All about soft arkansas sharpening stones. Arkansas is “a natural state. Arkansas Natural Treasure

The state of Arkansas is famous for its nature with corners almost untouched by civilization. Lovers of cultural recreation, extreme travelers and connoisseurs of natural beauty will love this place.

Nicknamed the "Natural State," Arkansas adopted its status in the summer of 1836. He became the 25th member of the United States. The territory is almost 138 thousand km 2, and the population is almost 3 million people. The state of Arkansas is located in the center of the southwestern part of America.

Its capital is the economic center of the entire state and the center of the agglomeration, recognized as the largest city in Arkansas with a population of 700 thousand residents.

After the discovery of this territory by Europeans, the future state of Arkansas repeatedly passed from Spain to France. There were endless disputes between these two countries over these lands. Then Arkansas completely ceded to France, becoming one of its colonies, and in 1803 it passed to the United States through the Louisiana Purchase.

Geography and climate: position, features

Conventionally, the state of Arkansas is usually divided into two parts: one is characterized by a predominance of lowlands, the other by uplands. The territory is very rich in reservoirs of natural and artificial origin. These are various reservoirs, countless lakes, rivers and streams. The Mississippi flows here, to whose basin all other rivers belong.

Arkansas has a continental climate. Frosts and snow are extremely rare here - winters are mild but wet. Summer is very hot (the average temperature in July - August is 30 degrees) and is characterized by high rainfall. Those wishing to vacation in Arkansas during this period are advised to stock up on light clothing and soft drinks, and stay near bodies of water.

Population composition

Interestingly, the state of Arkansas is largely populated by native English people. They make up about 20.7% of the total number of residents. Second place is occupied by African Americans - 15.6%. This is due to the fact that in the past Arkansas was a slave-holding territory and one of the main states of the Confederacy.

Residents of Irish and German origin are also represented here in sufficient numbers. Other ethnic groups are poorly represented. The main language of Arkansas is English. Although Spanish and French are also widely spoken.

Religious composition

Arkansas is a predominantly Christian state. The majority of residents preach Protestantism. However, Baptistism and Catholicism are also quite common.

Economics and education

Arkansas is one of the leading US states in the field of trade. The main products are:

• Cattle
• Bird and eggs
• Soybeans
• Cotton
• Pork
• Milk products

Arkansas has a highly developed industry (food, printing, automotive). A significant share of the economy comes from the extraction of mineral resources: oil, bromine, gas, vanadium. Tourism also brings in a tidy profit for the Natural State.

The main university is the University of Arkansas at Monticello and its division - the Agricultural and Mechanical College. The main direction of education is the field of agriculture. She was a presenter for almost 100 years. However, in recent years, technical specialties and exact sciences have been actively developing here.

Attractions and popular places

Arkansas Mountains

Arkansas is very interesting for its nature. A large number of rivers and lakes give tourists the opportunity to enjoy the local beauty and swim in clean water. Here is Hot Springs Park, famous for its large number of mineral springs.

The Diamond Crater is especially popular among tourists. This is a small deposit of diamonds formed as a result of a volcanic eruption. These stones are not of high value, but are very popular with visitors to Arkansas.

Arkansas also offers a look at the old mill, built specifically for the filming of the film Gone with the Wind. A small copy of the Capitol building. To the Blanchard Caves with their many surprises and secrets.

Watch a video about Arkansas:

Arkansas (Arkansas) is a state in the southern United States, belongs to the group of states of the Southwestern Center.
The state area is 137,002 sq. km (29th place in the USA).
Arkansas was formed on June 15, 1836 (25 in the United States).

The state's population is more than 2,900 million people (32nd among US states).
The capital and largest city is Little Rock.
The state abbreviation for Arkansas is AR.

The motto of the state of Arkansas is “The people rule” (Latin: Regnat populus - The people rule).
Arkansas nicknames: Natural State, Land of Opportunity, Wonder State, Hot Water State, Bear State ).

Arkansas state name

The name of the state of Arkansas comes from the language of the Indians who lived in what is now Arkansas when European settlers arrived here.

The word "Arkansas" came into English from the French "Arcansas". In turn, the French, who founded the first settlements on the lands of Arkansas, borrowed the word “akakaze” from the language of the Quapaw Indians, which means “land of the people living down the river.”

According to another version, the name of the state of Arkansas comes from the word "Akakaze" ("people of the south wind") in the language of the Sioux Indians.

From the same roots as the name Arkansas comes the names of the river and the state of Kansas.

Story

Before the arrival of Europeans, Arkansas was inhabited by the Cherokee, Osage, Caddo, Quapaw, and Choctaw tribes. The first European to explore Arkansas was the Spaniard Hernando de Soto in the 16th century. The expedition he led passed in 1539-40 through the territory of modern Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama and Mississippi, and in 1541 - through the lands of Arkansas, Oklahoma, Louisiana and Texas. De Soto declared the lands he explored to be Spanish possessions.

In 1686, the French, under the leadership of Henry de Tonti, founded the first European settlement in Arkansas near a strategically important point - the confluence of the Arkansas and Mississippi rivers - Arkansas Post.

In 1722, the French founded a trading post, which later became the capital and largest city of Arkansas - Little Rock. Spain and France disputed each other's rights to American lands, including Arkansas, but in fact Indians lived here, and only a few Europeans were traders and hunters.

In 1803, the United States bought its American colonies from France. Arkansas lands became part of the newly formed Louisiana Territory, and later the Missouri Territory. The Arkansas Territory was created in 1819, and Arkansas became the twenty-fifth state of the United States in 1836.

Arkansas played a very large role during the Texas War of Independence from Mexico and later during the Mexican-American War of 1846-1848. It was in Arkansas that many volunteer units that participated in military conflicts with Mexico were formed.

In the mid-19th century, Arkansas experienced rapid growth, with the leading sector of the Arkansas economy being agriculture, and the basis of agriculture was the cultivation of cotton in the fertile lands of the Arkansas Mississippi River Delta.

Slave labor was widely used on cotton plantations. By 1860, a quarter of Arkansas's population were slaves, and one in five white Arkansans was a slave owner. True, most of these slave owners had few slaves; only twelve percent of them owned more than twenty people. But it was these few planters who were the richest people in Arkansas and practically determined the politics of the state. From then on, and for a long time, life in Arkansas was largely determined and dependent on problems of race relations.

During the American Civil War, Arkansas joined the Confederacy. During the war, thousands of state residents died, black and white, who fought on the side of the Confederacy or northerners.

After the end of the American Civil War, Arkansas went through a difficult period of reconstruction. During the war, the economy and social structures in the state were destroyed; almost by the time hostilities ended, there was no government in the state and anarchy reigned.

The result of the victory of the US federal government was the abolition of slavery, and it was on the labor of slaves that the “cotton” agriculture of Arkansas was based. Rich planters were not going to lose their influence and in every possible way prevented the implementation of reforms. As in other southern states of the United States, the Ku Klux Klan was growing in strength in Arkansas.

Soon, African Americans not only gained the right to vote, but even several black citizens of Arkansas were elected to the state legislature.

Traditionally, Arkansas's main transportation arteries have been rivers, the most important of which is the Mississippi. Mostly cotton plantations were located in the valley of this greatest river in the United States. With the advent of railroads, which provided quick and convenient access to various regions of Arkansas, another boom in the state's economy began.

Now in Arkansas they grew not only cotton, but also strawberries, peaches, apples, and vegetables. The timber industry, production of lumber, furniture, and other wood products developed rapidly. Minerals began to be mined in Arkansas, mainly coal.

At the beginning of the 20th century, many immigrants from Europe came to Arkansas, mainly Germans, Irish, and Slovaks.
At the same time, in the first decades of the 20th century, Arkansas, like other states of the US South, was affected by the Great Migration. Many black residents of the state moved to the north, where they could expect to get well-paid jobs in factories in the US industrial belt. Moreover, in the northern states they actually had the same rights.

The issue of civil rights and racial discrimination remained relevant for Arkansas for a long time. The population of this largely rural state was very conservative, especially in matters of religion and race. Traditionally, the Ku Klux Klan had a strong position in Arkansas, and the Ku Klux Klansmen named not only blacks, but also Jews, Catholics and foreigners as their targets.

The years of the Great Depression were complicated by natural disasters in Arkansas. In 1927, Arkansas was hit hard by the Great Mississippi Flood, with 14% of the state flooded. Droughts followed the floods.

U.S. involvement in World War II accelerated the industrialization of Arkansas. Defense industry enterprises were created in the state, and a significant number of military orders were placed, paid for by the US federal government. Many Arkansans moved from rural areas to cities. Also, several military facilities were based in the state: arsenals, training units, airfields.

At the same time, the division of people along racial lines remained; even soldiers of the same unit with different skin colors going on leave were forced to rest separately. During the war, several camps were created in Arkansas for internment of American citizens - ethnic Japanese, as well as for prisoners of war of Germans and Italians.

Modern Arkansas is a state fully integrated into the US economy, which, however, still remains largely agricultural and very conservative. The problems of the very difficult desegregation process in Arkansas are becoming less and less felt. More and more residents of the state are moving to cities, and the general level of education of the population and its income are increasing.

Bill Clinton, 42nd President of the United States, was born in Arkansas. Before his presidency, Clinton served as the 40th and 42nd governor of Arkansas, a total of nearly twelve years in office.

Arkansas Sights

The main attraction of the state of Arkansas is nature - rivers, lakes, reservoirs, mountains, numerous nature reserves and parks - 6 that are part of the US National Park system, and 47 state parks. Arkansas, especially its northern border, is one of the largest mineral hot springs in the world. The pearl among them is Hot Springs National Park. For more than 200 years, people have been using the healing properties of its hot springs for therapeutic purposes. Not only Americans, but also residents of other countries come here for treatment.

Among the state's attractions it is worth noting:

■ Hot Springs National Park;
■ Fort Smith National Historic Site;
■ Eureka Springs Resort;
■ Blanchard Caverns near Mountain View;
■ Diamond Crater near Murfreesboro is the only place in the United States where diamonds are mined;
■ National Nature Reserve Buffalo (Buffalo National River);
■Mid-America Museum;
■ Ozark Folk Center;
■ Arkansas State Capitol in Little Rock - a smaller copy of the Capitol in Washington.

Arkansas State University

Arkansas State University was founded in 1909 and is the region's only public university. The university is located in Jonesboro, an hour's drive from Memphis and a few hours' drive from Little Rock, St. Louis and Nashville.

The university was founded in 1909 as a regional agricultural school. In 1918 it began offering two-year college-level programs, and in 1925 it became the "First District College of Agriculture and Mechanization." Four-year programs began in 1930, and in 1933 the College of Agriculture and Mechanical Engineering became Arkansas State College. The Arkansas State Legislature upgraded the college to university status, and in 1967 it was named Arkansas State University.

Arkansas State University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association. In addition, the university has more than 20 different accreditations. Arkansas State University offers over 250 academic programs, associate, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees. More than 85% of the university teaching staff have the highest degree in their specialization.

To date, Arkansas State University has graduated more than 61,000 students.

Interesting Facts

■ Traces of the most ancient human sites in the United States have been found in Arkansas.
■ De Soto's expedition destroyed local Indian tribes. When the French came to the lands of the future Arkansas in 1673, they met very few people - most of the Indians died out from viruses brought by the Spaniards a century and a half earlier.
■ In 1957, Arkansas Governor Orville Faubus refused to allow white and black children to be educated together. To restore the rule of law, President Dwight Eisenhower had to send troops into Little Rock.
■ General Douglas MacArthur (1880-1964), who accepted the surrender of Japan in 1945, and former US President Bill Clinton (1946) were born in Arkansas.

State symbols

■Arkansas State Flower - Apple Blossom (Malus domestica)
■Arkansas state tree - lodgepole pine (Pinus taeda)
■ Arkansas State Animal - White-tailed (Virginian) Deer (Odocoileus virginianus)
■ Arkansas state bird - the polyglot mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos)
■ Arkansas state butterfly - Speyeria diana
■ Arkansas State Insect - Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)
■ Arkansas state mineral - quartz
■ Arkansas State Gem - Diamond
■ Arkansas State Drink - Milk
■ Arkansas State Product - Tomato

Funny State Laws

■ The law stipulates that the salaries of school teachers who cut their hair too short will not be increased.
■ It is prohibited for “anyone, under any pretext, to come within 50 feet of any polling station windows or doors” on Election Day and during the counting of votes, making all voters in the state criminals.
■ A man has the right to beat his wife, but not more than once a month.
■ You cannot keep a crocodile in the bathtub.
■ The Arkansas River is not allowed to rise above the level of the Little Rock Bridge.
■ Oral sex is considered a manifestation of pederasty.
■ The word "Arkansas" should be pronounced "Arkanso."
■ It is illegal to kill “any living thing” in Fayetteville.
■ In Little Rock, you can't walk a cow on Main Street after 1 p.m. on Sunday.
■ In the city of Little Rock, dogs are prohibited from barking after 6 p.m.
■ In Little Rock, flirting between a man and a woman on the street could easily result in 30 days in prison.

State, USA. Named after the Arkansas River. Hydronym from the Indian Akenzea with unknown meaning. Geographical names of the world: Toponymic dictionary. M: AST. Pospelov E.M. 2001. Arkansas... Geographical encyclopedia

State in the southern USA. 138 thousand km². Population 2.4 million people (1993). Adm. c. Little Rock... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

I (Arkansas), a river in the USA, a right tributary of the Mississippi. 2410 km, basin area 416 thousand km2. Average water flow is about 1300 m3/s. Navigable 1000 km from the mouth. There is a large reservoir in the Arkansas basin. II state in the southern USA. 138 thousand km2.… … encyclopedic Dictionary

The stone on which compass pins are sharpened. Samoilov K.I. Marine dictionary. M. L.: State Naval Publishing House of the NKVMF of the USSR, 1941 ... Marine Dictionary

- [by the name of the state of North America] – white fine-grained stone; used in the form of sharpening stones Large dictionary of foreign words. Publishing house "IDDK", 2007 ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Noun, number of synonyms: 3 stone (192) river (2073) state (133) ASIS Dictionary of Synonyms. V.N. Trishin... Synonym dictionary

I Arkansas (Arkansas) river in the USA, right, second largest (after Missouri) tributary of the Mississippi. Length 2410 km. The basin area is 470 thousand km2. It originates in the Rocky Mountains, in the upper reaches it flows through narrow, deep gorges (Royal... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

One of the southern states of the North American Union, between 33° and 36° 30 north. w. and 89° 30 and 94° 30 z. d. (from Green.), bordered on the E. by the Mississippi River and the state of Missouri, on the N. Missouri, on the W. by Indian Territory and Texas, on the S. Louisiana and occupies ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

Arkansas- state, USA. Named after the Arkansas River. Hydronym from the Indian Akenzea with unknown meaning... Toponymic dictionary

Arkansas- arkansas ace, a (mineral) ... Russian spelling dictionary

Books

• Garden of earthly joys
• The Garden of Earthly Delights, Joyce Carol Oates. The novel takes place in Arkansas. The Carlton family, in search of seasonal work, is forced to travel a long distance through dusty and hot terrain. Physical suffering and deprivation...

Arkansas (English: Arkansas) is a state located in the southern United States. The population is 2,937,979 people. Capital: Little Rock. There are no large cities here; even the capital is home to only about 200,000 people. The state is bordered by Texas and Oklahoma to the west, Louisiana to the south, Mississippi and Tennessee to the east, and Missouri to the north. In the east, the state border runs along the Mississippi River. Area 137,732 km². The territory is divided into 74 counties.

State attractions

One of the main attractions of Arkansas is the Crater of Diamonds, formed as a result of volcanic eruptions. There are diamond deposits on its territory. And although from a jewelry point of view these diamonds are not of particular value, the place is very popular among tourists. They search and collect them for fun. There have only been a few cases where valuable crystals have been found here (the 40-carat Uncle Sam diamond).

Hot Springs National Park is located in the central part of the state. Here, 47 springs descend from the mountainside, bringing water enriched with mineral salts to the surface at a temperature of +61°C. This is a very popular swimming spot.

Here is a small copy of the Washington Capitol building, with a large collection of monuments and sculptures, the mysterious Blanchard Caves, the Smith Art Center historical museum, an old water mill, which was specially built for the filming of the film “Gone with the Wind,” and many nature reserves.

Geography and climate

In northwest Arkansas are the Oceanita Mountains and the Ozark Plateau, in the southeast are the Arkansas Delta and the Gulf Plain. The state has many rivers, lakes and reservoirs. In the north of the state the climate is temperate continental, in other areas it is humid subtropical. Summers are hot and humid, winters are cold and dry. The average maximum in July is 34°C, in January 0°C. A maximum of 1500 mm of precipitation falls per year. In the northern part of the state, snow falls more often. The state often experiences thunderstorms, snow storms with hail, ice storms, and tornadoes. It rains heavily with thunderstorms for about 2 months of the year.

Economy

Arkansas is home to 6 Fortune 500 companies, including the headquarters of Walmart (#1 in retail). In 2010, the per capita GDP was $36,027. They raise poultry, cattle, as well as cotton, soybeans, rice, and wheat. The food industry, production of lumber, metal products, electrical equipment, auto parts, and paper are developed. Oil, bauxite, natural gas, crushed stone, vanadium, bromine, and coal are extracted from natural resources. The unusually beautiful nature of Arkansas contributes to the development of tourism.

Population and religion

By race of the population: whites - 80.1%, African Americans - 15.6%, Asians - 1.3%, 2 or more races 1.8%. About 7% of the population speaks Spanish. The northwest central Ozarks are home to a majority of European Americans. The south and east of the state are predominantly African-American, while the northwest and border of Missouri are populated by Arkansans of German, Irish, and English descent. By origin: 20.7% - English, 15.6% - African American, 12.5% ​​- Irish, 11.2% - German, 2.1% - French, 1.7% - Danish, 1.6% - Italians, 1.6% Scots, 1.3% Northern Irish. As of 2008, 93.8% of the state's population speaks English at home. By religious affiliation, the majority of the population are Protestants.

Did you know...

When the French came to Arkansas, there were very few people here. A lot of Indians died from viruses and diseases brought by the Spaniards.

Arkansas (English Arkansas) is a state in the southern United States, belongs to the group of states of the Southwestern Center. Population 2.673 million people (33rd among US states; data 2000). The capital and largest city is Little Rock. There are no other large cities.

The official nickname is “Natural State”.

Year of formation: 1836 (25th in order)
State slogan: The people rule
Formal name: State of Arkansas
State's largest city: Little Rock
State capital: Little Rock
Population: more than 2.6 million people (33rd place in the country).
Area: 137.7 thousand sq. km. (29th place in the country.)
More large cities in the state: Fort Smith, Fayetteville, Springdale, Jonesboro, North Little Rock, Pine Bluff, Conway, Rogers, Hot Springs

Geography and climate of Arkansas

The area of ​​Arkansas is 137.8 thousand km² (29th place among states). The state is bordered by Louisiana in the south, Texas and Oklahoma in the west, Tennessee and Mississippi in the east, and Missouri in the north.

In the east of the state is the Mississippi River lowland, in the north are the Ouachita Mountains and the hilly Ozark Plateau. The climate is subtropical, moderately humid. Winters are mild and snowy. Precipitation exceeds 1000 mm per year. The average temperature in January is +2…+15°C, in July -+27°C. In summer the heat can reach +40°C.

History of Arkansas

The first Europeans to explore Arkansas were members of the Hernando De Soto expedition (1541). The first settlers in the state were the French, later the British and Germans. From the 16th to the early 19th centuries, the territory of Arkansas was disputed between Spain and France.