Where is the longest railway in the world located? The longest railways in the world

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Railways are the main transport network that encircle the entire Russian Federation. They run from sparsely populated areas to the largest metropolitan areas, connecting all regions of the country.

Railways are the main transport network that surrounds the entire Russian Federation. They run from sparsely populated areas to the largest metropolitan areas, connecting all regions of the country. Railway tracks on the territory of our state have a total length of 121 thousand km and are located in picturesque areas. Below is a rating of the 5 longest railways in Russia.

The Trans-Siberian Railway is a global giant among the railways of the whole world!

The first place is rightfully occupied by the Trans-Siberian Railway (Transsib) with a total length of 9288.2 km. The legendary road, opened in 1916, rightfully takes first place not only in the Russian Federation, but also in the world. It runs through Eurasia and connects the Central and Far Eastern regions. Travel time from the starting station in Moscow to the final destination in Vladivostok is approximately 167 hours or about 7 days. The train will make 120 stops during the journey.

A unique tourist week-long tour awaits all passengers of the train moving along the Trans-Siberian. The main thing is that the path along this route will open up for travelers Beautiful places not only new cities, but also natural nature, untouched by civilization. In addition, moving along this route, passengers cross 11 time zones.

The Far Eastern Railway is the leading direction in the territory of the Russian Federation

The second place in terms of its length is occupied by the Far Eastern Railway. The length of the operated track is 6826.2 km. Today, the transport route runs through the Khabarovsk and Primorsky Territories, the Republic of Sakha, the Sakhalin, Amur and Jewish Autonomous Regions. On this moment the head office of this railway is located in Khabarovsk. 416 stations and 3 border crossings await passengers along the entire route.

For tourists, this path is of particular importance: it passes through permafrost zones, national reserves. In addition, passengers can be sure that they will travel in comfortable and warm carriages of modern trains.

Gorky railway is one of the largest railway routes in the country

The top three included the Gorky Railway. It was formed in 1936 and has a length of 5296 km. This route consists of two parallel latitudinal directions: Moscow - Kirov and Moscow - Yekaterinburg.

The peculiarity of this railway is constant modernization. Thanks to this, in 2010 the Sapsan high-speed electric train was launched, which was able to deliver passengers much faster. For example, the way from Moscow to Nizhny Novgorod began to be 3.5 hours, which is a guarantee of fast transfers during the trip.

52.7 million passengers use the Gorky railway every year. Travelers are attracted by this railway route the infrastructure of cities and their attractions, as well as dense forests, steppes and a number of other unique landscapes.

The Baikal-Amur Mainline (BAM) is one of the most significant transport arteries in Russia

The fourth place clearly belongs to the Baikal-Amur Railway with a total length of 4,324 km. The construction of this railway track lasted from 1938 to 1984. Its path passes through 11 major rivers Russia and 7 mountain ranges.

Such a long construction period is justified by the geography of the highway and the complexity of the project. It was required to additionally build 2230 bridges of various sizes, break through 8 tunnels. In addition, it became necessary to organize 200 railway stations in more than 60 major cities and sparsely populated areas.

Tourists choose this road largely because of the proximity to Lake Baikal - a basin in which 1/3 fresh water on the ground. One of the sights that all passengers of trains on this route will encounter is the Severo-Muysky Tunnel. It is considered the largest in Russia.

East Siberian Railway - a picturesque way of Russia

The rating is closed by the East Siberian Railway with a length of 3876 km. The peculiarity of this route is that it is part of the Trans-Siberian Railway. It also includes the Baikal-Amur Railway.

For travelers, it will become one of the most interesting routes, which can introduce train passengers to the unique geographical landscapes of Buryatia, the Amur and Chita regions. Transbaikal national reserve in Buryatia is a special place for every tourist, able to conquer not only beauty untouched nature but also its fauna.

On the territory of the Chita region, there is the Ivano-Arakhleysky reserve, in which the natural ecosystem has been preserved. The Amur region is rich in unique natural attractions. On its territory there are reserves where the rarest animals of the world live.

The longest railway in Russia

The giant road began to be laid in 1891. In those years, it was called the Great Siberian Way. Despite the fact that construction has been carried out since the nineteenth century, this road has been modernized and quite modern.

Its length is almost nine thousand three hundred kilometers. The path passes through the capital of Russia, through Perm, Yaroslavl, Omsk, Krasnoyarsk, Vladivostok, Yekaterinburg and other large industrial cities. Stretching across the Far East and Eastern Siberia, this record-breaking railway pierces the largest exits to Asia. Connecting Asia and Europe, for the most part it passes through Asia.

The fastest train of the Trans-Siberian Railway is Rossiya. His route is Moscow-Vladivostok. The train delivers passengers from one destination to another in just over six days.

I must say that Russia is only inferior to America in length railway tracks, being in second place in the world. The length of Russian networks is eighty-five thousand kilometers three hundred meters.

The longest railroad in the USA

The opening took place in 1869. It took the locomotive almost eighty-four hours to cover the journey from San Francisco to New York. This significant railroad connected ports located on two oceans and became the impetus for the development of the US economy. By the end of the nineteenth century, three more transcontinental railways appeared on the continent, today there are seven of them.

Thanks to the growing popularity of railroads and their active construction, America has become the world leader in the length of the railroad network (254 thousand miles). Now there is a trend towards a significant reduction.

In 2001, the two roads were merged in order to improve their economic situation and competitiveness. Thus was formed the longest system in the United States, which included fifty-four thousand kilometers of one road and fifty-three thousand kilometers of another.

The longest railway in Latin America

Railroad tracks are located throughout Latin America very uneven. A country like Argentina is in first place among the countries of its continent in terms of passenger traffic. The length of the railways of this country is thirty-two thousand kilometers.

Not to mention Brazil and Mexico. Countries on their continent occupy a leading position in terms of size freight traffic rail transport. The length of the railways in Mexico is twenty-one thousand kilometers, and in Brazil - thirty thousand kilometers.

China recently signed an agreement with Brazil to build a transatlantic railroad that will connect the country's midwest to the Pacific Ocean. This road, passing through Bolivia and Peru, will enable all Latin American countries to trade directly with China.

The longest railway in minecraft

We know about cable cars, highways, railway lines and so on. Each of them has its own champion - there are the straightest, longest, fastest roads.

The longest cable car

The highest and longest cable car in the world started operating in 2010 in Armenia. Its length is five kilometers seven hundred meters. The construction was carried out by the Swiss company Garaventa. The cost of construction amounted to thirteen million euros. It leads to the monastery of Tatev. Between the two stations, three pillars were built: one above the village of Halidzor, the second near the Tatev Monastery. The cabin of the cable car can accommodate up to twenty-five people and can accelerate up to thirty-seven kilometers per hour. The cable car in Armenia has the lyrical name Wings of Tatev Tatev Monastery is one of the brightest monuments of medieval architecture in Armenia. The construction of the cable car was of great importance for the country. The fact is that before the appearance of the cable car, it was not easy to get into the monastery complex, since the road leading to it was impassable. Now to overcome all the way along cable car, you only need to spend eleven minutes.

The longest road in Russia

The longest railway in Russia is the Trans-Siberian Railway. Its construction began in 1891. The length is nine thousand two hundred and eighty eight kilometers. It stretched across the entire Eurasian continent. Its second name is the Great Siberian Way. The Trans-Siberian Railway is the longest road in Russia. Its length is more than 9 thousand km.

Among the world's roads, the longest was built in Russia.

We are talking about the Amur federal highway, which connects the center of Russia with Far East. The history of the M58 Chita-Khabarovsk highway has more than one decade. It was built in parts. The idea of ​​the Moscow tract, which would run parallel to the Trans-Siberian Railway, was first born in 1905. Military road builders began construction only in 1978. The road had to pass through the impenetrable taiga. Fifteen years later, only six hundred kilometers of the route were built, not best quality. The road from Khabarovsk to Chita took five days. Only at the end of the twentieth century, the question of completing the construction of the Amur highway again arose. Khabarovsk-Chita is the last constructed section of the longest highway. Thanks to the Federal Target Program, the construction of the road continued. Now there is through traffic between Vladivostok and Moscow. The length of the Amur highway is two thousand ninety-seven kilometers. It has almost two thousand artificial structures and two hundred and eighty bridges.

The longest railway

The longest railroad is located in Russia and is called the Trans-Siberian Railway. It stretched for nine thousand two hundred and eighty eight kilometers across the whole of Eurasia, passing through all the major outlets to Europe and Asia, capturing port cities. Pacific Ocean. About a hundred million tons are transported along this highway every year. The beginning of the Trans-Siberian Railway is considered the Yaroslavsky railway station in Moscow, and its end is the Vladivostok railway station in the Golden Horn Bay (Sea of ​​Japan).

The longest high-speed railway is in China.

In 2012, the longest high-speed railway began to operate in China. The length of the branch was two thousand two hundred kilometers. It stretches from Guangzhou to Beijing. Trains move along it at a speed of three hundred kilometers per hour and overcome the entire path in just eight hours. During the journey, the train makes thirty-five stops. By comparison, the journey from Guangzhou to Beijing used to take twenty-two hours. Up to 200,000 people travel along this road every day. In terms of the length of high-speed railways, China occupies a leading position. On long stretch expressway trains travel at a speed of 300 km/h. There is another longest railway - a toy plastic one. It was built in Shanghai. The longest plastic track is two kilometers eight hundred and eighty eight meters long and consists of almost fourteen thousand sections. Thomas the Tank Engine was launched along this toy railroad. The previous record for the longest plastic railroad was held by Japan, but the length of the last track was twenty percent less.

The longest straight road in the world

The straightest, most boring and longest road in the world is the Eyre Highway. There is nothing on the sides of the road to catch your eye, there are no picturesque landscapes, no villages, no cities, no natural water, no motels, that is, absolutely nothing even a little interesting. The longest straight road in the world is in Australia. The length of this straight highway is one thousand two hundred kilometers. It stretches along the Nullabor valley from Norseman to Siduna. This high-quality good road can be driven by any car. Some variety in this trip can be made by large wild animals, sometimes going out at dusk to take a walk along the highway.

The longest direct railway in Russia - Moscow-St. Petersburg

TASS-DOSIER. 180 years ago, on November 11 (October 30, old style), 1837, the first public railway in Russia was opened.

It connected St. Petersburg and Tsarskoye Selo.

The editors of TASS-DOSIER have prepared a note on the history of Russian railways.

In Tsarist Russia

Ideas for creating railways in Russian Empire began to appear as early as the 1820s, shortly after the launch of the first line in England. Proposals were put forward to build the first railway from St. Petersburg to Moscow, Tver or Rybinsk. However, all these projects were met with distrust from the government due to the high cost, and also because of the uncertainty about the reliability of the railway in the conditions of the Russian winter.

The beginning of testing of the first Russian steam locomotive in August 1834 is considered the birthday of the Russian railway industry. It was built by mechanics and inventors Efim Alekseevich Cherepanov (1774-1842) and his son Miron Efimovich (1803-1849) to transport ore at the Vyisky plant in Nizhny Tagil. The steam engine, called the "land steamer", could carry more than 200 pounds of weight (about 3.2 tons) at a speed of 12-15 miles per hour (13-17 km / h).

The first public passenger railway in Russia, Tsarskoselskaya, was opened in 1837 and connected St. Tsarskoye Selo, locomotives for her were ordered in England.

In 1840, traffic was opened along the second railway on the territory of the Russian Empire: a line from Warsaw to Skierniewice was built with the money of Polish bankers. In 1848, it merged with the Krakow-Upper Silesian Railway (Austria) and became known as the Warsaw-Vienna Railway (total length with the Austrian section is 799 km).

On February 1, 1842, Emperor Nicholas I signed a decree on the construction of the St. Petersburg - Moscow railway with a length of 650 km. On November 13, 1851, its official opening took place. Exactly at 11:15 a.m. The first passenger train departed from St. Petersburg to Moscow, which stayed on the way for 21 hours and 45 minutes. The first time between St. Petersburg and Moscow ran two passenger and four freight trains. During the construction of the line, a gauge of 1,524 mm (5 feet) was chosen - later it became the standard on Russian railways (since the 1980s, railways in the USSR were switched to a compatible gauge of 1,520 mm).

From 1865 to 2004, the Ministry of Railways (in 1917-1946 - the People's Commissariat) of Railways (MPS, NKPS) was in charge of the railways in the country.

March 17, 1891 Emperor Alexander III instructed his son Nikolai Alekseevich, the future Emperor Nicholas II, "to start building a continuous railway through the whole of Siberia, with the aim of connecting the abundant natural gifts of the Siberian regions with a network of internal rail communications." The solemn ceremony of the beginning of the construction of the road took place on May 31, 1891 near Vladivostok. The construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway was completed on October 18 (October 5, old style), 1916, with the commissioning of a three-kilometer bridge across the Amur near Khabarovsk.

Even before the completion of construction, the Trans-Siberian Railway gave impetus to the development of Siberia; in 1906-1914, more than 3 million people moved to the eastern regions with its help. As of 2017, the Trans-Siberian is the longest railway in the world (9,288.2 km).

By 1916, the framework of the modern railway system of Russia was formed: all the main radii of the railways of Moscow and St. Petersburg were built, in 1908 traffic was launched along the ring railway in Moscow (now the Moscow Central Ring, MCC). The total length of railways, including access roads, exceeded 80,000 km.

IN THE USSR

As a result of World War I and civil wars more than 60% of the railway network was destroyed, up to 90% of the rolling stock was lost. Transportation was restored to the level of 1913 only in 1928.

In the 1920s, the electrification of Soviet railways began. The first electric train was launched on May 13, 1926 on the territory of modern Azerbaijan along the commuter route between Baku and Sabunchi. On October 1, 1929, electric trains connected Moscow and Mytishchi. In 1932, the first electric locomotives were built in the USSR. The construction of a new type of railway for the country also began: on May 15, 1935, the Moscow Metro began to work. Before the collapse of the USSR, he and other subways were subordinate to the People's Commissariat / Ministry of Railways.

The railroads played essential role during the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945: 20 million wagons were transported for the needs of the front, civilians and entire factories were evacuated through them, and the wounded were transported. The railway continued to operate despite the fact that Nazi aircraft dropped 44% of all bombs destined for the USSR on its facilities.

In 1956, the last steam locomotive, P36-0251, was produced in the USSR. By 1980 the railroads Soviet Union were finally transferred to heat and electric traction.

In the 1960s-1980s, railways were especially actively built to the deposits of natural resources in Siberia. In 1984, traffic was opened along the Baikal-Amur Mainline.

In 1984, regular operation of the first high-speed electric train, the ER200, began in the USSR. It ran between Moscow and Leningrad, the speed reached 200 km/h. Travel time was 4 hours 50 minutes, but subsequently reduced to 3 hours 55 minutes.

Russian Railways

In 2001, the reform of railway transport was launched in Russia. As part of it, the Ministry of Railways was liquidated, its economic functions were transferred to Russian Railways OJSC (RZD).

In 2007, as part of the industry reform, freight operators were separated from Russian Railways, including the First Freight Company (privatized in 2011-2012). The largest part passenger traffic on long-distance trains since 2010 has been carried out by the subsidiary Federal Passenger Company. Russian Railways has various stakes in commuter transportation operators and a number of other organizations in the industry.

On December 17, 2009, a new high-speed train - Siemens Velaro Rus ("Sapsan") - set off on the first commercial flight with passengers between Moscow and St. Petersburg. The minimum travel time for trips is 3 hours 35 minutes. JSC "Russian Railways" operates 20 ten-car "Sapsan" ( maximum speed- 250 km / h) and more than 60 electric locomotives EP20 and ChS200, developing speeds up to 200 km / h. The joint company of Russian Railways and Finnish Railways (VR Group) - Karelian Trains - owns four high-speed trains of the Pendolino type ("Allegro", maximum speed 220 km/h).

Since 2013, Russian Railways has been operating Siemens Desiro Rus (Lastochka) electric trains manufactured in Germany and Russia, with a maximum speed of 160 km/h. They are also used on the MCC (passenger traffic on the Moscow Railway Ring was resumed after an 80-year break in 2016).

Statistics

According to Rosstat, the operating length of public railways in Russia as of 2016 was 86,363.7 km, of which about 44,000 km were electrified. In addition, about 60 thousand km of factory and service tracks adjoin the public network. At the end of 2016, Russian rail transport transported 1 billion 325 million tons of cargo (4 million tons less than a year earlier). Passenger transportation grew from 1 billion 26 million people to 1 billion 40 million people in 2016.

In total, about 1 million people are employed in railway transport, of which 774 thousand are employed by Russian Railways. The average salary in Russian Railways, according to the company's annual report for 2016, is 46,852 rubles.

Regular high-speed traffic (over 200 km/h) has been established on the Moscow-St. Petersburg line (645 km).

Among the main development projects is the expansion bandwidth the Trans-Siberian and Baikal-Amur Mainlines, the development of the Moscow railway hub, including the MCC passenger traffic opened in 2016, the development of high-speed communication, the railway infrastructure of Siberia and the Far East.

In August 2017, traffic was opened on the railway line between Zhuravka (Voronezh region) and Millerovo (Rostov region) on the Moscow-Adler highway, bypassing the territory of Ukraine.