it is often mistaken for a bird.

Except tropical butterflies there are less well-known ones - for example, arctic ones, with whitish or transparent wings. Some species even live on the Canadian island of Queen Elizabeth, 750 km from the North Pole.

Most butterflies only live for a few days. The exception is the Monarch butterfly, which can live up to 6 months, in addition, it is able to fly 1000 km without stopping.

Butterflies never sleep and they don't have lungs.

Some butterflies, when attacked by predators, pretend to be dead, while others are able to reach speeds of up to 50 km / h.

Scientists believe that some butterfly larvae can communicate with ants using sounds.

Butterflies are not as peaceful as they seem. Often they fight for sunny plots of land.

Butterflies distinguish between red, green and yellow.

In China, South America and India, butterflies are eaten with pleasure.

There are clinics in Stockholm where patients are treated for stress in greenhouses with flowers and butterflies.