Pistol shooting is an Olympic sport. Sports shooting. Abbreviations indicating the type of weapon

Shooting competitions at the 1980 Summer Olympics took place from July 20 to 26 at the Dynamo shooting range in Mytishchi, near Moscow. 7 sets of awards were awarded: 50 m free pistol, small-caliber rifle from a prone position... ... Wikipedia

Pnev rifle ... Wikipedia

The shooting competitions at the 1960 Summer Olympics took place from September 3 to 10. 313 men from 59 countries competed for 6 sets of awards: 50 m free pistol, 25 m rapid-fire pistol, small-caliber rifle from ... ... Wikipedia

The shooting competitions at the 1992 Summer Olympics took place in Barcelona from July 26 to August 2. 407 athletes (290 men and 117 women) competed for 13 sets of awards. Men competed in 7 events, women in 4, and two disciplines... ... Wikipedia

The shooting competitions at the 1988 Summer Olympics were held in Seoul. 396 athletes (285 men and 111 women) from 66 countries competed for 13 sets of medals. Men competed in 7 disciplines, women in four, and two disciplines... ... Wikipedia

The shooting competitions at the 1984 Summer Olympics were held in Los Angeles from July 29 to August 4. For the first time, women and men competed separately at Olympic shooting competitions. 460 athletes took part (383 men and 77... ... Wikipedia

The shooting competitions at the 1952 Summer Olympics took place from August 25 to 29. Compared to the previous Olympics, three disciplines were added at the games in Helsinki: prone free rifle shooting at a distance of 300 meters, ... ... Wikipedia

The shooting competitions at the 1972 Summer Olympics took place in Munich from August 27 to September 2. There were 397 athletes (393 men and 4 women) from 71 countries who competed for 8 sets of medals. 38 year old Swedish... ... Wikipedia

The shooting competitions at the 1976 Summer Olympics took place in Montreal from July 18 to 24. For the first time, an American woman, Margaret Murdoch, won a medal at an Olympic shooting competition. 344 athletes took part (336 men and... ... Wikipedia

Shooting competitions at the 1920 Summer Olympics took place from July 22 to August 2. 234 athletes from 18 countries took part and competed for 21 sets of medals. Contents 1 Medals 1.1 Overall medal standings ... Wikipedia

It is divided into pistol shooting, rifle shooting, and rifle shooting at a moving target. It is produced by a bullet from rifled weapons: pneumatic (4.5 mm), small-caliber (5.6 mm) and large-caliber (6.5 mm - 7.62 mm for rifles and 7.62-9.65 mm for pistols).

Targets are printed using a printing method on dense white or cream-colored material. When pierced by a bullet, such a target retains the outline of the bullet hole without excessively rough distortions and tears along the edges of the hole. The sizes and dimensions of the hole advantage zones are different, depending on the type of weapon and the distance from the line of fire to the target line.

Nowadays, all major international competitions are held using electronic target systems that determine the value of a hole by acoustic, optical or combined methods.

Every year, shooting competitions at various levels are held: from regional tournaments to world and European championships. Currently, the rules of the International Shooting Sports Federation (ISSF) for bullet shooting provide for 15 men's and 9 women's exercises, which are included in the programs of international competitions. The compulsory Olympic program includes 4 men's, 4 women's and 2 mixed exercises.

Olympic exercises:

Rifle:

"Rifle, 3 positions, 50m. Men", "Rifle, 3 positions, 50m. Women", "Air rifle, 10m. Men", "Air rifle, 10m. Women", "Air rifle, 10m. Mixed teams ";

Gun:

"Small-caliber standard pistol. 25m. Women", "Rapid-fire small-caliber pistol, 25m. Men", "Air pistol, 10m. Men", "Air pistol, 10m. Women", "Air pistol, 10m. Mixed teams".

In official ISSF documents and results reports of international competitions, short names of exercises are used, including the shooting distance, type of weapon and number of shots (for example: “50 m Free Rifle. 3x40 shots”).

In Russia, an abbreviation has been introduced for each exercise - two letters and numbers. The letters indicate the type of weapon (VP - air rifle; MV - small-caliber rifle; AB - (army) standard large-caliber rifle; PV - arbitrary large-caliber rifle; PP - air pistol; MP - small-caliber pistol; RP - large-caliber pistol (center fire revolver), and the numbers are the number of shots.

Sports shooting- a sport in which athletes compete in shooting accuracy from different types of weapons.

History of the emergence and development of sports shooting

Shooting sport is considered one of the most ancient applied sports. It appeared back in the distant times of bows and crossbows. In the middle of the 14th century, bows and crossbows evolved into firearms, after which bullet shooting began to actively develop.

In 1449, the first firearms shooting societies began to appear in France, and later they appeared in England and the USA.

In 1896, rifle and pistol shooting competitions were included in the program of the first Olympic Games in 1896, and since 1897, World Shooting Championships began to be held regularly.

Types of sports shooting

Bullet shooting- one of the types of shooting sports in which athletes compete in shooting from pneumatic, small-caliber, large-caliber rifles and pistols. Bullet shooting is an Olympic sport, in particular, the Olympic program includes 5 rifle shooting exercises (MV-5, VP-4, MV-6, MV-9, VP-6) and the same number of pistol shooting exercises (MP-5, PP-2, MP-6, MP-8, PP-3).

Abbreviations indicating the type of weapon:

VP- pneumatic rifle
MV- small-caliber rifle
AB- standard large-caliber rifle
PV- any large-caliber rifle
PP- air gun
MP- small-caliber pistol
RP- revolver-pistol of central combat.

Exercises:

MV-5— shooting from a small-caliber rifle, distance 50 m. Position — prone, standing, kneeling, 3x20 shots.

VP-4- Pneumatic rifle. 40 shots standing. Time 1 hour 15 minutes. An unlimited number of test shots are allowed before taking the scoring shots.

MV-6- Random small-caliber rifle. Distance 50 m. Target No. 7. Shooting is carried out in the following sequence: 40 shots prone (1 hour 00 minutes), 40 standing (1 hour 30 minutes), 40 from the knee (1 hour 15 minutes). In each position, an unlimited number of test shots are allowed before performing scoring shots. The winner is determined by the sum of points scored in three positions.

MV-9- Random small-caliber rifle. Distance 50 m. Target No. 7. Shooting is carried out in the following sequence: 20 shots while lying down, 20 while standing, 20 from the knee. The total time for shooting from three positions is 2 hours 30 minutes. In each position, an unlimited number of test shots are allowed before performing scoring shots.

VP-6- Pneumatic rifle. Distance 10 m. Target No. 8. 60 shots standing. Time 1 hour 45 min. An unlimited number of test shots are allowed before taking the scoring shots.

MP-5- a standard (sports) small-caliber pistol (in the international classification the pistol for exercise MP-5) is usually called sports, although this is the same pistol from which exercise MP-10 is performed. Distance 25 m. The exercise is divided into two parts. The first - 30 shots - is fired at a stationary target No. 4, the second - 30 shots - at an appearing target No. 5. Shooting is carried out in series of 5 shots at one target. In the first half, each series is completed in 6 minutes; in the second half of each series, the target appears 5 times for 3 seconds, during which the shooter fires one shot (pauses between target appearances are 7 seconds). First, all participants perform the first half of the exercise, and then the second.

PP-2— shooting from an air pistol, distance 10 m, 40 shots.

PP-3— shooting from an air pistol, distance 10 m, 60 shots. Time 1 hour 45 min. An unlimited number of test shots are allowed before the start of scoring shots.

MP-6- any small-caliber pistol. Distance 50 m. Target No. 4. 60 shots. Time 2 hours 00 minutes. An unlimited number of test shots are allowed before taking the scoring shots.

MP-8- rapid-fire small-caliber pistol. Distance 25 m. 5 simultaneously appearing targets No. 5. 60 shots. Shooting is carried out in series of 5 shots; The shooter fires one shot at each of the five simultaneously appearing targets. The exercise is divided into 2 halves, each of which consists of two sets of 8 s, two of 6 s, and two of 4 s. Before the start of the test shooting, one test series is performed in each half of the exercise for 8 seconds. First, all participants perform the first half of the exercise, and then the second.

The numbers in the abbreviations indicate the serial number of the exercise in the national sports classification for bullet shooting.

Skeet shooting- one of the types of shooting sports in which athletes compete in shooting at open shooting ranges. Shooting is carried out with shot from smoothbore shotguns at special skeet targets.

The Olympic Games include 3 skeet shooting disciplines:

• Round stand - athletes fire at clay pigeons, moving from one shooting station to another (8 in total), and also changing the shooting angle relative to the trajectories of flying targets.
• Trench stand - athletes fire at clay pigeons thrown out of a trench in a random direction.
• A double trap is the same as a trench stand, but the skeet is thrown out in pairs and the shooting is done in doublets.

Practical shooting- one of the types of shooting sports, the goal of which is to master and develop techniques that best suit various cases of using firearms.

Shooting skill is assessed as a balance of three main components:

• Accuracy - points for hitting targets;
• Speed ​​- time from the start signal to the last shot;
• Power - the use of weapons of greater power is encouraged by a large number of points awarded for hitting the scoring zones of targets, in addition, a minimum caliber and a minimum power factor are established.

The result is the sum of points for hitting all targets, including penalties, divided by the execution time.

Benchrest shooting is one of the types of shooting sports, the goal of the athletes is to fire five (or ten) shots at the scoring target; The smaller the group size, the higher the shooter’s place in the competition. In this case, shooting is performed while sitting at a special table with the rifle placed at point-blank range for shooting.

The following table shooting disciplines are distinguished:

• benchrest BR-50 - shooting from small-caliber devices;
• short benchrest - shooting at a distance of 100, 200 or 300 (meters or yards);
• benchrest Long Range - shooting at distances: 500, 600, 1000 (meters or yards) and mile.

Varminting is one of the types of shooting sports in which athletes compete in shooting at long and ultra-long distances, mainly at rodents. It is allowed to use artificial targets that imitate the silhouette of marmots.

sniping- one of the types of shooting sports in which athletes compete in shooting from sniper weapons.

The shooting sport is one of the very first sports, which began with bow and crossbow shooting, and later began to represent competitions in shooting from firearms and pneumatic weapons.

In Russia, shooting disciplines began to develop at the end of the 20th century and gained extraordinary popularity, since the love of shooting manifests itself in childhood, when kids imitate shooting from toy guns and pistols, playing “war”.

This type of bullet shooting has its own specifics. Competitions in shooting from firearms and air rifles are not held according to the principle “Faster, higher, stronger.” Here the muscles work differently than in other disciplines. The main load on the muscles occurs when the shooter’s body is in a static state, when it is necessary to fix the most optimal position for an accurate shot. The participant must demonstrate stability when shooting and the ability to maintain a static position for a long time. The shooter here uses so-called muscle memory. It is worth noting that during one such exercise a person loses about 3 kg in weight. Shooting competitions also have their own sprint distances and marathons.

In addition to physical characteristics, bullet shooting presupposes that the shooter also has high moral qualities. You also need to be able to control your emotions in order to act quickly and correctly in unexpected situations; qualities such as determination and endurance are also very important. Before the shot, the competitor seems to disconnect from everything that surrounds him and concentrates on the target. He must be able to abstract himself, control his thoughts, so that nothing can distract him at this crucial moment.

Skeet shooting originated from hunting competitions that took place in medieval England. Then the targets were birds, namely pigeons, which were thrown up for shooting. These rules were in effect for a very long time, and even during the first Olympic Games, shooters fired at live birds. The birds were later replaced by the current targets, today often called "clay pigeons". By the way, in the future it is expected that the plates will be replaced with environmentally friendly items.

Shooting rules

Gun shooting is divided into bullet and clay pigeon shooting. Both types of shooting sports have been among the oldest disciplines since 1896. In addition, archery is also an Olympic discipline. World shooting championships have been held since 1897.

Bullet shooting can take place both indoors and in open areas. If the competition takes place at a shooting range, then special sighting devices and light filters are selected that are suitable for shooting in this room, depending on the lighting. When the nature of illumination changes, the shooter must quickly correlate his actions. If the competition is held at a shooting range, then conditions such as wind, air temperature, etc. must be taken into account.

Skeet shooting involves shooting shotguns at targets using shotguns. The targets are plates, which break when hit well. Such plates are made from bituminous sand and cement.

Targets in skeet shooting are dynamic, and shooters must have good reflexes and accuracy to hit the target. Shooting is carried out from a maximum 12-gauge firearm. The shooter must also have an absolute sense of dynamics and balance in order to capture the movements of a target flying in a straight line or an arc.

Shooting at the Olympic Games

Today the Olympic program includes round skeet, trench skeet and double trap as varieties of skeet shooting.

The Russian national team has archers, seven of whom have a golden tint. At the moment, the most titled Olympian is, who has one gold and two silver medals.

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Shooting sports are divided into bullet and skeet shooting. Bullet shooting is divided into shooting from pistols and rifles. In skeet shooting, athletes shoot shotguns with 12-gauge shotguns.

Pierre de Coubertin was a French shooting champion long before he founded the Olympic Games. It was on his initiative that 4 types of pistol shooting and 2 rifle shooting were included in the program of the Games of the 1st Olympic Games in 1896.

OLYMPIC GAMES

Shooting was included in the program of the Olympic Games by Pierre de Coubertin from the first Olympics in Athens in 1896 and since then has been included in the program of all Olympic Games except 1904 and 1928.

The first competitions were held only among men, but since the 1968 Olympic Games in Mexico City, women received permission to participate in shooting disciplines on an equal basis with men. The division into men's and women's disciplines began at the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles. Since 1996, Atlanta has separated men's and women's disciplines.

In 2017, the International Olympic Committee approved the proposal of the International Shooting Sports Federation to include three mixed events in the Olympic program: “air rifle, 10m, men”, “air rifle, 10m, women”, “trap, mixed teams”. Thus, the number of exercises for men and women in shooting sports was equalized.

A total of 15 sets of awards are awarded at the Olympic Games in bullet and skeet shooting.

RUSSIA

The first Soviet champion in bullet shooting was Anatoly Bogdanov in 1952 in Helsinki. He won the three-position big-bore rifle event and repeated his success in 1956 in Melbourne. For women, Marina Logvinenko became a two-time Olympic champion in small-caliber and air pistol shooting at the 1992 Games in Barcelona. At the last Olympic Games, Russian representatives became champions: Yuri Fedkin (1992, Barcelona) and Artem Khadzhibekov (1996, Atlanta) in air rifle shooting, Boris Kokorev (1996, Atlanta) and Mikhail Nestruev (2004, Athens) in shooting from a small-caliber pistol, Sergey Alifirenko (2000, Sydney) in shooting from a high-speed pistol, Lyubov Galkina (2004, Athens) in shooting from a small-caliber rifle) and Olga Klochneva (1996, Atlanta) in shooting from an air pistol.

The first Soviet Olympic champion in skeet shooting was Evgeniy Petrov in 1968. He won the skeet shooting event at the Mexico City Games. He hit 198 targets out of 200. At the 1976 Olympics he was the senior coach of the USSR national team, and at the 1992 Games he was the head coach of the United Team in skeet shooting. Olympic champions in skeet shooting were representatives of our country Dmitry Monakov (1988, Seoul) and Alexey Alipov (2004, Athens), who won the trench skeet shooting.

Photo - ru.wikipedia.org

Shooting sports are divided into bullet and skeet shooting.

Bullet shooting divided into pistol and rifle shooting. Athletes shoot from rifled small-caliber weapons (diameter 5.6 mm) and pneumatic weapons (diameter 4.5 mm). The Olympic program includes 10 exercises.

• Rifle: "Rimfire, three positions, 50m, men", "Rimfire, three positions, 50m, women", "Air rifle, 10m, men", "Air rifle, 10m, women", "Air rifle, 10m, mixed teams."
• Pistol: "quick fire pistol, 25m, men", "small caliber standard pistol, 25m, women", "air pistol, 10m, men", "air pistol, 10m, women", "air pistol, 10m, mixed teams".

Major international and all-Russian competitions are held with electronic targets.

IN clay pigeon shooting athletes shoot from 12-gauge smoothbore shotguns with shot charges.

The Olympic program includes 5 exercises: “men’s trap”, “women’s trap”, “mixed team trap”, “men’s skete”, “women’s skete”.

Shooting is carried out at “skeet” targets flying out of the machines along a certain trajectory, which depends on the exercise.

The targets are made from a mixture of coal tar pitch (a component used to make asphalt) and cement. When pellets hit a plate, it breaks. To increase spectator interest and to reduce the likelihood of judicial error, shooting in the finals is carried out at special plates - “flash targets”, which, when hit, throw a cloud of brightly colored powder into the air. Target diameter – 110 mm.