Famous Chinese river. Rivers and river landscapes of China. The Yellow River is the most sandy river in the world

China has a huge number of rivers, lakes and reservoirs. It is not possible to disassemble even some of them, so today we will consider only the largest rivers in China. There are two main rivers in China - the Yangtze (blue river) and the Yellow River (yellow river). Let's talk about them briefly. This review is part of a voluminous guide to China.

Rivers of China

The importance of water resources for China, as well as for other countries of the world, cannot be overestimated. China is one of the ten most full-flowing countries, annually transporting millions of tons of cargo and food through its waterways. Recent years China is actively changing the direction of rivers, building barrier dams and changing the natural landscape in every possible way. In the future, this cannot but have a negative impact on the development of the country. Nevertheless, today, as in many years to come, China's rivers will serve as a critical component of economic success.

The largest rivers in China

Judging by the length, depth and economic importance, the two main rivers in China clearly stand out. They are called the Yangtze, which is commonly called the blue river and the Yellow River, the second name of which is the yellow river in China. In turn, these two rivers are ranked fourth and fifth in the list of the longest rivers in the world.

The Yangtze River is the longest in China, even the literal translation of Yangtze means long river. It stretches for a distance of about 6,000 kilometers along a large territory of China. Originating from the peaks of Tibet, the blue Yangtze River flows through more than ten provinces and flows into the sea near Shanghai. For several millennia, one of China's two main rivers, the Yangtze, has been the source of life for millions of Chinese and other peoples who inhabit the territory of modern China.

Continuing the story of the largest rivers in China, one cannot fail to mention one of the longest rivers in the world, the Yellow Yellow River. The Yellow River received its second name for the characteristic yellow color of the water. The Yellow River in China, the Yellow River, as well as the Yangtze, is the most important water artery China. It gave and continues to give life to a huge number of people living on its banks. The Yellow River is about 5,500 kilometers long, making it one of the longest rivers in the world and one of the two largest rivers in China.

Yangtze- largest river China, originates in snowy mountains Geladandong mountain system Tanggla flows through 11 provinces, autonomous regions and centrally-administered cities and flows into the East China Sea, its total length is 6300 km, and it ranks third in length in the world. The Yangtze has many tributaries, the main ones being: Yalongjiang, Minjiang, Jialingjiang, Hanjiang, Wujiang, Xiangjiang, Ganjiang, etc. Pool area - 1.8 million square meters. km, or 18.8% of the total area of ​​China. Its total flow is 951.3 billion cubic meters, or 52% of the country's total flow. As the country's largest river, the Yangtze is an important shipping route for China. On the section of the Yangtze River from Fengjie County, Chongqing City to Yichang, Hubei Province, the Sanxia Canyon is located 193 km long. Construction of the famous Sanxia hydroelectric complex began in 1994 and will be completed in 2009, which will be able to curb rare floods, and the annual electricity production will be 84.7 billion kWh. , the hydroelectric complex will also improve the fairway, provide water for cities and towns in the middle and lower reaches of the river, for irrigating fields.

Yellow River- the second largest river in China, originates in the northern spurs of the Bayangla Mountains in Qinghai Province and flows through nine provinces and autonomous regions, emptying into the Bohai Sea. The length of the Yellow River is 5464 km, its basin covers an area of ​​more than 750 thousand square meters. km, the annual flow reaches 66.1 billion cubic meters. The number of its main tributaries is more than 40. The main ones are the Fenhe and Weihe. The soil of the Loess Plateau, through which the Yellow River flows, contains a lot of calcium carbonate, which is very hard in dry form, but as soon as it rains, it instantly turns into liquid and is easily washed off with water. Large amounts of silt and sand, along with water, enter the Yellow River, turning it into the river with the highest silt content in the world, as a result, the height of the Yellow River bed rises by 10 cm annually. upper reaches On the Yellow River, many hydroelectric complexes have already been built, such as Longyangxia, Liujiaxia, Qingtongxia. And in the middle reaches of the river, within the province of Henan, the Xiaoland hydroelectric complex is being built.

Heilongjiang flows through the northern part of the country, the border river between China and Russia, its basin covers an area of ​​more than 900 thousand square meters. km, the length of the river within China is 3420 km.

Songhuajiang: pool area - 557.18 thousand square meters. km, total length - 2308 km, annual flow -76.2 billion cubic meters.

Liaohe: pool area - 228.96 thousand square meters. km, total length - 1390 km, annual flow - 14.8 billion cubic meters.

Zhujiang is the largest river in Southern China, the basin area is 453.69 thousand square meters. km, total length - 2214 km, annual flow - more than 333.8 billion cubic meters, according to water resources it ranks second in China, second only to the Yangtze.

Huihe: pool area - 269.238 thousand square meters. km, total length - 1000 km, annual flow - 62.2 billion cubic meters.

Grand Canal Beijing - Hangzhou dug in the 5th century BC. e., leads from Beijing to Hangzhou, Zhejiang province. It stretches from north to south for 1800 km, flowing through the cities of Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang provinces, making it the earliest and longest artificial canal in the world.

Abundant with rivers - more than 50,000 rivers. Almost all major rivers in China belong to the external river system, flowing directly or indirectly into the sea.

China's terrain is high in the west and low in the east, most of its rivers flow east and flow into, including the Yangtze, Liaohe and Haihe rivers.
Largest rivers in China:

• Yangtze - 6300km (3915 miles)
• Yellow River, Yellow River— 5464km (3395 miles)
• Heilongjiang - 4370km (2715 miles)
• Songhua - 1927km (1197 miles)
• Zhujiang - 2,200 kilometers (1,367 miles)

1. Yangtze River (Yangtze, 长江)
Yangtze River - No tour to China would be complete without a cruise on the Yangtze River - the trip will present the rapidly changing panorama of China. The Yangtze River is the longest river in China and the third longest in the world. It originates from the snow-capped peaks of the Geladandong mountain range - the main peak of Tangla Qinghai and the Tibetan Plateau, flows through Qinghai, Tibet, Yunnan, Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and flows into the sea at Shanghai. The 6,300-kilometer route of the Yangtze River has eight major tributaries and a drainage area of ​​1.8 million square kilometers, which is equivalent to 1/5 of China's total land area.


Yangtze cruises have become a must-have for visitors to China. The Yangtze River winds through high mountains and deep valleys with numerous tributaries. The cruise includes exciting excursions of historical sites. The main splendor of the Yangtze River is the famous Three Gorges and Dams.

2. Yellow River (Huang He, 黄河)
Yellow River - With a total length of 5,464 kilometers, the Yellow River is the second longest river in China. The Yellow River is the cradle of Chinese civilization. It comes from the Bayanhar mountain range of Qinghai province. The winding riverbeds pass through 9 provinces and finally flow into the sea, which is also called the Yellow Sea. (Bohai Bay) is a river delta in Kenli, Shandong Province.
The unique natural scenery of forest plateaus looks extremely attractive. Tourists can fully enjoy the breathtaking natural scenery of the Yellow River.

3. Heilongjiang River (Heilongjiang, 黑龙江)
Heilongjiang River - Sino-Russian border river Heilongjiang (also called Amur), runs east through northern China and flows into. Its entire length is 4370 km. The 11th longest river in the world, the Heilongjiang River flows through forests, lush patches of green grass and water areas. The river has the shape of a black dragon, which is reflected in the river's Chinese name: Heilongjiang means "Black Dragon".

4. Sungari River (Sungari, 松花江)
Sungari River - Sungari River in northeast China, largest influx Heilongjiang River, flows about 1927 km from Changbaishan through the provinces of Heilongjiang and Jilin. In winter, beautiful frost lies on the banks of the river. A unique feature of the river is the white fabulous winter.

5. Zhujiang River (Pearl River, 珠江)
Pearl River Zhujiang (the length of the Pearl River) is the third longest among the rivers of China (2200 km, after the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers), and the second in volume (after the Yangtze). This is the largest river in southern China, flowing into, between Hong Kong and Macau. Its downstream forms the Pearl River delta. The Pearl River is formed by the confluence of three rivers - Xijiang, BeiJiang and Dongjaing. The river flows through most areas of the provinces of Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou, and parts of Hunan and Jiangxi provinces, forming 409,480 km² - The Pearl River Basin has a network of rivers, with fertile soil.

6. Brahmaputra (Yaluzangbujiang, 雅鲁藏布江)
Brahmaputra River - The Brahmaputra is a transboundary river and one of the largest rivers in Asia. With its source in Tibet, an autonomous region of China, the Brahmaputra River runs first to the east, then to the south and flows into. About 1,800 miles (2,900 km) long, the Brahmaputra boasts the Grand Canyon (the largest canyon in the world, 504.6 km long and 6,009 m deep). The river is important source irrigation and transportation.

7. Lancang River (Lancang Jiang, 澜沧江)
Lancang River - Lancang River is also known as the longest river in South-East Asia, with a total length of 2354 kilometers. It originates from the springs of the Tanggula mountain range in Qinghai Province. The Lancang River runs south until it leaves China at Nanla Bayout, Yunnan Province, where it changes its name from the Lancang River to the Mekong River. The river finally flows into Pacific Ocean in the south of Vietnam. The Lancang River - the main artery of China - the carrier of water in the countries of Southeast Asia, has a reputation as the "Danube of the East". It is a fantastic river with over ten ethnic minorities living along the river.

8. Nujiang River (Nujiang, 怒江)
Nujiang River - The Nujiang River originates from the southern slope of Tanggula - a mountain range in the Tibet Autonomous Region. The Nujiang flows from north to south through the Tibet Autonomous Region and Yunnan Province, with a total length of 2,816 kilometers and a catchment area of ​​324,000 square kilometers. The river's name changes to the Salween River after passing into Burma from China. The river then flows into Moulmein.

9. Hanjiang River (Han Jiang, 汉江)
Hanjiang River - The Hangang River, also called the Han Shui River, is one of the most important tributaries of the Yangtze, with a total length of 1,532 km. It rises in southwestern Shaanxi and then moves to Hubei. The Hangang River merges with the Yangtze River in Wuhan, Hubei Province. The name of the Han kingdom and the Han dynasty apparently comes from this river.

To the question Which are the two most big rivers are in China? given by the author User deleted the best answer is





Source:

Answer from DICK[guru]
Yangtze and Yellow River.
Yellow River - "Yellow River" - because of the color of the water in which there is loess suspension.
Yangtze - no associations in the brain.

Answer from Yovetlana Panfilova[guru]
Yellow River (Yellow River) and Yangtze.
All. Sorry.

Answer from Anastasia[active]
Yellow River and Yangtze
The Yellow River flows through a forest plateau and has the highest turbidity in the world; during floods, it generally turns not even into a river, but into a mud stream

Answer from Leonid Yaroshevsky[guru]
The largest river in China - the Yangtze, in length - 6300 km - is second only to the Nile in Africa and the Amazon in South America. The upper course of the Yangtze runs through high mountains and deep valleys. It conceals rich water resources. The Yangtze is the country's main and most convenient shipping route, running from west to east. Its fairway by nature itself is adapted for navigation, it is not for nothing that the Yangtze is called the "golden transport artery" in China. The regions of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze are characterized by a warm and humid climate, an abundance of rainfall and soil fertility, which creates ideal conditions for development Agriculture. This is where the main breadbasket of the country is located. The second largest river in China is the Yellow River, with a total length of 5,464 km. The Yellow River basin is rich in fertile fields, lush pastures, and the depths contain huge deposits of minerals. The banks of the Yellow River are considered the cradle of the Chinese nation, and the origins of ancient Chinese culture can be traced from here. Heilongjiang is a large river in northern China. The total length is 4350 km, of which 3101 km are in China. The Pearl River is the deepest in Southern China, with a total length of 2214 km. In addition to natural waterways, China has the famous man-made Grand Canal, connecting water systems the Haihe, Yellow, Huaihe, Yangtze and Qiantang Rivers. It was laid in the 5th century BC. e., stretches from north to south from Beijing to the city of Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, for 1801 km, it is the oldest and longest artificial canal in the world.

Answer from Lady X[master]
The Chinese also called the Yellow River the River of Nine Disasters)

Answer from Aivar Kink[guru]
The relief features affected primarily the distribution of water
country's resources. The wettest parts are the Southern and Eastern parts,
having a dense and highly branched system. In these areas there are
The largest rivers in China are the Yangtze and the Yellow River. They also include:
Amur, Sungari, Yalohe, Xijiang, Tsagno. the rivers of eastern China are mostly
are rich in water and navigable, and their regime is characterized by uneven
seasonal runoff - minimum flow in winter and maximum - in summer. On
floods are frequent on the plains, caused by rapid spring and summer melting
snow.
The western, arid part of China is poor in rivers. Mostly they
are shallow, shipping on them is poorly developed. Most of the rivers
areas do not have a runoff into the sea, and their flow is episodic.
The largest rivers in this area are the Tarim, Black Irtysh, Ili, and Edzin-Gol.
The largest rivers in the country, carrying their waters to the ocean, become infected in
Tibetan Plateau.
China is rich not only in rivers, but also in lakes. There are two main
types: tectonic and fashionably erosive. The first are located in the central
the Asian part of the country, and the second in the Yangtze River system. In the western part
China's largest lakes are: Lop Nor, Kununor, Ebi-Nur. Especially
There are numerous lakes on the Tibetan Plateau. Most of the lowland lakes
like the rivers, they are low-water, many are without drainage and are saline. In the eastern
parts of China, the largest are Dongting, Poyang, Taihu, located in
Yangtze River basin; Hongzohu and Gaoihu are in the Yellow River basin. IN
floods, many of these lakes become natural reservoirs
countries.

Answer from Lyudmila[active]
There are only 2 rivers in China: the Yangtze and the Yellow River.
1 Yangtze
2 Juan Ho

Answer from Orii Pan[newbie]
1. The Yangtze is the largest river in China and one of the longest rivers in the world, its length is more than 6300 km. , pool area sq. , 1,807,199 km. , total annual flow 979.353 billion cubic meters. m., average runoff layer 542 mm.
The Yangtze originates in the foothills of Tibet, in western China and, flowing through the entire country, flows into the sea near Shanghai. Along the banks of the Yangtze stretch green villages and small towns in the form of terraces, covered in myths and legends. The Yangtze passes deep gorges on the plains of Sichuan, flows through amazingly picturesque gorges and canyons between the cities of Chongqing and Wuhan - this is perhaps the most a nice place on the river.
Currently, this unusual attraction will soon no longer be visible: the Chinese are building a dam that will soon flood all the gorges, and with them, that segment of life that has remained untouched for so many generations will disappear.
2. The Yellow River is the second largest river in China, originating in the northern spurs of the Bayangla Mountains in Qinghai Province and flowing through nine provinces and autonomous regions, emptying into the Bohai Sea. The length of the Yellow River is 5464 km, its basin covers an area of ​​more than 750 thousand square meters. km, the annual flow reaches 66.1 billion cubic meters. The main tributaries are the Fenhe and Weihe, and in general the number of tributaries is more than 40.
The Yellow River got its due English name as the "Yellow River" for the color of the water, which is rich in silt, which is washed out of the loess soils from the territory through which it flows. Over the past two thousand years, the river has overflowed its banks and broken through dams more than a thousand times, and has significantly changed the trajectory of its course at least 20 times.
Currently, 18 dams have been built on the Yellow River, and 7 more dams are under construction. Waterworks are concentrated in the upper reaches of the river, such as Longyangxia, Liujiaxia, Qingtongxia, and in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, where the Xiaoland waterworks are being built; there are no waterworks in the lower reaches of the river.

One of distinctive features China is considered to have an abundance of rivers. There are about 5,000 of them in the country.

Short and long, small and large, with a calm disposition and violent character - they are all as different as the country itself. The river branches are located very unevenly. The west of China suffers from a shortage of rivers, while the eastern part abounds in them, and this is where the largest ones are located.

Yangtze

The Yangtze is the country's largest river, 6,300 km long. Being the third largest in the world, it is second only to the Amazon and the Nile. Its source is located in the snow-capped Geladandong Mountains. It flows through the territory of eleven provinces, making its way through fields and foothills, hills, mountains and gorges. No other river in China can boast of such a variety of landscapes, so its second name “river of contrasts” is fully justified.

The Yangtze is not only famous for its beauty, but is also the “golden transport artery” of the country. It is navigable along almost its entire length. The river conventionally divides the Celestial Empire into two parts: northern and southern China. The largest metropolises - Wuhan, Nanjing - are located along the banks of the Yangtze.

Zhujiang

The Pearl River, as the Pearl River is also called, flows through eight provinces. Unusual name the river received thanks to the island located on it. The shores, polished by water, became surprisingly smooth, reminiscent of the surface of a pearl.

Zhujiang is of particular interest to tourists and guests of the Celestial Empire due to the extraordinary beauty of its numerous bridges, which are illuminated at night. In addition, along the banks of this river there are a large number of cultural monuments and attractions of China.

Yellow River

The country's second largest river, the Yellow River, with a length of 5,464 km, originates on the Tibetan Plateau. Its name translates as “Yellow River”. This is no coincidence, because the abundance of suspensions gives it this color. IN summer period When the Yellow River is at its deepest, it carries a huge amount of silt. Sediment is deposited downstream, causing the riverbed to rise above the surrounding area. The result is frequent floods, for which the river received the second name “Mountain of China”.

The Yellow River flows through the Great Chinese Plain, which makes navigation possible in some parts of it. However, in Lately because of environmental problems Most of the year the Yellow River becomes shallow, making navigation possible only for small vessels.

Liaohe

Being one of the largest in the northern part of China, Liaohe has two sources at once: one is located in the west, the other in the east. The very first mention of this river dates back to 475-221 BC. In one of the provinces named after Liaohe, it is called the "mother river". Just like the Yellow River, this river carries a lot of loess - fertile soil of a yellow hue.

Heilujiang

This waterway flows along the border between Russia and China. But if for the Chinese people it is known as Heilujiang, then our population calls it Amur. Bending around the territory of the Celestial Empire from the east, the river flows into the Sea of ​​Okhotsk. With a length of 4,370 km, Heilujiang ranks 11th in length among all the rivers on the planet.

It flows through the most picturesque places. Virgin forests, lush green grass and water areas amaze with their grandeur and beauty. If you admire the Amur from a bird's eye view, it is easy to notice that the river has the shape of a black dragon. This is what the Chinese used as the basis for its name.

Heilujiang is navigable along its entire length, making it an important waterway.

Hangang

The Hangang (another name is the Han Shui River) is considered to be one of the most important tributaries of the Yangtze. The total length of the river is 1532 km. According to some historians, the name of this river formed the basis of the name of the royal Han dynasty and the Han kingdom.

The waterways of the Celestial Empire are one of its attractions. The world-famous Yangtze and Yellow River, or other less popular rivers, are unique in nature. The special flavor of the area and amazing river landscapes will not leave even the most experienced travelers indifferent.