Where does the Canadian lynx live? Canadian or North American lynx. Automotive market during the current crisis

Introduction

Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis Kerr, 1792) is a species of lynx that lives in the North American taiga. The closest relative of the Eurasian lynx ( lynx lynx).

1. Appearance

This type of lynx is half the size of the Eurasian one: its body length is 86-117 cm, height at the withers is 60-65 cm; weight 8-14 kg. Animals in captivity can weigh up to 20 kg in both sexes.

The color of the coat is grayish-brown, reddish in summer; white marks are scattered over the main background, which give the impression of being powdered with snow. There is an unusually light, "blue" color.

2. Distribution

Lives in the wooded areas of Alaska, Canada, as well as the states of Montana, Idaho, Washington and Colorado.

3. Lifestyle and nutrition

The Canadian lynx feeds mainly on hares; the size of its population is dependent on the growth or decline of their population. Supplement to the basic diet are rodents (squirrels, mice, beavers), red deer, foxes and birds (pheasants).

4. Lifestyle and reproduction

Lynxes prefer to live alone, with the exception of the period when females have offspring. Pregnancy in a female lasts 63-70 days. May-June (in rare cases- in July) she gives birth to 1-5 kittens. Kittens are separated from their mother at the age of 10 months, usually March-April.

Young lynxes reach sexual maturity at the age of 10 to 23 months. IN natural conditions live up to 10-15 years.

5. Population status

The future of Canadian lynxes this moment out of danger; they are endangered in only a few regions, for example in New Brunswick, due to the destruction of their habitats and hunting them in the past for their fur.

6. Classification

It is the closest relative of the Eurasian lynx ( lynx lynx); some sources consider the Canadian lynx a subspecies of the Eurasian lynx.

There are two subspecies of the Canadian lynx:

Lynx canadensis canadensis Kerr, 1792, found throughout much of North America.

Lynx canadensis subsolanus Bangs, 1897, living on the island of Newfoundland.

Bibliography:

Sokolov V. E. Five-language dictionary of animal names. Mammals. Latin, Russian, English, German, French. / under the general editorship of acad. V. E. Sokolova. - M.: Rus. yaz., 1984. - S. 107. - 10,000 copies.

See IUCN, Wild Cats: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan, p. 128. (English)

Source: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_lynx

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4. Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) is one of the species of lynx that lives in North America(Alaska, Montana, Washington, Colorado, Idaho).

   
   

   It is the closest relative of the common lynx (Lynx lynx).

   North American are found mainly in the taiga, sometimes can be found among rocky mountains and in the tundra.

   The habitats of these cats are closely related to the habitats of white hares, which are the main prey for these predators.

   Canadian lynxes can live close to people, but they avoid meeting people in every possible way.

   There are two subspecies of the Canadian lynx:

   Lynx canadensis canadensis Kerr, 1792, found throughout much of North America.

   Lynx canadensis subsolanus Bangs, 1897, living on the island of Newfoundland.

   
   

   Appearance

   With all the outward similarity from the common lynx, the Canadian lynx differs primarily in its smaller size, the body length of this species is from 86 to 117 cm (for an ordinary lynx from 80 to 130), the height at the withers is from 60 to 65 cm (for an ordinary lynx up to 70 cm.)

   
   

   And the Canadian lynx weighs from 8 to 14 kg. (in zoos, the weight can reach up to 20 kg.). An ordinary lynx has an average weight of 18 to 25 kg.

   The fur is long - up to 5 centimeters and thick. The main color of the fur is grayish-brown or reddish with various markings. white color.

   On the sides of the muzzle of the Canadian lynx is visible white fur reminiscent of snow flakes, some representatives of this species have a rare, pearl blue color.

   
   

   Ears with black tassels, short black tail.

   Long paws with wide feet and retractable claws. The front feet are slightly smaller than the hind feet.

   The peculiar structure of the body determines increased jumping ability, agility, swiftness in attack, speed of running.

   
   

   Lifestyle and nutrition

   Like all other lynxes, Canadian cats are solitary except during the breeding season.

   Males constantly move around a separate territory, which can be more than 100 sq. km, while leaving marks with urine and scratches on trees along the border of their territory.

   Territories of females may partially overlap.

   Confidently moving through the deep and loose snow, Canadian lynx remains invisible, hiding its tracks.

   In search of food, lynxes have to travel long distances in any terrain, lynxes swim well even in cold water, deftly move through the trees and mountains.

   Having well-developed hearing and sharp eyesight, lynxes hunt mainly at dusk or at night, although they can be active during the day.

   It waits out bad weather in the thick of the forest or in a suitable cave.

   
   

   The Canadian lynx feeds mainly on hares, so the size of its population directly depends on the number of these animals.

   Supplements to the basic diet can be rodents (squirrels, mice, beavers), red deer, foxes and birds (eg pheasants).

   The daily lynx menu consists of meat (1-3 kg per day).

   Lynxes chase prey and then jump on it, although they can hunt and wait for their prey in ambush for several hours.

   Females and cubs sometimes hunt hares in a group. One lynx scares the victim, and the rest line up and catch it. This method of hunting can be quite successful and is essential in developing hunting techniques among young lynxes.

   Canadian lynx hides excess food in specially dug caches, which are often found by smaller predators and quickly taken away.

   Well-fed lynxes prefer to rest, accumulating strength for a new hunt.

   reproduction

   
   

   The mating season for Canadian lynxes usually runs from February to March. At this time, males and females unite in pairs, and near his possessions, the male chooses one or more females, fertilizes the chosen ones and leaves home.

   Caring for future cubs falls entirely on the mother.

   
   

   Shortly before giving birth, she equips a secluded lair in dense bushes, rock crevices or tree hollows, where she waits for the offspring to appear.

   
   

   The duration of a normal pregnancy in a female is from 63 to 70 days, in May - June, from 1 to 5 kittens weighing up to 300 grams are born in lynxes.

   For the first months, the mother feeds the cubs with milk, and from the third, she feeds them with rabbits and mice.

   
   

   Lynx kittens live with their mother for up to 10 months, the female goes hunting for prey already with five-month-old babies and follows this tradition for the entire period of cohabitation.

   Having become sexually mature, young lynxes begin an independent life, and their mother begins new search future dad.

   Canadian lynx - forest animal, mysterious. Like all representatives of the lynx family, it is a predator with feline habits, natural, incomparable grace. The living space is spread far along the meridian, it captures the forests of Alaska, Canada, coniferous zones northern states America (Washington, Colorado, Idaho).

   Appearance

   The animal has a relatively small size: the height at the withers does not exceed 65 cm, the length of the body is in the range of 80 - 117 cm. Weight adult reaches 8 - 14 kg. Long tassels on the ears, whiskers on the muzzle, a short, as if chopped off tail, almost round pupils distinguish from other feline lynxes.

   The beast is endowed with long, strong, muscular legs (hind legs are longer than the front ones), large feet, and a thin waist. The peculiar structure of the body determines increased jumping ability, agility, swiftness in attack, speed of running.

   Thick long fur reliably protects the animal from hypothermia and frostbite of the feet. The maximum length of the pile is 5 cm. The color corresponds to the habitat: the main grayish-brown palette is completely strewn with small white marks, tassels, the tip of the tail are highlighted in saturated black.

   

   habits

   The Canadian lynx leads a solitary life, rarely communicates with its brethren, does not stay in one place for a long time and constantly roams within its own hunting grounds (occupies an area of ​​70 km 2 or more). Be sure to mark the territory: irrigate the soil with droplets of urine, leave scratches on rocks, trees.

   It moves confidently over deep and loose snow cover, skillfully hides its tracks, swims well, shows miracles of dexterity on the ground, on trees, in cold water. In search of food, it travels tens of kilometers. It waits out bad weather in the thick of the forest or in a suitable cave.

   Unlike the common lynx, the North American species actively hunts not only under the cover of dusk, but also in daytime. He looks out for the victim, sitting on a tree, or tracks down by smell and traces. It sneaks up on its prey, attacks sharply from ambush, making several lightning-fast jumps of 2-3 meters each.

   Diet

   The daily lynx menu consists of meat (1-3 kg per day). Favorite dish - hare - hare (75 - 80% of the diet). An adult individual annually destroys from 150 to 200 long-eared inhabitants of the forest, thereby regulating the size of the rodent population. Squirrels, birds, mice, beavers, young deer, bighorn sheep, fish.

   Canadian lynx hides excess food in reserve: it digs in soil or makes a hiding place in the snow. Storekeepers often find smaller predators and quickly take them away. A well-fed animal prefers not to hunt - it rests, accumulates strength and prepares for new journeys.

   

   Reproduction and care of offspring

   Males and females pair up exclusively for mating season from February to the end of March. Near his possessions, the male chooses one or more females, fertilizes the chosen ones and leaves home. Caring for future cubs falls entirely on the mother.

   The duration of a normal pregnancy in a female is 2 - 2.5 months. Shortly before giving birth, she equips a secluded lair in dense bushes, rock crevices or tree hollows, where she waits for the offspring to appear. The brood consists of two to five individuals. The weight of one baby is not more than 300 grams.

   Lynx cubs are completely helpless, blind, need constant care and open their eyes only two weeks after birth. Looking at a photo of a Canadian lynx at the tender age of a kitten, it is hard to imagine that this cute fluffy lump with bright blue eyes, so fragile and defenseless, will soon grow into a dangerous hardened predator.

   

   For the first months, the mother feeds the cubs with milk, and from the third, she feeds them with rabbits and mice. The young generation learns the tricks of hunting gradually. The female goes on group trips for prey already with five-month-old babies and follows this tradition for the entire period of cohabitation.

   With the beginning of the next breeding season (the lynxes are 10 months old), the established tandem is destroyed. The mother abandons her large family and goes in search of a male, while the offspring have to learn to live independently.

   
   

   Life in captivity

   The attitude of a lynx to a person is ambiguous: in natural conditions, she avoids him, without expressing much fear, at the same time she can settle nearby locality and visit periodically. Domestic Canadian lynx is recommended for captive keeping. The kid, taken from the nursery, quickly gets used to the owner, becomes a real protector and companion in hiking and games.

   All a pet needs is love and good care. The average life expectancy of a wild lynx in the wild is 10 years; at home, a lynx will live longer.
   

   Contrary to the name, the Canadian lynx (lat. Lynx canadensis) lives not only in Canada, it can be found in various parts of the North American taiga - in Alaska, in forest areas the states of Idaho, Montana, Colorado and Washington. The climate in the selected habitats is quite severe, and the color of the lynx matches the surrounding landscape, helping the animals to remain inconspicuous against the background of the environment.

   On the gray-brown background of thick and long fur, dark speckles and whitish spots are scattered, resembling snow flakes that powdered the animal's clothing, and only with the onset of summer red sparks appear in the coat of the Canadian lynx. Some representatives of this species have a rare, pearl blue color. The ears and the tip of the short tail of the Canadian lynx are black.

   

   The northern beast is harmoniously complex, and the whole appearance graceful big cat - with high legs, wide powerful feet, round head, long fur on the sides of the muzzle, pronounced tassels on the ears - makes one admire the strength and stature of the animal. In length, the lynx can reach 120 cm, the height at the withers is from 60 to 70 cm, and the weight ranges from 6 to 16 kg.

   

   These predatory inhabitants of the North American tundra and taiga, like many others wild cats- proud loners leading a twilight lifestyle. During the day, they prefer to hide from prying eyes among the crevices of rocks or branched roots of uprooted trees, and at nightfall or at dawn, as soon as it dawns, they go hunting.

   

   The main prey dexterous strong cat are hare hares, on the livestock of which the number of hunters themselves depends. On account of each of the representatives of this species - up to 200 hare, destroyed annually.

   

   The diet of the taiga animal is supplemented by birds, and larger animals - foxes, deer and bighorn sheep. Luck does not always smile on hardy hunters: sometimes, in search of lynx prey, one has to travel huge distances - up to 20 km per day. If a cat is caught in bad weather during a long hike, it waits out the bad weather by climbing into a suitable cave or hiding among the spreading branches of a tree.

   

   The process of hunting a Canadian lynx for hare is a fascinating sight. Having found fresh hare tracks, the predator hides, and then makes a sharp jerk with the final jump-flight, leaving no chance for the scythe. If it is not safe to remain on the ground, the lynx easily climbs a tree with prey and arranges a feast there. With a surplus of food, thrifty animals hide the leftovers of lunch in order to return to them later.

   

   The territory of an adult male can be up to 70 square meters. km, females occupy smaller areas. And only in the mating season, incorrigible hermits pair up - while the male fertilizes several females at once - in order to reproduce from 1 to 6 tiny helpless kittens after 2-2.5 months. Babies grow up under the watchful eye of their mother, who protects them from large owls and other enemies, helps them get back on their feet and teaches them all the wisdom of hunting.

   

   By the way, even the breeding process in Canadian lynxes, and that largely depends on the number of hare: if the number of hares that occupy a dominant position in the diet of lynxes is insignificant, the birth rate among these northern cats is sharply reduced - until better times, when there will be plenty of food.