Derry Ireland. Londonderry. “Chinese” and “white” cities Kitay-gorod, White city and Boulevard Ring

There is a whole problem with the name of the city (en: Derry/Londonderry name dispute). The prefix “London-” appeared in the 17th century according to the decree of the English king James I. Since then, the question of the true name has remained a subject of debate between the British and the Irish (Irish nationalists prefer the name "Derry", while supporters of a political union with Great Britain, unionists use "Londonderry"). Currently, both names can be considered official, although "Derry" is more widely used. In 1984 Londonderry City Council changed its name to Derry City Council. In general, the name “Derry” is very common in Ireland; it is borne by several fairly large settlements, not counting villages.

Geography

Historically, Derry originated as a monastic centre, then as a port and fortification at the mouth of the River Foyle, off Lough Foyle. The first buildings were located on the western bank; now the city is located on both banks, connected by two bridges.

Story

Economy

Derry is the second most important economic center in Northern Ireland. The linen, clothing, chemical (DuPont) and food industries were traditionally located here. IN last years The high-tech sector is developing. For example, the Seagate plant produces 80% of the magnetic heads for its hard drives in Derry.

Education and culture

The city is home to a university college.

Famous fellow countrymen

• Dean, Seamus - Irish poet, novelist, literary critic
• Hannon, Neil (Neil Hannon, born in 1970) - composer and poet, leader of the baroque pop group The Divine Comedy (founded in 1988)

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Excerpt describing Londonderry

Mussenden Temple is a small round building located on the cliffs off the North West Coast Atlantic Ocean in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. Currently, the temple is an architectural monument, open to tourists for free throughout the year.

It was built in 1785, and at the time of its construction was part of the estate of Frederick Augustus of Hervey, Bishop of Derry. Historians agree that Hervey built this building in honor of his cousin Fridesvida Masseden, and did not use it to communicate with the Lord, but as a summer library. Actually, this building was called a temple only because of the similarity of many architectural features with the Temple of Vesta in Italy.

Towards the end of the last century, it became obvious that if the rocks at the foot of the building continued to crumble, then in a few years it would decorate the landscape of the ocean floor, and therefore in 1997 a decision was made to carry out work to stabilize the foundation of the building. After completion of the work, the structure continues to receive tourists, and since 2007, wedding ceremonies have also been held here.

Londonderry City Wall

Londonderry is the ancient fortified city of Ireland. The colorful landscape of the area, the River Foyle, which bends and flows around the entire city, create a cozy atmosphere that does not in any way remind of the dramatic events of recent history. Londonderry is also known for its famous city wall, which protected the city for many centuries.

The height of the city walls reaches 8 meters, and their width in some places reaches 9 meters. They are the best surviving city fortifications in Europe. They were erected in 1618 to protect the new trading city from the Gaelic leaders of Donegal. The walls were never breached, not even during the siege of 1689, when disease and starvation killed 7,000 of the 20,000 population. After the restoration work is completed, for the first time in several decades it will be possible to walk along the ancient walls. Not far from the old fortifications, beyond Butcher's Gate is the Bogside, a Catholic area where you can read the famous inscription: "You have entered free Derry."

What sights of Londonderry did you like? Next to the photo there are icons, by clicking on which you can rate a particular place.

Austins Department Store

Austins department store is located in the Diamond District of Derry in Northern Ireland. It is one of the oldest department stores not only in Ireland, but throughout the world. Austin's opened in 1830 as the first independent department store in Northern Ireland.

The total area of ​​this ancient five-story building is impressive - it is equal to 2.5 square kilometers. On the ground floor there are cosmetics and perfume stores with a recently opened Hugo Boss men's store. The second floor, served like all other floors of the building by elevators and escalators, will undoubtedly delight a female audience interested in fashion. This floor also features a spacious bridal suite. The third floor of the department store is reserved for salons specializing in the sale jewelry and bedding with a fairly wide price range.

On the fourth floor you can buy a lot of souvenirs and household goods, and the restaurant located on the fifth floor offers a wonderful view of the city. Prices in the restaurant are slightly above average, but the level of service and quality of dishes satisfy the needs of the most demanding visitors.

St Columba's Cathedral is a Church of Ireland Anglican cathedral in Derry in Northern Ireland, seat of the Bishop of Londonderry and Raphoe.

It opened to parishioners in 1633 and was consecrated in honor of St. Columba. It was the first cathedral in the British Isles to be built after the Reformation.

The appearance of the building remained without significant changes until 1776, when the tower was built up by 6.5 meters, and a stone spire was built. However, after 20 years the superstructure began to deteriorate and was removed, and the tower was rebuilt in 1802. Another 20 years later a spire was added. In 1825 the south portico was removed, and in 1827 the east tower was rebuilt. In 1861-1862, a lot of work was done to renovate the interior of the cathedral. In 1887 the altar was modified. In 1910, a chapter house was built.

Subsequently, the cathedral largely retained its appearance, but suffered due to terrorist bombs. Antique stained glass windows suffered significant losses.

The cathedral is open to visitors all year round, and visitors are also invited to attend daily services.

Foyleside Shopping Center

Foyleside is a large shopping center in Derry, which includes almost 50 stores of a wide variety of specializations. Foyleside Shopping Center also regularly hosts a variety of entertainment events, including fashion shows, musical performances, children's art exhibitions and family events.

The selection of goods is simply dizzying: there is almost everything here. Perfume stores offer customers a wide range of products from leading manufacturers such as Armani, Hugo Boss and Kenzo. Undoubtedly, the shoe department will delight the female audience - here you can buy everything from elegant lightweight sandals to demi-season leather boots. There is also a Yankee candle store here, where you can buy the most popular candles. different forms and sizes, including hand-made aromatics.

If you're tired of shopping and want to grab a bite to eat, Foyleside has a number of cafes and bistros, including the ubiquitous McDonald's. The founders of the shopping center plan to soon expand the retail area by another 6,200 square meters and build a large cinema.

Scrabo Tower

Scrabo Tower is located west of Newtownards in County Down, Northern Ireland. It was built to perpetuate the memory of Charles Stuart, 3rd Marquess of Londonderry.

Charles Stuart, also known as Fighting Charlie, was one of the Duke of Wellington's generals during the Napoleonic Wars and is therefore an iconic figure for the people of Britain. The memorial tower was erected in 1857 according to the design of the English architect Charles Lanyon on the Scrabo Hill of the same name.

The tower is surrounded by a local park, and the path to it lies through a hazel grove. Architectural style The building is minimalistic and even austere to some extent - a spire-shaped structure made of dark gray stone, reminiscent of difficult times for Britain, in perfect harmony with the landscape of green hills and ancient boulders.

Now the Scrabo Tower is open to free visits, and tourists can not only touch the history, but also enjoy the stunning view, having climbed 122 steps. The untouched nature and color of the ancient Tower seem to transport visitors many years ago, making them forget about the bustle of big cities for a while.

Dungiven Castle

For a long time it was the family nest of the O'Kaan dynasty. Now no one knows why the construction of this castle took such a long time. It is only known that construction was completed in 1830. It is also known that from about 1950 to 1960, employees American army, for which a dance floor was organized right in the castle. After ten years of this abuse, Dungiven Castle fell into such disrepair that the local town council decided to demolish it, but under pressure from a local activist group was forced to abandon this decision, leasing it to Glenshane, who in turn secured funding reconstruction.

The renovated castle was reopened in 2001, and currently operates as a hotel. Celebrations and wedding ceremonies are also held here. The journey from Belfast to Dungiven Castle takes just under an hour.

Magee College

In 1984, the Protestant Theological College became part of the University of Ulster, and from that time it is customary to count the activities of the campus. Great assistance in the construction of the college was provided by the widow of a Protestant priest, Martha Magee, who, according to the last will of her deceased husband, handed over educational institution 20,000 pounds, earned through righteous labors, was quite a substantial sum for those times.

Situated just a few minutes' walk along the River Foyle on the edge of the city, the campus consists of a fairly eclectic mix of period buildings and modern buildings, much of which is dedicated to student accommodation. The main building, built back in 1865, is surrounded by a neatly trimmed lawn and presents a truly idyllic picture. Particular attention in educational program devoted to the study of Irish language and literature, social sciences, law, psychology, as well as computer science and astronomy.

Coleraine railway station

Coleraine railway station, located in County Londonderry, serves the residents of Coleraine, sharing a building and routes with the Ulsterbus bus depot. The station specializes in intracity and suburban flights.

Designed by English architect Charles Lanyon, Coleraine Railway Station opened on 4 December 1855. The River Bann is nearby and is crossed by a railway bridge from Coleraine station. There are hourly weekday trains to Great Victoria Street Station. During peak hours, that is, approximately from 7-00 to 10-00 and from 16-00 to 20-00, additional flights depart. In the opposite direction, trains depart alternately every hour to Portrush and Londonderry Waterside stations. On Sundays, when passenger flow subsides, Railway station Coleraine only operates seven trains.

The most popular attractions of Londonderry with descriptions and photographs for every taste. Choose best places for visiting famous places Londonderry on our website.

Londonderry from A to Z: map, hotels, attractions, restaurants, entertainment. Shopping, shops. Photos, videos and reviews about Londonderry.

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Northern Ireland's seaport and second largest city is Londonderry, or simply Derry as it is affectionately known. local residents(Londonderry) can boast of significant historical milestones that once took place here - the Siege of Derry and the Battle of Beauside. It also boasts wonderfully preserved 17th-century fortress walls, lively pubs and friendly locals. a real find an inquisitive tourist.

Visitor centers and post office

Derry Visitor & Convention Bureau is located at 44 Foyle Street. The Fáilte Ireland Visitor Center is also located there. And another one - City of Culture Office - is located on Waterloo Place.

Post offices are open from 09:00 to 17:30 on weekdays and from 09:00 to 12:30 on Saturdays. The Main Post Office is located on Custom House Street.

How to get there

Derry Airport is located 12 km east of the city along the A2 via Limavady. The airport has regular flights from Dublin and Glasgow, London, Liverpool and Nottingham. You can get there by bus number 143A, going to Limavady (travel time 30 minutes). A taxi to the airport will cost 15-20 GBP. Prices on the page are for April 2019.

Search for flights to Dublin (closest airport to Londonderry)

By bus

The Maiden City Flyer route 212 provides a regular service between Derry and Belfast (fares EUR 15, travel time 1 hour 45 minutes) and the Goldline Express route 271 connects Derry to Dublin (EUR 20, 4 hours). . Derry also has services from Omagh (1h 15m), Coleraine (1h), Portstewart and Portrush.

Lough Swilly offers transport to Buncrana, Carndona, Dungloe, Letterkeny (30-45 mins) and Greencastle in County Donegal (1 hour). Bus Éireann operates routes from Derry to Galway (5 hours 15 minutes), stopping through Letterkeny and Sligo.

Airporter has routes to Belfast International Airport (1h 30m) and George Best Belfast City Airport (2h). Buses depart every hour on weekdays and every 2 hours on weekends.

The bus station is located northeast of the Old Town.

The prefix “London-” appeared in the city back in the 17th century (by decree of the English King James I). Since then, the issue of the true name has remained a subject of debate between the freedom-loving Irish and the British. The first, understandably, simply prefer “Derry”.

On ferries

Lough Foyle Ferry operates ferry services between Magilligan in County Derry and Greencastle in County Donegal, and between Buncrana and Rathmullan.

Transport

Local carrier Ulsterbus Foyle serves Derry and surrounding areas on 13 different routes. Buses depart from a stop on Foyle St. An unlimited day pass on these routes costs GBP 2.30.

Bike hire is available from Bee's Cycles on Waterloo Street or from BM Cycles at 159 Clooney Road. There are car rental points at the airport - Avis, Europcar and Hertz, as well as in the city - Desmond Motors Ltd at 173 Strand Road.

Popular hotels in Londonderry

Weather in Londonderry

The warmest months are July-August, when the temperature rises to 17°C. The coldest are December-January with a temperature of 7°C.

Shopping

Most shops are concentrated in the city center. The two main shopping centers are Foyleside and Richmond. Shopping centers smaller ones - Quayside and Lisnagelvin - are located on the outskirts of the city.

Markets are open daily during the day at Guildhall Square and Union Hall Place. Another market, the Walled City Market, opens in Guildhall Square every first Saturday of the month.

Londonderry is also home to the world's oldest store, Austins, founded in 1830.

On Saturdays the city center is crowded with tourists, but on Sunday the influx subsides, and therefore many shops are closed.

Walking around Londonderry

Cuisine and restaurants

A restaurant where you can try traditional Irish cuisine and seafood - The Bayleaf - is located at 2 Clarendon Street. Another Irish restaurant, Halo Pantry & Grill, is located at 5 Market Street.

Entertainment and attractions Londonderry

Notable is the historic Derry's Guildhall, which hosts various events; St Columb's Cathedral, opened to parishioners in 1633; St. Eugene's Cathedral in neo-Gothic style and St. Augustine's Chapel.

Museums

The Tower Museum with an exhibition on the history of the city is located at Union Hall Place, the railway museum on Foyle Road, and the Harbor Museum at Harbor Square.

Events

Carnival on Halloween night - Banks of the Foyle Hallowe'en. In March, Derry welcomes the Big Tickle Comedy festival, in April - the City Of Derry Jazz And Big Band festival, and in November, Northern Ireland's largest film festival, Foyle Film.

The annual Instinct arts festival, the Celtronic electronic music festival, the Maiden City festival, and every summer Derry hosts the Tomo-Dachi anime festival.

Such a dual name itself already speaks of difficult history Derry. This pretty town, located on the hills in the Foyle River valley, suffered greatly from conflicts between Protestants and Catholics, especially during The Troubles. And until now, as I wrote before, relations between residents are tense. A sad example is the explosion that occurred during the recent official visit of Queen Elizabeth II to Derry (fortunately no one was injured), which became a kind of culmination of the riots and demonstrations that swept across Ireland in connection with these events. I must admit, I didn’t manage to take a long and thorough walk around this city and see a lot, but I will try to tell you more about Derry. And I compensate for the lack of photos with music :)

Derry/Londonderry is the second largest city in Northern Ireland after Belfast and the fourth largest on the island. In 2013, Derry will be the first city to be named a UK City of Culture. From Belfast the journey takes about two hours by bus. The River Foyle flows through the city, in the hills in the valley of which Derry is located.

Initially, the city was built on a hill on the western bank of the river, now this area is called Cityside, the eastern bank is Waterside, both parts of the city are connected by two bridges - Craigavon ​​Bridge and Foyle Bridge. About 110 thousand people live in the city and its surrounding suburbs; there is a seaport (Londonderry Port) and an airport (City of Derry Airport). Derry lies close to the border of County Donegal in the Republic of Ireland, with which the city has had strong ties for centuries.

The city's name, Derry, is an anglicization of the Irish Doire or Doire Cholmcille, meaning "oak grove of St. Columbus." However, the very first name of the place where the city now stands was the Irish Daire Calgaich - “oak grove of Calgach” (according to one version, Calgach is the Irish name of the ancient Caledonian leader Calgacus, who fought with his troops against the Romans under the leadership of Agricola and was defeated in the battle near the Graupian Mountains in 83).

In the VI century. A Christian monastery was founded here, it is believed that its founder was St. Columba, and the settlement received his name, the first mention of which in the Chronicles of Ulster dates back to 1121. At the time when the Vikings sailed to Ireland, the Derry monastery managed to avoid destruction. The settlement grew and flourished throughout the 12th-13th centuries, when the Mac Lochlainn dynasty ruled here, but with the death of this family, medieval Derry fell into decay. In the second half of the 16th century. The British attempted to conquer Ulster, the only part of the island not under their control. English troops first arrived in Derry in 1566, but the garrison lasted only a few years, then another garrison arrived in 1600 during a 9-year war with the O'Neil and O'Donnell clans. In 1604, the small trading settlement was granted its first royal charter by King James I and Derry received city status. However, already in 1608 the city was destroyed by Cahir O'Doherty, the chief of Inishowen. This period in the history of Great Britain is usually called the Plantation of Ulster - the colonization of the lands of Northern Ireland by Protestants - settlers from England and Scotland. In 1613, James I again granted Derry a royal charter and added the prefix “London” to the name, and the county of the same name was formed. Despite the fact that the city is better known as Derry, its official name remains Londonderry to this day.

In fact, disputes over the name of the city still do not subside: Republicans (Catholics) call it Derry, while Unionists (Protestants) call it Londonderry. In 1984, Catholics succeeded in getting the City Council to change its name from Londonderry City Counsel to Derry. Unionists saw this as a threat of a surge in anti-British sentiment among the population. In 1994, the airport was renamed from Londonderry Eglinton Airport to Derry City Airport. In 2006, there were attempts to have the city renamed Derry, but the Supreme Court of Northern Ireland ruled that the name of the city remains the same, as indicated in the royal charters of the 17th century. Despite this, debate on this issue has continued in recent years - it has been proposed, for example, to change the spelling to LondonDerry, or even rename the city to DoireLondonDerry. In general, while preference for one or another version of the name serves as a sign of which side of the barricades this or that person is on. It is not uncommon to see road signs with London in the name painted over, or even with the word Free added instead. The name Derry is often used in the press and by officials.

In 2007, the case of a tourist from Canada, who wanted to buy a ticket to Derry at the ticket office, was heatedly discussed, but the cashier told him that such a city did not exist. There was a fuss in the press and the bus company was forced to “sort things out” with its employee and apologize. And even now, when you are in Derry, you need to be careful with the name - the owner of some shop or cafe can easily send you out into the street if he hears that you are calling the city something he doesn’t like. Well, or a passerby may say something unpleasant about you. In general, the “safest” way so far is to call the city DerryLondonderry. The name of the city is also often written as L'derry or L-Derry. Irish comedian Dara O'Briain once performed in the city and joked from the stage: “Hello, my name is Dara or, if you prefer, you can call me Londondara.” Well, in slang Londonderry is often called Fat Lad, and Derry Fat Dad.

In the 17th century Rapid construction began in Derry. The city was carefully planned in accordance with all urban planning standards of that time, and various fortifications. At the time, Derry was the largest planned settlement in the British Isles. Derry is also notable for the fact that it was the last city in Ireland surrounded by stone walls, and these walls have been perfectly preserved to this day. The walls were erected in the period 1613-1619. and their total length is approximately 1.5 km. The width of the walls is on average 4 m, height 12 m. The 4 first city gates are also perfectly preserved. As far as I know, there are now tours along the top of the walls. Probably opening from the walls beautiful views to the city and surrounding areas.

Speaking of the gates of Derry, dedicated to all Irish dancers :)

My eye was also drawn to the frequently encountered images of the Derry coat of arms. Researchers have expressed different versions about the origin of this coat of arms. For example, it is believed that the castle means located nearby in the 14th century. Greencastle, owned by the Anglo-Norman ruler of Ulster, Richard de Burgh. The skeleton is “attributed” to the cousin of this same de Burgh, who died of starvation in 1332, imprisoned in one of the castle towers. The skeleton may also represent the executed Cahir O'Doherty. Catholics also call their own curious version - they say that the skeleton depicts a local poor man, tortured to death by bureaucratic delays during the time of discrimination against Catholics by Protestants.
The city's motto is “Vita, Veritas, Victoria” (Life, Truth, Victory).

Several ancient buildings remain inside the city walls. Among them, The Guildhall is the center of the city's political and cultural life. Representatives of local authorities meet here, and the Derry Feis is also held - competitions in various types of Irish traditional art.

In front of the Guildhall is a small (by our standards:) square, which is bordered on one side by the Tower Museum (I'll talk about it in the next post) and a shop with Polish delicacies (so the sign says:)

There is also such a funny fountain in the square - jets of water periodically shoot out from under the ground. I was touched by this dog, which specifically jumped on the slabs from where the jets were coming out, they knocked her down - well, in general, the animal was frolicking with all its might :)

The spire of the Catholic Cathedral St Eugene's Cathedral (work on its construction lasted from 1849 to 1873)

In the center is the spire of another cathedral, but an Anglican one (more precisely, it belongs to the Church of Ireland). St Columb's Cathedral was built in 1633 and is the oldest building in Derry.

Interesting museums in Derry include, for example, the Amelia Earhart Center And Wildlife Sanctuary, located on the very spot where this legendary woman landed on May 21, 1932, after her first solo flight across the Atlantic. For those interested in vintage trains and locomotives, the Foyle Valley Railway Center may be of interest. You can also visit the Apprentice Boys Memorial Hall (I’ll tell you about these apprentice boys and their roles in the history of Derry later), and numerous monuments and graffiti dedicated to the conflict between Protestants and Catholics.

(Londonderry) - Ch. the city of the Irish county of the same name, on the river. File; part of the city is surrounded by a wall. Interesting buildings include the cathedral, the court, the stock exchange, the prison, the corporation hall, and the File College. Doric column with statue of St. George Walker, former governor the city during its 105-day siege in 1689 by the troops of James II. Many schools. Flax spinning and weaving factories, steam mills, manager. distilleries, breweries, coopers and rope houses. Significant salmon fishing in the river and lake; the harbor is built according to the latest designs; proper steamship connections with Liverpool, Glasgow, etc. The port of L. for ocean-going ships is located in Moville, on Lake. File, about 30 km below the town of L. Zhit. 32893 (1891).

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