Examples of high-flown phrases. Abstruse phrases. Philosophical phrases. Interesting phrases. Dance from the stove

What is 美化語 (bikago)? What is the difference between 美化語 (bikago) and 敬語　(keigo) and 丁寧語（ていねいご）? Why do the Japanese use 美化語 in their speech (or not)? These and other questions will be addressed in today's post.

Women try to use 美化語, adding お・ご to the most everyday words. When combined with keigo, you get something like:

ご飯をお食べにならないほうがよろしいと思いますわ(ごはんをおたべにならないほうがよろしいとおもいますわ) – I think it’s better for you not to eat this rice.

How is 美化語 formed? Basic principles

As is known, according to classical rules grammar and word construction, polite versions of words of Japanese origin are appended with the prefix お, and words of Chinese origin are appended with the prefix ご、which is not added to words ending with お-. み-, おみ-, and also おんみ-.

Basic principles. List of commonly used words of Japanese origin

お酒(おさけ) - sake, sake
お体 (おからだ） － body (including in the context of the state of the body, health)
お顔 (おかお) – face (including in the context of reputation)
お天気 (おてんき） － weather
お菓子 (おかし） - sweets
お茶碗(おちゃわん) - cup
お食事(おしょくじ） － meal
お名前 (おなまえ） － name (in translation according to the 美化語 system, one would like to use “how to call you”, instead of “what is your name”)
お料理　（おりょうり） － dishes
お飲み物 (おのみもの） - beverages
お店 (おみせ） － establishment
お庭 (おにわ） － garden, park

Basic principles. List of frequently used words of Chinese origin

ご飯 (ごはん） － boiled rice, food
ご気分(ごきぶん） －well-being
ご希望 (ごきぼう） － wishes
ご機嫌 (ごきげん） －state of health, mood
ご挨拶 (ごあいさつ） - greetings
ご連絡 (ごれんらく） －contact, contacting, communication
ご理解 (ごりかい） － understanding (including “get into position”)
ご参加 (ごさんか） - participation
ご結婚 (ごけっこん） － marriage
ご祝儀 (ごしゅうぎ） －celebratory ceremony

However, there is a list of words where the presence of お・ご (or absence, depending on which end you look at) greatly changes the context of use.

めし (rice, food, and even in the slang “food”)　⇒ ごはん (meal, rice, meal)

汁　 （しる can be both juice and broth)　⇒ おつゆ (お汁 、more soup, broth)

水 (みず just water)　　⇒ おひや (お冷 cold water, cold water)

便所 (べんじょ toilet, latrine)　⇒ お手洗い (おてあらい ー “hand washing place”, “toilet”)

うまい (delicious, 　often 旨い and used in simple colloquial speech)⇒ おいしい (美味しい 、 often used in more polite speech, “delicious”)

腹　 (はら、 belly, 腹減った– want to eat or even eat)　⇒ おなか (お腹 – belly, insides. お腹が空きました- I want to eat or even feel hungry. Much more polite style)

It is also worth expanding this list, where it is not just the context that changes, but the meaning of the word in general:

八つ (eight) -> お八つ（おやつ）, afternoon tea

主人 (しゅじん、 master, master) – >　ご主人（ごしゅじん、 husband)

家族 (かぞく just family, including mine) -> ご家族（ごかぞく your family is respectful, or the family of someone whom the speaker treats with respect)

釣り (つり、 fishing) -> お釣り（おつり、 change, small coins)

Incorrect 美化語

All that remains is to talk about the so-called incorrect 美化語、 without mentioning which, not a single publication about embellishing words can do.

For example, オズボン、お勉強、were already mentioned above, also from one of the links given in this publication you can find that sake can be either お酒 or ご酒 (so don’t be alarmed if you ever hear this from the native of the Country of Origin of the Sun).

おトイレ – toilet
おコーヒー – coffee
おビール – beer
おタバコ – cigarettes, tobacco
おソース – sauce
おテーブル – table

おズボン was already mentioned at the very beginning. Such words are completely incorrect from a lexical point of view. However, they exist and you should not be alarmed if you suddenly hear:

お茶とおコーヒー、どちらになさいますか？ – Would you like coffee or tea? What do we choose? (バイト敬語、baitokeigo based on bikago)

Yes, yes, if you noted to yourself that one way or another the words foreign origin, which お・ご is not known to join, are associated with service, shopping and dining environments. Accordingly, we are again faced with the theory of buttering up the client and adding sophistication to one’s speech through the use of お・ご、 even where it is not entirely correct grammatically. That is why the words were highlighted in red, because their use does not correspond to correct word formation.

However! Such incorrect words can also be pronounced with irony and malice. For example, 、お注射いかが？ – Prick? (if you are not in the center of aesthetic cosmetology, where they use the wrong keigo-bikago when dealing with a client, then this phrase is full of malice, even despite a set of polite words).

At the end of the publication, several important facts should be noted.

• 美化語, despite the fact that they originated from a feminine language, are not necessarily used by women. When communicating with clients, where バイト敬語 is used, you can at least hear 美化語 from men
• 美化語 – not necessarily always the incorrect use of words, this was already mentioned above (when lists of words formed in the correct way were given)
• There are 美化語、 without which you simply cannot do in formal and polite communication. This means that this completely excludes the myth mentioned above. Mandatory 美化語、, for example, include お茶, ご飯、 お化け、 お世辞、お腹（おなか）

One of the sources used for this publication.

This publication was compiled from many sources + what was overheard during lectures in Japanese class. When copying, a link to this publication is required!

If you found this publication useful, please share it on Social Network.

A selection of funny, ornate quotes:

• I decided to live forever! So far everything is going well...
• I can resist everything except temptation...
• “The Lord God is subtle, but not malicious” - a quote that hung in a frame in Albert Einstein’s home

• Aunts and uncles walk down the street, the uncles are good, the aunts are all b….
• In every new drinking session you need to discover something new.
• The expression “pleasant to the eye” was invented by the Cyclops.
• The plane crew ran out of fuel... They had to fly sober...
• Money comes and goes and goes and goes...
• Why didn’t we finish the vodka? Bad omen!
• If you drive more quietly, you don’t owe it to anyone. (said by the traffic cop)
• If the enemy doesn't surrender, they reboot!
• Tired vampires sleep, witches sleep. In the swamps, evil monsters are waiting for the guys...
• I wish you good luck and a dacha by the sea!
• Death in itself is not scary - what’s scary is that it’s already forever.
• A woman is like a bus - it’s easier to wait for the next one than to run after it.
• Complex problems always have simple, easy-to-understand wrong solutions.
• Life is a book, and the Army is 2 pages torn out at the most interesting place.
• The strength of women is beauty, just as strength is the beauty of men.
• Living is hard... And living well is even harder
• Don’t look down the barrel of a loaded tank...
• One born to crawl does not fly for long...
• What roof doesn't like driving fast?
• Of course, happiness does not depend on the amount of money. But it's better to cry in a limousine than on a bus.
• Electronically tested.
• Fair wind! (May it blow you in the back of the head...)
• He who does not take risks does not fall into the abyss!
• We will always make it under a lying stone...
• I’ll buy a used overlocker, inexpensive, maybe faulty. At least I know what it is.
• Announcement: “I’m trading Agent Mulder’s skin for three Pentium-4s.” Aliens.
• It’s better to do it and regret it than to regret not doing it.
• Loneliness is when you have E-mail, but only the mailing server sends letters!
• Announcement at the entrance to the tavern: “Admission is free. The way out is violent.”
• The rockets slowly float into the distance, you can’t expect to meet them anymore...
• Oh God, give me the source code of the Universe!
• I earn a lot, but receive little.
• Things are never as good with money as they are bad without them.

• From the Podium to the panel is one step, but in the opposite direction there is a whole abyss
• Smoking is harmful, drinking is disgusting, and it is a pity to die healthy.
• Pessimist studies Chinese, the optimist is English, and the realist is a Kalashnikov assault rifle.
• Whoever is capable of waking up a sleeping person is capable of any meanness.
• Monday is a terrible way to spend one-seventh of your life.
• Anyone who doesn't work is broken.
• Reset is not a button, but a bitter necessity.
• Why are Gates' books published in two volumes? - The second volume is a patch to the first...
• A crutch is not a luxury, but a means of transportation.
• Work is not a wolf, but the product of force and displacement.
• When you drink, you need to know when to stop. Otherwise, you can drink less.
• The queen gave birth on the wrong night...
• Why did you spend money on gifts? It would be better if you didn’t come yourself.
• Meat salad “Sapper’s Error”
• It's good to live, but you have to die.
• I’m sitting, staring at the monitor, with an ax sticking into my back...
• We will live badly, but not for long.
• How much Len, how much Zin!!!
• Life is like a telegram, short and full of errors!
• A noise and a terrible whistle are heard, the Whist computer is loading!
• If your wife doesn’t talk to you in the morning, it means the drinking session was a success!
• Dance of a hungry cannibal from the Tura-Bura tribe, who was wounded by his brothers on the plate
• Children are the flowers of life, and old people are the cacti of death...
• When you came here, didn’t you see the sign “Warehouse of Dead Negroes” at the entrance?
• Even the best sock has at least one hole.
• Our mortality rate is the same as everyone else’s: one person - one death, sooner or later...
• It's good that I'm a man! Otherwise my stubble would prick me...
• There comes a time in every man’s life when it’s easier to buy clean socks.
• I will drive for a long time... end of quote!
• If a person truly wants to live, then medicine is powerless.
• I came to you with greetings, to tell you that the sun has set. That the moon and all the planets... were taken for the same reason.

Ornate phrases and intricate quotes, funny sayings...

Grandiosity as a personality quality is a tendency to express one’s thoughts and feelings in a deliberately elegant, high-pitched style.

Wonderful. virtuoso pianist Anton Rubinstein once gave a concert in the mansion of Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna, a relative of Tsar Nicholas I. After the concert, the noble hostess began a boring, stilted conversation with the musician. “Dear Mr. Rubinstein,” she said, “do others rightly claim that one must be born a pianist?” “It’s true, your highness,” Rubinstein replied. – It is impossible to play the piano without being born!

Eloquence exalts the high and disdains the low. She will floridly, pompously and flowerily whitewash any of her indecency with curly phrases and eloquent justifications. If she happens to be teased, she will always find justifying arguments for her chastity and nobility. Lush, stilted pomposity will lie - it will take it inexpensively, but only with absolute conviction of its infallibility. Banal adultery in her mouth will appear as a fatal inevitability and inevitability of fate, life bankruptcy - as an unfavorable combination of cruel circumstances.

What the pompous person fears most is being at the bottom. WITH high altitude it's hard to fall. Therefore, most of all, she is afraid of “dropping herself.” To drop is almost to die or, as people say, “to play in the box”, “to give up the oak”, “to throw away the skates”, “to glue the fins together”. In Pushkin’s times they said: “He forced himself to be respected.” Such rude expressions take the breath away from the pompousness. Only ignorant people can bend over, grunt, die, die, throw off their hooves, stretch out their legs. Grandiosity can only come to an untimely end. When indecent people eat, pomp tastes and tastes. To a simple question: “Will you have some tea?”, she answers in all seriousness: “Yes, I would have a cup, if that, of course, doesn’t bother you.” When the “cattle” sleeps, she is in the kingdom of Morpheus, deigns to rest, indulges in sleep and relaxation. Pompousness will not shout into the telephone receiver: “Alla! Who is this?". She will say: “Who needed me? I will listen to you." To an unwanted question she will answer: “What sadness do you have, sir?” In an argument, she will dramatically say: “Darling, don’t bother looking for profanities.” To the words: “Baran, you will answer for the market,” the pomposity will say: “I am beyond the reach of your daring arguments and deductions,” “You’re just a routinist, my dear!” “Your words, dear, are burlesque clean water. Just like you, you are an accident of our time.”

Pompousness in a high syllable expresses his impressions of the entire palette of colors outside world. When everyone is watching, she looks, listens, experiences pleasure, shows favor, gives admiration, feels the excitement of the soul and the trembling of the body. For any reason and for no reason, grandiloquence is expressed in “lofty calm.” They say about her “she won’t utter a word in simplicity.” There is no tool more favored by demagogues, populists and pompous speakers than pomposity.

O. Henry wrote a wonderful story, “Theory and Practice,” in which a magazine editor and a poor writer argue with each other about what is artistic truth and what is grandiloquence. They did not agree with each other on only one thing: how people would behave during a “real human tragedy.” For example, in the first pompous version: “... ...when the black-mustachioed hero kidnaps the golden-haired Bessie, the mother comes to the forefront, falls to her knees and, raising her hands to the sky, exclaims: “Let the Almighty be witness that I will not rest until the heartless the villain who kidnapped my child will not experience the full force of maternal vengeance!” This was the author's position. The editor insisted on the following version: “...she would say: “What! Bessie was taken away by someone unknown man? My God, what a misfortune! One after another! Give me your hat quickly, I need to go to the police immediately. And why was no one watching her, I would like to know? For God's sake, don't get in the way, get out of the way, or I'll never get my act together. Not this hat, brown with a velvet ribbon. Bessie must have gone crazy! She was always so shy of strangers! Am I too powdered? Oh my god! I’m just not myself!” Whoever likes it, but in the first version there is a lot of acting, affectation and theatricality. There is nothing reprehensible in “high calm”, if not for the falseness, the hackneyed phrases and the cloying words. The address “Dear friends!” is often perceived as mockery. As a result, a person who expresses himself in a pompous manner achieves completely reverse effect expected.

The bombast is permeated with insincerity and lack of truthfulness. Glamorized and embellished, it masks the true essence of a person who is preoccupied with the desire to demonstrate his superiority over others. She avoids the essence of the issue, hiding the emptiness behind flowery phrases.

The poet Yevgeny Yevtushenko wrote about grandiloquence: “Pompousness is a low syllable. I suspect her apostles that, having reduced suffering to words, they, forgetting about hell, were mired in paradise. It’s not a shame to fall to your mother, crying, poking your swollen lips into your dress, but, like a hired mourner, passion humiliates the poet with “poetry.” Grandiloquence is sleight of hand... In Sukhumi I heard the howl of a mourner. She, tearing up as if at a Sulguni feast, skillfully banged her head on the coffin. She pompously fanned her false, complex cry like a black fire and professionally tore her face apart like a violinist. Covered in warts, a fat old woman, she, swinging her belly in midair, suddenly dropped the clips with a red-gray earlobe at the feet of a dead man. But the power of craft came to the rescue. With the emergence of a lowly task, the pomp of the well-paid lament even increased. And, without disrupting the ceremony, the old woman dived headfirst into the flowers and, right hand With a whistle, tearing out hairs from the warts, she rummaged with her left hand, sobbing, for the deceased’s trousers and socks. A strong man could not tear it off - it grew into the coffin - fitfully and stickily. It seemed to everyone that there was a great cry. And this was the search for the clip.”

Peter Kovalev

How often does a person say something truly smart and valuable? Certainly much less often than any stupid phrases. But, as the Bible tells us, in the beginning was the Word. It is this that allows us to reveal our thoughts as much as possible and convey them to others.

Beautiful phrases that carry within them, as a rule, appear in the heads of smart and great people. It is customary to quote them and call them aphorisms. Let's take a look at the selection best quotes on a variety of topics.

Folk wisdom of Europe

We do not always know exactly the author of any aphorism. They may be “from the people.” So, a simple man once expressed a thought in a conversation - and here is a ready-made quote, already going to the people. Abstruse phrases were not included in such a set of words. People preferred something simple and concise that could be quickly picked up as a compelling argument or reinforcement of their opinion.

This is how proverbs and sayings appeared in the world. They are an important part of folklore. In fact, the entire mentality of the author’s people is visible in them. There are Russian phrases that have sunk into the soul and are very often repeated in the daily lexicon.

The European tradition of proverbs and sayings is very similar to ours in meaning and content. How can this be explained? Of course, by our extremely connected historical past and common monotheistic religion. If you wish, you can easily find analogues of Russian morality within the folklore of other European peoples.

As can be seen from comparative table, the meaning of the listed clever phrases is the same, despite the fact that they are present in the lexical use of the peoples of different countries.

Folk wisdom of other countries

When colliding with cultural heritage people from other continents reveal an equally enormous source of wisdom. These abstruse phrases carry a lot of information, convey the meaning of these people’s lives, their history and allow us to better understand their mentality.

For example, residents of Europe and Russia know very well that a real man doesn't cry. A true husband should not express his emotions in public, especially such as grief and disappointment. Yes, and you shouldn’t “dismiss the nagging” on your own; you just need to take it and do the job. However, the Indians from North America because of this they look at us with a grin:

• “A strong man cries, a weak man does not.”
• “The weak are afraid of their feelings.”
• “The soul has no rainbow if there are no tears in the eyes.”

This is how this people who have always lived among wildlife and did not know enlightenment, treated manifestations of emotions as a natural need of any being. Maybe we should listen to these wise phrases expressed by representatives of the indigenous population of America?

Using the example of the deep thought of the Chinese, one can understand how differently we see, know and feel the world. Often the philosophical phrases of the people of the Celestial Empire are so different from what we are accustomed to consider as wisdom that one wonders how it is possible to feel the same land so differently?

This is how the Chinese speak about the importance of a person, his “I”, which, according to the philosophy of Tao, does not exist at all:

• “If you are there, nothing has been added; if you are not there, nothing has been lost.”

For Europeans and Russians, this sounds not only incomprehensible, but sad and depressing.

Besides, great importance for the inhabitants of the Celestial Empire is a search for peace. For them, he is the secret goal to which a person must strive in order to become one with nature. That is why interesting phrases of this country are closely related to the description of trees and flowers. They often use references to spring.

The Chinese place great importance on harmony and unity. The whole world in their view is just an echo of the Tao River, which flows in some other dimension.

They are sure that at the end of the road everyone is the same, regardless of who they were in this life. Many of their sayings speak about this.

Quotes about power

Since the times of primitive existence, man wants to be above the rest, longs to become the head of the tribe. He dreams of commanding and managing, because he is confident that he knows everything better than anyone. Power - horrible power, and not everyone deserves it. However, the desire to achieve high status is one of those qualities thanks to which people changed our entire world.

Power was especially revered in Antiquity, mainly in Ancient Rome, Where civic engagement was placed above all else. We could hear interesting phrases from the lips of people of that time:

• “I’d rather be first in this village than second in Rome” (Gaius Julius Caesar, during an overnight stop in a small village).
• “To rule is to fulfill duties” (Seneca).
• “Before you begin to command, learn to obey” (Solon of Athens).

Subsequently, the thirst for power never let go of humanity from its tenacious embrace. It becomes the object of statements by many politicians, writers and public figures. Each of them (like any other person, isn't it?) was worried about issues of power. Perhaps, due to their wisdom, they found answers to some of them, from which we can learn by looking at their clever phrases:

• “Violence, if it allows itself to linger, becomes power” (Elias Canetti).
• “A minister should not complain about newspapers or even read them - he should write them” (Charles de Gaulle).
• “Power is given only to those who dare to bend down and take it” (Fyodor Dostoevsky).

Many later, after the Middle Ages, saw power as the root of all troubles - both in the need to obey and in the desire to command. Philosophers and writers agreed that all people are equal, and the very concept of a world order where one person can order another is contrary to our high nature.

Alas! Humanity is still stuck at the level where power is the most important driver of human emotion. People cannot imagine how one can disobey.

Quotes about war

However, we must also fight for power. After all, other people really, really want to take it away. When two endless desires for power collide, war begins.

Humanity has succeeded in waging wars, and abstruse phrases about them flow like a river. This is what people do most often. They learn to fight from an early age, and therefore war takes up a lot of space in their minds. Some praise her, others give advice on how to avoid military conflicts, and others are ironic.

That war cripples billions of lives, destroys thousands of countries, wipes out millions of cities and cultures from the face of the earth, it will always find a place in someone’s head. And the longer humanity exists, the more it realizes how much destructive energy war generates. We are trying harder and harder to get rid of it. Declaring war on war.

People used to talk about how wonderful it was to fight. How much true courage, valor, courage and patriotism is manifested in this. Now we are getting closer to the point where people realize that killing another person will never bring anything good.

• "War... War never changes" (Fallout, video game).
• “The Generals are a striking case of arrested development. Who among us at the age of five did not dream of being a general? (Peter Ustinov).
• “I do not know a single nation that has become rich as a result of victory in war” (Voltaire).
• “If we want to enjoy the world, we have to fight” (Cicero).

Friendship Quotes

Since ancient times, friendship has been a way to get rid of loneliness, salvation and support. And betrayal is the most terrible sin, according to most peoples of the world. Take Dante, for example - weren’t traitors tormented in his worst, ninth circle of Hell?

The reverence for friendship has found important reflection in every culture of the world. Many felt obliged to note its importance. Meaningful phrases that talk about strength friendly relations, are found very often in the sayings of great philosophers and writers of different times. Among them are such great names as Socrates, Aristotle, Johann Schiller, Benjamin Franklin, Mark Twain. They all skillfully focus on the quality of friendships.

• “Friendship is not such a pitiful flame that it can go out in separation” (Johann Schiller).

Quotes about love

Love has always had power over people. And sometimes it grabbed me stronger than friendship, forcing me to step over principles. A person has a hard time without her. This feeling has visited millions of people. The wiser they were, the more it consumed them. Poets and musicians, writers and playwrights - many wrote only about her, about love. Abstruse phrases do not suit her; only sincerity and honesty suit her.

At the same time, it became a topic for speculation, material for excellent manipulation. Thousands of monotonous works impose the image of false, non-sensual, “obligatory” love in everyone’s life. But what does the real thing look like? Great people left us clever phrases about this:

• “To resist love is to provide it with new weapons” (Georges Sand).

Quotes about freedom

Man's desire to be free manifests itself with different strengths in different eras. No matter how often people forget about it now, the desire to break free from someone’s control and power lives in every person. And this despite so many prevailing factors: war makes him a slave, friendship with someone bad takes away all his strength, and false love forever deprives him of sleep and demands submission.

And only by getting rid of all these misfortunes can you become free. And it is precisely this kind of freedom that people always strive for; it is precisely for it that they are ready to die. people are forced to think: how free are we?

This highest struggle - for one's will - is aimed precisely at the first, bestial and herd trait - the desire for power. And when every person, even the smallest one, kills the king within himself, and when everyone begins to “squeeze out the slave drop by drop,” then we will be able to talk about a free world. A world where everyone has the right to make mistakes. Where one person cannot kill another, not because he will be punished for it, but because he does not give himself the internal right to do so.

• “A people accustomed to living under the rule of a sovereign and, thanks to chance, becoming free, has difficulty maintaining freedom” (Nicolo Machiavelli).
• “He who sacrifices liberty for safety deserves neither liberty nor safety” (Benjamin Franklin).
• “Only by losing everything completely do we gain freedom” (Chuck Palahniuk).

Quotes about the meaning of life

Every person from time to time wonders: “In the name of what do we exist and came into this world?” Phrases about the meaning of life probably have more riddles than answers. You can argue with them and not share the opinions of their authors. And this is correct, since the answer to this question is individual for each person. And his future, goals and desires depend on what he will be like.

However, it won’t hurt to listen to more smart people. Expressions and phrases of those who searched for the meaning of existence can help us and guide us in the right direction.

• “The meaning of life is to achieve excellence and tell others about it” (Richard Bach).

Funny Quotes

What can a person do when he has renounced the thirst for power and war, has acquired true friends, and has learned true love, found freedom and found the meaning of life? Of course, one thing is to laugh with happiness.

Despite all sorts of clever phrases, human life, first of all, is incredibly funny. In all its tragedy, sorrow, and need, it continues to remain funny. But only thin people understood this with all our hearts. For example, Anton Pavlovich Chekhov knew how to laugh at his own grief: “How so! There is so much terrible and bad in our life, but it is declared that it is funny!” It’s as if he, who fed his entire family with the daily work of a writer in his youth, who was dying of consumption, who buried his brothers, had never tasted the taste of grief... But the fact of the matter is that what stronger man- the more he is able to ironize about his troubles.

And great and wise people understood this. None of those whose beautiful phrases presented above, never missed an opportunity to joke. Laughter is the main proof of a person who is alive at heart. Here are some of their famous ironic sayings:

• “I didn’t fail the test, I just found 100 ways to do it wrong” (Benjamin Franklin).
• “Murderers and architects always return to the scene of the crime” (Peter Ustinov).

Conclusion

Phrases with a meaning that is deeply hidden in them will never lose their relevance. Such are they in themselves - aphorisms, an important part of human culture. After all, how much intelligence is needed to fit your strong message into one or two sentences! For this mastery of rhetoric and eloquence alone, a person can be called wise.

After all, this is such a lot of work - a well-tailored phrase. Examples clearly show that people have always, at all times, been worried about the same thing. Human nature is unchangeable and, apparently, will remain so for a long time. Therefore, proverbs will remain an inexhaustible source of the main treasure - intelligence and wisdom.