Holder for 2 e27 lamps. Electric cartridge types, design, connection and repair. Fastening the electric socket in a chandelier with screwless contact clamps

Do you have to replace a light bulb socket with a new one, but you don’t know how to do it correctly so as not to damage important wires and components? For such a simple job, you don’t want to call an electrician, whose services will be quite expensive, right? Or do you need to upgrade your home electrical system by replacing individual elements?

We will help you understand the features of connecting various cartridges - the article discusses the main types and markings of factory-made electric cartridges.

Instructions for connecting a cartridge with threaded terminals are also provided and discussed existing options its fastening in lighting installations. Selected illustrative photos from step by step process connections and installations, and videos demonstrating the replacement of the cartridge and the correct connection of wires to it.

An industrial or home electrical network consists not only of wires and lamps, but also of many electrical installations that serve to control or communicate individual parts of the circuit.

The socket connects the lamp base to the electrical cable and at the same time fixes it in a lamp, chandelier, or simply holds it suspended.

The problem of quickly replacing lamps arose as soon as electric lighting was invented, that is, at the end of the 19th century. The first lamps had bases, but the methods of connecting them to the wires were different and had no classification.

In 1881, Edison patented the first threaded type base and cartridge for it. Thus, the most popular types of bases and sockets have remained relevant for more than 130 years.

Of course, they were originally invented. Then gas-discharge and LED ones appeared; their installation required both already familiar and structurally different types of cartridges.

The same standard sizes make replacement easier: instead of an incandescent lamp, a more economical alternative can be screwed into the same socket - an LED with a threaded base or a filament bulb

For the manufacture of modern cartridges, various materials are used, among which you can find traditional metal and ceramics, as well as heat-resistant polymers and even silicone.

The latter option is most often used to create design compositions. Silicone products are equipped with a 1 m electrical cord and are painted in all the colors of the rainbow.

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For example, incandescent and stylized lamps are equipped with threaded lamps.

But some products can only interact with one option. Let's take a closer look at their design features and specifications, which you need to rely on when choosing.

No. 1 - popular threaded options

Sockets with internal threads are designed for lamps with a threaded base. The sizes are usually designated the same: for example, for a lamp with an E14 socket, a corresponding E14 socket is required, although an adapter from E27 to E14 is possible.

The numbers 14 and 27 indicate the diameter, with 27 often considered the classic size and 14 called the minion.

A light bulb socket is an intermediate element used for a convenient and reliable connection of electrical wiring and a lamp. Often various decorative elements of modern chandeliers and lamps are attached to it.

Device

The design of electric sockets depends on the series. The most common products are the E-series model with Edison thread. There are three main elements - a cylinder-shaped outer body, into which a metal sleeve with Edison thread is attached, a bottom and a ceramic liner.

Brass contacts and special strips are used to transfer electric current from the cable to the lamp base. To increase safety during operation, a phase is supplied to the central contact of the base, which reduces the likelihood of contact with the phase.

The G-series cartridges are characterized by the same operating principle, but have more simple design and use a different method of transferring current to the base.

Marking

In accordance with GOST, products with Edison threads are divided into three main types - E14, E27 and E40. The first ones are called “minions” and are used in microwave ovens, freezers, the second - in lamps, the last - when organizing street lighting. The principle of operation is the same everywhere, and the differences are related to the design and dimensions.

There are markings on the cartridge body. When decoding, you can find out the characteristics of the product. E14 is installed in devices with a current consumption of no more than 2 A and a power of up to 440 W, E27 - up to 4 A (880 W), E40 - up to 16 A (3500 W). Each model is designed for 250 V AC.

Varieties by installation method

In fact, installation method is how exactly the product is attached to the lamp in a lamp or other electrical equipment. If a few years ago there was no alternative to a threaded connection, now pin-type cartridges are used. The latter involve fastening using pins located on the base.

Threaded connection - a classic scheme with screwing in a light bulb. The phase is transferred from it to the light bulb when the latter is completely twisted and contact of the base sleeve with the contacts of the socket is ensured.

There is a third option - combined devices with a GU10 base, used in modern chandeliers. First, the light bulb is inserted into the socket, then screwed into the lock until it stops. Elements with a rotary-threaded connection are characterized by a complex design, but are irreplaceable where lighting devices are subject to periodic/continuous mechanical stress, including vibration.

Varieties by type of base

The choice of base depends on the light bulbs used:

1. For almost all housekeepers, fluorescent and conventional lamps, type E27 with a traditional threaded connection is used. The socket is suitable for household LED appliances and a range of halogen lamps.
2. Small light bulbs can be used with E14 type sockets (minions). The number in the marking indicates the diameter - in this case 14 mm.
3. G-chucks are products that use pin fastening. Suitable for housekeepers and halogen lamps with the same design.

How to connect a light bulb socket

Connecting a lighting socket to the electrical wiring of a house is carried out using one of two methods - detachable or permanent. In the first case (the method is called “screw”) fastening is carried out using a threaded screw or a special terminal.

Permanent fastening is associated with homemade soldering or press-fitting at the product manufacturer. The last procedure is relevant for elements of the G4-G10 series. Two insulated cables are pre-lead from them, the length of which does not exceed 100 mm. The elements are attached to the electrical wiring using a terminal block.

Ordinary electric

First you need to understand the assembly procedure of a conventional electric cartridge. A ceramic liner is made, onto which a brass plate is pressed, used as the main contact. On the other side of the liner there is a steel plate - a screw is screwed to it, ensuring reliable fastening of the plate to the liner. The same screw also performs another function - current flows through it to the main contact.

When tightening the screw, use a lot of force, which is due to its participation in the transmission of electric current from the cable to the light bulb. The same sequence of actions is used to attach the second brass plate, after which the main contact is bent so that it is level with the side ones.

Next, form rings on the conductors, thread them through the bottom and secure them to the steel plates. If the cartridge is used in an electrical circuit with a stationary switch, the wire transmitting the phase should be connected to the central contact. To check the reliability of contact, you need to install the light bulb in the base and make sure that when it rests on the side contacts, the main one bends by at least 2 mm. In case of less deflection, the main contact bends upward.

A cylindrical body is attached to this structure, then the cartridge can be used. Select light bulbs by matching the markings on both products.

Cartridge with terminals

When connecting electrical wiring to modern sockets, screw clamps on terminal blocks are used. The approach significantly speeds up the process of connecting and installing an electrical device.

The body is made of plastic, monolithic. Using a special rivet, the wires that supply the base are attached to the body.

Note! The main disadvantage of a product with terminals is the impossibility of repair, so if it fails, you need to completely replace the cartridge with a new one. Among the standard sizes, the most popular are the E14 and E27 model series, which are also used in conventional electrical products.

Screwless electric

The most modern design involves the presence of special holes on the cartridge body - usually four (grouped in pairs). Wires are pulled through the holes, fixed with brass contacts using a spring mechanism. Pairwise connection of contacts simplifies the parallel connection of light bulbs in chandeliers or lamps. Electricity is supplied to the first cartridge, and subsequent ones are connected to it using jumpers.

Important! In this way, you can connect many housekeepers that consume a minimum of electricity.

The products are characterized by simple and quick connection - strip the end of the wire and insert it into the correct hole on the socket body with a clamp fastening.

Many chandeliers and lighting fixtures use thin stranded wires. It is unrealistic to ensure their reliable fastening in the body of a screwless cartridge. Choose chandeliers with serviced wire ends or solder an alloy onto the multi-core cable yourself so that the wire becomes single-core. Tinned ends are easier to insert into the contact of a screwless product.

If you don't know how to use a soldering iron, there is another way. Before inserting the stripped end of the cable into the hole, place a metal rod there that is larger in diameter than the wire itself. A nail and a screwdriver will do. Pull back the spring contact and insert the stranded wire into the hole without any problems. Remove the nail (rod) so that the contact clamps the wire strands. The same method is used for dismantling. Pull the cable lightly to check the connection is secure.

How to connect a socket to an electric socket

At first glance, connecting an outlet to an electric socket is a completely meaningless process. Imagine if you urgently needed an outlet next to the mirror in the bathroom, but the distribution box was located too far away. The bathroom must have a lighting fixture with a socket, to which two cables necessary for operating the socket are connected in parallel.

But there is one caveat: the socket is de-energized whenever the light in the bathroom is turned off, which cannot be called a disadvantage. This relationship increases electrical safety - in the event of a water leak or moisture getting into the outlet, it is excluded short circuit. For added safety, choose sealed outlets designed for rooms with high level humidity.

Mounting methods

In most cases, the socket is connected to the lighting fixture through the bottom. There is a hole in the bottom for entering an electrical cable. The E27 series is available with M16, M10 or M13 threads, and the E14 - M10.

For current-carrying wires

Direct connection of the cartridge to the wires is unacceptable! First you need to ensure reliable fastening of the product in the lighting fixture (lamp or chandelier), for which a plastic sleeve with a hole in the center necessary for the cable is installed on the bottom. A plastic screw is mounted to the sleeve for further fixation.

Connect the socket, clamp the wires with a plastic screw. The sleeve is intended for mounting decorative parts, and the screw ensures reliable fixation of the lampshade and the device suspension.

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The socket is attached using a metal tube, which allows you to hang heavy lampshades from the ceiling. The tube is equipped with additional nuts, with the help of which the fittings for the chandelier, including caps, are installed. The entire load falls on the metal tube, and the wires needed to connect the power are pulled directly through it.

Cartridges with threads on the outer surface of the body can be decorated with lampshade rings and other decorative elements.

Bushing

Tubular bushings are used for fastening sockets in table lamps and wall sconces. Products are made from sheet materials. It is enough to make a hole through which the cartridge should be attached using a sleeve.

Due to the heating of the light bulb, plastic bushings can become deformed, causing the socket to begin to wobble. Replace plastic with metal.

The mounting thread varies, as there is no specific standard for E27 socket sockets. To replace a plastic bushing with a metal one, use resistors. Before breaking, disassemble and compare the threads so as not to ruin the product in vain.

With screwless terminals

The body and bottom of the cartridge, using screwless clamp contacts, are connected to each other using two latches. The bottom of the product is screwed to the threaded tube, after which the electrical wires are inserted. The body is made in the shape of a cylinder and is attached to the bottom.

Elements are subject to repair and maintenance. Use a screwdriver and move the latches to the sides so as not to damage the cable when dismantling the product.

Repair of electric cartridges

Electric chucks E and G series differ from each other and in terms of maintenance capabilities. If the first ones are repaired, in most cases, if the second ones break down, the socket in the chandelier needs to be replaced.

Repair of dismountable electric socket E27

The cause of frequent burnout of light bulbs and changes in brightness during operation of lighting fixtures may be a breakdown of the electric socket. This is also indicated by extraneous sounds heard when the product is turned on.

Unscrew the light bulb from the base and inspect the internal cavity of the element. If you find blackened contacts, you need to not only clean them, but also figure out the root cause. Often the formation of blackening is preceded by poor contact at the point of contact between the cartridge and the electrical wires.

Disassemble the socket, inspect the wire connections (pull lightly on the cable to ensure it is securely seated) and clean the contact plates. In some cases, for better contact, the plates need to be bent in the direction of the light bulb base.

There are often cases when, when trying to unscrew a light bulb from the socket, the bulb comes unstuck from the metal base and the latter remains inside. If this happens, disassemble the housing and bottom to remove the light bulb base. Another option is to take a pair of pliers with insulated handles, try to grab the edge of the base and turn it counterclockwise. Be careful not to damage the internal threads of the chuck.

Conclusion

When choosing electric sockets for lighting fixtures, focus on reliable fastening of the light bulb and calculate the level of safety.

The product is an important part of auxiliary fittings for lamps and chandeliers, an element of an electrical circuit. The slightest malfunction can result in fire or serious injury. Avoid purchasing low-quality, cheap products!

The section presents light bulbs and lamp sockets, as well as base adapters for lighting devices - lamps, chandeliers and sconces. LED light sources are available, halogen and fluorescent: with any type of base - from threaded E to pin (G), rotary and for recessed mounting. There are also specialized, cold- and heat-resistant ones, which are used for ovens and refrigeration equipment.

How to choose

• . The kitchen and bathroom need a cold spectrum, and the rest of the rooms need a warm spectrum.
• . Tubular halogen models are suitable for daylighting.
• . For ease of control, pay attention to dimmers and remote controls.

Will help the buyer choose the right electrical installation products for any room. You can use it on the hypermarket website.

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